EP2393996B1 - Hydraulic system for a handling or earthmoving machine with an energy accumulator - Google Patents

Hydraulic system for a handling or earthmoving machine with an energy accumulator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2393996B1
EP2393996B1 EP10708298A EP10708298A EP2393996B1 EP 2393996 B1 EP2393996 B1 EP 2393996B1 EP 10708298 A EP10708298 A EP 10708298A EP 10708298 A EP10708298 A EP 10708298A EP 2393996 B1 EP2393996 B1 EP 2393996B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
jack
accumulator
pressure
cylinder
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Application number
EP10708298A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2393996A1 (en
Inventor
Ettore Gismondi
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Manu Lorraine
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Manu Lorraine
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2217—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives with energy recovery arrangements, e.g. using accumulators, flywheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/20—Control systems or devices for non-electric drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/024—Installations or systems with accumulators used as a supplementary power source, e.g. to store energy in idle periods to balance pump load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/14—Energy-recuperation means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
    • F15B2211/20546—Type of pump variable capacity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/21—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge
    • F15B2211/212—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge the pressure sources being accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
    • F15B2211/30505—Non-return valves, i.e. check valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/505—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means
    • F15B2211/50509—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a pressure upstream of the pressure control means
    • F15B2211/50518—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a pressure upstream of the pressure control means using pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/625—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/71—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders
    • F15B2211/7107—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders the output members being mechanically linked
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/71—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders
    • F15B2211/7114—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders with direct connection between the chambers of different actuators
    • F15B2211/7128—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders with direct connection between the chambers of different actuators the chambers being connected in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/80—Other types of control related to particular problems or conditions
    • F15B2211/88—Control measures for saving energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic system of handling or earth moving equipment with an energy accumulator for recovering a portion of potential energy during the handling of the loads, in particular during the descent phases.
  • Known handling equipment such as lifting cranes having articulated arms whose movement is given by hydraulic cylinders.
  • a pump provides a pressurized fluid and a dispensing valve selectively supplies a first chamber of the cylinder for an output movement of the cylinder, or a second chamber of the cylinder for the withdrawal of the cylinder.
  • the document WO 98/33989 proposes a hydraulic system in which an assistance cylinder is mounted in parallel with a main cylinder.
  • the first assistance jack chamber is fed with a fluid maintained under pressure by an accumulator.
  • a second pump and a purge valve are provided to raise or lower the pressure level in the accumulator.
  • This system has the disadvantage of requiring an additional pump.
  • the pressure level must be adjusted manually. Indeed, depending on the level of charge, it is possible that the pressure supplied by the accumulator is insufficient. In this case, it is necessary to control a rise in pressure using the pump. When the load is lower or almost zero, the pressure supplied by the battery may be too high and energy must be supplied during the descent phase to counter the pressure of the battery. It is then necessary to purge part of the pressure of the accumulator.
  • the invention aims to provide a hydraulic system of handling or earth moving equipment with an energy accumulator with a limited amount of equipment and a transparent management of the operation for the driver of the machine.
  • the subject of the invention is a hydraulic system of a handling or earth moving machine comprising a movable element driven by a first and a second cylinder connected in parallel and mechanically coupled, the system comprising a hydraulic fluid supply. under pressure, a cover for containing the hydraulic fluid, a distribution valve for selectively connecting a first chamber and a second chamber of the first cylinder to the feed or the tarpaulin, the pressurization of the first chamber being able to cause the lifting a load by the vehicle, an accumulator for accumulating fluid under pressure, the accumulator being connected to a first chamber of the second cylinder.
  • the system comprises a non-return valve between the first chambers, the non-return valve allowing fluid passage from the first chamber of the first cylinder to the first chamber of the second cylinder, regulation means for disconnecting the first chamber.
  • accumulator and purge the first chamber of the second cylinder control means of the control means controlling the disconnection of the accumulator and the purge of the first chamber of the second cylinder when the pressure in the second cylinder chamber of the first jack is greater than a predetermined threshold.
  • the non-return valve passes fluid to the first chamber of the first cylinder.
  • second cylinder which allows to provide additional thrust by the second cylinder. This supplement intervenes automatically without driver intervention.
  • the pressure in the second chamber of the first cylinder increases to cause the descent. If the latter pressure rises above the predetermined threshold, the disconnection of the accumulator and the purge of the first chamber of the second cylinder occurs. The counterpressure for the descent then decreases, which limits the power used to control the descent.
  • the pressure in the accumulator remains at the same level and the energy reserve remains contained in the accumulator.
  • the pressure level maintained by the accumulator will be provided initially in the up phase, the pressure naturally decreasing during deployment of the cylinder.
  • the pressure level in the accumulator thus adjusts automatically as well as automatically, without the intervention of the driver.
  • control means are hydraulic.
  • the system thus remains in the same technology, with means conventionally mastered on this type of machine.
  • the regulation means comprise a normally open accumulator valve placed on the line connecting the accumulator and the first chamber of the second cylinder and driven by the pressure of the second chamber of the first cylinder. As soon as the pressure in the second chamber of the first cylinder exceeds the predetermined threshold, the accumulator valve switches which allows to isolate the accumulator and to prevent its discharge.
  • the regulating means comprise for example a normally closed expansion valve placed on the pipe connecting the first chamber of the second cylinder to the tank. As soon as the pressure in the second chamber of the first cylinder exceeds the predetermined threshold, the expansion valve switches and lets out hydraulic fluid from the first chamber of the second cylinder. Thus, one obtains the purge which allows to allow or facilitate the descent of the cylinders.
  • the expansion valve is controlled hydraulically by the pressure of the second chamber of the first cylinder.
  • the opening of the expansion valve is proportional to the difference between the pressure of the second chamber of the first cylinder and the predetermined threshold.
  • the opening of the expansion valve is not sudden, but progressive, which avoids the generation of a jerk by the pressure drop that would otherwise be brutal at the opening of the expansion valve.
  • a second chamber of the second cylinder is connected to the second chamber of the first cylinder.
  • the supply pressure can thus be exerted on both cylinders during the descent phase.
  • the system comprises purge means for emptying the accumulator of the fluid under pressure. When the vehicle is put out of service, the energy reserve of the accumulator can be released.
  • the predetermined threshold is for example between 10 and 100 bar, preferably between 40 and 60 bar.
  • the invention also relates to a method of controlling a hydraulic system handling or earth moving machine comprising a movable member driven by a first and a second cylinder connected in parallel and mechanically coupled, an accumulator for accumulating fluid under pressure, the accumulator being connected to a first chamber of the second cylinder, the method according to which a first chamber and a second chamber of the first cylinder are selectively connected to a feed or to a tarpaulin, the pressurization of the first chamber being suitable for cause the lifting of a load by the machine, characterized in that allows the passage of fluid from the first chamber of the first cylinder to the first chamber of the second cylinder when the pressure on the side of the first cylinder is stronger than that the second cylinder, and disconnects the accumulator and purge the first chamber of the second cylinder when the pressure in the second cylinder the second chamber of the first jack is greater than a predetermined threshold.
