EP2397633A2 - Device for spring assisted pivoting of a flap or door and method for producing such a device - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a torsion bar spring system (1) comprising parallel torsion bar springs that are arranged in a meander-type shape and connected with each other in a torque-proof manner. One of the torsion bar springs is designed as a lever torsion bar spring (1a) and the other torsion bar spring is designed as a bearing-torsion bar spring (1c). The lever spring is connected with a lever (6) that is guided into a cam of an adjusting link (3). A setting device (2) is connected with the bearing spring in a torque-proof manner and variably fixed against a bearing support (4). An independent claim is also included for a method for manufacturing a device for spring-supported pivoting of a flap or door against gravitational force between a closing position and an opening position.

Description

Device for spring-assisted, in particular supported by a torsion spring system, pivoting a flap or door against gravity between a closed position and an open position with an adjustment for (re) adjusting the torque to be delivered by the torsion spring system, and method for producing such a device.

Devices of the type mentioned are used in motor vehicle to reduce the actuation forces when pivoting a flap or door against gravity between a closed position and an open position and optionally for latching the flap or door in one or more open positions.

Various devices for spring-assisted pivoting a flap or door are in the WO 2010/025817 A1 shown. The embodiment has proven particularly advantageous Fig. 1 proven in which a plurality of torsion springs are arranged parallel and meandering and rotatably biased together in a torsion spring system. One of the outer torsion bar springs is rotatably mounted in a bearing block, while the other is rotatably connected to one end of a variable-length lever. The other end of the variable-length lever is guided in a control link and is also in engagement with a coupling rod whose translational movement is transferable to a rotationally movable flap or door hinge. By the in the control gate guided variable-length lever can be introduced depending on the opening angle of the flap or door a corresponding counter-torque in the flap or door hinge, which counteracts the torque caused by the weight of the flap or door.

The disadvantage is that the fine adjustment of the bias of the torsion bar spring system and thus also of the counterbalanced by the torsion bar system counterweight, during assembly of the device and especially after a successful installation in a vehicle is only very cumbersome. As a result, any tolerances of the components, such as the flap or the torsion bar spring system, or a relaxation of the torsion springs can be compensated only insufficient.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device for spring-assisted pivoting of a flap or door, which offers a simple and cost-effective option for (subsequent) adjustment of the preload of the torsion bar spring system, and to provide a method for producing such a device.

This object is solved by the features of patent claims 1 and 6, respectively.

Device for spring-assisted pivoting of a flap or door against gravity between a closed position and an open position, comprising a torsion bar system of parallel meander-shaped and non-rotatably interconnected torsion bars, each one designed as a bearing torsion bar spring and a lever torsion spring outer torsion bar in a bearing block a Nachführkulisse are stored, wherein the lever torsion bar is rotatably connected to a guided in a cam of the Nachführkulisse variable length lever, which acts on a translationally movable coupling rod, which can move a flap or door associated hinge lever and wherein an adjustment rotatably with the bearing torsion bar connected and variable relative to the bearing block can be fixed.

By an adjusting means rotatably connected to the bearing torsion spring, by adjusting the actuator, in particular by a rotation of the same, resulting from the torsion of the individual torsion springs bias of the entire torsion bar system can be adjusted. If a desired value of the bias voltage is reached, the adjusting device can be fixed permanently or temporarily in the corresponding position relative to the bearing block. If temporarily fixed, the preload can still be adjusted as needed. The adjusting device allows the adaptation of the torque output of the torsion bar spring system to the connected via the lever torsion spring Nachführkulisse. The Nachführkulisse contains a transmission arrangement of the type of a swinging transmission, which translates the linear torque output of the torsion spring system in a curvy, preferably curved, torque curve on the hinge lever. The weight moment of the flap or door varies along the pivoting path due to the changing center of gravity. Thus, the weight moment increases starting from the closed position until a maximum weight moment is reached in a substantially horizontal position of the flap or door. In a further pivoting towards the open position, the weight momentum decreases again. The linear torque curve of the torsion bar system can be adapted by the specific design of the control cam to a torque curve to support the flap or door, so that, for example, a self-retention of the flap or door can be generated in any open position or different acceleration phases along the Verschwenkwegs. The change in the lever arm length of the variable-length lever is effected by its one-sided guidance in the control curve, for example by means of a sliding block designed as a guide body. The physical length of the variable length lever does not change, but only the distance between the defined by the lever torsion spring axis of rotation in the control curve guided guide body, as this also attacks the coupling rod to the hinge lever. Thus, essentially the mechanically effective lever arm length is variable by the guide body, for example, in a slot is movable or the guide body can slide along the variable-length lever. The coupling rod engages the hinge lever so that the longitudinal axis of the coupling rod does not extend through the axis of rotation of the hinge lever, so that the translational pushing or pulling movement of the coupling rod results in a rotational movement of the hinge lever about its axis of rotation. In order to support a tailgate in a vehicle, two such devices are preferably arranged in the roof region of the vehicle such that one device in each case acts on an upper edge region of the tailgate. The device is also suitable for actuating a door arranged on the side of the vehicle, preferably a scissors door, which can be pivoted about a substantially horizontal axis of rotation extending transversely to the vehicle.

