Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M157/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more macromolecular compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M143/00 - C10M155/00, each of these compounds being essential
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/026—Butene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/019—Shear stability
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/68—Shear stability
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines

Definitions

• the present invention relates to multifunctional lubricating fluids that can be used in the various components of self-propelled vehicles, in particular in the engine, the transmission or the hydraulic circuit. More specifically, the subject of the invention is a single fluid that can be used directly in several types of application, in particular in the various bodies of self-propelled vehicles such as engines, transmission devices (gearboxes and transfer gearboxes), hydraulic circuits and other secondary organs without modification; in other words, the composition of this fluid is directly adapted for the different types of uses in question.
• Each self-propelled vehicle currently uses a variety of monofunctional lubricating fluids each fulfilling different functions, for example engine oils, gearbox oils, hydraulic oils, etc.
• the formulation of a monofunctional oil conventionally consists of a mixture of mineral, semi-synthetic or synthetic base oils, a package of performance additives, and optionally a viscosity improving polymer and a viscosity improving agent. pour point.
• the shear rates experienced by the lubricant differ from one organ to another.
• the high-pressure hydraulic systems controlling the lifting devices are more shearing than the gearboxes, themselves more shearing than the engines.
• Multifunctional oil formulations for engine, gearbox and hydraulic circuit are already marketed under the trade names TOTAL Multi TP, FINA Penta, ELF Noria. Their design is based on a suitable choice of the viscosity improving polymer and its incorporated amount.
• viscosity-improving viscosity-improving polymer If a viscosity-improving viscosity-improving polymer is used, the viscosity will drop very rapidly, even in the low-shear members: the required minimum viscosities in the engine and gearbox will be reduced.
• the viscosity will remain high for a very long time even in the high shear organs: it will take a very long time before the viscosity reaches the best case. a sufficiently low value as requested for example in hydraulic circuits. This can cause long-term cold start problems of the hydraulically controlled lifters.
• the adjustment parameters for simultaneously fulfilling the 3 constraints of minimum viscosities in engine and gearbox, and maximum viscosity in hydraulics are the amount and the nature of the viscosity improving polymer used.
• This formulation of multifunctional lubricant can be used to lubricate at the same time different organs of a self-propelled vehicle. More particularly, this unique lubricant serves to lubricate at least the three components that are the engine, the gearbox and the hydraulic circuit, because it has a viscosity profile adapted to the conditions of use required in each target organ.
• this unique lubricant incorporates a blend of polymers having different shear stabilities.
• the nature and the respective amount of the different types of polymers are determined so that the lubricating composition incorporating this mixture adapts very quickly to the required conditions of use in each target organ and this thanks to its viscosity profile.
• each of the polymers of the mixture is obtained from monomeric units of a different chemical nature.
• each polymer of the mixture is obtained from monomeric units of the same chemical nature, and each polymer of the mixture is differentiated from each other by its belonging to a distinct range of permanent stability index.
• PSSI shear
• physicochemical characteristic selected from the number-average or number-average molecular weight, the molecular weight distribution of said polymer characterized by the polydispersity, the morphology of the three-dimensional network of said polymer characterized by its degree of crosslinking and / or branching.
• the mixture comprises at least two polymers, the amount of a polymer based on the total weight of the polymer mixture ranges from 10% to 90%.
• the mixture comprises two polymers, one of type A and the other of type C, in which, preferably, the ratio by weight of the mixture of the two polymers A / C ranges from 10/90 to 90 / 10.
• the lubricating composition according to the invention further comprises from 5 to 30% by weight relative to the weight of the final composition. a package of functional additives and optionally less than 1% by weight, preferably from 0.2% to 0.5% by weight relative to the weight of the final composition of a pour point improver.
• the polymers of the mixture are chosen from viscosity-improving type polymers and possibly from the type of pour point-type polymers.
• the viscosity-improving polymers are chosen from poly-alpha-olefins (PAO) with a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of greater than 90 cSt, polyisobutenes (PIB), polymer esters and olefins copolymers (OCP). homopolymers or copolymers of styrene, butadiene or isoprene, polymethacrylates (PMA).
• PAO poly-alpha-olefins
• PIB polyisobutenes
• OCP olefins copolymers
• PMA polymethacrylates
• the pour point-improving polymers are chosen from polymethacrylates (PMA).
