EP3101998B1 - Élément de chauffage ptc et dispositif de chauffage électrique comprenant un tel élément de chauffage ptc et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique - Google Patents

Élément de chauffage ptc et dispositif de chauffage électrique comprenant un tel élément de chauffage ptc et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3101998B1
EP3101998B1 EP15170336.0A EP15170336A EP3101998B1 EP 3101998 B1 EP3101998 B1 EP 3101998B1 EP 15170336 A EP15170336 A EP 15170336A EP 3101998 B1 EP3101998 B1 EP 3101998B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ptc
ptc element
heating element
ptc heating
insulating mass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP15170336.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3101998A1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Bohlender
Patrick Kachelhoffer
Michael Niederer
Andreas Schwarzer
Kurt Walz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Catem GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eberspaecher Catem GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eberspaecher Catem GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eberspaecher Catem GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP15170336.0A priority Critical patent/EP3101998B1/fr
Priority to EP15193710.9A priority patent/EP3101999B1/fr
Priority to CN201610382103.8A priority patent/CN106231699B/zh
Priority to CN201610382105.7A priority patent/CN106231700B/zh
Priority to US15/169,847 priority patent/US10524310B2/en
Priority to US15/169,873 priority patent/US10485059B2/en
Publication of EP3101998A1 publication Critical patent/EP3101998A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3101998B1 publication Critical patent/EP3101998B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H05B1/0236—Industrial applications for vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H05B3/30—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material on or between metallic plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/18—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being embedded in an insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H05B3/50—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material heating conductor arranged in metal tubes, the radiating surface having heat-conducting fins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a PTC heating element with at least one PTC element which is provided between conductor tracks.
  • Such a PTC element is used, for example, in electrical auxiliary heaters in motor vehicles. These auxiliary heaters are used to heat air. They have corrugated rib layers lying on opposite sides of the PTC element. Usually several layers of stacked PTC elements with corrugated rib layers resting on them are provided. Examples from the prior art of such air heaters are, for example EP 1 768 459 A1 , EP 2 109 345 B1 such as EP 1 768 458 A1 .
  • Generic PTC heating elements according to the present invention are also used in heaters for heating liquid media, such as those used in, for example EP 1 921 896 A1 are described.
  • the present invention relates in particular to a PTC heating element with the preamble features of claim 1.
  • a PTC heating element is, for example, from EP 2 397 788 A1 known.
  • silicone adhesive is filled in molten liquid into a tube which is closed at the end and which has previously been equipped with conductor tracks and PTC elements attached to them.
  • such a unit can also be subsequently filled into the pipe filled with silicone adhesive.
  • the corresponding procedure requires positioning strips or other inserts in the pipe, which must ensure that the conductor tracks do not come into direct contact with the walls of the pipe.
  • a heat-generating element which comprises at least one PTC element arranged in an opening of a positioning frame. On both sides of the PTC element there are contact plates as conductor tracks for energizing the PTC element.
  • the receiving space for the PTC element formed by a frame opening in the positioning frame is hermetically sealed.
  • sealing elements are provided on the positioning frame, which interact with insulating layers which are placed on the outside against the conductor track.
  • the PTC elements have self-regulating properties. If the heat generated by the PTC element is not dissipated well, the electrical performance of the PTC element cannot be fully used.
  • the present invention is based on the problem of specifying an improved PTC element and an improved electrical heating device. Furthermore, the present invention seeks to propose the production of an electrical heating device.
  • the first aspect of the present invention proposes a PTC heating element according to claim 1.
  • This insulating mass usually comprises a silicone mass as the liquid phase.
  • the liquid phase is preferably formed by an addition-crosslinking 2-component silicone that hardens at room temperature and hardens under heat.
  • the mass has a viscosity at 25 ° C of between 100 and 200 Pa s.
  • gasoline or toluene is usually added to the 2-component silicone as a thinner in order to obtain a viscosity in a range of between 4 and 15, preferably between 5 and 8 Pa s at 25 ° C.