In a preferred embodiment, the adjusting device has a setting lever, which engages with its one end at least temporarily rotationally fixed to the bearing torsion bar spring. By means of an adjustment lever, an adjustment of the bearing torsion bar spring can take place with a particularly low expenditure of force. Furthermore, the adjusting lever can be easily fixed relative to the bearing block. The adjustment needs to be rotatably connected only during the adjustment process with the bearing torsion spring and can be omitted after the adjustment of the bias and the fixing of the bearing torsion spring in the appropriate position.

In a preferred embodiment, the adjusting lever has at its other end an adjusting screw, which is supported relative to the bearing block. By having the adjusting lever at its other end a thread with a screwed adjusting screw, can be carried out by a support of the screw head relative to the bearing block a particularly easy subsequent adjustment of the torsion bar system. In addition, a weighing wedge can be arranged between the screw head and the bearing block be, which forms a better bearing surface at different angles of rotation of the adjusting lever.

In a preferred embodiment, the adjusting lever at its other end to a rotatable clamping angle, wherein the angled portion of the clamping angle engages at a variable distance below the bearing block. If a clamping angle engages on the other end of the adjusting lever in a rotationally movable manner, the different angles of rotation of the adjusting lever can be compensated for by guiding the clamping angle essentially perpendicular to the underside of the bearing block. The angled portion of the clamping angle engages under the bearing block, wherein the distance between the bearing block and the angled portion by suitable measures, for example by an adjusting screw which is supported against an underside of the bearing block, can be varied. Thereby, the distance of the angled portion of the clamping angle to the underside of the bearing block and thus the angle of rotation of the adjusting lever can be permanently and easily adjusted.

By the adjusting screws of the adjusting support on the underside of the bearing block, an adjustment of the torsion spring system can also be done after installation in a roof area of the vehicle from the vehicle interior. This results in the best possible flexibility in terms of manufacturing and installation tolerances, as well as various flap or door embodiments.

• Drehfestes Verbinden der Drehstabfedern mittels Koppelelementen, wobei durch die Torsion der inneren Drehstäbe bei der Anordnung des Drehstabfedersystems in einer Ebene ein erstes Teilmoment erreicht ist;
• Einführen der Hebel-Drehstabfeder und der Lager-Drehstabfeder in entsprechende Lagersitze des Lagerbocks;
• Drehfestes Verbinden der Hebel-Drehstabfeder mit dem längenveränderlichen Hebel, Verschwenken des längenveränderlichen Hebels bis ein zweites Teilmoment des Drehstabfedersystems erreicht ist und temporäres Festsetzen des längenveränderlichen Hebels gegenüber dem Lagerbock;
• Drehfestes Verbinden der Lager-Drehstabfeder mit der Einstelleinrichtung, Verschwenken der Einstelleinrichtung bis ein Soll-Gesamtmoment des Drehstabfedersystems erreicht ist und Festsetzen der Einstelleinrichtung oder der Lager-Drehstabfeder.

Method for producing a device according to the invention, comprising the following steps:

• Rotationally connecting the torsion bars by means of coupling elements, wherein the torsion of the inner torsion bars in the arrangement of the torsion bar system in a plane, a first partial torque is achieved;
• Inserting the lever torsion spring and the bearing torsion spring into corresponding bearing seats of the bearing block;
• Non-rotatably connecting the lever torsion spring with the variable-length lever, pivoting the variable-length lever is achieved until a second part of the moment torque torsion spring system and temporarily setting the variable-length lever relative to the bearing block;
• Non-rotatably connecting the bearing torsion bar spring with the adjuster, pivoting the adjuster until a desired total torque of the torsion bar system is achieved, and locking the adjuster or bearing torsion bar spring.

