EP2385532B1 - Cable which retains its function in a fire and installation set for an electric installation which retains its function in a fire - Google Patents

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a fire function maintenance cable and a kit for an electrical installation with functional integrity in case of fire.

Background of the invention

In larger buildings, transportation structures (such as tunnels) and ships, the evacuation time may be 30 minutes or more. These are therefore usually equipped with electrical emergency equipment that must be supplied in case of fire, at least for the evacuation time with electrical energy to allow evacuation. These include e.g. Smoke exhaust fan, emergency lighting, signs etc.

The suitability of the electrical installation for power supply even under the influence of fire is generally referred to as "circuit integrity". The functional integrity is standardized by various standards. For example, cables are subjected to voltage in accordance with the standard IEC 60331-11 / -21 / -23 / -25 and exposed to a temperature greater than 750 ° C. for 90-180 min. Under the action of flame. After some time, the wire insulation of the cable of the flame exposure lose their insulating ability and there is a short circuit between cable wires; this means loss of function. The behavior under this test is indicated by "FE" indicating the duration of function preservation in minutes; A cable that shows a function over 90 minutes, for example, is called "FE90". Similar standards are BS 6387 cat. C and VDE 0472-814. Other standards relate to the functional integrity of cables under the action of fire and water (which, for example, the effect of sprinkler systems in a fire to be displayed), such as DS 6387 cat. W and VdS 3423. Other standards concern the functional integrity of cables under the influence of fire and mechanical impact (for example, the effect of parts falling on the cable, as is often the case in a fire), such as EN 50200, EN 50362, and ES 6387 cat. Z. In addition, there are standards that affect the functional integrity not only of cables but of entire installation systems. This is also referred to as "System Circuit Integrity". System integrity preserves not only cable-carrying elements (such as cable fasteners, suspensions and guides) and electrical connectors (such as branching and connection devices), but all together to ensure functional integrity an entire installation. For example, in a test according to this standard, the flame treatment and thus heating of a total installation over a length of 3 m takes place in accordance with a certain rising unit temperature curve, which initially rises relatively steeply and then becomes ever flatter until it reaches 900 ° C after 90 minutes. The behavior under this test is indicated by "E" indicating the duration of the function maintenance in minutes. So "E90" means system function maintenance over 90 min.

Conventional cables do not fill such functional maintenance conditions, since under the action of fire, the core insulation melts or burns quickly and then comes through contact with the conductor to short circuit. It therefore requires short-circuit avoidance of special equipment, such as special wire insulation. Generally, achieving longer service life is technically demanding. The same applies with regard to the relatively high demands which the system function maintenance standards place on supporting elements and connecting elements.

From the pamphlets JP 2002 2075070 A . JP 03 084812 A and JP 2002 260452 A Flat cables with non-combustible insulation are known.

The present invention provides a ribbon integrity-maintaining cable and an electrical installation kit that is functionally functional and that provides relatively long service life with relatively little engineering effort.

Summary of the invention

According to the invention, the fire function maintenance cable is a flat cable with a plurality of parallel current conductors running parallel to one another in a plane. Between the power cores fire-resistant insulating material is arranged. An insulating sleeve surrounds the power cores and the fire-resistant insulating material. The distance of adjacent power current from the conductor surface to the conductor surface is at least twice the diameter of the conductor. In addition to the fire-resistant insulating material, this spacing helps prevent the wires from coming into contact when the insulating sleeve is burnt out.

Another (secondary) aspect relates to a kit for an electrical installation with functional integrity in case of fire. The kit includes a fire function maintaining cable of the above type of flat cable as well as connecting devices for stripping-free tapping of the flat cable. The connecting device engages around the flat cable and has contact screws which can be screwed into the flat cable. Here, a pair of contact screws is provided for the power cores. The two contact screws of a pair are arranged so that when a flat cable is connected, a contact screw contacts one side of the conductor of the power cable and the other contact screw contacts the other side of the power cable. The contact screws have a thread, so that the conductor is laterally wedged by the two contact screws with the threads.

Another (secondary) aspect relates to a running electrical installation, comprising at least one fire function maintenance cable and at least one connection device of the type mentioned above and can be produced, for example, using said kit.

General description of the flat cable and its optional features

Flat cables are not only used as data cables, but are also used as part of building installation technology for power lines. Such a high-current flat cable and an associated connection device for stripping-free tapping of the flat cable, for example, from DE-AS2 206 187 known. By "high current" in the present specification is meant current under a voltage of at least 100V (eg below 120V / 60Hz in North America, and 230V / 50Hz in most other countries; voltage references refer to one phase to ground respectively) Energy supply of electrical consumers understood; a "power line" is isolated from the other power lines of a cable against such voltages and is typically designed for currents of at least 6A. There are also hybrid flat cable with power conductors and data transmission cores known (eg from the EP 0 665 608 A2 ). Such hybrid flat cables are also to be regarded as "flat cables with power cores" in view of their power component.

The inventors of the present invention have recognized that a flat cable is in principle particularly suitable for functional integrity. In conventional round cables, the wires are twisted together. In case of fire, therefore, after the conductor insulation has burnt, the wire conductors come to lie at the intersection points. In the case of flat cables, however, core conductors run without crossing points in the cable. Therefore, a flat cable behaves in terms of the risk of short circuit from the outset cheaper. In addition, a flat cable has virtually no Internal stresses typical of twisted round cables therefore have no pronounced tendency, such as the round cable, to discard when the insulation is burnt.

In response to this finding of the fundamentally more favorable suitability of a flat cable for functional integrity, the present invention sets forth, and in addition proposes to arrange fire-resistant insulating material between the high-voltage conductors of the flat cable. This insulating material prevents the conductors of the power cores from touching each other, for example, when subjected to mechanical impact. The power cores and the fire-resistant insulating material are surrounded by a plastic insulating sleeve, which forms a position-defining embedding for the power conductors and the fire-resistant insulating material in the event of non-fire. The insulating sleeve is in turn surrounded in some embodiments of a cable sheath made of plastic, which defines the outer contour of the flat cable, the cable optionally gives resistance to aggressive substances and can be color-coded and labeled. In some embodiments, the insulation also takes over the function of the outer cable sheath.

Conventionally, in order to provide a functional integrity cable, those skilled in the art of round cable would be aware of the conventional wire insulations with which e.g. the cores of a conventional round cable lie on top of each other, made of fire-resistant insulating material. However, in the flat cable, the fire-resistant insulating material preferably extends like a web between the power cores from one power line to the next. The webs extend e.g. parallel to the cable plane and are e.g. in the middle plane of the flat cable, in which also run the power lines. The fire-resistant insulating material thus forms a spacer for the power cores in the form of a web, which is retained even when all non-fire-resistant insulation burned down. The fire-resistant insulating material thus does not uniformly surround the power cores in all directions, but extends mainly only in the direction in which an adjacent power core is located. This is the direction in which there is a risk of short-circuits when shifting the power current.

In one embodiment of the invention, the fire-resistant insulating material is formed by at least one fire-resistant insulating layer. In a single-phase flat cable, this generally has two or three power conductors, in a three-phase flat cable, there are generally four or five power conductors (one core per phase, and one core each for earth and protective conductor, the latter can be combined). The insulating layer preferably extends over the entire surface between the outer power cable, For example, it covers three or five power lines, including two or four spaces. The fire-resistant insulating layer encloses the power cores at least partially. Insulating layer extends offset to the center plane of the flat cable between the power cores.

