EP2401747B1 - Composant électrique et procédé de fabrication d'un composant électrique - Google Patents

Composant électrique et procédé de fabrication d'un composant électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2401747B1
EP2401747B1 EP09776414.6A EP09776414A EP2401747B1 EP 2401747 B1 EP2401747 B1 EP 2401747B1 EP 09776414 A EP09776414 A EP 09776414A EP 2401747 B1 EP2401747 B1 EP 2401747B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric
electric component
nanostructures
conductor
inner part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09776414.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2401747A1 (fr
Inventor
Jörg FINDEISEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2401747A1 publication Critical patent/EP2401747A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2401747B1 publication Critical patent/EP2401747B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
    • H01B1/24—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical component with an electrical conductor, wherein within the electrical conductor, a current path is predetermined with a current flow direction due to the connection of the ends of the electrical conductor to two electrical connection points within the electrical component. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing an electrical component with a conductor.
  • an electrical component in particular a transformer with a winding as an electrical conductor
  • the electrical conductors of the electrical component are made of an electrically conductive copper wire or of an aluminum foil.
  • the processing and manufacturing costs for the production of the electrical conductor and for introducing the electrical conductor into the electrical component is very high.
  • Component such as heat generation and delivery during operation.
  • the resulting during operation of the electrical component heat is ensured by means of known cooling configurations for electrical components, in particular transformers.
  • electrical components in particular transformers.
  • the use of heat-conducting materials around the heat-generating windings and the introduction of vertical cooling channels within the electrical component allow the circulation of an ambient medium inside and outside the electrical component and thus a heat transfer from the electrical component to the surrounding medium.
  • the electrical properties of the electrical conductor of the electrical component are also crucial.
  • some replacement materials for the electrical conductor such as copper or aluminum, are known, which have a similar or better electrical conductivity, such as copper or aluminum windings.
  • EP 1 246 205 A1 an electrically conductive nanocomposite material. Due to an intrinsic nanostructure matrix within a polymer, an electrically conductive composite body is produced according to the aforementioned patent application.
  • US 2003/096104 A1 discloses carbon nanotubes in various orientations in a matrix to obtain different anisotropic thermal and electrical properties.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an electrical component and a method for producing an electrical component, which ensures a reduced construction compared to conventional electrical components with simultaneously improved heat dissipation.
  • the electrical conductor has a mixture of carbon nanostructures with a preferred orientation with regard to the electrical conductivity along the direction of current flow and the heat arising during operation in the electrical conductor can be dissipated with an inner part to at least one outer surface of the electrical component, wherein the inner part a mixture of nanostructures with a preferred orientation with respect to the thermal conductivity on at least one of the outer surfaces of the electrical component comprises.
  • Nanostructures for the purposes of the present invention may be, in addition to carbon nanostructures, also other nanostructures, such as boron nitride nanostructures.
  • the electrical component can be designed smaller and at the same time the associated increased or worse Heat dissipation be ensured by an overall improved thermal conductivity of the inner part and thus of the electrical component.
  • the inner part of the electrical component at least partially surrounds the electrical conductor.
  • the inner part at least partially electrically isolates the electrical conductor.
  • the inner part of the electrical component forms not only as a connection for heat dissipation to at least one of the outer surfaces of the electrical component, but also serves for electrical insulation of the electrical conductor on the basis of a nanostructure. An additional expense for the insulation of the electrical conductor is eliminated when using the inner part as an insulator.
  • the inner part comprises a semiconductive shield arranged around the electrical conductor.
  • a semiconductive shield arranged around the electrical conductor.
  • the inner part forms at least one of the outer surfaces of the electrical component and has a structured surface for improved heat dissipation to the surrounding medium.
  • the formation of ribs and wavy surfaces serves to increase the heat-emitting surface and thus improves the heat transfer from the electrical component to the surrounding medium.
  • the inner part comprises a polymer, wherein in the polymer, the mixture of carbon nanostructures and / or nanostructures can be introduced.
  • the carbon nanostructures with a preferred orientation with respect to the electrical conductivity a mixture of nanostructures with a preferred orientation with respect to the thermal conductivity.
  • an outer surface of the electrical component in direct contact with the inner part may have a moisture and / or dirt-repellent nanostructure.
  • the use of a film as a polymer can be applied to the inner part, so that the electrically conductive and / or thermally conductive and / or moisture / dirt-repellent properties of the carbon nanostructures and / or nanostructures can be applied to the inner part, in particular adhesively bonded.
  • the electrical conductor exclusively of a mixture of carbon nanostructures having a preferred orientation with respect to electrical conductivity along the direction of current flow.
  • the exclusive use of carbon nanostructures makes it possible to dispense with previously conventionally used conductor materials, such as copper and aluminum.
  • the concentration of the mixture of carbon nanostructures and / or nanostructures within the conductor of the electrical component varies. This results in the possibility of adjusting the concentration and orientation of the mixture of carbon nanostructures and / or nanostructures to the required current density and / or heat flux density.
  • the concentration of the mixture of carbon nanostructures and / or nanostructures in mechanically stressed regions within the conductor is increased.
  • This offers the advantage that due to the good mechanical strength properties of the carbon nanostructures and / or nanostructures mechanical forces occurring within the conductor can be well received or forwarded.
