EP2412943B1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Heißgaserzeugung mit integrierter Erhitzung eines Wärmeträgermediums - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Heißgaserzeugung mit integrierter Erhitzung eines Wärmeträgermediums Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2412943B1
EP2412943B1 EP11172633.7A EP11172633A EP2412943B1 EP 2412943 B1 EP2412943 B1 EP 2412943B1 EP 11172633 A EP11172633 A EP 11172633A EP 2412943 B1 EP2412943 B1 EP 2412943B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
flue
steam generator
drying device
unit
Prior art date
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EP11172633.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2412943A2 (de
EP2412943A3 (de
Inventor
Georg Obwaller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
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Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
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Priority to PL11172633T priority Critical patent/PL2412943T3/pl
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Publication of EP2412943A3 publication Critical patent/EP2412943A3/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/06—Returning energy of steam, in exchanged form, to process, e.g. use of exhaust steam for drying solid fuel or plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1869—Hot gas water tube boilers not provided for in F22B1/1807 - F22B1/1861
    • F22B1/1876—Hot gas water tube boilers not provided for in F22B1/1807 - F22B1/1861 the hot gas being loaded with particles, e.g. dust

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam generator comprising a first train with a combustion chamber and an evaporator and at least a second train with at least one superheater and / or at least one economizer. Furthermore, the invention relates to a plant for steam generation and a steam power plant.
  • Such steam generators are from the publications US7229833 B1 . US2003 / 185718 A1 . DE202007005195 U1 and US2008 / 251952 A1 known.
  • Steam generators are used in various industrial applications where steam is needed to drive machinery, generate electrical energy, heat transfer medium or process steam. In a steam generator pressure, temperature and amount of steam produced are designed so that they can be applied to the steam consumer, z. As a power plant turbine are tuned.
  • a known steam generator includes a first train with a combustion chamber with grate firing and evaporator arranged above. The upward flowing through the evaporator flue gases of grate firing to 180 ° in the second train of the steam generator deflected ("Leeryak"), they flow through downwards.
  • the steam generator described above has a total of technically very complicated to implement construction.
  • it is not possible with the proposed Umlenkabscheider in addition to coarse ash particles also deposit aerosols from the flue gases that condense predominantly on the tubes / harden and thus pollute them in a problematic way (caking, glazing, ..).
  • the non-deposited fine ash particles have to be removed from the flue gas stream consuming, for example, by arranged downstream of the steam generator in the flow direction.
  • the components present in the steam generator such as superheaters and economizers, are permanently exposed to the damaging effect of non-deposited aerosols.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a steam generator of the type mentioned above, which is characterized by a simplified construction as well as the ability to remove even the smallest particles, especially aerosols and fine fly ash particles from the flue gas stream, characterized.
  • the object is achieved with a steam generator according to claim 1.
  • the particular advantage of the steam generator according to the invention is that it is possible by the integration of a cyclone between the first and the second train, coarse as well as very fine particles or aerosols already deposited in the steam generator from the flue gas and thus an approximately particle-free gas for more Applications, such as use in a dryer, provide.
  • the almost complete cleaning of the flue gases also proves to be advantageous in that, for example, in the second train built evaporator, superheater, economizer and Heilvor Suiterbündel which use the heat of the flue gases for feedwater and / or air preheating, in ribbed construction and thus can be made much more compact, since the cleaned flue gases do not burden the surfaces of the superheater and / or economizer.
  • the steam generator according to the invention is characterized by a very simple and compact and thus inexpensive to be realized construction.
  • the evaporator of the first train of the steam generator comprises a water / steam-permeable pipe-web-pipe construction.
  • the steam generator according to the invention can be realized, for example, that the first and the second train of the steam generator with the interposed separator take the form of an inverted U, such that the first train is flowed through by the flue gases from the grate furnace and the second train of the flue gases are flowed through downwards.
  • the outflow region of the second train is connected via a Rezirkulationsgastechnisch with the combustion chamber, so that at least a portion of the cooled in the second train of the steam generator flue gases is recirculated as recirculation gas in the combustion chamber of the first train.
  • This allows a precise adjustment of the combustion chamber temperature and thus an optimized combustion process.
  • the combustion performance of the steam generator this is preferably designed such that the firing capacity is ⁇ 100 MW.