In some embodiments, the cable is made with two fire-resistant insulating layers, one of which is applied from one side of the flat cable and the other from the other side. The insulating layers may be provided with adhesive for the manufacture on their mutually facing surfaces so that they form an adhesive bond where they meet one another (between the wires, in the center plane of the flat cable defined by the wires). The two fire-resistant insulating layers thus together enclose the power cores and form between them insulating fire-resistant webs.

In one embodiment of the invention, said fire-resistant insulating layer comprises a mica layer. In embodiments each having a fire-resistant insulating layers on the lower and upper side, therefore, e.g. two mica layers available. Mica is a good cleavable alumina silicate that is electrically insulating and fire resistant.

However, a pure mica layer is relatively difficult to process. In some embodiments, the fire-resistant insulating layer comprises a flexible carrier tape, e.g. a glass cloth tape. The mica layer may be glued to the flexible carrier tape. The flexible carrier tape is applied to the power cores together with the mica layer in the manufacture of the flat cable, e.g. ironed. The two layers of mica can thereby e.g. lie respectively outside (in this case, the two carrier tapes are glued together in the median plane), or each lie inside (in this case, the two mica tapes are glued together in the median plane), or it can encounter a mica layer on a carrier tape (in this case mica layer and carrier tape are glued together in the middle plane).

In the conventional flat cable, the power cores usually consist of a conductor and a wire insulation enclosing the conductor in a ring-shaped manner in cross-section (non-fire-resistant) plastic. On the basis of this, the skilled person - if he has been informed of the teaching to equip a flat cable with a fire-resistant insulating layer for the purpose of functional integrity - would probably remember the fire-resistant insulating layer The core insulations are made of plastic. Rather, there is only one or the two fire-resistant insulating layers, and outside of these a common insulating plastic. It has been recognized that non-fire resistant insulating material between the wire conductors and the insulating layer (s) could burn when burned, possibly damaging the insulating layer on such core insulation. In order to preclude such, in some embodiments, the fire-resistant insulating layer directly adjoins the conductors of the high current electrode, thus enclosing non-fire resistant insulation.

In alternative embodiments, the refractory insulating material between the Starkstromadem not in the form of webs, but rather is formed by each between two Starkstromadem longitudinal insulating bars or Isolierseile. Also in this alternative embodiment, the fire-resistant insulating material between the power amp prevents it, e.g. come in contact with a mechanical loading of the cable and thus could cause a short circuit.

In some embodiments, the material of the insulating rods or Isolierseile glass and / or ceramic material.

In some embodiments, the functional integrity is further improved by making the insulating sheath entirely or partially of a plastic material mixed with mineral, which crystallizes on burning to form a crust. This crust formation additionally stabilizes the flat cable mechanically in the event of fire, thereby further reducing the risk of short circuits. The said mineral may, for example, be one or more porcelain starting materials, such as kaolin.

As a further measure to reduce the risk of short circuits in the event of fire, in some embodiments, the power amp are arranged at a distance from each other which is greater than the usual minimum distance. For example, the distance of adjacent power current from conductor surface to conductor surface is at least 2.5 times, and preferably at least 3 times, the diameter of the conductor of the high voltage electrode. The relatively large distance carries In addition to the insertion of fire-resistant insulating material between the wires to the fact that when spent insulating sleeve, the wires, for example, do not come in contact with shock.

1. (i) Die Leiter der Starkstromadern werden unter Spannung in ihrer später im Flachkabel einzunehmenden Lage (also parallel in einer Ebene mit Abstand zueinander) geführt;
2. (ii) an beiden Flachseiten werden an diese Leiteranordnung jeweils eine Schicht feuerbeständiges Isoliermaterial angedrückt, z.B. aufgebügelt. Die Schicht wird beispielsweise durch ein flexibles feuerbeständiges Trägerband (etwa ein Glasgewebeband) mit aufgeklebter Glimmerschicht gebildet und ist jeweils zu den Leitern hin mit Klebstoff versehen. Sie umschließt so die Leiter und verklebt zwischen den Leitern zu einer gemeinsamen Schicht feuerbeständigen Isoliermaterials;
3. (iii) die Isolierhülle wird auf die Schicht feuerbeständigen Isoliermaterials extrudiert;
4. (iv) ggf. wird noch ein äußerer Mantel auf die Isolierhülle extrudiert.

A method for producing a fire function maintenance cable of the type described can include, for example, the following steps:

1. (i) The conductors of the power conductors are under tension in their subsequent flat cable in the position (ie parallel in a plane spaced from each other) out;
2. (ii) on both flat sides, a layer of fire-resistant insulating material is pressed against this conductor arrangement, eg ironed. The layer is formed for example by a flexible fire-resistant carrier tape (such as a glass cloth tape) glued with glued layer and is provided in each case to the conductors with adhesive. It thus encloses the conductors and glued between the conductors to a common layer of fire-resistant insulating material;
3. (iii) the insulating sheath is extruded onto the layer of fire-resistant insulating material;
4. (iv) if necessary, an outer jacket is extruded onto the insulating sleeve.

These steps are e.g. carried out simultaneously in a continuous process at different stations of a production line, along which the flat cable to be produced moves steadily. For example, at the beginning there are ladder drums, from which the ladders are unwound. These can then pass through as the next station an alignment, bringing them in the said position. Subsequently, the aligned conductors may pass through as the next station a device for pressing or ironing the fire-resistant insulating layers. The next station is an extruder, through the nozzle of which the bundle thus obtained is passed through two fire-resistant insulating layers with conductors located therebetween. As a result, the insulating layer is extruded. It may follow as a further station a passage through another extruder for the outer jacket. The last station is a cable drum on which the finished cable is wound up.

General description of the kit and the electrical installation and their optional features, especially with regard to a connection device with functional integrity

Further aspects of the invention relate to a kit for an electrical installation, as well as a corresponding executed electrical installation with functional integrity in case of fire, comprising at least a flat cable of the type described above and at least one connection device for stripping-free tapping of the continuous (so not aufzutrennenden) flat cable, which functional integrity guaranteed in case of fire. The connecting device engages around the flat cable and has contact screws which can be screwed into the flat cable, a pair of contact screws being provided for each of the power cores. The two contact screws of a pair are arranged so that when a flat cable is connected, a contact screw contacts one side of the conductor of the power cable and the other contact screw contacts the other side of the power cable. The contact screws have a thread, so that the conductor is laterally wedged by the two contact screws with the threads.

In conventional connection devices, for example, in the manner of DE-AS 2 206 187 described contacting the Starkstroinadern each carried by a tip provided with a contact screw, which is located above the respective wire and when screwing with its tip first penetrates the wire insulation and then penetrates the center of the conductor of the core and thus contacted him. In case of fire, however, the cooling of the electrical contact between the contact screw and wire conductor is not guaranteed in such a conventional connection devices, because when burning off the cable insulation missing from the contact screw tip conductor is missing the otherwise mediated by the cable insulation counter-support, so it is expected that Contact screw and wire conductor will separate from each other.