  • a handling machine 1 represented on the Figures 1 to 3 is intended to transfer loads from one position to another.
  • the machine 1 is installed on a platform Q and transfers the loading of a barge P into the trucks, not shown, on the platform Q.
  • the machine 1 comprises a movable element such as an arrow 10 hinged about a horizontal axis on a frame 11 and at the end of which is articulated a pendulum 12.
  • the figure 2 shows the detail of the implantation of the arrow 10 on the frame 11.
  • Two hydraulic cylinders 12, 13 are mounted in parallel and make it possible to control the pivoting movement of the boom 10, in a manner known per se.
  • a first cylinder 12 is connected to a dispensing valve 14 while the second cylinder 13 is connected to an accumulator 15, in a manner which is detailed below.
  • the accumulator 15 is for example a reservoir containing a gas under pressure, for example nitrogen. When a hydraulic fluid fills the reservoir, it compresses the gas even more, which allows energy to be accumulated. This energy is restored, at least partially when the fluid stored in the tank is supplied under pressure outside the tank. Other means of accumulation can also be used. Several tanks can be used to obtain sufficient accumulation capacity, as shown in the diagram of the figure 3 , but are subsequently designated by the generic term accumulator 15.
  • each cylinder 12, 13 has two chambers for receiving the hydraulic fluid.
  • a first chamber 121, 131 is fed by the hydraulic fluid, it causes the output of the rod and, according to the mounting of the boom 10, the lifting of the load to move.
  • the supply of the second chamber 122, 132 of the cylinder causes the retraction of the rod and the descent of the load.
  • the cylinders 12, 13 are mechanically coupled, so that the movement of the rods is synchronous.
  • the system comprises a supply of hydraulic fluid under pressure, carried out by a pump 16 driven by a heat engine. It also comprises a cover 19 for containing the hydraulic fluid in which the pump 16 sucks fluid and in which the system members discharge the fluid after use.
  • the dispensing valve 14 makes it possible to drive the first cylinder 12.
  • the dispensing valve 14 has three positions, a neutral position in which the pipes connecting the chambers of the first cylinder 12 to the distribution valve 14 are closed, a lifting position and a descent position. In the lifting position, the first chamber 121 is connected to the supply, while the second chamber 122 is connected to the tank 19.
  • the dispensing valve 14 is proportional, preferably, that is to say that the fluid flow to the cylinder can be modulated. The connections are reversed in the descent position.
  • Each cylinder 12, 13 comprises a safety device 123, 133 at the entrance of the first chamber 121, 131.
  • the safety device 123, 133 makes it possible to prevent the load from coming down if a pipe leaks.
  • the safety device 123, 133 allows the fluid to enter via a non-return valve 1230 and allows it to exit via a normally closed valve 1231, the opening of which is controlled at the same time as the down position of the dispensing valve 14.
  • These safety devices are known per se and are not essential to the embodiment of the invention.
  • the second chamber 132 of the second cylinder 13 is connected to the second chamber 122 of the first cylinder 12. Furthermore, a non-return valve 17 makes it possible to connect the first two chambers 121, 131, the valve being passing in the direction of the first 12 to the second cylinder 13.
  • the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13 is also connected to the accumulator 15, by means of regulation means 18.
  • the means of regulation 18 can disconnect the accumulator 15 and purge the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13.
  • they comprise a normally open accumulator valve 181 placed on the pipe connecting the accumulator 15 and the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13.
  • the regulation means 18 further comprise a normally closed expansion valve 182 placed on the pipe connecting the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13 to the tank 19.
  • the expansion valve 182 and the storage valve are hydraulically controlled by the pressure of the second chambers 122, 132 so that the switching of the accumulator valve occurs before the switching of the expansion valve 182.
  • the expansion valve 182 and the accumulator valve 181 are set to switch when the control pressure is above a threshold predetermined, for example 10, 40, 60 or 100 bar.
  • the opening of the expansion valve 182 is proportional to the difference between the pressure of the second chambers 122, 132 and the predetermined threshold.
  • the system also comprises purge means 150 for emptying the accumulator 15 of the fluid under pressure. These means are controlled manually or with the start of the machine 1 to cause purging during the shutdown of the machine 1. These means are conventional and are not detailed here.
  • the hydraulic accumulator 15 is discharged.
  • the pump 16 is started and sends an oil flow.
  • the dispensing valve 14 is in the neutral position so that the oil coming from the pump 16 returns to the tank 19.
  • the ducts leading to the cylinders are closed by the dispensing valve 14.
  • the purge means 150 are in position closed and the accumulator valve 181 is in the open position.
  • the dispensing valve 14 is placed in the raised position, which makes it possible to supply pressurized oil to the first chamber 121 of the first cylinder 12 and, through the non-return valve 17, the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13.
  • the second chambers 122, 132 of the cylinders are connected to the tank 19 by the distribution valve 14.
  • the storage valve 181 is open and the pressure of the pump 16 is partially diverted into the accumulator 15.
  • the pressure in the accumulator 15 reaches a level substantially equivalent to that of the pressure in the first chambers 121, 131.
  • the dispensing valve 14 When the lifting is complete, the dispensing valve 14 returns to the neutral position. The pressure in the first chambers 121, 131 is maintained.
  • the dispensing valve 14 When then linked with a descent, the dispensing valve 14 is placed in the lowering position by putting in communication the first chamber 121 of the first cylinder 12 with the cover 19 and the second chambers 122, 132 with the pump 16.
  • the first cylinder 12 because of the pressure loss in the first chamber 121, no longer supports the load.
  • the pressure supplied by the accumulator 15 is blocked by the non-return valve 17 and supplies the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13.
  • the opening of the safety valves is controlled at the same time as the passage to the lowering position of the dispensing valve 14, which allows the discharge of the first chambers 121, 131. If the load on the boom 10 is sufficient, the descent actuator rods are obtained by releasing the pressure in the first chamber 121 of the first cylinder 12. The first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13 remains under pressure provided by the accumulator 15. The fluid in the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13 is put into compression and transferred into the accumulator 15, which stores energy recovered on the descent of the load.
  • the accumulator 15 supplies pressure to the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13, while the supply only needs to supply the first chamber 121 of the first cylinder 12, as long as the pressure level remains lower than that provided by the accumulator 15.
  • the fluid supplied to the second chambers 122, 132 rises in pressure to assist the descent of the load.
  • the accumulator valve 181 switches and isolates the accumulator 15.
  • the expansion valve 182 opens at least partially in order to let fluid flow from the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13 to the tank 19.
  • the pressure level in the accumulator 15 is then adjusted, without intervention of the driver. It is noted that this adjustment occurs only rarely, when the nature of the work done by the machine 1 changes. Thus, in most cycles of lifting and lowering, the second cylinder 13 and the accumulator 15 allow the recovery of energy.
  • the expansion valve 182 is a proportional valve, which opens proportionally to the pressure difference between the control pressure and the predetermined threshold. The discharge of the second cylinder is then progressive and no jerk can be generated.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described by way of example.
  • the switching of the expansion valves and accumulator can be controlled electrically, with detection of the pressure threshold by electronic means.
  • the second chamber 132 of the second cylinder 13 could be connected directly to the sheet 19.
  • the system according to the invention can also be set up for several joints, for example for the articulation of the balance on the same machine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne un système hydraulique d'engin de manutention ou de terrassement avec un accumulateur d'énergie pour récupérer une part d'énergie potentielle lors de la manutention des charges, en particulier pendant les phases de descente.The invention relates to a hydraulic system of handling or earth moving equipment with an energy accumulator for recovering a portion of potential energy during the handling of the loads, in particular during the descent phases.