  • the inclusion of short-term high short-circuit forces within the conductor can be absorbed by appropriate concentration of the mixture of carbon nanostructures and / or nanostructures and thus damage to the conductor or even the electrical component can be avoided.
  • mechanical tension elements can be formed within the conductor and thus static forces, such as, for example, the weight force, can be forwarded to fastening elements located outside the conductor.
  • the resulting heat with an inner part to at least one outer surface of the electrical component can be dissipated, the inner part of a mixture of Nanostructures with a preferred orientation with respect to the thermal conductivity is formed on at least one of the outer surfaces of the electrical component.
  • the electrical conductor is embedded in a support structure, in particular a polyamide structure, wherein in the support structure, the mixture of nanostructures with a preferred orientation of the thermal conductivity is embedded at least in contact with one of the outer surfaces of the electrical component ,
  • the mixture of carbon nanostructures and / or nanostructures is advantageously embedded in the support structure, in particular in a polyamide, by means of electrophoresis.
  • electrophoresis the concentration and the local distribution of the carbon nanostructures and / or nanostructures within the support structure can be specified in a targeted and very precise manner.
  • a semiconducting shield is also integrated into the support structure as part of the inner part.
  • the conductors 5a, windings or winding parts formed from the carbon nanostructures 3 are preferably embedded in a polyamide.
  • the inner part 2a comprises a semiconducting shield 10. This is followed by a layer of a mixture of nanostructures 6 with a preferred orientation with respect to the thermal conductivity on at least one of the outer surfaces 9 of the electrical component 1a, 1b, 1c of the inner part 2a.
  • a mixture of nanostructures 6 with low electrical but high thermal conductivity is used, for example boron nitride carbon nanostructures.
  • FIG. 2 A half-side sectional drawing of an electrical component 1a with two inner parts 2a, 2b and combined carbon nanostructure 3 and nanostructure 6 is shown in FIG FIG. 2 shown.
  • the inner parts 2a, 2b have a layered structure of the electrical conductors 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f of a mixture of carbon nanostructures 3 with a preferred orientation with respect to the electrical conductivity along the direction of current flow.
  • Between the electrical conductors 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f is a mixture of nanostructures 6 with a preferred orientation with respect to the thermal conductivity on at least one of the outer surfaces 9 of the electrical component 1a, 1b, 1c comprises.
  • a cooling channel 7a for additional cooling of the electrical components 2a, 2b is arranged between the inner parts 2a, 2b.
  • FIG. 3 shows a half-side sectional view with two inner parts 2a, 2b and combined electrical windings 5a, 5b and thermally conductive nanostructures 6 of an electrical component 1a.
  • winding conductors 5a, 5b are embedded with electrically conductive carbon nanostructures 3.
  • FIG. 4 A half-side sectional drawing with three inner parts 2a, 2b, 2c and defined electrically and thermally conductive carbon nanostructure 3 with nanostructure 6 is shown in FIG FIG. 4 shown.
  • the inner parts 2a, 2b, 2c are designed as cylinders and consist of a mixture with thermally conductive nanostructures 6.
  • the cylinders have bays to one of the outer surfaces 9 of the electrical component 1a into which the mixture of electrically conductive carbon nanostructures 3 is introduced and thus an electric Ladder 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f forms.
  • the thus formed electrical windings 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f of the individual internal parts 2a, 2b, 2c can be electrically connected by means of electrical connectors 8.
  • the individual inner parts 2a, 2b, 2c are spaced apart relative to one another, so that the intermediate spaces thus created serve as cooling channels 7a, 7b.
  • FIG. 5 shows a representation of the electrical and thermally conductive microscopic carbon nanostructure 3 with nanostructure 6 within the inner part 2a.
  • Conductors or winding parts formed from electrically conductive carbon nanostructures 3 preferably oriented in the direction of current flow 5a form a first region within the microscopic structure of the inner part 2a.
  • Thermally conductive nanostructures 6 with high thermal conductivity, preferably in the direction of the desired heat flow, form secondary regions that are clearly separated within the microscopic structure.
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional drawing of the surface structure and in the FIG. 7 a sectional view of the surface structure with a dirt-repellent nanostructure coating on one of the outer surface 9 of the electrical component 2a shown.
  • rib structure 8 are inventively designed so that thermally conductive nanostructures 6 with very good thermal conductivity and high electrical resistance not only in the potting compound of the winding 5a (not shown) are introduced, but are arranged so that they transport the heat into the cooling fins. 8 take.
  • the density of the thermally conductive nanostructures 6 is expediently in the transition zone to the rib 8 particularly high in order to achieve a favorable ratio of increasing the rib efficiency to the cost of the thermally conductive nanostructures 6.
  • the introduction of dirt and / or moisture-repellent nanostructures 11 on the outer surface 9 of the potting compound is possible; similar to so-called easy-toclean coatings). In special cases, this can also take place by means of a film containing dirt and moisture-repellent nanostructures 11 or a lacquer containing dirt and moisture-repellent nanostructures 11. If the electrical components 1a used under water, it comes to a very favorable cooling, so that additional cooling devices can be omitted.
  • the coating with a dirt and moisture-repellent nanostructures 11 prevents the above-mentioned surface processes.
  • FIG. 8 shows a plan view of three electrical components 1a, 1b, 1c combined to a three-phase transformer.
  • the Cores 4 (not visible) are connected by a yoke.
  • the inner and the outer side of the winding body as electrical components 1a, 1b, 1c are coated with a thermally conductive nanostructures 6.