In the connection device described here, however, a cohesion of contact screw and core conductor is still guaranteed even when the entire cable insulation is burned. This is achieved in that a pair of contact screws is provided for each power amp. The two contact screws of a pair are arranged so that a contact screw contacts one side of the core conductor and the other contact screw contacts the other of the core conductor so that they trap the conductor between them. In addition, the contact screws where they contact the wire conductor, provided with a thread (unlike eg in the DE-AS 2 206 187 in which the contact screws have a smooth surface in the contact area) so that they can clamp the wire conductor of the two silks with their threads. When screwing in, the thread edges of the contact screws cut laterally into the wire conductor and thus form a counter thread in the wire conductor, in which the contact screw engages positively with its thread. As usual with screw threads, the pitch of the thread is chosen so small that self-locking exists, so for example by applying force in the axial direction no rotation of the contact screw can be caused. Due to the narrowing of the wire conductor between the two contact screws and the self-locking thread engagement between contact screws and wire conductors is functional integrity (ie the cohesion of contact screws and wire conductors) if the cable insulation can no longer exert counter-forces because of burning.

In some embodiments, the two contact screws of a pair at the same height of the continuous wire conductor (ie, on a straight line perpendicular to the wire conductor) are arranged. In other embodiments, however, they are arranged offset to one another in the cable longitudinal direction. In the staggered arrangement, the two contact screws press the wire conductor laterally in opposite directions so that it runs slightly S-shaped around the contact screws. It wraps around the contact screws over part of its circumference, resulting in a larger contact area results. This increases the likelihood of contact retention in the event of a fire, for example if any mechanical stress in the conductor is lost, or if the cable suffers impacts from falling objects.

In some embodiments, the thread for lateral contacting of the power line is at the same time the screw thread that serves to screw in the contact screw during installation. The thread thus goes from the end region of the contact screw, where it contacts the wire conductor, through to its shaft region located closer to the screw head. In other embodiments, the thread for side contacting the power line is a different thread from that screw thread. For example, the diameter of the serving for contacting end-lying thread may be smaller than that of the screwing used, lying in the shaft region thread. In some embodiments, the pitch of the thread to be contacted is greater than that of the thread for threading. The latter measure has the effect that when the contact screws are screwed in, the wire conductor is pulled upwards (ie in the direction of the screw head) by the engagement of the thread used for contacting. The conductor comes is thus tightened deeper between the two contact screws, which also has a favorable effect on the functional integrity.

In some embodiments serves as a version for the two contact screws, a threaded block made of metal, which is arranged on the flat side of the cable above the respective wire to be contacted. For threaded reception of the two contact screws of the pair, it is provided with corresponding mating threads. The metallic thread block is not only used in the mechanical sense as a socket for the contact screws, but is also in electrical contact with the contact screws and thus the wire conductor by the threaded contact. Even if all the insulation burns down in the event of a fire, the metallic threaded block holds the two contact screws in their position that constrains the wire conductor and thus remains in electrical contact with the wire conductor.

In principle, there are various possibilities for preventing a threaded block from generating a short circuit in the event of a fire due to contact with a neighboring core; For example, fireproof spacers between wires and threaded blocks are provided in some embodiments for this purpose. In some embodiments, the risk of touching the neighboring conductor is already excluded or reduced so far by the spatial arrangement of the threaded blocks that can be dispensed with such a fire-resistant spacer between wires and threaded blocks. Thus, in some embodiments, the threaded blocks are disposed only over their respective power core. In other words, a threaded block extends transversely to the cable longitudinal direction only so far that it does not come into coincidence with the conductor of a neighboring wire. In addition, in some embodiments, the threaded blocks are arranged to increase their relative distances seen in the cable longitudinal direction offset from each other.

In some embodiments, a socket is provided for the threaded blocks, which is made of fire-resistant insulating material, such as glass or ceramic. It acts as an insulating spacer on the sides of the threaded blocks and the top of the threaded blocks facing away from the flat cable. Even if all plastic insulation burn, thus the threaded blocks are fixed in their relative position. Due to the double screw connections between the threaded blocks and the wires, the wires are thus fixed in their relative position. The distance to the side and upwards also prevents a conductive contact with housing parts, or a metal cage described in more detail below. As mentioned above, however, the cable does not require a fire-resistant insulating Distance to be provided, since the threaded blocks are already conductively connected via the contact screws with the respective associated wire conductor, so that a burning of the interposed cable insulation is not a threat to the functional integrity.

In some embodiments, the insulating fireproof socket is in one piece and has nests for receiving the threaded blocks. Basically, a multi-piece training is conceivable, the version would then put together during assembly of the individual pieces. The one-piece design allows the other hand, a faster and easier installation, since then, for example, only the threaded blocks need to be inserted into the socket. The nests are recesses for one thread block each. For example, the nests are open downward (i.e., towards the cable), allowing insertion of a threaded block from the underside of the socket prior to being placed on the cable together with the threaded blocks being inserted. To the top, the socket in the nests may have one or more openings to allow screwing the contact screws when mounted on cable socket. "One piece" does not mean, for example, that the frame needs to be made in one piece. Rather, it can also consist of several pieces which are fixed together, e.g. are glued. However, the property of integrality need not be preserved in case of fire: if e.g. the adhesive burns in case of fire, the integrity of the socket is usually lost; but this is harmless for the functional integrity, if the one-piece serves primarily for ease of assembly, but the socket in the mounted state of the connection device, for. held together by a refractory housing or cage. However, in some embodiments, the socket is made of one piece, for example, milled from a glass cuboid, or cast as a corresponding glass or ceramic molding.

In some embodiments, a metal housing is provided, which is also called "metal cage" because of the openings for the flat cable and a possibly existing opening, for example for a screwdriver for screwing the contact screws. The metal cage engages around the flat cable and forms an abutment for the threaded blocks. When screwing a contact screw in the insulation of the flat cable namely a reaction force can occur, which seeks to lift the threaded block einzudrehender contact screw from the flat cable. Although it is conceivable, given the two-sided threaded restriction of the wire conductors, to dispense with an abutment which prevents this lifting of the threaded block. However, it is preferable for example for the assembly that such a lifting of the threaded blocks constructive example, by the said metal cage is prevented. Since the metal cage is fire-resistant, the cohesion of the individual parts of the connection device caused by the metal cage also remains in case of fire. This has a favorable effect on the functional integrity in case of fire.

In some embodiments, the flat cable, the threaded blocks and possibly this receiving insulating fireproof socket are inserted or inserted in the assembly in the metal cage. There are various design options for this. For example, the metal cage can be equipped with an openable closable lid. The lid may e.g. hinged to hinges on the rest of the metal cage and e.g. be closed by means of screws. Alternatively, a cage which is not equipped with a lid, except at the end faces also e.g. be open at the top. At the upper opening an inwardly extending edge flange is formed. Through the upper opening, it is possible to insert the flat cable in the metal cage; the insulating fireproof socket with the threaded blocks can then e.g. be inserted from one of the front sides under the edge flange. Finally, the whole arrangement can be e.g. be braced by means of a wedge, which is inserted between the insulating fire-resistant socket and the edge flange.

The above description of the function of the metal cage as an abutment for the metal blocks is not to be understood that the metal blocks would have to be supported directly on the metal cage. Rather, in some embodiments, the insulating fireproof socket is interposed therebetween, thus preventing contact between metal cage and threaded blocks. In these embodiments, the metal cage thus forms the abutment for the threaded blocks with the interposition of the insulating socket.