On connaît des engins de manutention tels que des grues de levage comportant des bras articulés dont le mouvement est donné par des vérins hydrauliques. Une pompe fournit un fluide sous pression et une vanne de distribution alimente sélectivement une première chambre du vérin pour obtenir un mouvement de sortie du vérin, ou une deuxième chambre du vérin pour obtenir le retrait du vérin. Lors de la manipulation de charge entre différentes altitudes, on trouve des phases dans lesquelles la charge fournit de l'énergie au fluide en le mettant sous pression et en participant à son évacuation par exemple hors de la première chambre. Pendant cette phase, le fluide passe par un étranglement de manière à dissiper l'énergie fournie par la descente de la charge. Cette énergie est alors transformée en chaleur, ce qui nécessite de refroidir le fluide et ce qui n'est pas rationnel pour l'utilisation de l'énergie.Known handling equipment such as lifting cranes having articulated arms whose movement is given by hydraulic cylinders. A pump provides a pressurized fluid and a dispensing valve selectively supplies a first chamber of the cylinder for an output movement of the cylinder, or a second chamber of the cylinder for the withdrawal of the cylinder. When handling charge between different altitudes, there are phases in which the load provides energy to the fluid by putting it under pressure and participating in its evacuation for example out of the first chamber. During this phase, the fluid passes through a constriction so as to dissipate the energy provided by the descent of the load. This energy is then transformed into heat, which requires cooling the fluid and what is not rational for the use of energy.

Le document WO 98/33989 propose un système hydraulique dans lequel un vérin d'assistance est monté en parallèle d'un vérin principal. La première chambre de vérin d'assistance est alimentée par un fluide maintenu en pression par un accumulateur. Une deuxième pompe et une vanne de purge sont prévues pour remonter ou diminuer le niveau de pression dans l'accumulateur. Ce système a l'inconvénient de nécessiter une pompe supplémentaire. De plus, le niveau de pression doit être ajusté manuellement. En effet, selon le niveau de charge, il se peut que la pression fournie par l'accumulateur soit insuffisante. Dans ce cas, il faut piloter une remontée de la pression à l'aide de la pompe. Lorsque la charge est plus faible ou presque nulle, il se peut que la pression fournie par l'accumulateur soit trop forte et qu'il faille fournir de l'énergie pendant la phase de descente pour contrer la pression de l'accumulateur. Il est alors nécessaire de purger une partie de la pression de l'accumulateur.The document WO 98/33989 proposes a hydraulic system in which an assistance cylinder is mounted in parallel with a main cylinder. The first assistance jack chamber is fed with a fluid maintained under pressure by an accumulator. A second pump and a purge valve are provided to raise or lower the pressure level in the accumulator. This system has the disadvantage of requiring an additional pump. In addition, the pressure level must be adjusted manually. Indeed, depending on the level of charge, it is possible that the pressure supplied by the accumulator is insufficient. In this case, it is necessary to control a rise in pressure using the pump. When the load is lower or almost zero, the pressure supplied by the battery may be too high and energy must be supplied during the descent phase to counter the pressure of the battery. It is then necessary to purge part of the pressure of the accumulator.

L'invention vise à fournir un système hydraulique d'engin de manutention ou de terrassement avec un accumulateur d'énergie avec une quantité limitée d'équipements et une gestion transparente du fonctionnement pour le conducteur de l'engin.The invention aims to provide a hydraulic system of handling or earth moving equipment with an energy accumulator with a limited amount of equipment and a transparent management of the operation for the driver of the machine.

Avec ces objectifs en vue, l'invention a pour objet un système hydraulique d'engin de manutention ou de terrassement comportant un élément mobile mû par un premier et un deuxième vérin montés en parallèle et couplés mécaniquement, le système comportant une alimentation en fluide hydraulique sous pression, une bâche pour contenir le fluide hydraulique, une vanne de distribution pour connecter sélectivement une première chambre et une deuxième chambre du premier vérin à l'alimentation ou à la bâche, la mise sous pression de la première chambre étant apte à provoquer la levée d'une charge par l'engin, un accumulateur pour accumuler du fluide sous pression, l'accumulateur étant connecté à une première chambre du deuxième vérin. Selon l'invention, le système comporte une vanne anti-retour entre les premières chambres, la vanne anti-retour autorisant le passage de fluide de la première chambre du premier vérin vers la première chambre du deuxième vérin, des moyens de régulation pour déconnecter l'accumulateur et purger la première chambre du deuxième vérin, des moyens de commande des moyens de régulation pilotant la déconnexion de l'accumulateur et la purge de la première chambre du deuxième vérin lorsque la pression dans la deuxième chambre du premier vérin est supérieure à un seuil prédéterminé.With these objectives in view, the subject of the invention is a hydraulic system of a handling or earth moving machine comprising a movable element driven by a first and a second cylinder connected in parallel and mechanically coupled, the system comprising a hydraulic fluid supply. under pressure, a cover for containing the hydraulic fluid, a distribution valve for selectively connecting a first chamber and a second chamber of the first cylinder to the feed or the tarpaulin, the pressurization of the first chamber being able to cause the lifting a load by the vehicle, an accumulator for accumulating fluid under pressure, the accumulator being connected to a first chamber of the second cylinder. According to the invention, the system comprises a non-return valve between the first chambers, the non-return valve allowing fluid passage from the first chamber of the first cylinder to the first chamber of the second cylinder, regulation means for disconnecting the first chamber. accumulator and purge the first chamber of the second cylinder, control means of the control means controlling the disconnection of the accumulator and the purge of the first chamber of the second cylinder when the pressure in the second cylinder chamber of the first jack is greater than a predetermined threshold.