  • the thermal conductivity of the mass (liquid phase + particles) is regularly between 3.0 and 5.0 W / (m K).
  • the component of the mass forming the liquid phase should have a Shore A hardness of about 10 - 40 and a dielectric strength CTI> 600.
  • a predetermined solid content with high thermal conductivity is usually added to this liquid phase.
  • the thermal conductivity of the filler component should be between 20 and 30 W (m K).
  • the filler is preferably alumina. With a view to good flow properties, spherical aluminum oxide with an average grain size of approx. 4 to 6 ⁇ m is preferred. With a view to good thermal conductivity of the mass (liquid phase + filler content), the mass has a filler content of at least 50% by volume, particularly preferably between 85 and 95% by volume.
  • the individual components of the PTC heating element are preferably joined to form a unit by the insulating mass.
  • the PTC heating element according to the present invention preferably does not have a frame that joins and / or surrounds the components.
  • the PTC element has an insulating layer projecting beyond the end of the conductor track, which, with the conductor track and / or the PTC element, defines a receiving area that receives the insulating compound.
  • the insulating layer is an electrical insulating layer. It can consist of a hybrid film which comprises a polyimide film and an electrically insulating, but preferably highly thermally conductive, mass applied to it as the second layer of the insulating layer. This mass preferably has the same material composition as the electrically insulating mass for sealing the conductor track.
  • the insulating layer usually projects beyond the PTC element on all sides. As a result, a gusset is formed between the PTC element and the insulating layer, which forms the aforementioned receiving area.
  • the electrically insulating compound can be introduced into this gusset-shaped receiving area and cured there.
  • the PTC heating element according to the invention is produced as a separate component and designed to be adapted for insertion into an electrical heating device, in particular for insertion into a U-shaped recess of a heater housing.
  • This U-shaped recess preferably extends from a partition which separates a circulation chamber from a connection chamber.
  • the U-shaped recess is provided within a heating rib that extends from the partition in the circulation chamber protrudes and delimits the U-shaped recess in a fluid-tight manner with respect to the circulation chamber.
  • the recess only opens towards the connection chamber.
  • the circulation chamber is designed to accommodate a liquid medium, ie it is sealed and provided with inlet and outlet connections for connecting the circulation chamber to a circuit for liquid medium.
  • the electrical heating device has a preferably trough-shaped lower housing part which encloses the circulation chamber between a housing base, the partition wall extending parallel thereto and the housing side walls extending at right angles thereto. Connecting pieces for connecting the electrical heating device to a circuit for a liquid medium protrude from the side walls of the lower housing part. These connecting pieces are sealingly connected to the housing side walls.
  • the lower housing part can be made of plastic.
  • the circulation chamber is liquid-tight.
  • the filling volume of the circulation chamber in water heaters of the type described above is between 450 ml and 200 ml, preferably between 400 ml and 220 ml and particularly preferably between 300 ml and 230 ml.
  • This filling volume also includes the filling volume of the connecting piece.
  • Each nozzle has a filling volume of about 7 ml.
  • the embodiment shown is usually integrated in a cooling water circuit in a vehicle, which has a volume of about 5 to 6 liters. At least one heat exchanger for heating air in the passenger compartment can be integrated into this cooling water circuit.
  • the cooling water circuit can also have heat exchanger surfaces for technical components of an electric vehicle in order to bring them to the required operating temperature when the ambient temperature is cold.
  • the PTC element according to the invention is therefore used in particular in a heater of an electrically powered motor vehicle, in which the liquid medium is heated, for example to heat a unit or the interior of the electrically powered vehicle.
  • the PTC heating element is energized with a high voltage, so that special care must be taken here that creeping and / or air gaps are eliminated.
  • the PTC element is preferably wedged in the recess, as shown in FIG EP 2 637 475 A1 or the EP 1 921 896 A1 is known.
  • a sliding plate is proposed that can be connected, for example glued, to the PTC element via the electrically insulating mass.