In some embodiments, a spacer plate of fire-resistant insulating material, such as glass or ceramic is provided on the underside of the flat cable (ie, on its side facing away from the metal blocks with the contact screws). This is used for example during assembly of the connection device between flat cable and metal cage; Alternatively, an attachment of the spacer plate (eg by means of adhesive bond) on the metal cage is possible. Also, a coating of the inner surface of the metal cage opposite the flat cable with fire-resistant insulating material forms a "spacer plate" in this sense. When the insulation of the flat cable burns off, the spacer plate avoids the conductor conductors and / or the contact screws which possibly protrude downwards over the conductor conductors can come in contact with the metal cage.

Overall, the construction of the connection device in the above embodiments in a more general sense can also characterize that the connection device is constructed on the one hand of metal parts that prove their mechanical and electrical function even under fire action, and on the other hand of one or more spacer elements of fire-resistant insulating Material, such as glass or ceramic, is constructed so that even with a Abrennen or melting of all the insulation of the flat cable, an electrical short circuit between the various power conductors is excluded.

In some embodiments, the threaded blocks also each have a terminal, e.g. in the form of a screw terminal, arranged for a branching wire. In some of these embodiments, the terminal is e.g. be located near the flat cable level, so that the branch wires are guided by the multiple threaded blocks in corridors, which are incorporated in insulating fireproof socket at the bottom (i.e., on the side facing the flat cable). The screw for tightening the screw can, however, be accessible from the top of the insulating fire-resistant version. In some embodiments, overcurrent protection (i.e., a "fuse") is provided at the tap so that, in the event of a short circuit in the branch line, it is disconnected from the line formed by the flat cable so that the latter will not lose its function.

In view of a possible installation in a humid environment (eg in tunnels) and the application of extinguishing water, embodiments are advantageous in which the penetration of water prevents or at least impedes the contact area. To protect here are those places where the contact screws penetrate the insulation of the flat cable. For this purpose, in some embodiments between the flat cable and the insulating fireproof socket with the threaded blocks a seal, for example made of silicone rubber is provided. This seal is placed in the installation process after inserting the flat cable in the metal cage on the flat cable before the insulating fireproof socket - depending on the type of metal cage - placed or inserted. The seal prevents in the installed state of the connection device that water between flat cable and the insulating fire-resistant socket with the threaded blocks can penetrate to those points at which the contact screws have perforated the insulation of the flat cable.

In order to increase the sealing effect can be applied in some embodiments, the version with the help of the metal cage with force, and thus exert pressure on the seal, so that it is compressed. In embodiments in which the metal cage is equipped with a lid, the force can be applied for example by means of pressing on the socket lid by this is tightened with screws in its closed position. In embodiments with a capless, open-top cage edge flange, the application of force occurs e.g. by clamping with a wedge by inserting it between the insulating fireproof socket and the edge flange.

General description of the kit and the electrical installation and their optional features, especially with regard to a flat cable deflection device

In the embodiment discussed below, to provide a kit or a running installation, which in addition to said flat cable has a device called "flat cable deflection device", which allows the flat cable to run around a corner so that the function in case of fire is guaranteed, so that a short circuit of the power conductors of the flat cable, for example is prevented by wire contact.

In the conventional building installation with flat cables, the corner guide of the flat cable i.a. in a manner that is rather unfavorable to functional integrity, a horizontal flat cable is generally placed vertically in front of a vertical corner; in the corner it is then simply bent by 90 °. However, this technique has the disadvantage that due to the vertical locations of the flat cable whose power cores lie one above the other, and therefore there is a risk that when burning the cable insulation, the vertically stacked cores sink together, touching each other and thus cause a short circuit. The flat cable inherent advantage in terms of functional integrity due to the crossing-free juxtaposition of the wires is not used with this conventional technique of corner guide. For this purpose, it would be desirable if the flat cable before and after the corner could be horizontal and in the corner bending any mechanical stress on the power wires would be avoided, which could lead to a contact of the power wires when burning the cable insulation.

The inventors have realized that this goal with the help of a cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörpers is solved, the at least partially wraps around the flat cable. Hereby, a change in direction of a before and after the deflection horizontally extending flat cable can be achieved, the flat cable is only bent, but not stretched or compressed, so no beyond a bend mechanical stresses are exerted on this, which the veins of the flat cable in a burning of the Cable insulation could bring into contact. This property of a cylinder wrap is ultimately based on a property of a cylinder jacket treated in the differential geometry: the cylinder jacket has an outer, but no inner curvature. In fact, a triangle drawn on a cylindrical surface has an angle sum of 180 °, just as in a triangle in the plane, but unlike a triangle drawn on a sphere or a saddle surface which has an angle sum greater or smaller than 180 °. Due to the lack of internal curvature, a flexible but non-stretchable strip can be wrapped around a cylinder. This does not only apply to a winding perpendicular, but also obliquely to the cylinder axis.

Based on these findings, it must be ensured for the adaptation of a cylinder to achieve the desired functional integrity that the deflection device itself is fire-resistant, the Kabelumlenkkörper is not conductive and is so far spaced from a possibly conductive support that it does not burn when the cable insulation a short circuit comes. Accordingly, the invention provides a flat cable deflection device with functional integrity in case of fire, comprising a cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörper of fire-resistant insulating material and a holder for the cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörper of fire-resistant material. The holder is spaced from this, that it allows the wrapping of the cylindrical deflecting body with the flat cable, without touching it.

The flat cable runs over the deflection device and changes its direction. It wraps around the cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörper at least partially. The arrangement of the flat cable is not limited to horizontally extending flat cables; rather, the diverter device is equally suitable for cases in which the flat cable is laid under a pitch (e.g., in a sloping tunnel). It suffices that the cable transverse direction runs horizontally before and after the deflection device. The cable transverse direction is the direction transverse to the cable longitudinal direction, which lies in the plane spanned by the flat cable.

In some embodiments, the flat cable on the deflection undergoes no change in inclination, but only a vertical displacement about the diameter of the cylindrical Deflecting. The spanned by the flat cable before and after the deflection planes are thus parallel zueinender. The flat cable thus extends with its longitudinal direction before and after the deflection horizontally or with the same inclination. The axis of the cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörpers lies parallel to the plane spanned by the flat cable and is oriented transversely to the bisector of the cable longitudinal directions before and after the deflection. For example, in the case of a right-angled corner, the angle bisector of the corner angle extends at an acute angle of 45 ° to the cable longitudinal direction in front of the deflection device. The axis of the cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörpers is then arranged correspondingly at an obtuse angle of 135 ° to the cable longitudinal direction in front of the deflection device.

In the embodiments discussed so far, in which the inclination of the cable plane does not change, the cylindrical flat cable deflecting body is half wrapped, ie, the wrap angle of the flat cable on the deflecting body is 180 °. Theoretically, n, 5-fold wraps are conceivable, ie wrapping angle of 180 ° + n · 360 ° (with n = 1, 2, 3, ...).

Alternatively, the flat cable deflection device can also advantageously provide for a change in inclination of the flat cable, for example if a horizontal flat cable is to be deflected into the vertical. In this embodiment, an electrical installation so changes the cable longitudinal direction relative to the horizontal; the axis of the cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörpers is then oriented transversely to the cable longitudinal direction before and after the deflection device. The wrap angle is equal to the deflection angle in this embodiment; he is in the example mentioned a deflection from the horizontal to the vertical so 90 °.

The flat cable deflection device has a cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörper of fire-resistant insulating material and a holder for the cylindrical deflecting body made of fire-resistant material. The holder is so spaced from the cylindrical deflecting that it allows its wrapping with the flat cable, without touching it.