  • novel combination of different carbon nanostructures 3 and nanostructures 6, 11 and as electrical components 2 a, 2 b, 2 c, 5 a, 5 b, 5 c, 5 d, 5 e, 5 f of the electrical component 1 a, 1 b, 2 b affords the possibility of forming the carbon nanostructures 3 and to arrange nanostructures 6, 11 on the basis of different dopings, orientations and spatial distributions in a matrix and thus to provide a compact electrical component.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique ayant un conducteur ( 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ) électrique, dans lequel il est prescrit à l'intérieur du conducteur ( 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ) électrique un trajet de courant ayant un sens de conduction du courant en raison du raccordement des extrémités du conducteur ( 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ) électrique à deux points électriques de raccordement à l'intérieur du composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le conducteur ( 15a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ) électrique comporte un mélange de nanostructures ( 3) de carbone ayant une orientation préférée par rapport à la conductivité électrique le long du sens de conduction du courant et la chaleur se créant pendant le fonctionnement dans le conducteur ( 15a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ) électrique peut être évacuée par une partie (2a, 2b, 2c) intérieure sur au moins une surface ( 9 ) extérieure du composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique, la partie ( 9 ) intérieure comprenant sur au moins l'une des surfaces ( 9 ) extérieure du composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique un mélange de nanostructures ( 6 ) ayant une orientation préférée par rapport à la conductibilité thermique.
  2. Composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie ( 2a, 2b, 2c ) intérieure enferme au moins en partie le conducteur (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f) électrique.
  3. Composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la partie ( 2a, 2b, 2c ) intérieure isole électriquement au moins en partie le conducteur électrique.
  4. Composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la partie ( 2a, 2b, 2c ) intérieure comprend un blindage ( 10 ) électrique disposé autour du conducteur ( 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ) électrique.
  5. Composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la partie ( 2a, 2b, 2c ) intérieure forme au moins l'une des surfaces ( 9 ) extérieures du composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique et a une surface ( 8 ) structurée pour améliorer la chaleur cédée à un milieu ambiant.
  6. Composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'une des surfaces ( 9 ) extérieures du composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique est revêtue d'une nanostructure ( 11 ) ayant des propriétés repoussant l'humidité et/ou la saleté..
  7. Composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique suivant l'une des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la partie ( 2a, 2b, 2c ) intérieure comprend un polymère, des nanostructures ( 3 ) de carbone et/ou des nanostructures ( 6, 11 ) pouvant être incorporées dans le polymère.
  8. Composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le polymère peut être mis sous la forme d'une feuille sur la partie ( 2a, 2b, 2c ). intérieure.
  9. Composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le conducteur ( 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ) électrique comprend exclusivement le mélange de nanostructures ( 3 ) de carbone ayant une orientation préférée par rapport à la conductivité électrique le long du sens de conduction du courant.
  10. Composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la concentration du mélange de nanostructures ( 3 ) de carbone et/ou de nanostructures ( 6, 11 ) varie à l'intérieur du conducteur ( 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ).
  11. Composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la concentration du mélange de nanostructures ( 3 ) de carbone et/ou de nanostructures ( 6, 11 ) est augmentée à l'intérieur du conducteur ( 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ) dans des régions sollicitées mécaniquement.
  12. Composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique est un transformateur, une bobine de self ou une bobine et le conducteur ( 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ) électrique comprend au moins une fraction d'enroulement.
  13. Procédé de fabrication d'un composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique ayant un conducteur ( 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ) électrique dans lequel il est formé à l'intérieur du conducteur ( 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ) un trajet de courant ayant un sens de conduction du courant en raison du raccordement des extrémités du conducteur ( 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ) électrique à deux points de raccordement à l'intérieur du composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique et la chaleur se créant pendant le fonctionnement dans le conducteur ( 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ) électrique peut être évacuée par une partie ( 2a, 2b, 2c ) intérieure sur au moins une surface ( 9 ) extérieure du composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique, la partie ( 2a, 2b, 2c ) intérieure étant formée, sur au moins l'une des surfaces ( 9 ) extérieures du composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique, d'un mélange de nanostructures ( 6 ) ayant une orientation préférée par rapport à la conductibilité thermique.
  14. Procédé suivant la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le conducteur ( 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ) électrique est incorporé dans une structure support notamment une structure en polyamide, dans lequel le mélange de nanostructures ( 6 ), ayant une orientation préférée par rapport à la conductibilité thermique, est incorporé à au moins l'une des surfaces ( 9 ) extérieures du composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique.
  15. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 13 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'un blindage ( 10 ) semi-conducteur est intégré dans la structure support comme élément constitutif de la partie ( 2a, 2b, 2c ) intérieure.
  16. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 13 à 15, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des surfaces ( 9 ) extérieure du composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique est revêtue d'une nanostructure ( 11 ) ayant des propriétés repoussant l'humidité et/ou la saleté.
  17. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 13 à 16, caractérisé en ce que le mélange de nanostructures ( 3 ) de carbone et/ou de nanostructures ( 6, 11 ) est incorporé de manière définie dans la structure support au moyen d'une électrophorèse.
  18. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 13 à 17, pour la fabrication d'un composant ( 1a, 1b, 1c ) électrique suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 12.
EP09776414.6A 2009-02-27 2009-02-27 Composant électrique et procédé de fabrication d'un composant électrique Not-in-force EP2401747B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2009/001606 WO2010097099A1 (fr) 2009-02-27 2009-02-27 Composant électrique et procédé de fabrication d'un composant électrique