• the type A polymers are viscosity improving polymers chosen from polymethacrylates, polyalphaolefins having a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of greater than 90 cSt, polyisobutenes and polymer esters.
• the type C polymers are viscosity improving polymers chosen from polymethacrylates, olefin-co-polymers, hydrogenated styrene-isoprene copolymers and copolymeric esters.
• the B-type polymers are polymethacrylate-type viscosity improving polymers.
• the invention relates to a process for manufacturing a lubricant composition according to the invention in which a mixture comprising at least two different polymers is incorporated in at least one group I to V oil optionally comprising a package of additive and optionally a pour point improver.
• At least one of the polymers of the mixture is a viscosity improver which is incorporated directly into the composition as a separate compound, independently of the additive package.
• all or part of at least one of the viscosity improving polymers of the mixture is incorporated into the composition as part of the additive package.
• all or part of at least one of the viscosity improving polymers of the mixture is incorporated into the composition in the form of a diluent of the additive package.
• the invention relates to the use of a lubricant composition according to the invention as a single fluid for lubricating various bodies of self-propelled vehicles.
• the single fluid serves to lubricate at least three bodies of self-propelled vehicles, the engine, the gearbox and the hydraulic system of the vehicle.
• the single fluid also serves to lubricate the brake control circuit, the onboard compressor and possibly other secondary organs.
• the shear stability of a compound in an oil is characterized by the Permanent Shear Stability Index (PSSI), defined in ASTM-D6022-06 and calculated from the kinematic viscosities of said compound in the oil before and after a determined shearing process.
• PSSI Permanent Shear Stability Index
• the shearing process chosen to determine the PSSI of the polymers according to the present invention is the KRL 20 hours test, according to the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard.
• the reference oil chosen for measuring the PSSI of the polymers according to the present invention is a Group III (API classification) base oil having a viscosity of 4.2 cSt at 100 ° C.
• the PSSI of a polymer will be the PSSI measured according to the standard ASTM-D6022-06, measured in a dilution oil of group III (according to API classification and viscosity 4.2 cSt at 100 ° C, after KRL test 20 hours, according to CEC-L-45-A-99).
• the Applicant has defined the conditions of shear representative of each of the organs and viscosity levels adapted to each organ.
• the CEC-L-14-A-93 (or ASTM D6278) standard defines the test representative of the shear conditions in the engine, known as the Bosch-30 cycle test.
• the SAE J 300 classification defines the viscosity grades of new motor oils, in particular by measuring their kinematic viscosities at 40 ° C and / or 100 ° C.
• a motor oil is grade 30 according to SAE J 300 if its kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C is between 9.3 and 12.5 cSt.
• Engine oil is grade 40 according to SAE J 300 if its kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C is between 12.5 and 16.3 cSt.
• Engine oils of grade 30 or 40 are generally used in so-called temperate climates.
• a motor oil is grade 50 according to SAE J 300 if its kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C is between 16.3 and 21.9 cSt. This type of oil is generally used in so-called hot climates.
• the ACEA standards define in detail a certain number of additional specifications for engine oils, and in particular require the maintenance of a certain level of viscosity for the oils in operation subjected to shear in the engine.
• the kinematic viscosity of the grade 30, 40 and 50 motor oils measured at 100 ° C., after the Bosch-30 cycle test, must be greater than 9.0, 12.0 and 15.0 cSt.
• the lubricants according to the present invention which can be used as motor lubricants have a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of greater than 9.0 cSt, preferably in the range of 9.0 to 12.0 cSt after the Bosch-30 cycle test according to the CEC-standard. L-14-A-93 for an oil from grade 30.
• These lubricants have a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C of greater than 12.0 cSt, preferably in the range of 12.0 to 15.0 cSt after Bosch-30 cycles test according to CEC-L-14-A-93 for an oil starting from grade 40. After this same test, these lubricants have a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C which is greater than 15.0 cSt preferably in the range of 15.0 to 20.0 cSt for a grade 50 oil.
• CEC-L-45-A-99 defines the test representative of the shear conditions in the gearbox, known as the KRL 20 hours test.