In some embodiments, the cylindrical cable diverter is prolate, i. the diameter of the cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörpers is smaller than the cylinder height.

The refractory insulating material of the cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörpers is for example glass or ceramic. Because the power cores of the flat cable burned even when Cable insulation do not touch the holder, this can be made for example of metal.

As mentioned above, the cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörper is to be arranged at a deflection without tilt change with its cylinder axis perpendicular to the bisector of Kabelumlenkwinkels. Depending on the deflection angle so different mounting bracket may be required. In principle, it is possible in each case to fix the deflecting device on the base such that the deflecting body is arranged at the required angle. In some embodiments, however, the bracket is adapted to permit attachment of the cylindrical cable diverter at different angles relative to the bracket. The facilitates the installation of the deflection device, since now needs to be considered approximately when mounting on the surface of the required adjustment angle only because the fine adjustment of the angle of Kabelumlenkkörpers can be done after attachment of the deflection on the pad. Also, it is hereby possible to realize after already successful attachment of the deflection another deflection angle than those for which the attachment position was originally intended.

In some embodiments, a slot fixing the Kabelumlenkkörpers to the holder ensures that the Kabelumlenkkörper can be arranged at different angles relative to the holder.

In order to protect the Kabelumlenkkörper entangled Starkstromadern in case of fire from falling objects, a cover is provided in some embodiments on the cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörper.

Explanation of the drawing

• Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines stufenweise aufgeschnittenen Flachkabels mit Funktionserhalt im Brandfall gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform mit stegartig zwischen den Adern angeordnetem feuerbeständigen Isoliermaterial;
• Fig. 2 eine Schnittansicht eines Flachkabels gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform mit zwischen den Adern in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Seilen aus feuerbeständigen Isoliermaterial;
• Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt einer Flachkabel-Anschlussvorrichtung mit Funktionserhalt im Brandfall;
• Fig. 4 eine Seitenansicht mit zwei verschiedenen Ausführungsformen von Kontaktschrauben:
• Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht eines Ausschnitts der in Fig. 3 im Schnitt dargestellten einer Flachkabel-Anschlussvorrichtung;
• Fig. 6 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Ausführungsform einer einstückigen Gewindeblock-Fassung;
• Fig. 7 eine perspektivische Ansicht der inneren Teile der Ausführungsform von Fig. 6, mit Ansicht der einstückigen Gewindeblock-Fassung von schräg unten; Gewindeblock-Fassung;
• Fig. 8 ein Längsschnitt einer Ausführungsform einer Arischlussvorrichtung mit einem schwenkbaren Spanndeckel;
• Fig. 9 eine schematische Draufsicht der Orientierung einer Flachkabel-Umlenkvorrichtung und des Kabelverlaufs bei Kabelumlenkung parallel zur Flachkabelebene;
• Fig. 10 a und b schematische Darstellungen des Umlenk- und des Umschlingungswinkels bei der Kabelumlenkung von Fig. 9, wobei Fig. 10b die Ansicht von Fig. 9 aus der Richtung Xb darstellt;
• Fig. 11 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Flachkabel-Umlenkvorrichtung;
• Fig. 12 ein Querschnitt der Flachkabel-Umlenkvorrichtung von Fig. 11 durch dessen Mittelebene;
• Fig. 13 a bis c schematische Darstellungen der Umlenk- und des Umschlingungswinkel bei einer Kabelumlenkung aus der Flachkabelebene heraus;
• Fig. 14 eine Seitenansicht eines Kabelträgers;
• Fig. 15 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Kabelträgers von Fig. 14;
• Fig. 16 eine schematische Darstellung eines Installationssatzes;
• Fig. 17 eine schematische Darstellung einer ausgeführten elektrischen Installation.

The attached drawing illustrates embodiments of the various aspects of the invention. In the drawing show:

• Fig. 1 a perspective view of a gradually cut flat cable with functional integrity in case of fire according to a first embodiment with web-like arranged between the wires fire-resistant insulating material;
• Fig. 2 a sectional view of a flat cable according to a second embodiment with extending between the wires in the longitudinal direction ropes of fire-resistant insulating material;
• Fig. 3 a cross section of a flat cable connection device with function in case of fire;
• Fig. 4 a side view with two different embodiments of contact screws:
• Fig. 5 a top view of a section of in Fig. 3 in section, a flat cable connection device;
• Fig. 6 a perspective view of an embodiment of a one-piece threaded block socket;
• Fig. 7 a perspective view of the inner parts of the embodiment of Fig. 6 , with view of the one-piece threaded block socket from below obliquely; Threaded block version;
• Fig. 8 a longitudinal section of an embodiment of an Arischlussvorrichtung with a hinged clamping lid;
• Fig. 9 a schematic plan view of the orientation of a flat cable deflection device and the cable course with cable deflection parallel to the flat cable level;
• Fig. 10 a and b are schematic representations of the deflection and the wrap angle in the cable deflection of Fig. 9 , in which Fig. 10b the view of Fig. 9 from the direction Xb represents;
• Fig. 11 a perspective view of a flat cable deflection device;
• Fig. 12 a cross section of the flat cable deflection of Fig. 11 through its median plane;
• Fig. 13 a to c schematic representations of the deflection and the wrap angle in a cable deflection out of the flat cable level out;
• Fig. 14 a side view of a cable carrier;
• Fig. 15 a perspective view of the cable carrier of Fig. 14 ;
• Fig. 16 a schematic representation of a kit;
• Fig. 17 a schematic representation of a running electrical installation.

Description of embodiments with reference to the drawing

The terms "cable longitudinal direction" and "cable transverse direction" used in the present description are illustrated in the figures by the directional arrows "L" and "Q", respectively.

This in FIG. 1 flat cable 1 shown as an example is intended for single-phase alternating current, and accordingly has three power cores 2 (phase conductor, ground and protective conductor). Each of these power cores 2 is formed by a wire conductor 3, which is directly - ie without the usual, in cross-section annular core insulation is comprised of a fire-resistant insulating layer, as will be explained in more detail. The wire conductors 3 extend at a distance parallel to each other in a plane, namely the center plane of the flat cable 1. The distance A between two wire conductors 3 is in FIG. 1 twice the diameter D of the wire conductors 3. In other embodiments, the ratio A / D is greater, eg 2.5 and 3.

In the median plane between the wire conductors 3 fire-resistant insulating material 4 is arranged web-like. It is formed by two fire-resistant insulating layers 5, one of which in FIG. 1 lying lower half of the wire conductor 3 and the other, the respective upper half of the wire conductor 3 in the form of a semicircle enclosing in cross section. The fire-resistant insulating layers 5 are - as already stated above - directly on the metallic surface of the wire conductor 3, without the interposition of a combustible wire insulation. Between the wire conductors 3, the fire-resistant insulating layers 5 are glued together in the median plane of the flat cable 1. The two insulating layers 5 thus together form fire-resistant webs between the wire conductors 3, which keep them at a distance even when fully burning the (described below) cable insulation and thus reduce the risk of a short circuit. The complete covering of the wire conductor 3 by the two fire-resistant insulating layers 5 also remains in case of fire and thus serves to avoid short circuits, if it should come into contact with an outer conductive component or - in spite of said webs - to contact two wire conductors 3.

The fire-resistant insulating layers 5 are each constructed of a fire-resistant carrier tape 6, here a glass cloth tape and a mica layer 7 glued thereto. At the in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment, the two fire-resistant insulating layers 5 are oriented so; that both mica layers 7 have to the cable core, so abut the wire conductors 3 and are glued together between the core conductors in the median plane. The carrier tapes 6 thus have to the outside.