By applying the above method of manufacturing a device for spring-assisted pivoting of a flap or door, manufacturing tolerances can be particularly easily compensated.
In a first step, the torsion bar system is constructed, with initially only the inner torsion bars are twisted to a first partial torque and thus biased. The first partial torque preferably results from the proportion of the two reduced number of installed torsion bar springs, so the inner torsion springs, at the target total torque. The construction of the torsion bar spring system can take place in one plane, wherein a first torsion bar torsion and then connected via the coupling element, a next torsion bar spring is connected, which is then also twisted. This procedure is repeated until all torsion bars are connected and the inner torsion bars are twisted. If a construction of the torsion bar spring system is preferred in which the torsion bar springs need not be twisted during assembly of the torsion bar system, the torsion bar springs are at a defined angle to each other, preferably circular, to arrange. The torsion bar suspension system thus obtained spans during the propagation in a plane by itself to the desired first partial torque.

In a second step, the torsion bar system is mounted to the Nachführkulisse by the outer torsion springs are inserted into the openings provided, the bearing seats for the torsion springs of the bearing block. The torsion bar spring system can no longer relax and remains biased to the first part torque.
In a third step, the lever torsion spring is rotatably connected to the variable-length lever and biased by its rotation to a second partial torque. The second partial torque preferably results from the proportion of the reduced by one number of installed torsion bar springs, so the inner torsion bars and the lever torsion bar spring, the target total torque. The variable-length lever should be placed on the lever torsion bar spring, that this is in the desired position with respect to the control curve, preferably centrally in this required after reaching the second part of the torque.
In a fourth step, the bearing torsion bar spring is rotatably connected to the adjustment and the torsion bar system is biased by the rotation of the target total torque. The target total torque can be measured for example via a load cell on the coupling rod and corresponds to the required counter-torque for preferably largely compensation of the weight torque of the flap or door
In further steps, the installation of the remaining components of the device, such as the coupling element, the hinge lever, et cetera.

In a preferred embodiment, the torsion springs are positively or materially connectable to the coupling elements, wherein the Nachführkulisse opposite coupling elements are pivotally mounted in a bearing web. The positive connection of the torsion springs with the coupling elements allows a flexible and simple construction of the torsion bar spring system, while the cohesive connection, for example by welding, a particularly compact construction of the torsion bar system allows. In order to avoid unwanted vibrations and pivotal movements of the Nachführkulisse opposite free end of the torsion bar system, the coupling elements are rotatably mounted in a bearing web.

In a preferred embodiment, the coupling elements are elongated and are at a half opening angle between the closed position and the open position of the flap or door horizontally. Thus, the coupling elements rotate starting from the middle position of the flap or door as it were in both directions, which keeps the load of the torsion bars evenly and ensures a better space utilization in the vehicle.

In a preferred embodiment, the variable-length lever is positively connected to the lever torsion bar spring and temporarily fixable with a locking pin relative to the bearing block. If the variable-length lever is fixed with a securing pin relative to the bearing block, the device can already be prestressed before installation in a vehicle. If the device is loaded by the torque of the flap or door, the locking pin can be pulled and the torsion bar system is released.

In a preferred embodiment, the adjusting device can be connected in a material-locking manner to the bearing block. A device according to the invention can be produced in a particularly simple manner if the adjusting device is fastened to the bearing block in a material-locking manner, in particular by welding, after the adjustment process has been completed. The bearing torsion bar spring may be provided for this purpose with an element, such as a hex nut, on which a power operated wrench engages a torque sensor which rotates the bearing torsion bar spring to the desired total torque of the torsion bar system. The hexagon nut can be welded to the bearing block after the adjustment process.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings.

• Fig. 1 zwei verschiedene Zustände des Drehstabfedersystems;
• Fig. 2 eine Gesamtansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum federunterstützten Verschwenken einer Klappe oder Tür;
• Fig. 3 eine Ansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Einstelleinrichtung für eine erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
• Fig. 4 eine Ansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer Einstelleinrichtung für eine erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.