Lorsque la vanne de distribution fournit de la pression à la première chambre du premier vérin et que la charge est telle que la pression dépasse celle qui est fournie par l'accumulateur, la vanne anti-retour laisse alors passer du fluide vers la première chambre du deuxième vérin, ce qui permet d'apporter un complément de poussée par le deuxième vérin. Ce complément intervient de manière automatique sans intervention du conducteur. Par ailleurs, lorsque la descente est commandée et que la charge n'est pas suffisante pour refouler le fluide de la première chambre du deuxième vérin vers l'accumulateur, la pression dans la deuxième chambre du premier vérin augmente afin de provoquer la descente. Si cette dernière pression monte au delà du seuil prédéterminé, la déconnexion de l'accumulateur et la purge de la première chambre du deuxième vérin se produit. La contre pression pour la descente diminue alors, ce qui limite la puissance utilisée pour commander la descente. Cependant, la pression dans l'accumulateur reste au même niveau et la réserve d'énergie reste contenue dans l'accumulateur. Toutefois, lors du cycle suivant, le niveau de pression conservé par l'accumulateur ne sera fourni qu'au départ dans la phase de montée, la pression diminuant naturellement lors du déploiement du vérin. Le niveau de pression dans l'accumulateur s'ajuste ainsi à la hausse comme à la baisse de manière automatique, sans intervention du conducteur.When the dispensing valve supplies pressure to the first chamber of the first cylinder and the load is such that the pressure exceeds that provided by the accumulator, the non-return valve then passes fluid to the first chamber of the first cylinder. second cylinder, which allows to provide additional thrust by the second cylinder. This supplement intervenes automatically without driver intervention. Furthermore, when the descent is controlled and the load is not sufficient to discharge the fluid from the first chamber of the second cylinder to the accumulator, the pressure in the second chamber of the first cylinder increases to cause the descent. If the latter pressure rises above the predetermined threshold, the disconnection of the accumulator and the purge of the first chamber of the second cylinder occurs. The counterpressure for the descent then decreases, which limits the power used to control the descent. However, the pressure in the accumulator remains at the same level and the energy reserve remains contained in the accumulator. However, during the next cycle, the pressure level maintained by the accumulator will be provided initially in the up phase, the pressure naturally decreasing during deployment of the cylinder. The pressure level in the accumulator thus adjusts automatically as well as automatically, without the intervention of the driver.

De manière préférentielle, les moyens de commande sont hydrauliques. Le système reste ainsi dans la même technologie, avec des moyens maîtrisés classiquement sur ce type d'engin.Preferably, the control means are hydraulic. The system thus remains in the same technology, with means conventionally mastered on this type of machine.

De manière particulière, les moyens de régulation comportent une vanne d'accumulateur normalement ouverte placée sur la conduite reliant l'accumulateur et la première chambre du deuxième vérin et pilotée par la pression de la deuxième chambre du premier vérin. Dès que la pression dans la deuxième chambre du premier vérin dépasse le seuil prédéterminé, la vanne d'accumulateur commute ce qui permet d'isoler l'accumulateur et d'éviter sa décharge.In particular, the regulation means comprise a normally open accumulator valve placed on the line connecting the accumulator and the first chamber of the second cylinder and driven by the pressure of the second chamber of the first cylinder. As soon as the pressure in the second chamber of the first cylinder exceeds the predetermined threshold, the accumulator valve switches which allows to isolate the accumulator and to prevent its discharge.

Par ailleurs, les moyens de régulation comportent par exemple une vanne de détente normalement fermée placée sur la conduite reliant la première chambre du deuxième vérin à la bâche. Dès que la pression dans la deuxième chambre du premier vérin dépasse le seuil prédéterminé, la vanne de détente commute et laisse fuir du fluide hydraulique de la première chambre du deuxième vérin. Ainsi, on obtient la purge qui permet d'autoriser ou de faciliter la descente des vérins.Furthermore, the regulating means comprise for example a normally closed expansion valve placed on the pipe connecting the first chamber of the second cylinder to the tank. As soon as the pressure in the second chamber of the first cylinder exceeds the predetermined threshold, the expansion valve switches and lets out hydraulic fluid from the first chamber of the second cylinder. Thus, one obtains the purge which allows to allow or facilitate the descent of the cylinders.

De manière particulière, la vanne de détente est pilotée hydrauliquement par la pression de la deuxième chambre du premier vérin.In particular, the expansion valve is controlled hydraulically by the pressure of the second chamber of the first cylinder.

Selon un perfectionnement, l'ouverture de la vanne de détente est proportionnelle à la différence entre la pression de la deuxième chambre du premier vérin et le seuil prédéterminé. Ainsi, l'ouverture de la vanne de détente n'est pas brutale, mais progressive, ce qui évite la génération d'un à-coup par la chute de pression qui serait sinon brutale à l'ouverture de la vanne de détente.According to an improvement, the opening of the expansion valve is proportional to the difference between the pressure of the second chamber of the first cylinder and the predetermined threshold. Thus, the opening of the expansion valve is not sudden, but progressive, which avoids the generation of a jerk by the pressure drop that would otherwise be brutal at the opening of the expansion valve.

De manière particulière, une deuxième chambre du deuxième vérin est connectée à la deuxième chambre du premier vérin. La pression d'alimentation peut ainsi s'exercer sur les deux vérins pendant la phase de descente.In particular, a second chamber of the second cylinder is connected to the second chamber of the first cylinder. The supply pressure can thus be exerted on both cylinders during the descent phase.

Selon un autre perfectionnement, le système comporte des moyens de purge pour vider l'accumulateur du fluide sous pression. A la mise hors service de l'engin, on peut ainsi libérer la réserve d'énergie de l'accumulateur.According to another improvement, the system comprises purge means for emptying the accumulator of the fluid under pressure. When the vehicle is put out of service, the energy reserve of the accumulator can be released.