Publications (2)

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EP2401747A1 EP2401747A1 (fr) 2012-01-04
EP2401747B1 true EP2401747B1 (fr) 2014-04-30

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US (1) US20110309903A1 (fr)
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US8904517B2 (en) * 2011-06-28 2014-12-02 International Business Machines Corporation System and method for contexually interpreting image sequences

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US6225565B1 (en) * 1999-06-07 2001-05-01 The Untied States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Flexible cable providing EMI shielding
SE0001748D0 (sv) * 2000-03-30 2000-05-12 Abb Ab Induktionslindning
KR100404187B1 (ko) * 2000-07-08 2003-11-01 엘지전자 주식회사 카본 나노 튜브 또는 카본 나노 화이바를 이용한 인덕터
JP4697829B2 (ja) * 2001-03-15 2011-06-08 ポリマテック株式会社 カーボンナノチューブ複合成形体及びその製造方法
WO2004023845A1 (fr) * 2002-08-02 2004-03-18 Nanotech Co., Ltd. Unites de rechauffement plates contenant des nanotubes de carbone
JP4337396B2 (ja) * 2003-05-14 2009-09-30 東レ株式会社 異方性高分子コンポジット膜
KR100529112B1 (ko) * 2003-09-26 2005-11-15 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 다공성 열전달 시트를 갖는 디스플레이 장치
US7709732B2 (en) * 2006-12-12 2010-05-04 Motorola, Inc. Carbon nanotubes litz wire for low loss inductors and resonators
WO2008136912A1 (fr) * 2007-05-07 2008-11-13 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Feuilles de polymère et autres corps comportant des chaînes orientées, et procédé et appareil de production associé

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WO2010097099A1 (fr) 2010-09-02
US20110309903A1 (en) 2011-12-22

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