  • the intermediate product consists of the PTC element and the conductor tracks provided on both sides. These conductor tracks are usually formed by contact sheets.
  • the conductor tracks are connected to the PTC element, preferably glued.
  • Insulating layers are preferably provided in each case on opposite free areas of the conductor tracks.
  • the PTC heating element that is to say the PTC element and the conductor tracks lying thereon on both sides, is enclosed between the two insulating layers. Said sliding plate rests against one of the insulating layers.
  • the sliding plate preferably projects beyond the PTC element as well as the conductor tracks. Furthermore, the sliding plate preferably protrudes over one of the insulating layers at the end and engages over this insulating layer with a leg that extends at a distance from the PTC element on the underside. A space thus formed between the leg and the PTC element is completely or partially filled with the electrically insulating compound.
  • the corresponding leg of the sliding plate preferably forms a stop which defines the penetration depth of the PTC heating element into the U-shaped recess.
  • the insulating layer protruding beyond the conductor path at least on the underside provides a minimum distance between the sliding plate and the PTC element. This distance is preferably between 2.5 and 4 mm.
  • the sliding plate is formed from a sheet metal material at least by punching and bending and has a spacer formed by this processing.
  • the PTC heating element is held at a predetermined distance from an inner surface of the U-shaped recess.
  • the spacer is preferably dimensioned so that the PTC heating element rests against the inner surface of the U-shaped recess with the interposition of the insulating layer, whereas on the opposite side the sliding plate limits the package of PTC heating element and insulating layers attached to it on the outside, and from the side of the spacer facing away from the PTC heating element protrudes and rests against the other inner surface of the U-shaped recess.
  • a plurality of spacers are preferably provided.
  • the spacers can be formed, for example, by spring elements which can be provided one above the other in the direction of insertion of the PTC element into the U-shaped recess.
  • two spacers enclose between them a contact or sliding surface for a wedge element which braces the PTC element in the U-shaped recess.
  • a sheet metal which encompasses the PTC element and the conductor tracks on one side, for example on the underside.
  • This sheet metal element can for example be formed by the sliding plate.
  • the sheet metal element can form a lower stop through which the PTC heating element is in its end position is given in the U-shaped recess.
  • the electrically insulating compound preferably completely or partially fills the space between the stop and the PTC element.
  • the sliding plate can be connected, for example glued, to the PTC element.
  • the sliding plate preferably forms a U-shaped receptacle for the PTC element together with the conductor tracks resting thereon and an insulating layer delimiting them on the outside.
  • This prefabricated unit can be held in the U-shaped receptacle by means of clamping.
  • the conductor tracks protrude beyond the PTC element in the direction in which it is inserted at least on one side and at the end, preferably on an underside of the PTC element opposite the terminal lugs, lie against a bar whose thickness is the thickness of the PTC element plus the thickness of the two conductor tracks does not exceed.
  • the conductor tracks are preferably formed by contact plates which have connection lugs formed thereon in one piece by means of punching.
  • the connection lugs can pass through a further strip, which is provided opposite the first, previously described strip and is also connected to the conductor tracks.
  • This upper bar usually has openings for the connection lugs of the contact plates.
  • the electrically insulating mass is provided between these end sections and the bar.
  • the bar can have a central projection that forms contact surfaces for the contact plates.
  • the ground is provided around the PTC element and / or the conductor track.
  • the compound is applied as an adhesive bead to seal the PTC element and / or the conductor tracks around these components.
  • the insulating layer particularly preferably both insulating layers, preferably forms the PTC element protruding edges.
  • the electrically insulating compound is glued to these edges as an adhesive compound.
  • the electrically insulating mass preferably runs around the PTC element. The edges of the insulating layer also project beyond the PTC element on all sides. Accordingly, a circumferential bead from the electrically insulating compound results between opposing insulating layers, through which the PTC element is completely sealed.
  • connection lugs pass through the insulating mass and are on one connection side of the PTC heating element free.
  • the connection lugs preferably protrude through a connection flange for holding and positioning the PTC heating element in the U-shaped recess.