Le seuil prédéterminé est par exemple compris entre 10 et 100 bars, de préférence entre 40 et 60 bars.The predetermined threshold is for example between 10 and 100 bar, preferably between 40 and 60 bar.

L'invention a aussi pour objet un procédé de commande d'un système hydraulique d'engin de manutention ou de terrassement comportant un élément mobile mû par un premier et un deuxième vérin montés en parallèle et couplés mécaniquement, un accumulateur pour accumuler du fluide sous pression, l'accumulateur étant connecté à une première chambre du deuxième vérin, procédé selon lequel on connecte sélectivement une première chambre et une deuxième chambre du premier vérin à une alimentation ou à une bâche, la mise sous pression de la première chambre étant apte à provoquer la levée d'une charge par l'engin, caractérisé en ce qu'on autorise le passage de fluide de la première chambre du premier vérin vers la première chambre du deuxième vérin lorsque la pression du côté du premier vérin est plus forte que celle du côté du deuxième vérin, et on déconnecte l'accumulateur et on purge la première chambre du deuxième vérin lorsque la pression dans la deuxième chambre du premier vérin est supérieure à un seuil prédéterminé.The invention also relates to a method of controlling a hydraulic system handling or earth moving machine comprising a movable member driven by a first and a second cylinder connected in parallel and mechanically coupled, an accumulator for accumulating fluid under pressure, the accumulator being connected to a first chamber of the second cylinder, the method according to which a first chamber and a second chamber of the first cylinder are selectively connected to a feed or to a tarpaulin, the pressurization of the first chamber being suitable for cause the lifting of a load by the machine, characterized in that allows the passage of fluid from the first chamber of the first cylinder to the first chamber of the second cylinder when the pressure on the side of the first cylinder is stronger than that the second cylinder, and disconnects the accumulator and purge the first chamber of the second cylinder when the pressure in the second cylinder the second chamber of the first jack is greater than a predetermined threshold.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres particularités et avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, la description faisant référence aux dessins annexés parmi lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue d'un engin de manutention placé en situation de travail ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue partielle de l'engin de manutention de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est un schéma hydraulique du système selon l'invention qui équipe l'engin de la figure 1.
The invention will be better understood and other features and advantages will appear on reading the description which follows, the description referring to the appended drawings among which:
  • the figure 1 is a view of a handling machine placed in a work situation;
  • the figure 2 is a partial view of the handling gear of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 3 is a hydraulic diagram of the system according to the invention which equips the machine of the figure 1 .

Un engin 1 de manutention représenté sur les figures 1 à 3 est destiné à transférer des charges d'une position à une autre. Dans l'exemple de la figure 1, l'engin 1 est installé sur un quai Q et transfère le chargement d'une péniche P dans les bennes de camions, non représentés, sur le quai Q. L'engin 1 comporte un élément mobile tel qu'une flèche 10 articulée autour d'un axe horizontal sur un bâti 11 et à l'extrémité de laquelle est articulé un balancier 12. La figure 2 montre le détail de l'implantation de la flèche 10 sur le bâti 11.A handling machine 1 represented on the Figures 1 to 3 is intended to transfer loads from one position to another. In the example of the figure 1 the machine 1 is installed on a platform Q and transfers the loading of a barge P into the trucks, not shown, on the platform Q. The machine 1 comprises a movable element such as an arrow 10 hinged about a horizontal axis on a frame 11 and at the end of which is articulated a pendulum 12. The figure 2 shows the detail of the implantation of the arrow 10 on the frame 11.

Deux vérins 12, 13 hydrauliques sont montés en parallèle et permettent de commander le mouvement de pivotement de la flèche 10, d'une manière connue en soi. Un premier vérin 12 est relié à une vanne de distribution 14 tandis que le deuxième vérin 13 est relié à un accumulateur 15, d'une manière qui est détaillée ci-après. L'accumulateur 15 est par exemple un réservoir contenant un gaz sous pression, par exemple de l'azote. Lorsqu'un fluide hydraulique emplit le réservoir, il comprime plus encore le gaz, se qui permet d'accumuler de l'énergie. Cette énergie est restituée, au moins partiellement lorsque le fluide stocké dans le réservoir est fourni sous pression en dehors du réservoir. D'autres moyens d'accumulation peuvent aussi être utilisés. Plusieurs réservoirs peuvent être utilisés afin d'obtenir la capacité d'accumulation suffisante, comme montré sur le schéma de la figure 3, mais on les désigne par la suite par le terme générique d'accumulateur 15.Two hydraulic cylinders 12, 13 are mounted in parallel and make it possible to control the pivoting movement of the boom 10, in a manner known per se. A first cylinder 12 is connected to a dispensing valve 14 while the second cylinder 13 is connected to an accumulator 15, in a manner which is detailed below. The accumulator 15 is for example a reservoir containing a gas under pressure, for example nitrogen. When a hydraulic fluid fills the reservoir, it compresses the gas even more, which allows energy to be accumulated. This energy is restored, at least partially when the fluid stored in the tank is supplied under pressure outside the tank. Other means of accumulation can also be used. Several tanks can be used to obtain sufficient accumulation capacity, as shown in the diagram of the figure 3 , but are subsequently designated by the generic term accumulator 15.

En se référant à la figure 3, chaque vérin 12, 13 comporte deux chambres destinées à recevoir le fluide hydraulique. Lorsque une première chambre 121, 131 est alimentée par le fluide hydraulique, on provoque la sortie de la tige et, selon le montage de la flèche 10, la levée de la charge à déplacer. A l'inverse, l'alimentation de la deuxième chambre 122, 132 du vérin provoque la rentrée de la tige et la descente de la charge. Les vérins 12, 13 sont couplés mécaniquement, de telle sorte que le mouvement des tiges est synchrone.Referring to the figure 3 each cylinder 12, 13 has two chambers for receiving the hydraulic fluid. When a first chamber 121, 131 is fed by the hydraulic fluid, it causes the output of the rod and, according to the mounting of the boom 10, the lifting of the load to move. Conversely, the supply of the second chamber 122, 132 of the cylinder causes the retraction of the rod and the descent of the load. The cylinders 12, 13 are mechanically coupled, so that the movement of the rods is synchronous.