Show:

• Fig. 1 two different states of the torsion bar system;
• Fig. 2 an overall view of a device according to the invention for spring assisted pivoting a flap or door;
• Fig. 3 a view of a first embodiment of an adjusting device for a device according to the invention;
• Fig. 4 a view of a second embodiment of an adjusting device for a device according to the invention.

According to Fig. 1 a torsion bar spring system 1, consisting of a plurality of parallel and meandering arranged and non-rotatably interconnected via coupling elements 15 torsion springs 1 a, 1 b and 1 c, for a device for spring assisted pivoting a flap or door, are constructed in at least two geometric configurations. The left figure shows a torsion bar system 1, which has a circular arrangement of the individual torsion springs 1 a, 1 b and 1 c to each other, in which the individual torsion bars 1 a, 1 b and 1 c are present in a subordinate, relaxed state. If the torsion bar spring system 1 is clamped under pressure into a plane A, as shown in the right-hand illustration, the inner torsion bar springs 1b mutually twist due to the non-rotatable connection and are henceforth under prestress. The outer torsion bar springs, here the lever torsion bar spring 1a and the bearing torsion bar spring 1c, are not twisted and relaxed in this configuration. These are also longer than the inner torsion bar springs 1 b, so that they with their ends in one, in the Fig. 2-4 shown, Nachführkulisse 3 can be introduced. Preferably, all the torsion springs 1 a, 1 b and 1 c executed as equal parts, wherein the extension of the outer torsion bar springs 1 a and 1 c by attaching extension pieces 21 takes place. The coupling elements 15 can be plugged onto the ends of the torsion springs 1 a, 1 b and 1 c positively or with these cohesively, for example by welding, are connected. The construction of such a torsion spring system 1 can be done either in the circular or in the planar configuration. When constructing a torsion bar spring system 1 in the circular configuration, the torsion bar springs 1a, 1b and 1c may be left unthreaded during assembly. The bias of the entire torsion bar system 1 results later by the clamping of the circular arrangement on the plane A. When constructing a torsion bar system 1 in the planar configuration, each inner torsion spring 1 b must be pre-ordered individually before the next can be attached via a coupling element 15. It is advisable to attack with suitable means directly to the coupling elements 15 and to produce by twisting this a torsion of the respective torsion spring 1 b.