  • This connection flange is glued to the PTC element via the adhesive, electrically insulating compound.
  • the PTC element and the conductor tracks adjacent to it are preferably completely covered and sealed in by the electrically insulating compound.
  • the present invention proposes an electrical heating device, in particular for a motor vehicle, with heat-emitting surfaces that accommodate at least one PTC heating element between them.
  • This PTC heating element is shaped according to one of the configurations discussed above.
  • the present invention also proposes a method for producing an electrical heating device with the features of claim 13.
  • the conductor tracks are glued to the PTC element to create a PTC heating cell.
  • the PTC heating cell produced in this way is placed between two electrical insulating layers and sealed in by an electrically insulating compound, which is applied as a bead of adhesive that seals at least one of the conductor tracks and / or the PTC element, so that the insulating compound is applied against exposed front edges of the conductor track and at least partially against exposed frontal edges of the PTC element.
  • the electrically insulating mass can initially be placed on protruding edges of an insulating film that forms the insulating layer. The PTC heating cell was previously placed on this film.
  • the electrically insulating compound is applied around the PTC heating cell and on one layer of the film. Then the insulating film is turned over to seal the PTC heating cell and placed on the other of the conductor tracks. By folding over the insulating film, the PTC heating cell is surrounded by the electrically insulating mass. This then extends between the opposite inner surfaces of the insulating film and preferably glues the two film sections to one another. Excess insulating mass can be pushed out on the front side via the PTC heating element.
  • the PTC heating element prepared in this way and designed to be externally insulating can then be inserted into a U-shaped recess of a heater and electrically insulated therein by casting with the electrically insulating compound, but inserted with good thermal conductivity.
  • the Figure 1 shows a perspective side view of a PTC heating element 2 with a PTC element 4, which is arranged between two conductor tracks 6 designed as contact plates made of sheet metal.
  • the PTC element 4 is located below.
  • the PTC element 4 and the two contact plates 6 basically have the same base area.
  • the contact plates 6 are only on the upper side to form a contact lug 6.1 formed in one piece on the sheet metal element. extended over the PTC element 4.
  • the contact plates 6 are connected to the PTC element 4 via an adhesive, preferably an electrically conductive adhesive.
  • This prefabricated PTC heating cell 7 is placed on a hybrid film 8 which is wider than the PTC heating element 2.
  • the hybrid film 8 consists of a relatively thin film to which an electrically non-conductive pasty mass is applied.
  • the hybrid film 8 On the in Figure 1 The path of the hybrid film 8 shown, the PTC heating element 2 is placed. Since the insulating layer formed by the hybrid film 8 protrudes slightly beyond the PTC element in the width direction, the hybrid film 8 forms edges 8.1 that protrude in the width direction. The hybrid film 8 also protrudes quite considerably beyond the PTC heating element 2 on its underside and to a certain extent on the upper side, ie where the influence flags 6. This results in peripheral edges 8.1 around the PTC heating element 2. On these edges 8.1. the electrically insulating, but thermally conductive mass 10, which is also used to produce the hybrid film 8, is applied as a bead.
  • the electrically insulating mass 10 thus lies at the end against the exposed frontal edges of the two contact plates 6, which take the PTC element 2 between them.
  • the bead made of insulating compound 10 is applied with a sufficient volume so that the height of the bead corresponds approximately to 1/2 to 4/5 of the height of the PTC element 4 plus the height of one of the two contact plates 6.
  • the hybrid film 8 is turned over and on the in Figure 1 still exposed top of the upper contact plate 4 applied.
  • the bead of adhesive formed from the compound 10 then contacts the hybrid film 8 and seals the PTC element 4 and / or one of the contact plates 6 in full. Only the terminal lugs 6.1 enforce this circumferential, electrically insulating enclosure of the PTC element.
  • Fig. 2 shows the embodiment Fig. 1 in a perspective side view after the hybrid film 8 has been turned over. As can be seen, the hybrid film 8 protrudes beyond the bead of the compound 10 on all sides Receiving area 11, which is formed continuously in the width direction of the PTC heating element 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment.
