EP2380395B1 - Kochfeld mit wenigstens drei heizzonen - Google Patents

Kochfeld mit wenigstens drei heizzonen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2380395B1
EP2380395B1 EP09779563.7A EP09779563A EP2380395B1 EP 2380395 B1 EP2380395 B1 EP 2380395B1 EP 09779563 A EP09779563 A EP 09779563A EP 2380395 B1 EP2380395 B1 EP 2380395B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inductors
inverters
heating
power
hob
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09779563.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2380395A1 (de
Inventor
Daniel Anton Falcon
José Miguel Burdio Pinilla
Jose-Ramon Garcia Jimenez
Sergio Llorente Gil
Oscar Lucia Gil
Fernando Monterde Aznar
Diego Puyal Puente
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2380395A1 publication Critical patent/EP2380395A1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/12—Cooking devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
    • H05B6/062—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power for cooking plates or the like
    • H05B6/065—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power for cooking plates or the like using coordinated control of multiple induction coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/04—Sources of current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2213/00—Aspects relating both to resistive heating and to induction heating, covered by H05B3/00 and H05B6/00
    • H05B2213/03—Heating plates made out of a matrix of heating elements that can define heating areas adapted to cookware randomly placed on the heating plate

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a hob with several inductors and with at least three heating zones which can be operated by the inductors.
  • a hob of the type described in the preamble of claim 1 is known from the EP 1 921 897 A1 known.
  • an induction hob with inductor heating elements which are designed to operate at least three or four heating zones of the induction hob.
  • the induction hob comprises two power electronics assemblies, each of which, as is customary in the field of cooktops, comprises a rectifier for rectifying an AC voltage supplied by a phase of a household power supply system.
  • Hobs are usually connected to three-phase networks with three independent phases, from which two phases are tapped in the case of hobs with three or four heating zones.
  • the EP 1 921 897 A1 discloses an induction hob with a plurality of induction coils and heating zones which can be operated by the induction coils, the induction coils being supplied with heating currents by a single heating circuit device with a rectifier which is used in common for the induction coils for rectifying a mains current. Furthermore, a number of heating frequency units designed as inverters for generating a heating current are described. The maximum power of the heating circuit device is less than the power of the induction coils it supplies.
  • the US 4 112 287 A describes a hob with several inductors and with at least three heating zones which can be operated by the inductors, the inductors being operated by one single power electronics module with a rectifier used in common for the inductors for rectifying an AC voltage supplied by a single phase of a household power supply system with heating currents, the power electronics module comprising a number of inverters for generating a heating current for operating the inductors, a switching device connects the inductors to one of the inverters.
  • the invention is based in particular on the object of avoiding unexpected behavior of the hob in the event that the user tries to use a user interface to select heating outputs which, in total, exceed the nominal output of the power electronics module.
  • the invention is based on a hob with several inductors and at least three heating zones which can be operated by the inductors.
  • the inductors are supplied with heating currents from a single power electronics module with a rectifier which is used jointly for the inductors for rectifying an AC voltage supplied by a single phase of a household power network.
  • This saves the second power electronics module usually used in large induction hobs with three or four heating zones.
  • the technical prejudice that the power that can be generated from one phase of a household power grid is sufficient to operate two heating zones at the most hardly stands up to a practical test.
  • the sum of the inductor nominal powers of all inductors of the cooktop is greater than a nominal power of the power electronics module, costs can be saved in the power electronics module.
  • sufficient heating power can usually be provided in each of the heating zones in the vast majority of cases.
  • means are provided to indicate that the sum of the requested target heating powers exceeds the available heating power and / or a display element is provided for displaying a fraction of the currently claimed nominal power of the power electronics module.
  • the power electronics module can comprise a number of boards, for example a single-layer board for the filter components and a four-layer or multi-layer board for the control electronics.
  • the sum of the inductor nominal powers of all inductors can be more than 1.3 times the nominal power of the power electronics assembly.
  • a switching device for connecting the inductors to one of the inverters.
  • the switching device connects at least one of the inductors with different inverters and / or connects at least one of the inductors in at least one switching position with several inverters.
  • this allows the necessary Number of inverters can be reduced by a flexible use of the inverters and, on the other hand, the power of two inverters can be focused on one of the inductors, so that there are very diverse control options for the hob.