In the Fig. 2 a device according to the invention for spring-assisted pivoting of a flap or door 8 is shown, as it is suitable for installation in a vehicle. For this purpose, preferably two symmetrically constructed devices are installed in a roof area of the vehicle, so that they can each attack on an upper edge region of the flap or door 8. Each torsion bar spring system 1 of the two devices preferably protrudes into the roof area up to half the width of the vehicle body, so that two of the devices shown can be arranged next to one another. The device consists essentially of a torsion bar spring system 1, as already described in the Fig. 1 is shown, a Nachführkulisse 3 with adjusting device 2 for pivoting a flap attached to a hinged lever 9 or door 8. The Nachführkulisse 3 has a bearing block 4, which serves as a housing for the Nachführkulisse 3. In the bearing block 4 protrude the lever torsion spring 1 a and the bearing torsion spring 1c and are rotatably supported by this. At the lever torsion bar 1 a is arranged within the bearing block 4 variable-length lever 6 with its one end arranged non-rotatably. The other end of the variable-length lever 6 has, as in the Fig. 3 and 4 can be seen a sliding block 17, which is guided in a control cam 5 of the bearing block 4. The Gleitsteinanordnung 17 is composed of a sliding block 17a, which is mounted longitudinally displaceably on a slide 20 of the variable-length lever 6, and a rotatably received by the sliding block 17a roller 17b together. The roller 17b is guided almost free of play in the control cam 5, so that it follows the contour of the control cam 5 and the sliding block 17a along the slide 20 moves. The mobility of the sliding block 17a may alternatively be achieved by a slot or by elastic mounting of the sliding block 17a on or in the variable-length lever 6. On the sliding block 17a engages with one end to a coupling rod 7, which is led out by sealing by a sealing sleeve 18 from the bearing block 4 and connected at the opposite end to the hinge lever 9. The longitudinal axis C of the coupling rod 7 does not cross the axis of rotation B of the hinge lever 9, so that the translational movement of the coupling rod 7 merges into a rotational movement of the hinge lever 9, which leads to a pivoting of the hinged lever 9 associated flap or door 8 and vice versa. The opening through which the coupling rod 7 is led out of the bearing block 4 may be sealed by a sealing collar 18. On the bearing torsion spring 1c attacks an adjustment 2, which inter alia on the in the Fig. 3 and 4 shown types can be executed. The adjusting device 2 is used for fine adjustment of the bias of the torsion spring system 1 before or during assembly of the device or the installation of the device in the vehicle. In a preferred embodiment, the fixing of the adjusting device 2 can be temporarily canceled again after the assembly or installation of the device, so that an adjustment of the bias of the torsion bar spring system 1 can be made for maintenance purposes. In the present illustration, the adjusting device 2 has a with its one end non-rotatably connected to the bearing torsion spring 1 c adjustment lever 10, on whose other end an adjusting screw 11 engages, which is supported relative to the bearing block 4. The rotation of the adjusting screw 11 leads to a pivoting of the adjusting lever 10, which in turn has a torsional change of the connected torsion springs 1a, 1b and 1 c result. The torsion bar spring system 1 has a parallel and meander-shaped arrangement of non-rotatably via elongated coupling elements 15 end-side interconnected torsion bars 1 a, 1 b and 1 c. The torsion bar spring system 1 is biased and the coupling elements 15 are at a half Verschwenkweg the flap or door 8 between the closed position and the open position preferably in a horizontal position, so that these in a pivoting of the flap or door 8 over half Verschwenkweg in both directions the same, by the torsion of the torsion springs 1 a, 1b and 1 c conditional, sweep angle of rotation. The torsion bar spring system 1 is supported by the coupling elements 15 on the side opposite the Nachführkulisse 3 for better stabilization in a bearing bar 16 by the coupling elements 15 are rotatably connected, for example, with centrally located pins to the bearing bar 16. The asked by the torsion bar spring system 1 on the lever torsion spring 1 a available and from the bias resulting linear torsion is converted via the kinematics contained in the Nachführkulisse 3 so that, depending on the Verschwenkweg the flap or door 8 a Torsionsmoment adapted as a the torque of the flap or door 8 counteracting counter-torque is provided on the hinge lever 9. As a result, the operating forces of the flap or door 8 can be greatly reduced, up to a latching of the flap or door 8 in any position along the Verschwenkwegs.

The Fig. 3 and the Fig. 4 each show a Nachführkulisse 3 with connected torsion bar spring system 1 and different adjusters 2. Both embodiments in common is already in Fig. 1 shown torsion bar spring system 1, consisting of a plurality of parallel and meander-shaped torsion bar springs 1 a, 1 b and 1 c, which are rotatably connected to each other with end-side coupling elements 15. The outside Lever torsion spring 1 a and bearing torsion spring 1 c are on one side of the torsion spring system 1 longer than the inner torsion springs 1 b, so that they can protrude into the, the housing of the Nachführkulisse 3 forming bearing block 4. The lever torsion spring 1 a is connected to one end of a variable-length lever 6, the other end has a sliding block 17. This consists of a sliding block 17a, which is slidably mounted on a slide 20 of the variable length lever 6 in the longitudinal direction, and two on both sides of pins of the sliding block 17a arranged rollers 17b, which are almost free of play in corresponding cams 5 out. The orientation of the slide track 20 essentially follows the physically effective lever arm of the variable-length lever 6, which need not necessarily correspond to the physical lever arm. Thus, the variable-length lever 6 in addition to straight forms of levers also take cranked or angled lever forms. The control cam 5 is incorporated either in the wall of the bearing block 4 ( Fig. 4 ) or for ease of interchangeability as an additional module installed in the bearing block 4 ( Fig. 3 ). On the sliding block 17a further engages a coupling rod 7, which is led out through an opening of the bearing block 4 from the Nachführkulisse 3. The opening may be sealed by a gasket 18. The variable-length lever 6 can be temporarily fixed with a locking pin 19 relative to the bearing block 4, which may be necessary, for example, during transport of the assembled device.