  • steam generators known from the prior art are usually operated with a fluidized bed furnace, in which such a "hot gas" cyclone belongs to the process concept.
  • the grate firing of the steam generator is supplied during operation with combustion air, preferably with primary and secondary combustion air.
  • At least one heat exchanger for preheating the combustion air is preferred thermal energy of the steam generated in the steam generator and / or provided to the steam generator recycled feedwater. This achieves a further increase in efficiency through optimized process heat utilization.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a plant for generating steam comprising at least one steam generator according to one of claims 1 to 6.
  • the above-mentioned advantages apply in an analogous manner to the plant for generating steam.
  • the system comprises a drying device.
  • the residual heat of the purified flue gases for drying for example, granular, fibrous or generally particulate material, in particular of chopped wood, sawdust, wood shavings, wood fibers, animal feed, cereals and the like can be used optimally.
  • the outflow region of the second train of the steam generator is preferably connected to the drying device via a flue gas line.
  • a task unit for discharging solid, particulate or fibrous fuel into the flue gas stream flowing into the drying device is provided on the hot gas line in front of the inlet opening of the drying device.
  • the discontinued in the flue gas fuel is thus transported by this through the drying device and thereby dried.
  • the residual heat of the flue gases is used to pre-dry the fuels used in the grate furnace and thus to optimize the energy input during operation of the plant for steam generation, as for the necessary drying of the fuel no separate energy must be expended.
  • a second separation device in particular a cyclone, for separating the dried fuel and also a conveyor is provided, by means of which the dried fuel for grate firing of the steam generator can be transported.
  • the conveyor may be formed for example as a pneumatic conveyor.
  • the system comprises a condenser heat exchanger in which a further heat transfer medium, in particular thermal oil, is heated. This also contributes to optimized process heat utilization.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a steam power plant comprising at least one steam turbine and a connected generator and a plant for generating steam according to one of claims 7 to 12.
  • a steam power plant comprising at least one steam turbine and a connected generator and a plant for generating steam according to one of claims 7 to 12.
  • the steam power plant additionally comprises at least one drying device of particulate material, in particular wood fibers and chips, wherein the at least one drying device can be heated by at least one heat exchanger through which steam can flow, in particular a condenser heat exchanger.
  • the heat contained in the steam for example the residual heat of the steam partially expanded in the turbine of the steam power plant, optimally used and the process efficiency thus further increased.
  • the in Fig. 1 Steam generator shown in schematic form comprises a first train 1 and a second train 2.
  • the first train 1 comprises a combustion chamber 11, which in turn has a grate furnace 12, and an evaporator 13.
  • the evaporator 13 is present - as in the prior art known - as a water / steam flowed pipe-web-pipe construction executed in what Fig. 1 is schematically represented by a plurality of parallel tubes 13a.
  • the feed water flowing through the tubes 13a is partly vaporized ( ⁇ 20%) and passed into a steam drum 14, where separation takes place between water and steam.
  • Steam traversed lines are each shown as dashed lines, while the Feedwater flowing through lines are shown as solid lines.
  • the second train 2 of the steam generator the Fig. 1
  • it comprises two steam superheaters 21 arranged one below the other and two economizers 22 arranged underneath. It is understood that the number of superheaters 21 and economizers 22 can be varied depending on the particular application.
  • the steam generated in the evaporator is overheated by the flue gases flowing through the second train 2 of the steam generator to a temperature of typically 450 ° C - 540 ° C depending on the fuel quality.
  • a separating device is arranged for the particulate-laden flue gases flowing out of the first train 1 of the steam generator, which in the present case is designed as a separating cyclone 3.
  • the separation cyclone With the help of the separation cyclone, not only coarse particles but also aerosols can be effectively removed (up to 98%) from the flue gases, and the cyclone has a positive effect on burnout of co-flowing, unburnt particles and carbon monoxide (CO).
  • the load on the heat exchanger surfaces of the superheater 21 and economizer 22 drops significantly during operation, resulting in a significantly increased service life of the components used.
  • the proportion of unburned fuel in the ash decreases as well as the CO emissions.
  • the separation cyclone 3 is arranged between the upper outlet end of the first train 1 and the upper inlet of the second train 2, so that the first and the second train 1, 2 of the steam generator are interposed therebetween arranged Abscheidezyklon 3 take the form of an inverted U. Accordingly, the first train 1 flows through the flue gases of the grate firing upwards and the second train 2 flows through the flue gases downwards.
  • the combustion chamber 11 of the first train 1 comprises a grate furnace 12 for solid fuels. These are fed via the line 7 into the combustion chamber 11.