Le système comporte une alimentation en fluide hydraulique sous pression, réalisée par une pompe 16 entraînée par un moteur thermique. Il comporte également une bâche 19 pour contenir le fluide hydraulique dans laquelle la pompe 16 aspire le fluide et dans laquelle les organes du système déversent le fluide après son utilisation. La vanne de distribution 14 permet de piloter le premier vérin 12. La vanne de distribution 14 a trois positions, une position neutre dans laquelle les conduites reliant les chambres du premier vérin 12 à la vanne de distribution 14 sont obturées, une position de levée et une position de descente. Dans la position de levée, la première chambre 121 est connectée à l'alimentation, tandis que la deuxième chambre 122 est connectée à la bâche 19. La vanne de distribution 14 est proportionnelle, de préférence, c'est-à-dire que le débit de fluide vers le vérin peut être modulé. Les connexions sont inversées dans la position de descente. Chaque vérin 12, 13 comporte un dispositif de sécurité 123, 133 à l'entrée de la première chambre 121, 131. Le dispositif de sécurité 123, 133 permet d'éviter que la charge ne descende si une canalisation venait à fuir. Le dispositif de sécurité 123, 133 laisse entrer le fluide par l'intermédiaire d'un vanne anti-retour 1230 et le laisse sortir par l'intermédiaire d'une vanne 1231 normalement fermée et dont l'ouverture est pilotée en même temps que la position de descente de la vanne de distribution 14. Ces dispositifs de sécurité sont connus en soi et ne sont pas indispensables à la réalisation de l'invention.The system comprises a supply of hydraulic fluid under pressure, carried out by a pump 16 driven by a heat engine. It also comprises a cover 19 for containing the hydraulic fluid in which the pump 16 sucks fluid and in which the system members discharge the fluid after use. The dispensing valve 14 makes it possible to drive the first cylinder 12. The dispensing valve 14 has three positions, a neutral position in which the pipes connecting the chambers of the first cylinder 12 to the distribution valve 14 are closed, a lifting position and a descent position. In the lifting position, the first chamber 121 is connected to the supply, while the second chamber 122 is connected to the tank 19. The dispensing valve 14 is proportional, preferably, that is to say that the fluid flow to the cylinder can be modulated. The connections are reversed in the descent position. Each cylinder 12, 13 comprises a safety device 123, 133 at the entrance of the first chamber 121, 131. The safety device 123, 133 makes it possible to prevent the load from coming down if a pipe leaks. The safety device 123, 133 allows the fluid to enter via a non-return valve 1230 and allows it to exit via a normally closed valve 1231, the opening of which is controlled at the same time as the down position of the dispensing valve 14. These safety devices are known per se and are not essential to the embodiment of the invention.

La deuxième chambre 132 du deuxième vérin 13 est connectée à la deuxième chambre 122 du premier vérin 12. Par ailleurs, une vanne anti-retour 17 permet de relier les deux premières chambres 121, 131, la vanne étant passante dans le sens du premier 12 vers le deuxième vérin 13.The second chamber 132 of the second cylinder 13 is connected to the second chamber 122 of the first cylinder 12. Furthermore, a non-return valve 17 makes it possible to connect the first two chambers 121, 131, the valve being passing in the direction of the first 12 to the second cylinder 13.

La première chambre 131 du deuxième vérin 13 est également connectée à l'accumulateur 15, par l'intermédiaire de moyens de régulation 18. Les moyens de régulation 18 permettent de déconnecter l'accumulateur 15 et de purger la première chambre 131 du deuxième vérin 13. Pour cela, ils comportent une vanne d'accumulateur 181 normalement ouverte placée sur la conduite reliant l'accumulateur 15 et la première chambre 131 du deuxième vérin 13. Les moyens de régulation 18 comportent en outre une vanne de détente 182 normalement fermée placée sur la conduite reliant la première chambre 131 du deuxième vérin 13 à la bâche 19. La vanne de détente 182 et la vanne d'accumulateur sont pilotées hydrauliquement par la pression des deuxièmes chambres 122, 132 de manière à ce que la commutation de la vanne d'accumulateur se produise avant la commutation de la vanne de détente 182. Ceci évite que le fluide sous pression accumulé dans l'accumulateur 15 ne s'échappe vers la bâche 19. La vanne de détente 182 et la vanne d'accumulateur 181 sont réglées pour commuter lorsque la pression de commande est supérieure à un seuil prédéterminé, par exemple 10, 40, 60 ou 100 bar. L'ouverture de la vanne de détente 182 est proportionnelle à la différence entre la pression des deuxièmes chambres 122, 132 et le seuil prédéterminé.The first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13 is also connected to the accumulator 15, by means of regulation means 18. The means of regulation 18 can disconnect the accumulator 15 and purge the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13. For this, they comprise a normally open accumulator valve 181 placed on the pipe connecting the accumulator 15 and the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13. The regulation means 18 further comprise a normally closed expansion valve 182 placed on the pipe connecting the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13 to the tank 19. The expansion valve 182 and the storage valve are hydraulically controlled by the pressure of the second chambers 122, 132 so that the switching of the accumulator valve occurs before the switching of the expansion valve 182. This avoids that the pressurized fluid accumulated in the accumulator 15 s' escapes to the tarpaulin 19. The expansion valve 182 and the accumulator valve 181 are set to switch when the control pressure is above a threshold predetermined, for example 10, 40, 60 or 100 bar. The opening of the expansion valve 182 is proportional to the difference between the pressure of the second chambers 122, 132 and the predetermined threshold.

Le système comporte également des moyens de purge 150 pour vider l'accumulateur 15 du fluide sous pression. Ces moyens sont commandés manuellement ou avec la mise en route de l'engin 1 pour provoquer la purge lors de la mise à l'arrêt de l'engin 1. Ces moyens sont classiques et ne sont pas détaillés ici.The system also comprises purge means 150 for emptying the accumulator 15 of the fluid under pressure. These means are controlled manually or with the start of the machine 1 to cause purging during the shutdown of the machine 1. These means are conventional and are not detailed here.

A la mise en route de l'engin 1, l'accumulateur 15 hydraulique est déchargé. La pompe 16 est mise en route et envoie un débit d'huile. La vanne de distribution 14 est en position neutre de telle sorte que l'huile en provenance de la pompe 16 retourne à la bâche 19. Les conduits menant aux vérins sont obturés par la vanne de distribution 14. Les moyens de purge 150 sont en position fermée et la vanne d'accumulateur 181 est en position ouverte.At the start of the machine 1, the hydraulic accumulator 15 is discharged. The pump 16 is started and sends an oil flow. The dispensing valve 14 is in the neutral position so that the oil coming from the pump 16 returns to the tank 19. The ducts leading to the cylinders are closed by the dispensing valve 14. The purge means 150 are in position closed and the accumulator valve 181 is in the open position.