  • the same components are identified by the same reference numerals as in the previously described exemplary embodiment.
  • the PTC heating element 2 after Figure 3 has two insulating layers 12 extending parallel to one another.
  • These insulating layers 12 can be layers of the aforementioned hybrid film.
  • insulating layers made of a ceramic and / or of a ceramic coated with a plastic film can also be provided.
  • the mass 10 is provided in the manner of a circumferential adhesive bead so that at least one of the conductor tracks 6 is completely covered by the mass 10 and the PTC element 4 is completely covered, but not over its entire height, but only up to a height of approximately 1/2 the thickness of the PTC element 4 is sealed.
  • the Figure 4 shows a perspective side view of an embodiment of a sliding plate 14, which is bent over by two bending to form a U-shaped profile in the side view.
  • a U-shaped receptacle 16 formed in this way is dimensioned in such a way that the previously described with reference to FIG Figures 1 to 3
  • the embodiments of PTC heating elements discussed above each fit into the U-shaped receptacle 16.
  • the sliding plate 16 forms a sliding surface 18 over which spacers 20 protrude on both sides, which are formed by bending the material forming the sliding plate 14.
  • the spacers 20 extend in the longitudinal direction of the sliding plate 14, and they are only provided in the upper part of the sliding plate 14.
  • inclined surfaces 22 are provided, which run in the shape of a funnel obliquely towards the sliding surface 18 and slightly project beyond this sliding surface 18.
  • the spacers 20 and the inclined surfaces 22 form a lateral boundary of an in Figure 5 wedge element identified by reference numeral 24.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6th illustrate the installation situation of a PTC heating element 2 received in the U-shaped receptacle 16 of the sliding plate 14.
  • Reference numeral 26 denotes a part of an upper housing part that can be placed on a trough-shaped lower housing part (not shown) to create a circulation chamber for the liquid medium to be heated train like this from the EP 1 872 986 A1 is known.
  • the disclosure content of this document - insofar as it relates to the heating device as such and in particular to the details of the lower housing part and upper housing part, is incorporated into the disclosure of the present application by this reference.
  • the upper housing part 26 has a dividing wall 28, which usually extends parallel to the bottom of the lower housing part, and usually a plurality of heating ribs 30 protruding at right angles from this dividing wall 28, which opens via a U-shaped recess 32 to a connection side of a heater for liquid media (in particular water heater) .
  • the unit of PTC heating element 2 and sliding plate 14, which was previously preassembled by inserting into the U-shaped receptacle 16 of the sliding plate 14, is inserted until the end of the U-shaped sliding plate 14 is on a Bottom 34 of the U-shaped recess 32 is seated.
  • the U-shaped recess 32 has lateral guide grooves 36 which extend in the insertion direction and the U-shaped recess 32 is enlarged at the edge and in the direction of thickness.
  • These guide grooves 36 form receptacles for the spacers 20, in which the sliding plate 14 is guided and positioned when the sliding plate 14 is inserted with the PTC heating element 2.
  • the spacers 20 press against the inner walls of the U-shaped Recess 32 exposes a wedge element receiving opening 38 into which the wedge element 24 is inserted after the sliding plate 14 with the PTC heating element 2 has been completely inserted.
  • the wedge element 24 is provided on at least one side, preferably on opposite main side surfaces, with a water-based PTFE lubricating varnish with an organic binder.
  • such a lubricating varnish can be provided on a contact surface formed by the U-shaped recess 32 for the wedge element 24 and / or the sliding surface 18.
  • Such a coating serves as dry lubrication during the introduction movement of the wedge element 24.
  • the slip-reducing coating ensures reproducible assembly results, since surface roughness and the like, which can vary during the manufacture of the individual components, are compensated for by the coating.