  • the combustion air necessary for the combustion is injected as primary air via a line 15 into the combustion chamber 11 below the grate of the grate furnace 12 and introduced as secondary air via a line 16 into the combustion chamber 11 above the grate.
  • 15 heat exchangers 15a, b are provided in the primary air line, by means of which the primary air can be preheated.
  • the residual heat energy of the steam power plant connected downstream of the steam generator cf. Fig.
  • condensed feed water can be used, while in the heat exchanger 15 b, the heat energy of a partial flow of utztspannten steam is used to heat the primary air flow.
  • a (not shown in detail) burner is provided in the first train 1 of the steam generator, which is arranged in the region of the evaporator 13 and is fed via the line 13b with gaseous fuel. Likewise, a supply of this burner with dusty fuel is possible.
  • two lines 23, 24 are attached, via which by means of the blower 23a, 24a of the cooled to typically below 160 ° C flue gas stream from the second train 2 can be discharged.
  • Via line 24 it is possible to supply the flue gases to further applications, as described below in connection with FIG Fig. 2 will be described in detail.
  • Fig. 2 shows a plant for steam generation in a schematic representation. This first comprises a steam generator, as described above in detail. As in Fig. 2 recognizable, the steam generated in the evaporator 13 is passed in part through the superheater 21, but in the present case supplied to another part of a heat exchanger 4, in which the steam, another heat transfer medium, in particular thermal oil, heated, wherein it condenses. The backflowing under very high pressure (eg 90 bar) standing water is then fed back to the steam drum 14.
  • very high pressure eg 90 bar
  • the flue gases flowing out of the second train 2 of the steam generator via the line 24 in the present case flow through a drying device 5.
  • the particulate solid fuel provided for the grate firing 12 is conveyed via a Fig. 2 abandoned only as an arrow 5a task unit in the flue gas stream, whereupon it flows through the drying device 5 together with the flue gas stream and while releasing its residual moisture.
  • the now optimally dried fuel passes together with the flue gas stream in another cyclone separator 6, where it is separated from the flue gas stream and collected in a container 6 a.
  • the separated dried fuel passes by means of a, preferably pneumatic, promotion (arrow 7) to the combustion chamber 11 to be abandoned there on the grate of the grate furnace 12.
  • a, preferably pneumatic, promotion arrow 7
  • the energy input during operation of the plant for steam generation can be further reduced because the necessary drying of the fuel no longer has to be done with separate energy input, but is carried out by utilizing the residual heat of the flue gases.
  • the effluent from the cyclone 6 to typically cooled below 90 ° C flue gases are then a wet electrostatic filter 8 (see. Fig. 3 ).
  • Fig. 3 shows a steam power plant using the plant for steam generation described above in a schematic view.
  • the superheated steam from the superheaters 21 of the steam generator flows to a steam turbine 9, which is driven by the very hot steam (about 470 ° C, 85 bar).
  • the rotational energy of the steam turbine 9 is converted in a known manner via a connected generator 9a into electrical energy.
  • the completely relaxed wet steam (0.2 bar, 60 ° C) is fed to an air condenser 90, where it condenses. Subsequently, the condensate passes into a feedwater tank 92.
  • a heat exchanger 91 is arranged, in which the residual energy of the wet steam to a hot water flow (55 ° C) is discharged.
  • This hot water flow can be used to heat the primary and Secondary air for the grate furnace 12 of the steam generator via the heat exchangers 15a, 16a serve, as in connection with Fig. 1 already described.
  • the feedwater is finally returned via pumps 92a to the economizers 22 of the steam generator to be introduced from there into the evaporator, whereby the water vapor cycle is closed.
  • partially expanded steam (255 ° C., 12 bar) can be taken off from the turbine 9, which is fed via a line 94 to the heat exchangers 95a, 95b of further drying devices 95 (in FIG Fig. 3 For the sake of clarity, only one is shown).
  • the partially expanded steam condenses in the heat exchangers of the drying devices 95 and is subsequently fed back to the feedwater tank 12 via heat exchanger / expander registers 96, 97.
  • a conveying air stream which transports particulate material to be dried through the drying devices 95, preferably flows through the drying devices 95, the dried material then being fed to a separator column 98.
  • the overheated steam flowing from the superheaters 21 can also be passed bypassing the turbine 9 in the heat exchangers 95a, 95b of the drying devices 95, where it must pass an expansion valve 940, for example, by a pressure of 85 bar to 12 bar relaxed to become. From the relaxed steam of the line 94, finally, a further partial flow can be branched off (not shown), which can be used to heat the feedwater in a further heat exchanger 93.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
EP11172633.7A 2010-07-26 2011-07-05 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Heißgaserzeugung mit integrierter Erhitzung eines Wärmeträgermediums Active EP2412943B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL11172633T PL2412943T3 (pl) 2010-07-26 2011-07-05 Urządzenie i sposób wytwarzania gorącego gazu ze zintegrowanym podgrzewaniem medium przenoszącego ciepło