  • the heating powers or heating currents of all inverters can be concentrated on a single inductor if the switching device connects this inductor to all inverters simultaneously in at least one switching position.
  • the switching device comprises at least one semiconductor switch, in particular a triac switch, arranged between an inductor and an inverter.
  • An output of a triac switch can be connected to two or more inductors which can be connected in parallel and / or two or more inverters which can be connected in parallel.
  • the invention can be used in particular in hobs with essentially square cover plates with an edge length of approximately 60-80 cm.
  • a regular power electronics module with a nominal power of at most 5400 W or a maximum current of 25 amps at 220 W or 230 wine can be used as the power electronics module designed for connection to a phase of a three-phase domestic power network.
  • This value enables sufficient heating output and yet does not overload household electricity grids in the vast majority of countries.
  • Another conceivable value would be a maximum power of 4600 A.
  • the hob according to the invention is particularly advantageously part of a series with at least two different hob models that serve different price segments of the market.
  • the two types of hob differ in particular in the number of power electronics modules used and in the distribution of the heating currents generated by the power electronics modules among the various inductors.
  • suitable software in a control unit can be realized, which actuates the switching unit, the hardware of the more complex hob differs from the hardware of the hob according to the invention by at least one further power electronics module.
  • the hob according to the invention with only one power electronics module therefore advantageously has free space for installing a further power electronics module, which can be connected to a further phase of the household power supply system.
  • Additional means for holding an additional power electronics module for example screw holes, tabs or the like, can be provided in the free installation space.
  • the hob comprises a plurality of preassembled modules, each with a plurality of inductors. Due to the modular design, the flexibility in the design of the hob can be increased further and the various modules and power electronics assemblies can be used in a large variety of possible hob types.
  • the invention can be used particularly advantageously in hobs with at least three or four heating zones for heating different cookware elements.
  • the heating zone should also be referred to as flexibly definable heating zones in so-called matrix hobs, in which the control unit combines different inductors into heating zones depending on a detected position and size of a cookware element.
  • the hob preferably comprises more than three heating zones which can be operated and are flexibly definable at the same time.
  • the control unit can be designed to operate three or more such heating zones simultaneously, in particular in such a way that the user can select the desired heating outputs of the different heating zones independently of one another.
  • Either the heating outputs of the individual heating zones can be reduced in relation to the nominal output to the sum of the target heating outputs selected by the user, or the heating output of the heating zone that was last activated or whose target heating output or output level was last increased is made available Residual heating capacity limited.
  • the residual heating power is the difference between the heating power currently consumed by the other heating zones and the nominal power of the power electronics module.
  • the display means prevent the user from being surprised by a deviation between the actual and the requested heating output. These means can comprise a lighting element or a display on a display. As an alternative or in addition, acoustic signals are also conceivable.
  • the display element for displaying a fraction of the currently claimed nominal power of the power electronics module enables the user to recognize when a power limit has been reached and to estimate whether the heating of a further cookware element, for example a pot or a pan, would overwhelm the performance of the hob. or would lead to a reduction in the heating power of the other heating zones due to a necessary redistribution of the heating power.
  • the fraction of the nominal power can be given as a percentage. This can be done, for example, on a display or by means of lighting elements on a linear scale.
  • Fig. 1 shows an induction hob with a matrix of inductors 10, each comprising an induction coil and an inductor support made of aluminum. Four of these inductors 10 are combined to form a preassembled module 26.
  • the induction hob includes four such modules 26, which are identical in construction. In alternative embodiments of the invention, each of the modules 26 comprises only one inductor.
  • the hob is essentially square with an edge length of approximately 60 cm and the inductors 10 are covered by a square cover plate (not shown) on which cookware elements 28 such as pots or pans can be placed.
  • the hob includes a control unit 32, a single power electronics module 14 with two inverters 20 and a switching device 22, via which a connection between the inverters 20 and the inductors 10 can be established or interrupted.