The package formed by the conductor 3 and the fire-resistant insulating layers 5 is completely embedded in an insulating sheath 8, which the cable 1 in the event of fire gives mechanical stability. The insulating sleeve 5 is essentially made of a combustible plastic material, but is mixed with minerals (eg kaolin), which ceramize in case of fire. The insulating sheath 8 thus forms a crust in the event of fire, which offers the package formed of wire conductors 3 and fire-resistant insulating layers 5 a certain additional mechanical stability and additional protection against short-circuiting.

The insulating sleeve 8 is in turn surrounded by a cable sheath 9, which defines the outer contour of the flat cable 1. It is made of combustible plastic and burns down in case of fire. In the event of non-fire, however, it defines the outer contour of the flat cable 1. equipped on one of the narrow sides of the flat cable 1 with a Indexnase 10, which overcomes the otherwise given 180 ° symmetry of the flat cable 1 against rotation about the longitudinal axis L. In this way it can be ensured that the flat cable 1 can only be inserted with the correct orientation into a complementarily shaped connection device, but not with the underside upwards. The cable sheath 9 is possibly made of a special plastic, which gives the flat cable 1 resistance to aggressive substances. He is also the carrier for colored markings, labels, etc.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment in which instead of the web-like insulating material between the wire conductors 3 longitudinally extending ropes 11 made of fire-resistant insulating material, are arranged here, for example, glass fibers. In the illustrated embodiment, the wire conductors 3 and the cables 11 are embedded directly in the insulating sleeve. In other embodiments, however, they are together surrounded by a fire-resistant insulating layer, on which only the insulating sleeve is applied. Regarding the other characteristics of the FIG. 2 For example, with respect to the material of the insulating sleeve 8, etc. is the above embodiments of FIG. 1 also referred to for the FIG. 2 be valid.

Embodiments of a connection device with functional integrity in case of fire will now be based on the FIGS. 3 to 8 described in more detail.

The connecting device 12 is suitable, for example, to connect a branch conductor to a continuous flat cable 1, without this having to be stripped or even separated. It is rather a Anzapfkontaktierung, in which the connecting device 12 attached at any point of the flat cable 1 and electrical contact to the wire conductors 3 by penetration of the cable insulation (insulating sleeve 8 and cable sheath 9) and possibly the fire-resistant insulating layer 5 are made by contact elements. The contact elements are a pair of contact screws 13a, 13b for each power core 2. The contact screws 13a, 13b are arranged in a threaded block 14 on one or the other side of the associated wire conductor 3, and contact in the installed (= screwed) state one or the other side of the wire conductor 3. They force it with their thread 15 the conductor 3 from both sides. In FIG. 3 is one of the contact screws, namely 13a, already shown completely screwed, while the other contact screw 13b is shown only partially screwed.

FIG. 4 illustrates two different embodiments of contact screws. In the first embodiment 13 ', the thread 15 extends substantially over the entire length of the screw shaft. In the threaded block 14 is a corresponding mating thread for each contact screw 13 '. The thread 13 'is thus used in this embodiment, not only the better contacting the core conductor 3, but also the screwing of the contact screw 13' in the flat cable. 1

In the other embodiment 13 ", the thread 15 serving to contact the flat cable 1 is found only in the vicinity of the screw tip, and a second thread 15 'different from the screw head is engaged in the mating thread in the thread block 14 and thus serves the screwing of the contact screw 13 "in the flat cable 1. In the in FIG. 4 2, the contact-producing thread 15 has a smaller diameter and a greater pitch than the screw-thread 15 '.

Like from the Figures 5 and 7 shows, the two contact screws 13a, 13b of a pair with respect to the cable longitudinal direction L offset in the threaded block 14 are arranged. This causes a slight S-shaped looping of the contact screws 13a, 13b through the wire conductor 3, which in FIG. 5 denoted by 16.

The threaded blocks 14 also each have a terminal 17, here in the form of a screw. This is used to connect a branch wire, which is led out of the connection device 12 in more detail below. By providing the threaded blocks 14 of a conductive refractory material, i. here a metal such as Made brass, they provide an electrically conductive connection of the respectively associated wire conductor 3 via the two contact screws 13a, 13b and the terminal 17 to the branch wire, which remains when burned all the insulation, thus ensuring functional integrity in case of fire.

As FIG. 5 illustrated, the threaded blocks extend in the cable transverse direction Q only in a surrounding area over the associated wire conductor 3, but not up to an adjacent wire conductor 3. There is therefore no overlap of the wire conductor 3 of a neighboring wire 2. In addition, the threaded blocks 14 are also arranged offset in the longitudinal direction L, which is also possible not longitudinally offset arrangement allows larger distances between the threaded blocks 14.

In order to keep the threaded blocks 14 at a distance from one another and against a metal housing (described in greater detail below) and also to press on the flat cable 1, a socket 18 made of fire-resistant insulating material, here made of glass, is provided. In the embodiment of FIG. 5 this version consists of individual glass blocks 19 (where in FIG. 5 only those glass blocks 19 are drawn, which are associated with the central threaded block 14), while the socket 18 in the embodiment of FIGS. 6 and 7 is one piece, for example, is milled from a glass block. The cross-sectional representation of FIG. 3 Fig. 2 shows both embodiments in the same way as they are shown in the section axis (labeled "III" in Figs Figures 5 and 6 ) do not differ.

How out FIG. 3 As can be seen, the socket 18 encloses the threaded blocks 14 laterally, and extends in the direction away from the cable perpendicular direction (ie, the upward direction in FIG. 3 ) beyond the threaded blocks 14 together with screw heads. It surrounds the threaded blocks 14 at its upper edge with flanges 20 which have the function of pressing the threaded blocks 14 onto the flat cable 1 when the force is applied to the holder 18. Therefore, they form hold-down flange for the socket 18. Over each threaded block 14, the socket 18 leaves an opening which allows access to the screw heads of the contact screws 13a, 13b and the terminal 17, for example, to allow these screws to be screwed in.

In the embodiment with a one-piece socket 18, nests 21 for receiving the threaded blocks 14 are incorporated at their side facing the flat cable 1, the inner contour of which is essentially complementary to the outer contour of the threaded blocks 14 (see FIG FIG. 7 ). The socket 18 and the threaded blocks 14 are flush with the flat cable 1, ie they lie in a common plane.

The connecting device 12 is constructed in the assembled state inside a sandwich of several layers. This Schicliten construction is in the resolved representation of FIG. 7 illustrated. On the side facing away from the contact screws 13a, 13b of the flat cable 1 (ie, below in FIG. 7 ) is first a spacer plate 22 is provided, which is made of fire-resistant insulating material, here glass. The spacer plate 22 has at one their longitudinal sides an index slope 23, which is formed to Indexnase 10 on the flat cable 1 complementary and only allows the flat cable 1 in the orientation with Indexnase 10 against index slope 23 to insert and contact, but not in the rotated by 180 ° orientation. On the spacer plate 22 is the flat cable 1. On the flat cable 1, in turn, a flat seal 24 is arranged. This has, for example, the shape of a rectangular thin plate of uniform thickness. It is made of a resilient, non-fire resistant material such as silicone rubber. On the seal 24 in turn sit the socket 18 and the threaded blocks 14, the latter being used in the embodiment with a one-piece socket 18 in the nests 21.