  • This pressing serves, on the one hand, to conduct heat effectively from the PTC element 4 into the inner surfaces of the U-shaped recess and, on the other hand, to introduce current from the contact surfaces of the PTC heating element 2 into the PTC element 4.
  • the insulating layers which can be formed by the hybrid film 8 or the insulating layers 12, project beyond the sliding plate 14 in the width direction on the outside of the conductor tracks 6 and also project beyond the sliding plate 14 in the height direction towards the terminal lugs 6.1.
  • the insulating layers protrude at least the area in which the sliding plate 14 is in direct contact with the insulating layers (cf. Figure 6 ). This increases the air gap and creepage distance between the conductor tracks and the upper housing part 26 and thus the electrical safety of the heating device.
  • the bead of the insulating mass 10 is also located above the PTC element 4 and accordingly between the terminal lugs 6.1 of different polarity. This also increases the creepage distance.
  • at least one of the conductor tracks 6 is completely encased by the mass 10, so that there is considerable security against leakage current.
  • the other of the two conductor tracks 6 can be exposed circumferentially.
  • the conductor tracks 6 are formed by metal sheets.
  • the metal sheets have connection lugs 6.1 cut free by punching for the electrical connection of the contact sheets 6.
  • the contact plates 6 each end flush with the PTC element 4 in a direction at right angles to this, ie in the joining direction, the contact plates 6 project beyond the PTC element 4 on both sides. They each rest on a strip 39 or 40.
  • the two strips 39, 40 have a thickness which corresponds to the thickness of the PTC heating element 2 plus the two thicknesses of the contact plates 6.
  • a flat outer surface is thus formed on the outside by the side surfaces of the strips 39, 40 on the one hand and the outer surfaces of the contact plates 6 on the other.
  • the strips 39, 40 each have inwardly protruding contact webs 42, which each form contact surfaces for the contact plates 6.
  • the strips 39, 40 are provided at a distance from the opposite end face of the PTC element 4. In other words, a free space remains between a free front face of the respective contact web 42 and the face of the PTC element 4.
  • the PTC element is completely sealed in by the bead from the insulating compound 10 in this exemplary embodiment as well.
  • the mass 10 does not have to extend over the entire thickness of the PTC element 4.
  • the bead made of compound 10 lies on the in Figure 7 already turned over, hybrid film 8 and covers the in Fig. 7 lower conductor track 6 almost completely at the end and part of the PTC element 4 at the end.
  • the PTC element 4 is completely surrounded by the mass 10.
  • the mass 10 On opposite end faces, ie adjacent to the strips 39, 40, the mass 10 not only serves to increase the creepage and air gap on the end face of the PTC element 4, but also as an adhesive that connects the strips 39, 40 to the connects to ordered conductor track 6.
  • the in Figure 8 The bead 10.1, 10.2 shown made of electrically insulating compound 10 bridges the gap between the contact web 42 and the opposite end face of the PTC element 4. As a result, the clearance and creepage distance on the end faces between the conductor tracks 6 of different polarity is laid.
  • FIG. 8 An essential aspect of the present invention is also the Figure 8 can be seen, after which the mass 10 is applied to a protruding edge of the insulating layer (in this case the hybrid film 8) in order to cover one of the conductor tracks 6 and the PTC element 4 to increase the clearance and creepage distance.
  • the mass 10 is applied to a protruding edge of the insulating layer (in this case the hybrid film 8) in order to cover one of the conductor tracks 6 and the PTC element 4 to increase the clearance and creepage distance.
  • the Figures 5 and 9 show a further modified embodiment of a PTC heating element 2 when viewed together.
  • the upper bar 40 is L-shaped, so that a relatively large-area contact leg results for the contact of the insulating layer 12.
  • the upper bar 40 has recesses which are designed to be adapted to the implementation of the terminal lugs 6.1.
  • the design of the in Figure 9 built-in sliding plate 14 corresponds to the embodiment according to Figures 4 and 6th .
  • the sliding plate 14 thus encloses the lower bar 39.
  • the lower bar 39 rests on the inside against a crosspiece of the U-shaped receptacle 16 of the sliding plate 14 (cf. Figure 5 ).