On suppose que le premier mouvement à commander est une levée de la charge. La vanne de distribution 14 est mise en position de levée, ce qui permet d'alimenter en huile sous pression la première chambre 121 du premier vérin 12 et, par l'intermédiaire de la vanne anti-retour 17, la première chambre 131 du deuxième vérin 13. Les deuxièmes chambres 122, 132 des vérins sont connectées à la bâche 19 par la vanne de distribution 14. Comme le niveau de pression dans le circuit de retour est faible, la vanne d'accumulateur 181 est ouverte et la pression de la pompe 16 est dérivée en partie dans l'accumulateur 15. La pression dans l'accumulateur 15 atteint un niveau sensiblement équivalent à celui de la pression dans les premières chambres 121, 131.It is assumed that the first movement to be controlled is a lifting of the load. The dispensing valve 14 is placed in the raised position, which makes it possible to supply pressurized oil to the first chamber 121 of the first cylinder 12 and, through the non-return valve 17, the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13. The second chambers 122, 132 of the cylinders are connected to the tank 19 by the distribution valve 14. As the pressure level in the return circuit is low, the storage valve 181 is open and the pressure of the pump 16 is partially diverted into the accumulator 15. The pressure in the accumulator 15 reaches a level substantially equivalent to that of the pressure in the first chambers 121, 131.

Lorsque la levée est terminée, la vanne de distribution 14 retourne à la position neutre. La pression dans les premières chambres 121, 131 est maintenue.When the lifting is complete, the dispensing valve 14 returns to the neutral position. The pressure in the first chambers 121, 131 is maintained.

Lorsqu'on enchaîne ensuite avec une descente, la vanne de distribution 14 est placée en position de descente en mettant en communication la première chambre 121 du premier vérin 12 avec la bâche 19 et les deuxièmes chambres 122, 132 avec la pompe 16. Le premier vérin 12, du fait de la perte de pression dans la première chambre 121, ne soutient plus la charge. Par ailleurs, la pression fournie par l'accumulateur 15 est bloquée par la vanne anti-retour 17 et alimente la première chambre 131 du deuxième vérin 13.When then linked with a descent, the dispensing valve 14 is placed in the lowering position by putting in communication the first chamber 121 of the first cylinder 12 with the cover 19 and the second chambers 122, 132 with the pump 16. The first cylinder 12, because of the pressure loss in the first chamber 121, no longer supports the load. Moreover, the pressure supplied by the accumulator 15 is blocked by the non-return valve 17 and supplies the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13.

L'ouverture des vannes de sécurité est commandée en même temps que le passage en position de descente de la vanne de distribution 14, ce qui autorise la décharge des premières chambres 121, 131. Si la charge sur la flèche 10 est suffisante, la descente des tiges de vérin est obtenue par le relâchement de la pression dans la première chambre 121 du premier vérin 12. La première chambre 131 du deuxième vérin 13 reste sous la pression fournie par l'accumulateur 15. Le fluide dans la première chambre 131 du deuxième vérin 13 est mis en compression et transféré dans l'accumulateur 15, ce qui permet de stocker de l'énergie récupérée sur la descente de la charge.The opening of the safety valves is controlled at the same time as the passage to the lowering position of the dispensing valve 14, which allows the discharge of the first chambers 121, 131. If the load on the boom 10 is sufficient, the descent actuator rods are obtained by releasing the pressure in the first chamber 121 of the first cylinder 12. The first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13 remains under pressure provided by the accumulator 15. The fluid in the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13 is put into compression and transferred into the accumulator 15, which stores energy recovered on the descent of the load.

Lors de la phase de levée suivante, l'accumulateur 15 fournit de la pression à la première chambre 131 du deuxième vérin 13, pendant que l'alimentation n'a besoin de fournir que la première chambre 121 du premier vérin 12, tant que le niveau de pression reste inférieur à celui fourni par l'accumulateur 15.In the next lifting phase, the accumulator 15 supplies pressure to the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13, while the supply only needs to supply the first chamber 121 of the first cylinder 12, as long as the pressure level remains lower than that provided by the accumulator 15.

Si la charge est insuffisante pour contrer la pression fournie par l'accumulateur 15, le fluide fourni aux deuxièmes chambres 122, 132 monte en pression pour assister la descente de la charge. Lorsque cette pression dépasse le seuil prédéterminé, la vanne d'accumulateur 181 commute et isole l'accumulateur 15. Dans le même temps, ou avec un léger décalage temporel ou de niveau de pression, la vanne de détente 182 s'ouvre au moins partiellement afin de laisser s'échapper du fluide de la première chambre 131 du deuxième vérin 13 vers la bâche 19. Le niveau de pression dans l'accumulateur 15 se trouve alors ajusté, sans intervention du conducteur. On constate que cet ajustement n'intervient que rarement, lorsque la nature du travail effectué par l'engin 1 change. Ainsi, dans la plupart des cycles de levée et descente, le deuxième vérin 13 et l'accumulateur 15 permettent la récupération d'énergie.If the load is insufficient to counter the pressure provided by the accumulator 15, the fluid supplied to the second chambers 122, 132 rises in pressure to assist the descent of the load. When this pressure exceeds the predetermined threshold, the accumulator valve 181 switches and isolates the accumulator 15. At the same time, or with a slight time offset or pressure level, the expansion valve 182 opens at least partially in order to let fluid flow from the first chamber 131 of the second cylinder 13 to the tank 19. The pressure level in the accumulator 15 is then adjusted, without intervention of the driver. It is noted that this adjustment occurs only rarely, when the nature of the work done by the machine 1 changes. Thus, in most cycles of lifting and lowering, the second cylinder 13 and the accumulator 15 allow the recovery of energy.

Dans un mode de réalisation la vanne de détente 182 est une vanne proportionnelle, qui s'ouvre proportionnellement à la différence de pression entre la pression de commande et le seuil prédéterminé. La décharge du deuxième vérin est alors progressive et aucun à-coup ne peut être généré.In one embodiment the expansion valve 182 is a proportional valve, which opens proportionally to the pressure difference between the control pressure and the predetermined threshold. The discharge of the second cylinder is then progressive and no jerk can be generated.