This stratified structure is held together by a fire-resistant housing, here a metal cage 25. At the in FIG. 6 illustrated embodiment, the metal cage is closed only three sides; it is open at both ends. Also, the top of the metal cage 25 is open, but only to edge flanges 26 which are directed from the longitudinal side walls 27 of the metal cage 25 inwardly. The assembly of the connection device 12 takes place in accordance with the embodiment FIG. 6 As follows: First, the spacer plate 22 is placed on the bottom of the metal cage 25 (in some embodiments, it is there already pre-assembled, eg glued). On the spacer plate 22, the flat cable 1 is arranged, for example, by being guided diagonally through the upper opening of the metal cage 25. This in turn, the seal 24 is set. On the seal 24, the socket 18 is arranged with already inserted and wired with regard to the branch line threaded blocks 14. The latter is done by the holder 18 is pushed in the longitudinal direction L through one of the open end faces of the metal cage 25 under the edge flanges 26. The edge flanges 26 leave enough air to allow such a displacement of the socket 18 on the seal 24. In order to exclude displacements of the layered structure in the assembled state and to compress the seal 24, finally, in each case a wedge 28 is inserted in the cable longitudinal direction L between the top of the socket 18 and the two edge flanges 26. In the embodiment of the FIG. 6 the two wedges 28 are combined to form a one-piece U-shaped wedge element 29. The two free legs of this wedge element 29 form the wedges 28 becoming thinner towards the free ends; the central connecting leg, however, has no wedge function, but serves only the mechanical connection of the two wedges 28. The wedge angle of the wedges 28 is so low that self-locking is present, so once inserted Wedge 28 can not be pushed out again in the cable longitudinal direction L by the reaction force of the compressed seal 24. An end plate 30 can be inserted under the edge flanges 26 within the wedges 28. This offers contact protection against the possibly live heads of the contact screws 13a, 13b. The end plate 30 does not need to be made of fire-resistant material, since in general no contact protection is required in the event of fire.

Another embodiment of the metal cage is shown in FIG FIG. 8 illustrated there with 25 'designates. Instead of the edge flanges, there is provided an openable lid 31, which is articulated via a hinge 32, for example, on one of the front sides of the metal cage 25 '. With the help of a screw 33, the lid 31 can be closed and locked in the closed position. The lid 31 presses on the top of the socket 18 so that it presses on the seal 24 during clamping of the screw cap 33 and compresses it.

Details of the branch line 34 are in FIG. 7 shown. As stated above, the branch line 34 is, for example, a conventional fire-proof round cable with twisted wires. Short circuits between the wires are avoided here, for example, by special fire-resistant wire insulation. The branch line 34 is fanned within the connecting device 12 into individual wires 35, called "branch lines". For this purpose, gears 36 are incorporated in the flat cable 1 facing side of the socket 18. The aisles 36 extend over the respectively underlying core conductors 3, so that any possible contact with the conductor would be harmless. The branch lines 35 are merged only in the end area. Short circuits in this end are excluded by the mentioned refractory training of the core insulation of the branch lines 35. In some embodiments, moreover, the underside of the socket 18 may be entirely or partially covered by a refractory insulating plate. The branch line 34 is equipped with a strain relief 37 on the socket 18. In some embodiments, an overcurrent protection is also integrated in the socket 18 so that a short circuit in the branch line 34 does not lead to a loss of function of the entire line formed by the flat cable 1.

Embodiments of a flat cable deflection device 38 with functional integrity in case of fire will now be described with reference to FIG FIGS. 8-13 described in more detail. The show FIGS. 9 and 10 schematically the cable course and the deflection and wrap angle at a deflection with direction change without inclination change.

In the in the FIGS. 9 and 10 example shown is the change in direction of the flat cable 1 90 °. The flat cable 1 strikes obliquely at an angle corresponding to half of the deflection angle (that is, here 45 °) on a cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörper 38, whose axis is designated A. The axis A is parallel to the plane spanned by the flat cable 1 level. The flat cable 1 wraps around the cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörper 38 over half its circumference on the rear side, and leaves this again at an angle which corresponds to half the deflection angle (ie here at 45 ° to the axis A). As FIG. 10a illustrated, the axis A is oriented perpendicular to the bisector WH between the two cable longitudinal directions L1, L2 before and after the deflection. The cable transverse direction Q extends horizontally before and after the deflecting device 38, so that the conductor conductors 3 do not come to rest on each other when the cable insulation 8, 9 burns off. FIG. 10b illustrates that the inclination of the flat cable 1 remains unaffected by the deflection, ie the cable longitudinal directions L1 and L2 are both parallel to the plane of the flat cable 1 (before or behind the deflection) plane. In this deflection without inclination change the flat cable 1 wraps around half the circumference of the cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörpers; So is the in FIG. 10b with "u" designated wrap angle 180 °. As a result of the deflection, the flat cable 1 experiences a height offset which corresponds to the diameter d of the cylindrical cable deflection body 38.

The FIGS. 11 and 12 show the structural design of an embodiment of a flat cable deflection device 38. The cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörper 39 is a cylinder made of fire-resistant insulating material, here glass, which sits on a metallic shaft 40. About the Kabelumlenkkörper 39 outstanding ends of the axle 40 are mounted in a fork-like bracket 41. The holder 41 is spaced from the cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörper 39, that it allows its wrapping with the flat cable 1 without cable contact. The bracket 41 is provided at both fork ends with slots 42, which allow the axis 40 with the Kabelumlenkkörper 39 in different angular positions relative to the bracket 41 to be arranged and fixed by means of axle mounting screws 43. The angle range w of the possible setting angle is in FIG. 12 illustrated. In the illustrated embodiment, a bottom plate 44 and a cover plate 45 are also provided, which extend over the deflection body 39. The bottom and cover plate 44, 45 are parallel to each other and leave for Kabelumlenkkörper 49 each only a relatively narrow gap free; Thus, this embodiment is in connection with the FIGS. 9 and 10 described cable deflection with the same inclination of the flat cable is suitable, but not for the variant described below a deflection with inclination change, for which the cover plate 45 is to be removed.

This other type of deflection with tilt change illustrates the FIG. 13 , It is a deflection in which the plane of the flat cable 1 respectively before and after the deflection planes are not parallel to each other. Nevertheless, here too the cable transverse direction Q runs horizontally before and after the deflecting device 38, so that the conductor conductors 3 do not come to lie on one another when the cable insulation 8, 9 burns off. At the in FIG. 13 shown example, two deflection, each with a cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörper 39 are used to realize a vertical offset of a horizontal or inclined flat cable 1. First, the flat cable 1 is deflected by the first Kabelumlenkkörper 39 by 90 ° from the original cable plane to be deflected by the second Kabelumlenkkörper 39 'by the same angle. In this embodiment, the axis A of the cylindrical Kabelumlenkkörpers 39, 39 'is parallel to the cable transverse direction Q, and thus oriented at right angles to the cable longitudinal direction L ( FIG. 13a ). The wrap angle u ( FIG. 13c ) is in this type of deflection equal to the deflection angle v ( FIG. 13b ).