  • the lower power 39 in the present case extends beyond the insulating layer 12 as well as the sliding plate 14 in the width direction, partially surrounds the longitudinal bead 10.3 and forms a stop for the relative positioning of adjacent PTC heating elements 2 in an elongated U-shaped recess of a heating rib.
  • the lower bar 39 can be a plastic injection molded part.
  • One or both strips 39, 40 can be connected to the contact plates 6 by overmolding, for which purpose a contact plate at the level of a corresponding strip can have bores into which a plastic forming the strip can enter in molten form in order to connect the strip to the contact plate in a form-fitting manner.
  • the other contact sheet is regularly glued against the other bar.
  • the mass 10 can also be used to fill a free space between the bar and the PCT element 4 and / or to connect the bar 39 to the PTC element 4.
  • the lower bar 39 usually has slightly rounded outer edges, especially when the hybrid film 8 is to be wrapped around the bar 39 at the end.
  • the rounded edges reduce the risk of damage to the hybrid film 8 during assembly.

Landscapes

  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Elément de chauffage PTC (2) comprenant au moins un élément PTC (4) prévu entre des pistes conductrices (6) et une masse isolante (10) scellant complètement au moins une des pistes conductrices (6) et/ou l'élément PTC (4),
    dans lequel la masse isolante (10) est appliquée sous de cordon adhésif scellant la piste conductrice (6) et/ou l'élément PTC (4) sur sa circonférence,
    caractérisé en ce que la masse isolante (10) repose contre les bords frontaux exposés de la piste conductrice (6) et au moins partiellement contre les bords frontaux exposés de l'élément PTC (4).
  2. Elément de chauffage PTC (2) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par un film isolant (8, 12) qui dépasse de la piste conductrice (6) à l'extérieur et qui, conjointement avec la piste conductrice (6) et/ou l'élément PCT (4), définit une zone de réception qui reçoit la masse isolante (10).
  3. Elément de chauffage PTC (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la masse isolante (10) entoure partiellement l'élément PTC (4) et l'une des pistes conductrices (6) dans le sens de l'épaisseur.
  4. Elément de chauffage PTC (2) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par une plaque de glissement (14) reposant contre le film isolant (8, 12).
  5. Elément de chauffage PTC (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes 2 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que le film isolant (8, 12) et/ou la plaque de glissement (14) dépassent de l'élément PTC (4) et de la piste conductrice (6) sur le bord et en ce que la masse isolante (10) scelle la piste conductrice (6) et/ou l'élément PTC (4) sur le bord.
  6. Elément de chauffage PTC (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que la tôle coulissante présente au moins une entretoise (20) formée par poinçonnage et pliage à partir d'un matériau en feuille formant la tôle coulissante (14).
  7. Elément de chauffage PTC (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les pistes conductrices (6) dépassent de l'extrémité de l'élément PTC (4) et s'appuient à l'extrémité contre au moins une bande (39, 40) dont l'épaisseur ne dépasse pas l'épaisseur de l'élément PTC (4) plus l'épaisseur des deux pistes conductrices (6).
  8. Elément de chauffage PTC(2) selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la bande (40) est collée à l'élément PTC (4) par la masse isolante (10), qui est conçue comme une masse isolante adhésive et qui referme au moins une des pistes conductrices (6) et/ou l'élément PTC (4) à l'extrémité.
  9. Elément de chauffage PTC (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la masse isolante (10) est conçue comme masse isolante adhésive et est appliquée sur un film isolant (8) autour de l'élément PTC (4), et en ce que le film isolant (8) recouvre au moins une surface extérieure des pistes conductrices (6) opposée à l'élément PTC (4).