L'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit à titre d'exemple. La commutation des vannes de détente et d'accumulateur pourra être pilotée électriquement, avec une détection du seuil de pression par des moyens électroniques. La deuxième chambre 132 du deuxième vérin 13 pourrait être connectée directement à la bâche 19. Le système selon l'invention peut être aussi mis en place pour plusieurs articulations, par exemple pour l'articulation du balancier sur une même machine.The invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described by way of example. The switching of the expansion valves and accumulator can be controlled electrically, with detection of the pressure threshold by electronic means. The second chamber 132 of the second cylinder 13 could be connected directly to the sheet 19. The system according to the invention can also be set up for several joints, for example for the articulation of the balance on the same machine.

Claims (10)

  1. Hydraulic system of handling equipment or earth-moving machinery (1) comprising a movable element (10) moved by a first (12) and a second jack (13) mounted in parallel and coupled mechanically, the system comprising a feed with hydraulic fluid under pressure, a tank (19) for containing the hydraulic fluid, a directional control valve (14) for selectively connecting a first chamber (121) and a second chamber (122) of the first jack (12) to the feed or to the tank (19), the pressurizing of the first chamber (121) being able to cause the lifting of a load by the machinery (1), an accumulator (15) for storing fluid under pressure, the accumulator (15) being connected to a first chamber (131) of the second jack (13), the system being characterized in that it comprises a non-return valve (17) between the first chambers (121, 131), the non-return valve (17) allowing passage of fluid from the first chamber (121) of the first jack (12) to the first chamber (131) of the second jack (13), regulating means (18) for disconnecting the accumulator (15) and purging the first chamber (131) of the second jack (13), means for controlling the regulating means (18) operating the disconnection of the accumulator (15) and the purging of the first chamber (131) of the second jack (13) when the pressure in the second chamber (122) of the first jack (12) is above a predetermined threshold.
  2. System according to claim 1, in which the controlling means are hydraulic.
  3. System according to claim 2, in which the regulating means (18) comprise a normally open accumulator valve (181) installed in the line connecting the accumulator (15) and the first chamber (131) of the second jack (13) and controlled by the pressure of the second chamber (122) of the first jack (12).
  4. System according to claim 2, in which the regulating means (18) comprise a normally closed expansion valve (182) installed in the line connecting the first chamber (131) of the second jack (13) to the tank (19).
  5. System according to claim 4, in which the expansion valve (182) is controlled hydraulically by the pressure of the second chamber (122) of the first jack (12).
  6. System according to claim 4, in which the opening of the expansion valve (182) is proportional to the difference between the pressure of the second chamber (122) of the first jack (12) and the predetermined threshold.
  7. System according to claim 1, in which a second chamber (132) of the second jack (13) is connected to the second chamber (122) of the first jack (12).
  8. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises purging means (150) for emptying the accumulator (15) of the fluid under pressure.
  9. System according to claim 1, in which the predetermined threshold is between 10 and 100 bar, preferably between 40 and 60 bar.
  10. Method of controlling a hydraulic system of handling equipment or earth-moving machinery (1) comprising a movable element (10) moved by a first (12) and a second jack (13) mounted in parallel and coupled mechanically, an accumulator (15) for storing fluid under pressure, the accumulator (15) being connected to a first chamber (131) of the second jack (13), and according to said method a first chamber (121) and a second chamber (122) of the first jack (12) are connected selectively to a feed or to a tank (19), the pressurizing of the first chamber (121) being capable of causing lifting of a load by the machinery (1), characterized in that it allows passage of fluid from the first chamber (121) of the first jack (12) to the first chamber (131) of the second jack (13) when the pressure on the side of the first jack (12) is greater than that on the side of the second jack (13), and it disconnects the accumulator (15) and purges the first chamber (131) of the second jack (13) when the pressure in the second chamber (122) of the first jack (12) is above a predetermined threshold.
EP10708298A 2009-02-09 2010-02-08 Hydraulic system for a handling or earthmoving machine with an energy accumulator Active EP2393996B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0950783A FR2941976B1 (en) 2009-02-09 2009-02-09 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM OF HANDLING OR EARTHING EQUIPMENT WITH ENERGY ACCUMULATOR
PCT/FR2010/050198 WO2010089518A1 (en) 2009-02-09 2010-02-08 Hydraulic system for a handling or earthmoving machine with an energy accumulator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2393996A1 EP2393996A1 (en) 2011-12-14
EP2393996B1 true EP2393996B1 (en) 2013-04-03

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EP10708298A Active EP2393996B1 (en) 2009-02-09 2010-02-08 Hydraulic system for a handling or earthmoving machine with an energy accumulator

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EP (1) EP2393996B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2941976B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2010089518A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010041043A1 (en) * 2010-09-20 2012-03-22 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Storage arrangement for a hydraulic supply of a vehicle transmission
DE102011008145B3 (en) * 2011-01-08 2012-02-02 Parker Hannifin Gmbh Energy-efficient hydraulic drive for the linear movement of a mass body
FR2971023B1 (en) * 2011-01-31 2014-07-11 Poclain Hydraulics Ind HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION DEVICE FOR ENERGY RECOVERY
RU2558712C2 (en) * 2011-03-21 2015-08-10 Шуанлай ЯН Lifting gear and method of lifting of construction vehicle boom and construction vehicle with such lifting gear
WO2014017958A1 (en) * 2012-07-26 2014-01-30 Volvo Construction Equipment Ab Balanced linkage
GB2546485A (en) 2016-01-15 2017-07-26 Artemis Intelligent Power Ltd Hydraulic apparatus comprising synthetically commutated machine, and operating method

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JPS60250128A (en) * 1984-05-25 1985-12-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Liquid pressure regenerative circuit
CZ279137B6 (en) * 1991-12-04 1995-01-18 František Ing. Krňávek Apparatus for recuperation of potential energy of a working device of a building or earth-moving machine
JP3129495B2 (en) * 1991-12-13 2001-01-29 株式会社小松製作所 Potential energy recovery device for lifting machine
SE9700297D0 (en) 1997-01-31 1997-01-31 Lars Bruun Device for hydraulically operated work tools
JP2004115245A (en) * 2002-09-27 2004-04-15 Komatsu Ltd Potential energy recovering/reproducing device of work machine
US7823379B2 (en) * 2006-11-14 2010-11-02 Husco International, Inc. Energy recovery and reuse methods for a hydraulic system
US7634911B2 (en) * 2007-06-29 2009-12-22 Caterpillar Inc. Energy recovery system
US20090025379A1 (en) * 2007-07-24 2009-01-29 Parker-Hannifin Corporation System for recovering energy from a hydraulic lift

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010089518A1 (en) 2010-08-12
EP2393996A1 (en) 2011-12-14
FR2941976A1 (en) 2010-08-13
FR2941976B1 (en) 2011-03-11

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