The FIGS. 14 and 15 illustrate an embodiment of a carrier 46 that may be part of a flat cable guide (eg, along a tunnel wall). The carrier 46 has a mounting rail 47 which can be mounted on a wall (eg a tunnel wall). Mounting rail 47 holds a support arm 48 on which one or more flat cable receptacles 49 are arranged. The mounting rail 47 and the support arm 48 are made of metal, while the flat cable receptacles 49 are made of fire-resistant insulating material, here glass. The flat cable receptacle 49 has raised edges 50, which narrow towards the upper opening of the cable receptacle 49, and thus prevent falling out of the inserted flat cable 1.

FIG. 16 schematically illustrates an embodiment of an installation kit 51 for an electrical installation with functional integrity in case of fire. Such a kit is a compilation of various parts to build an installation with functional integrity in case of fire, which are matched in terms of function, material selection and dimensions so that they allow an adjustment of an installation of the type mentioned. Such a set of parts will for example be present on a construction site before the actual installation work can be started.

This in FIG. 16 Example shown comprises a cable drum 52 with a wound flat cable 1, as for example in connection with the Figures 1 and 2 has been described. It also includes a plurality of connection devices 12, flat cable deflection devices 38 and support arms 48, as described above in connection with Figures 3-14 have been described. The illustration is only an example, for example, may be provided by individual parts larger or smaller quantities, or some parts are completely missing.

FIG. 17 finally illustrates an executed electrical installation 53, which is shown by the example of a tunnel 54. A flat cable 1 of the basis of Figures 1 and 2 described type is based on support arms 48 along the tunnel 54 under the tunnel ceiling. Connection devices 12 are provided to supply via electrical branch lines 34 electrical consumers 55 with functional integrity in case of fire. At 55 is a change in direction of the tunnel 54. There is a flat cable deflection device 38 of the type described above is arranged, on which the flat cable 1 is deflected without inclination change according to the direction change 56. The presentation of the FIG. 17 is again only an example; the number of installation elements used in such an installation may be greater or less than in FIG. 17 be, individual elements may be missing altogether.

Overall, the invention thus provides a novel, functional integrity guaranteeing installation system and its optionally also advantageously individually usable parts, which is based on the particular inherent suitability of the flat cable for function maintenance applications.

Claims (15)

1. A cable with functional integrity in the event of fire,
   wherein the functional integrity cable is designed in the form of a flat cable (1) with a plurality of heavy current cores (2) extending parallel to one another in one plane,
   wherein fireproof insulation material (4, 11) is arranged between the heavy current cores (2), and
   an insulation cover (8) surrounds the heavy current cores (2) and the fireproof insulation material (4, 11),
   wherein the distance of adjacent heavy current cores (2) from conductor surface to conductor surface amounts to at least twice the diameter of the conductor (3) of the heavy current cores (2),
   wherein, in addition to the fireproof insulation material, this distance contributes to the heavy current cores not coming into contact in the event of the insulation cover being burnt away.
2. A functional integrity cable for fire according to claim 1, wherein the fireproof insulation material (4) extends in the manner of a web between the heavy current cores (2) from one heavy current core (2) to the next.
3. A functional integrity cable for fire according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fireproof insulation material (4) comprises at least one fireproof insulation layer (5) which surrounds the heavy current cores (2) at least in part and which extends offset with respect to the centre plane of the functional integrity cable (1) between the heavy current cores (2).
4. A functional integrity cable for fire according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the fireproof insulation material (4) is formed by two fireproof insulation layers (5), one of which is applied from one side of the heavy current cores (2) and the other of which is applied from the other side, wherein the two fireproof insulation layers (5) together surround the heavy current cores (2) and form insulating fireproof webs (4) between the heavy current cores (2).
5. A functional integrity cable for fire according to one of claims 3 or 4, wherein the at least one fireproof insulation layer (5) comprises a layer of mica (7).
6. A functional integrity cable for fire according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the at least one fireproof insulation layer (5) comprises a flexible carrier strip (6), for example a strip of glass fabric.
7. A functional integrity cable for fire according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the at least one fireproof insulation layer (5) rests directly against the conductors (3) of the heavy current cores (2).
8. A functional integrity cable for fire according to claim 1, wherein the fireproof insulation material (11) is formed by insulation rods or insulation ropes (11) extending longitudinally between two heavy current cores (2) in each case.
9. A functional integrity cable for fire according to claim 8, wherein the material of the insulation rods or insulation ropes (11) comprises glass and/or ceramic material.
10. A functional integrity cable for fire according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the insulation cover (8) is produced completely or in part from a plastics material which is mixed with minerals and which forms a crust during burning.
11. A functional integrity cable for fire according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the distance of adjacent heavy current cores (2) from conductor surface to conductor surface amounts to at least 2.5 times, and preferably at least 3 times, the diameter of the conductor (3) of the heavy current cores (2).
12. An installation kit (51) for an electrical installation (53) with functional integrity in the event of fire, with a functional integrity cable for fire according to any one of claims 1 to 11, and at least one connection apparatus (12) for the insulation-free tapping of the flat cable (1) with a plurality of heavy current cores (12) extending parallel adjacent to one another in one plane, wherein the connection apparatus (12) engages around the flat cable (1) and has contact screws (13a, 13b) capable of being screwed into the flat cable (1), wherein one pair of contact screws (13a, 13b) is provided in each case for the heavy current cores (2), wherein the two contact screws (13a, 13b) of a pair are arranged in such a way that when the flat cable (1) is attached one contact screw (13a) contacts one side of the conductor (3) of the heavy current cores (2) and the other contact screw (13b) contacts the other side of the conductor (3) of the heavy current cores (2),
    wherein the contact screws (13a, 13b) have a thread (15) so that the conductor (3) is constrained laterally by the two contact screws (13a, 13b) with the threads (15).
13. An installation kit (51) according to claim 12, with at least one flat cable reversal apparatus (38), comprising
    a cylindrical cable reversal body (39) of fireproof insulating material, and
    a holding means (41) for the cylindrical reversal body (39) of fireproof material, which is arranged at a distance from the cylindrical reversal body (39) in such a way that it allows it to have the flat cable (1) wrapped around it without touching it.
14. An electrical installation (53) comprising
    at least one functional integrity cable for fire according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
    at least one connection apparatus (12) for the insulation-free tapping of the flat cable (1) with a plurality of heavy current cores (2) extending parallel adjacent to one another in one plane,
    wherein the connection apparatus (12) engages around the flat cable (1) and has contact screws (13a, 13b) capable of being screwed into the flat cable (1),
    wherein one pair of contact screws (13a, 13b) is provided in each case for the heavy current cores (2),
    wherein the two contact screws (13a, 13b) of a pair are arranged in such a way that when the flat cable (1) is attached one contact screw (13a) contacts one side of the conductor (3) of the heavy current cores (2) and the other contact screw (13b) contacts the other side of the conductor (3) of the heavy current cores (2),
    wherein the contact screws (13a, 13b) have a thread (15) so that the conductor (3) is constrained laterally by the two contact screws (13a, 13b) with the threads (15).
15. An electrical installation (53) according to claim 14, comprising
    at least one flat cable reversal device (38) with a cylindrical cable reversal body (39) of fireproof insulating material, and a holding means (41) for the cylindrical reversal body (39) of fireproof material, which is arranged at a distance from the cylindrical cable reversal body (39) in such a way that it allows it to have the flat cable (1) wrapped around it without touching it,
    wherein the transverse direction (Q) of the cable extends horizontally in front of and after the reversal apparatus (38), and
    wherein the flat cable (1) is wrapped around the cylindrical cable reversal body (39) at least in part.

Images