  10. Dispositif de chauffage électrique, en particulier pour un véhicule automobile, comportant des surfaces d'émission de chaleur qui reçoivent entre elles au moins un élément de chauffage PTC (2), avec un élément PTC (4) qui est en contact des deux côtés avec des pistes conductrices (6) servant au raccordement électrique de l'élément PTC (4) et dont au moins une est pourvue d'un film isolant (8, 12) sur sa surface extérieure opposée à l'élément PTC (4), l'élément de chauffage PTC (2) étant conçu selon l'une des revendications ci-dessus.
  11. Dispositif de chauffage électrique selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces d'émission de chaleur sont formées par les surfaces intérieures opposées d'un évidement en forme de U (32) d'un boîtier de chauffage, et en ce que seule la masse électriquement isolante (10) est prévue entre les surfaces intérieures de l'évidement en forme de U (32) et une face frontale de l'élément de chauffage PTC (2).
  12. Dispositif de chauffage électrique selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de chauffage PTC (2) selon la revendication 6 est formé et maintenu à une distance prédéterminée d'une surface intérieure de l'évidement en forme de U (32) par l'intermédiaire de l'entretoise (20).
  13. Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique avec au moins un élément PTC (4) prévu entre des pistes conductrices (6), dans lequel les pistes conductrices (6) sont collées à l'élément PTC (4) pour produire une cellule de chauffage PTC (7) et au moins une des pistes conductrices (6) et/ou l'élément PTC (4) est/sont complètement scellé(s) par une masse électriquement isolante (10),
    dans lequel la masse isolante (10) est appliquée sous la forme d'un cordon adhésif scellant la piste conductrice (6) et/ou l'élément PTC (4) sur sa circonférence,
    caractérisé en ce que la masse isolante (10) est placée contre les bords frontaux exposés de la piste conductrice (6) et au moins partiellement contre les bords frontaux exposés de l'élément PTC (4).
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que la cellule de chauffage PTC (7) est placée avec une des pistes conductrices (6) sur un film isolant (8), la masse isolante (10) est appliquée contre les bords saillants (8.1) du film isolant (8) et le film isolant (8) est enveloppé pour sceller la cellule de chauffage PTC (7) et placé sur l'autre des pistes conductrices (6).
EP15170336.0A 2015-06-02 2015-06-02 Élément de chauffage ptc et dispositif de chauffage électrique comprenant un tel élément de chauffage ptc et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique Active EP3101998B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15170336.0A EP3101998B1 (fr) 2015-06-02 2015-06-02 Élément de chauffage ptc et dispositif de chauffage électrique comprenant un tel élément de chauffage ptc et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique
EP15193710.9A EP3101999B1 (fr) 2015-06-02 2015-11-09 Élement de chauffage a coefficient de temperature positif (ctp) et dispositif de chauffage electrique pour un vehicule automobile comprenant un tel element de chauffage ctp
CN201610382103.8A CN106231699B (zh) 2015-06-02 2016-06-01 Ptc加热元件和包括这种ptc加热元件的用于机动车辆的电加热装置
CN201610382105.7A CN106231700B (zh) 2015-06-02 2016-06-01 Ptc加热元件和包括这种ptc加热元件的电加热装置和用于生产电加热装置的方法
US15/169,847 US10524310B2 (en) 2015-06-02 2016-06-01 PTC heating element and electric heating device for an automotive vehicle comprising such a PTC heating element
US15/169,873 US10485059B2 (en) 2015-06-02 2016-06-01 PTC heating element and electric heating device comprising such a PTC heating element and method for producing an electric heating device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15170336.0A EP3101998B1 (fr) 2015-06-02 2015-06-02 Élément de chauffage ptc et dispositif de chauffage électrique comprenant un tel élément de chauffage ptc et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique

Publications (2)

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EP3101998A1 EP3101998A1 (fr) 2016-12-07
EP3101998B1 true EP3101998B1 (fr) 2020-12-16

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US (1) US10485059B2 (fr)
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CN106231700A (zh) 2016-12-14
EP3101998A1 (fr) 2016-12-07
US10485059B2 (en) 2019-11-19
US20160360573A1 (en) 2016-12-08
CN106231700B (zh) 2020-04-24

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