  • each of the inductors 10 can be connected to a plurality of inverters 20 and each of the inverters 20 can be connected to a plurality of inductors 10 via the switching device 22. Furthermore, it is possible to connect a plurality of inverters 20 in parallel and to connect them to a single inductor 10 at the same time, in order to increase the heating power of this inductor. In different configurations of the invention, this switching device 22 either connects each inverter 20 to each inductor 10 or each of the inverters 20 to a subset of the inductors 10.
  • the control unit 32 can both set a frequency of an alternating current generated by the inverters 20 via a control line and vary an amplitude of this alternating current.
  • the amplitude is varied by pulse-width-modulated control of the inverters 20 or by variation of the pulse widths of a gate input signal generated by the control unit 32 from bipolar transistors with an insulated gate electrode (IGBT's) of the inverters 20.
  • IGBT's insulated gate electrode
  • the switching device 22 comprises a complex system of relays and / or semiconductor switches 24, in particular triac switches ( Fig. 3 ), which each have inputs for control signals generated by the control unit 32, the switching position of the switching device 22 being able to be changed with the aid of these control signals.
  • the power electronics module comprises a rectifier 16, which is connected to a phase 18 of a household power network 34.
  • the household electricity network 34 supplies a three-phase three-phase current with an amplitude of 220-230 V and is limited to a maximum current of 16 A via a household fuse.
  • the power electronics module can therefore achieve a maximum output of approx. 3.5-3.7 kW.
  • the nominal power of the power electronics module 14 is approximately 4.5 kW.
  • Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of the hob according to the invention according to an alternative embodiment of the invention, in which the modules 26 each have an inductor 10.
  • the four modules 26 each comprise inductors with a nominal power of 2 x 1.8 kW, 1.4 kW and 2.2 kW, so that the hob has a total nominal power of 7.2 kW.
  • the inductors 10 may comprise separate inductor carriers or those used by two inductors.
  • Each of the modules 26 can operate a heating zone 12 of the hob.
  • the control unit 32 which detects the cookware elements 28 placed on the hob, combines the inductors arranged below a base of the cookware element 28 to form a flexibly definable heating zone 12.
  • the individual heating zones 12 can be limited to the modules 26 or comprise inductors 10 from different modules 26.
  • the power electronics module 14 includes the inverters 20 and the switching device 22, which is accordingly integrated in the power electronics module 14. All elements of the power electronics module 14 are mounted on a common circuit board, which comprises a connection 36 for connecting the phase 18 of the household electricity network 34 and a further connection (not shown) for connecting a zero potential of the household electricity network 34.
  • the control unit 32 operates the inverters 20 at the same time only at frequencies that either are the same or have a difference of at least 17 kHz. Since the different modules 26 of the hob are largely mechanically independent, the control unit 32 uses this strategy to prevent the intermodulation hum only when the heating zones 12 in question comprise inductors 10 of the same module 26. If the heating zones 12 are formed by inductors from different modules 26, the frequencies of the heating current with which the heating zones 12 are operated can be varied independently of one another.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further schematic representation of the structure of the hob according to 1 and 2 .
  • the switching device comprises two semiconductor switches 24 with connections 38 for control lines in the control unit 32.
  • IGBTs with diodes, triacs or thysistors can be used as semiconductor switches 24.
  • semiconductor switch 24 instead of the semiconductor switch 24, conventional electromechanical relays can also be used.
  • the inductors 10, of which only two are shown for the sake of simplicity, are connected in parallel and each of the inductors 10 is assigned a capacitor 40 which, together with the respective inductor 10, forms a resonant circuit.
  • an inverter 20 which is constructed in a half-bridge topology from two IGBTs 52.
  • a plurality of rectifier diodes 42 of the rectifier 16 and a damping capacitor 44 are arranged between the inverter 20 and the phase 18 of the household power grid 34.
  • An EMC filter used in common for all heating zones is not shown.
  • FIGS Figures 4 and 5 show a time division control method from that shown in FIGS Figures 4 and 5 shown type.
  • the examples in the Figures 4 and 5 limited to two heating zones 12 and to a control period T with a length of three half-waves of the supply voltage.
  • Figure 4 shows Figure 4 the case of a non-complementary multiplexing
  • Figure 5 shows the case of a complementary multiplex method.
  • the advantage of the complementary multiplexing method is that several inductors 10 can be operated during the same supply voltage half-wave.