• the Applicant has determined from the oil monitoring test data in use that a viscosity of a lubricant at 100 ° C after 20 hours normalized test KRL above 8.5 cSt was suitable for use in gearboxes in temperate climates. On the other hand, a viscosity of a lubricant at 100 ° C after 20 hours normalized KRL test above 11.0 cSt was suitable for use in hot climates.
• the Applicant has also determined that the shear conditions experienced by a lubricant in a hydraulic circuit could be represented by the KRL test according to the CEC-L-45-A-99 standard.
• the Applicant has observed that to operate in the hydraulic circuit by overcoming the problem of starting with new oil, especially at low temperatures, the viscosity of the lubricant, measured at 40 ° C, should be below 51 cSt for temperate climates after KRL test according to CEC-L-45-A-99 whose duration is reduced from 20 hours to 3 hours. Similarly, the viscosity of the lubricant should be less than 75cSt for hot climates after KRL test according to CEC-L-45-A-99 whose duration is reduced from 20 hours to 3 hours.
• compositions are particularly suitable for temperate climates.
• the base oils used in the formulation of lubricants according to the present invention are oils of groups I to V according to API classification, of mineral origin, synthetic or natural, used alone or as a mixture, one of the characteristics of which is to be insensitive to shear, that is to say that their viscosity is not modified under shear. They represent in the composition at least 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the final composition. In addition, their content may represent up to 95% or even 98% in the final composition.
• the additive packages used in the lubricant formulations according to the invention are conventional and also known to those skilled in the art and meet performance levels defined inter alia by the ACEA (Association of European Automobile Manufacturers) and / or the API. (American Petroleum Institute).
• the weight percentage of additive package based on the weight of the final composition according to the invention is at least 5%, the diluent being included in this percentage.
• the lubricant formulations according to the invention optionally comprise a pour point improver, which may be chosen from the group of polymethacrylates (PMA) with molecular masses generally of between 5,000 and 10,000 daltons.
• PMA polymethacrylates
• these pour point depressant additives are generally provided as more or less dilute formulations in a base oil. In particular, when these formulations are not very diluted, the PMAs are present at contents of about 60%.
• the aforementioned viscosity profile is especially obtained thanks to a mixture of at least two polymers chosen from polymers of types "A" "B” or "C” as defined below:
• the polymers of types "A" "B” “C” used in a mixture in the lubricants according to the present invention are preferably chosen from the viscosity index or pour point improving improving polymers as described above.
• the viscosity improving polymers used in the present invention correspond to those used in monofunctional oils. They are preferably chosen from poly-alpha-olefins (PAO) with a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of greater than 90 cSt, poly-isobutenes (PIB), polymer esters, olefins copolymers (OCP), homopolymers or copolymers of styrene, butadiene or isoprene, polymethacrylates (PMA).
• PAO poly-alpha-olefins
• PIB poly-isobutenes
• OCP olefins copolymers
• PMA polymethacrylates
• the pour point-improving polymers used in the present invention are preferably selected from polymethacrylates (PMA).
• a viscosity improving polymer is intended to reduce lubricant viscosity variations with temperature. This temperature behavior is characterized by the viscosity index or V.I. (Viscosity Index) of the lubricant.
• V.I. Viscosity Index
• a high V.I. oil will have better viscosity stability as a function of temperature.
• the viscosity-improving polymers selected from the category of copolymer olefins, homopolymers or copolymers of styrene, butadiene, or isoprene are in particular and not limited to. More specifically, the type C polymers are viscosity-improving polymers chosen from polymethacrylates (Viscoplex 7-710), olefin-co-polymers (Paratone 8006, Lubrizol 7077) and hydrogenated styrene-isoprene copolymers (Shellvis 151, 201, 261 and 301), the copolymeric esters (Lubrizol 3702.
• the viscosity profile of the composition according to the invention is obtained when at least two polymers of the mixture are chosen from distinct ranges of PSSIs.
• the polymer mixtures used in the invention consist of at least two polymers, each polymer of the mixture being differentiated from each other by its belonging to a distinct range of permanent shear stability index (PSSI) measured after standardized test KRL 20 hours at 100 ° C.
• PSSI permanent shear stability index
• This distinction is characterized by the existence of a PSSI difference of at least 25 between the PSSIs of at least two of the polymers present in the mixture.