The adjusting device 2 in Fig. 3 consists of a with its one end non-rotatably mounted on the bearing torsion spring 1c adjusting lever 10, which has at its other end a thread for receiving an adjusting screw 11. The adjusting screw 11 extends through an opening in the bottom of the bearing block 4 therethrough. There is between the screw head and the bearing block 4 a cradle 14 arranged in a semicircular recess of the bearing block 4, so that a flat support of the cradle 14 on the bearing block 4, regardless of the current position of the adjusting lever 10 is guaranteed.

The adjusting device 2 in Fig. 4 consists of a with its one end non-rotatably mounted on the bearing torsion spring 1c adjusting lever 10 which is rotatably connected at its other end with a clamping angle 12. The clamping angle 12 has an angled portion 12 a, which extends below the underside of the bearing block 4. The angled portion 12a further carries a thread with an adjusting screw 13, which is supported relative to the bearing block 4.

List of reference numbers:

A

level

B

axis of rotation

C

Longitudinal axis of the coupling rod

1

Torsion bar system

1a

Lever torsion bar spring

1b

inner torsion bar

1c

Bearing torsion bar

2

adjustment

3

Nachführkulisse

4

bearing block

5

cam

6

variable-length lever

7

coupling rod

8th

Flap or door

9

hinge lever

10

adjustment

11

adjustment

12

rake angle

12a

angled part

13

adjustment

14

cradle wedge

15

coupling element

16

bearing web

17

Gleitsteinanordnung

17a

slide

17b

caster

18

gasket

19

safety pin

20

slipway

21

extension

Claims (10)

Device for the spring-assisted pivoting of a flap or door (8) against the force of gravity between a closed position and an open position, comprising a torsion bar spring system (1) consisting of parallel meander-shaped and rotationally connected torsion bar springs (1a, 1b, 1c), one each being used as storage Torsion spring (1 c) and designed as a lever torsion spring (1a) outer torsion bar in a bearing block (4) a Nachführkulisse (3) are mounted and wherein the lever torsion spring (1a) rotatably with a in a control cam (5) of the Nachführkulisse (3) guided variable-length lever (6) is connected to which a translationally movable coupling rod (7) engages, the one of the flap or door (8) associated hinge lever (9) can move rotationally, characterized in that an adjusting device (2) rotatably connected to the bearing torsion spring (1c) and variable with respect to the bearing block (4) can be fixed. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting device (2) has an adjusting lever (10) which engages with its one end at least temporarily rotationally fixed to the bearing torsion bar spring (1c). Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the adjusting lever (10) at its other end an adjusting screw (11) which bears against the bearing block (4). Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the adjusting lever (10) at its other end a rotatable Clamping angle (12), wherein the angled portion (12a) of the clamping angle (12) engages at a variable distance below the bearing block (4). Adjusting device according to claim 4, characterized in that in the angled part (12a) of the clamping angle, an adjusting screw (13) is arranged so against a bottom of the bearing block (4) is supported, that an adjustment of the adjusting screw (13) a change in the distance of the angled part (12a) to the underside of the bearing block (4) causes. A method of manufacturing a device according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: - Rotationally fixed connecting the torsion springs (1a, 1b, 1c) by means of coupling elements (15), wherein by the torsion of the inner torsion bars (1 b) in the arrangement of the torsion bar system (1) in a plane (A), a first partial torque is reached; - Introducing the lever torsion spring (1a) and the bearing torsion spring (1 c) in corresponding bearing seats of the bearing block (4); - Rotationally connecting the lever torsion spring (1 a) with the variable-length lever (6), pivoting the variable-length lever (6) until a second part of moment of the torsion bar system (1) is reached and temporary setting of the variable-length lever (6) relative to the bearing block (4 ); - Rotationally connecting the bearing torsion spring (1c) with the adjusting device (2), pivoting the adjusting device (2) until a desired total torque of the torsion spring system (1) reached is and setting the adjustment (2) or the bearing torsion spring (1 c). A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the torsion springs (1a, 1b, 1 c) are positively or materially connectable to the coupling elements (15), wherein the Nachführkulisse (3) opposite coupling elements (15) pivotally mounted in a bearing web (16 ) are stored. A method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the coupling elements (15) are elongated and at a half opening angle between the closed position and the open position of the flap or door (8) are horizontal. Method according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the variable-length lever (6) positively or materially connected to the lever torsion bar spring (1a) and with a locking pin (19) relative to the bearing block (4) is temporarily fixed. Method according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the adjusting device (2) is cohesively connectable to the bearing block (4).

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