  • An essential aspect is that for each inductor 10 the number of half-waves within a control period T during which this inductor 10 is operated is odd. This allows flicker standards to be met.
  • control unit 32 uses an in Fig. 4 shown scheme for performance management.
  • a synchronization AC voltage Vbus which can be derived from the voltage generated by the rectifier 16, is used to trigger a control period T.
  • the duration of the control period T is three half oscillations of the synchronization AC voltage Vbus.
  • the control unit 32 activates the inductors of two different heating zones 12 in different activation phases P1, P2, whose duration ton1, ton2 and their distance tD1, tD2 from zero crossings of the synchronization AC voltage Vbus is determined depending on a power level set for the heating zone 12 in question.
  • the activation phases P1, P2 are preferably chosen not to overlap in order to avoid flicker.
  • a timing of the first activation phase P1 is determined by the distance tD1 from a zero crossing of the synchronization voltage Vbus, while the timing of the second activation phase P2 is determined by the distance tD2 from a second zero crossing of the synchronization voltage Vbus within the control period T.
  • Fig. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention, in which the timing of the second activation phase P2 is determined by a distance tD2 from an end of the first activation phase P1.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic representation of an interconnection of the cooktop according to the invention, in which a relay 46 is provided in parallel to the semiconductor switches 24 of the various modules 26 of the cooktop, with which the semiconductor switches 24 can be bridged if in an operating mode not based on FIG 5 and 6 explained alternating operation of the inductors 10 takes place, but the inverter 20 continuously supply the corresponding inductor 10 with heating current.
  • the switching device 22 comprises a booster relay, with which an inverter 20, which is mainly assigned to a first module, can be linked to another module 26, so that the inductors 10 of the modules 26 can be supplied simultaneously by a plurality of inverters 20 of different modules 26. The total current flowing through the inductors 10 is measured with an ammeter 80.
  • Fig. 7 shows a generalized block diagram of a cooktop according to the invention, in which k modules 26, each with m inductors 10, are supplied by a single power electronics module 14 with n inverters 20 and I switching elements 50 of the switching device 22.
  • the switching device 22 is combined with the rectifier 16 and the inverters 20 to form the power electronics module 14.
  • the inverters 20 have a total nominal power of 4.6 kW and the total nominal power of the inductors 10 is 7.2 kW.
  • the nominal power of the power electronics module 14 depends on the parameters of the local household electricity network. With 230V and 20A there are 4.6 kW, with other current values, which can be 16A, 20A, 25A or 32A depending on the country, different values.
  • Fig. 8 shows schematically a display element 30 arranged in a transparent area of the cover plate of the hob, which displays a fraction of the currently claimed nominal power of the power electronics module 14 in percent. The user can thus recognize whether there is still power available to increase a heating power of one of the heating zones 12 and / or whether further heating power can be provided in another heating zone 12 for heating another cookware element. When the display element 30 shows 100%, the nominal power of the power electronics module 14 is exhausted.
  • the display element 30 is formed by a screenprint on the back of the cover plate and a number of light-emitting diodes which are switched on or off by the control unit 32 depending on the power currently consumed.
  • control unit 32 then distributes the available power according to the circumstances the power levels set for the heating zones 12 across the various heating zones.
  • the control unit 32 can, for example, in connection with the Figures 4 and 5 Use the performance management described.
  • Fig. 9 shows schematically the structure of an induction hob with several inductors 10 connected in parallel, which are operated via an inverter 20 consisting of only a single semiconductor switch. Each of the inductors 10 is connected in series with an inverter 20. A capacitor 40 is arranged parallel to the inductor 10 and supplements the inductor 10 to form a closed resonant circuit.
  • the hob is connected to a single phase 18 of the household electricity network, from which an input current for a rectifier 16 is obtained.
  • a filter circuit 52 is arranged between the rectifier 16 and the phase 18. The filter circuit 52 eliminates high frequency noise and is essentially a low pass filter.
  • Fig. 10 shows a further alternative embodiment of the invention with a plurality of inductors 10 which can be connected in parallel via switching elements 50 and which are connected to a half-bridge inverter 20 and can be operated in a time-division multiplexing process.
  • a plurality of inductors 10 can be operated simultaneously via the inverter 20, the maximum power of the inverter 20 having to be designed accordingly.