• the shear strength of a polymer is not exclusively related to its chemical nature. It can also be linked to physicochemical parameters. Indeed, parameters such as molecular weights, their distribution (characterized in particular by the polydispersity index of the polymer), the degree of branching of the polymer chains, and in general the morphological characteristics of the polymer have an impact on its shear strength. . Thus, certain compounds of the same chemical nature, such as polymethacrylates for example, can be found in any of the types "A", "B", or "C” described herein.
• This viscosity profile is also obtained when the polymers of the mixture are differentiated either by their chemical nature or by their physicochemical nature.
• this differentiation comes from the preparation of the polymers from monomeric units of distinct chemical nature.
• a polymethacrylate is chemically different from a polyisobutene.
• each polymer of the mixture is differentiated by its belonging to a distinct range of permanent shear stability index (PSSI) and also by at least one physico-chemical characteristic chosen from the average molecular mass (in number or in weight ) or the molecular weight distribution of said polymer characterized by its polydispersity index or the morphology of the three-dimensional network of said polymer characterized by its degree of crosslinking and / or branching.
• PSSI permanent shear stability index
• the compositions according to the invention comprise a mixture in all proportions of two polymers of A / B or A / C or B / C type. preferably, in this mixture, the amount by weight of one of the polymers of type A or B or C based on the total weight of polymer in the mixture ranges from 10 to 90%. According to one preferred embodiment the compositions comprise a mixture of two polymers of type A and C in which the ratio by weight A / C ranges from 10/90 to 90/10.
• compositions according to the invention comprise a mixture in all proportions of the three polymers A, B and C.
• the amount by weight of one of the polymers of type A or B or C relative to the weight total of the polymers in the mixture can be at least 10% and at most 80%.
• a / B / C mixtures whose weight ratios are 10/10/80 or 10/80/10 or 80/10/10 and all intermediate ratios.
• compositions according to the invention comprise a mixture of the three polymers A, B and C in which the polymer A is present in an amount of 30 to 45% by weight, the polymer B is present in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight and the polymer C is present in an amount of 30 to 45% by weight, these% being expressed relative to the total weight of the polymers.
• the polymer mixtures used in the invention as defined above represent at least 5%, preferably 5 to 40%, preferably 5 to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the final lubricating composition.
• the minimum amount of a polymer based on the total weight of the final composition is 1%.
• a mixture of at least two polymers of type A, B or C in at least one group I to V oil is generally incorporated at a temperature of between 20 and 100 ° C. and atmospheric pressure. optionally comprising an additive package and optionally a pour point improver.
• the polymers of type "A", "B” or “C” according to the present invention may be incorporated into the composition as a separate component, or may be introduced as a component of the additive package, as an additive or diluent .
• the lubricating compositions according to the invention are prepared by incorporating at least one of the type A, B, or C viscosity improving polymers directly into the composition as a separate additive, independently of the additive package.
• all or part of at least one of the A, B, or C viscosity improving polymers is incorporated into the lubricant as part of an additive package.
• all or part of at least one of the viscosity improving polymers of type A, B or C is incorporated in the lubricant in the form of a diluent of the additive package.
• compositions according to the invention are used as a single lubricant in various members of self-propelled vehicles at a time, in particular members whose shear rates differ.
• the compositions according to the invention have particularly well-suited performance for good hot performance in engines and transmission and for the cold start of the hydraulics.
• a lubricant containing 50% by weight of a Group IV base oil of viscosity 2 cSt at 100 ° C and 14.25% by weight of a commercial additive package referenced from supplier 1 was prepared.
• Additive package is free of "A", “B” or “C” type polymers according to the present invention, and the diluent consists of base oil.
• the lubricant thus prepared is grade 40 according to SAE J300 classification.
• This additive package is free of type "A", "B” or “C” polymers according to the present invention and the diluent consists of base oil.
• the lubricant thus prepared is grade 30 according to SAE J300 classification.
• the additive packages from suppliers 1 and 2 are packets of commercial engine oil additives diluted in Group I to III oils comprising no type A, B or C polymers according to the present invention.
• these packets make it possible to formulate engine lubricants having performances at the E3 level of the ACEA.

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• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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• 2006
  • 2006-10-24 EP EP11172451A patent/EP2380952A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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• 2007
  • 2007-10-19 CN CN2007800455768A patent/CN101578355B/zh active Active
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