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010032266A DE102010032266A1 (de) 2010-07-26 2010-07-26 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Heißgaserzeugung mit integrierter Erhitzung eines Wärmeträgermediums

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2412943A2 EP2412943A2 (de) 2012-02-01
EP2412943A3 EP2412943A3 (de) 2016-07-13
EP2412943B1 true EP2412943B1 (de) 2018-04-18

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EP11172633.7A Active EP2412943B1 (de) 2010-07-26 2011-07-05 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Heißgaserzeugung mit integrierter Erhitzung eines Wärmeträgermediums

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2412943B1 (pl)
DE (1) DE102010032266A1 (pl)
ES (1) ES2670821T3 (pl)
HU (1) HUE037505T2 (pl)
PL (1) PL2412943T3 (pl)
TR (1) TR201807212T4 (pl)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3098548A1 (en) 2015-05-26 2016-11-30 Alstom Technology Ltd Lignite drying with closed loop heat pump
PL3098549T3 (pl) 2015-05-26 2018-12-31 General Electric Technology Gmbh Suszenie lignitu z użyciem obwodu odzyskiwania ciepła
EP3098397A1 (en) * 2015-05-26 2016-11-30 Alstom Technology Ltd Lignite drying integration with a water/steam power cycle
EP3098509A1 (en) 2015-05-26 2016-11-30 Alstom Technology Ltd Lignite drying in a lignite fired power plant with a heat pump
DE102017010984B4 (de) * 2017-11-28 2020-08-13 Nippon Steel & Sumikin Engineering Co., Ltd. Anlage zur Energieerzeugung bei der konventionellen Abfallverbrennung und Verfahren

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080251952A1 (en) * 2007-04-13 2008-10-16 Vladimir Havlena Steam-generator temperature control and optimization

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4833932B1 (pl) * 1969-07-16 1973-10-17
GB2155599B (en) * 1984-03-09 1988-10-12 Tsung-Hsien Kuo Improved refuse incineration system
SE515046C2 (sv) * 1999-10-12 2001-06-05 Vattenfall Ab Förfarande och inrättning för att medelst fotospektroskopi mäta koncentrationen av skadliga gaser i rökgaserna genom värmeproducerande anläggning
US6960329B2 (en) * 2002-03-12 2005-11-01 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Method and apparatus for removing mercury species from hot flue gas
DE202007005195U1 (de) * 2006-10-24 2007-07-05 Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Heißgasbetriebene Trocknungsvorrichtung

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080251952A1 (en) * 2007-04-13 2008-10-16 Vladimir Havlena Steam-generator temperature control and optimization

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102010032266A1 (de) 2012-01-26
TR201807212T4 (tr) 2018-06-21
EP2412943A2 (de) 2012-02-01
PL2412943T3 (pl) 2018-08-31
HUE037505T2 (hu) 2018-08-28
EP2412943A3 (de) 2016-07-13
ES2670821T3 (es) 2018-06-01

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