  • Fig. 11 shows a further alternative embodiment, in which two inductors 10 are connected to an inverter 20.
  • the two inverters 20 can be connected in parallel via a switch 54 in order to increase the power.
  • Both inverters 20 are fed via a single rectifier 16.
  • Fig. 12 shows the construction of a further alternative hob with inductors 10, each of which is operated via a one-switch inverter 20.
  • the current from a single phase 18 of the household electricity network is rectified by two rectifiers 16, each associated with a pair of inductors 10.
  • a filter circuit 52 directly connected to the phase 18 of the household electricity network is supplemented by further filter circuits 56a, 56b, each of which filters the input current of one of the rectifiers 16 low-pass.
  • the inverters 20 and the inductors 10 can, as in FIG Fig. 2 shown have different nominal benefits.
  • the nominal powers are determined by the maximum powers of the semiconductor switches of the inverters 20 and the passive components, such as, for example, the damping capacitors and smoothing chokes.
  • the semiconductor switches are preferably designed as bipolar transistors with insulated gate electrodes (IGBT).
  • IGBT insulated gate electrodes
  • a blower or a heat sink, not shown here must be dimensioned according to the maximum output.
  • the power limitation is monitored by suitable firmware in the hob's microcontrollers.
  • semiconductor switching elements are preferably used for switching the inductors 10 on and off.
  • Fig. 13 shows an alternative embodiment of a switching element 50 for use in a hob according to the invention.
  • a semiconductor switch 58 for example a triac or two IGBTs arranged antiparallel, is supplemented by an electromechanical relay 60 arranged in parallel, which can be closed when high-frequency switching operations are not necessary. As a result, in operating states in which the switching element 50 remains closed for longer, power losses in the semiconductor switch 58 can be avoided.
  • Fig. 14 shows a filter circuit 52 for use in an induction hob according to the invention.
  • the filter circuit 52 comprises a varistor 62, a first damping capacitor 64, an input relay 60, a smoothing choke 66 for smoothing common vibrations of the input lines, a further capacitor arrangement 68 for damping vibrations in the individual input lines, the two capacitors of the capacitor arrangement 68 in each case are grounded, a fuse 70, a further damping capacitor 72 and two differential smoothing chokes 74, 76 in the different lines.
  • the filter circuit 52 is terminated by a further capacitor arrangement 77 and by a further varistor 78.
  • Figure 15 shows the topology of an induction hob according to a further embodiment of the invention.
  • the current from the household electricity network 34 is filtered in a filter circuit 52 used jointly for all heating zones, inverters 20 and inductors 10, rectified in a rectifier 16 and fed to two inverters 20.
  • Each of the inverters 20 can be connected to each of the inductors 10 via switching elements 50 and a switch 54 of a switching device 22.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Induction Heating Cooking Devices (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
EP09779563.7A 2008-12-19 2009-05-27 Kochfeld mit wenigstens drei heizzonen Active EP2380395B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200803708A ES2353890B1 (es) 2008-12-19 2008-12-19 Campo de cocción con al menos tres zonas de calentamiento.
PCT/EP2009/056475 WO2010069616A1 (de) 2008-12-19 2009-05-27 Kochfeld mit wenigstens drei heizzonen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2380395A1 EP2380395A1 (de) 2011-10-26
EP2380395B1 true EP2380395B1 (de) 2020-04-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09779563.7A Active EP2380395B1 (de) 2008-12-19 2009-05-27 Kochfeld mit wenigstens drei heizzonen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US9113502B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2380395B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR101570896B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102257876B (zh)
ES (2) ES2353890B1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2010069616A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010039508B4 (de) 2009-08-27 2024-05-23 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Multiplexen von Induktionsheizlasten

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CN102257876A (zh) 2011-11-23
KR101570896B1 (ko) 2015-11-20
CN102257876B (zh) 2016-03-02
US20110240632A1 (en) 2011-10-06
ES2353890B1 (es) 2012-01-26
EP2380395A1 (de) 2011-10-26
ES2798173T3 (es) 2020-12-09
WO2010069616A1 (de) 2010-06-24
KR20110099746A (ko) 2011-09-08
ES2353890A1 (es) 2011-03-08

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