Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
  • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
  • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
  • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
  • C03C17/3626—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer one layer at least containing a nitride, oxynitride, boronitride or carbonitride
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
  • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
  • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
  • C03C17/3644—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the metal being silver
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
  • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
  • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
  • C03C17/3657—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having optical properties
  • C03C17/366—Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
  • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
  • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
  • C03C17/3681—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
  • E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
  • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
  • C03C2218/15—Deposition methods from the vapour phase
  • C03C2218/154—Deposition methods from the vapour phase by sputtering

Definitions

• the invention relates to a multiple glazing unit comprising at least two substrates, of the glass substrates type, which are held together by a frame structure, said glazing effecting a separation between an outer space and an interior space, in which at least one gas strip interlayer is disposed between the two substrates.
• one of the substrates may be coated on an inner face in contact with the interlayer gas plate of a stack of thin layers with infrared reflection properties and / or in single-layer solar radiation.
• metallic functional device in particular based on silver or metal alloy containing silver and two dielectric coatings, said coatings each comprising at least one dielectric layer, said functional layer being disposed between the two dielectric coatings.
• the invention relates more particularly to the use of such substrates for manufacturing thermal insulation and / or sun protection glazings.
• These windows may be intended to equip buildings, in particular to reduce the air conditioning effort and / or prevent excessive overheating (so-called “solar control” glazing) and / or reduce the amount of energy dissipated to outside (so-called “low emissive” glazing) driven by the ever increasing importance of glazed surfaces in buildings.
• These windows can also be integrated in glazing with special features, such as heated windows or electrochromic windows.
• a type of layer stack known to give substrates such properties consists of a functional metallic layer with reflective properties in the infrared and / or in the solar radiation, in particular a metallic functional layer based on silver or metal alloy containing silver.
• the functional layer is thus disposed between two dielectric coatings each in general comprising several layers which are each made of a dielectric material of the nitride type and in particular silicon nitride or aluminum or oxide nitride. From an optical point of view, the purpose of these coatings which frame the functional metallic layer is to "antireflect" this metallic functional layer.
• a blocking coating is however sometimes interposed between one or each dielectric coating and the functional metal layer, the blocking coating disposed under the functional layer towards the substrate protects it during a possible heat treatment at high temperature, the bending type and and / or quenching and the blocking coating disposed on the functional layer opposite the substrate protects this layer from possible degradation during the deposition of the upper dielectric coating and during a possible heat treatment at high temperature, such as bending and / or quenching.
• the object of the invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, by developing a new type of stack of functional monolayer layers stack which has a low resistance per square (and therefore low emissivity), a high light transmission and a relatively neutral color, in particular in layer-side reflection (may also opposite side: "substrate side"), and that these properties are preferably kept in a restricted range that the stack undergoes or not, a (or) heat treatment (s) at high temperature of the bending and / or quenching and / or annealing type.
• Another important goal is to propose a functional monolayer stack which has a low emissivity while having a low light reflection in the visible, as well as an acceptable coloration, especially in external reflection of the multiple glazing, in particular which is not in the red.
• the invention thus has, in its broadest sense, a multiple glazing unit according to claim 1 or claim 2.
• This multiple glazing comprises respectively at least two substrates or at least three substrates which are held together by a frame structure , said glazing effecting a separation between an outer space and an interior space, wherein at least one intermediate gas strip is disposed between the two substrates, a substrate being coated on an inner face in contact with the interlayer gas strip of a stack of thin layers with infrared reflection properties and / or solar radiation comprising a single metallic functional layer, in particular based on silver or metal alloy containing silver and two dielectric coatings, said coatings each comprising at least two dielectric layers, said functional layer being disposed between the two dielectric coatings.
• the two dielectric coatings each comprise at least one absorbent layer which is arranged in each of the two dielectric coatings between two dielectric layers, the total absorbent material of these two absorbent layers being arranged symmetrically on each side of the metallic functional layer.
• a single multiple glazing substrate having at least two substrates or multiple glazing having at least three substrates is coated on an inner face in contact with the interposed gas layer of a thin film stack with reflection properties in the substrate. infrared and / or in solar radiation.
• the absorbent material present in the stack other than inside the dielectric coatings is not taken into consideration for the interpretation of the word "symmetrically”; thus, the blocking layer (s) possibly present (s) and which is (or are) in contact with or near the functional layer does not (or does not) do) not be part of the absorbent matter taken into account for the interpretation of the word "symmetrically".
• coating in the sense of the present invention, it should be understood that there may be a single layer or several layers of different materials inside the coating.
• dielectric layer in the sense of the present invention, it should be understood that from the point of view of its nature, the material is “non-metallic", that is to say is not a metal . In the context of the invention, this term designates a material having an n / k ratio over the entire visible wavelength range (from 380 nm to 780 nm) equal to or greater than 5.
• the term "absorbent material” is intended to mean a material having an n / K ratio over the entire visible wavelength range (from 380 nm to 780 nm) between 0 and 5 excluding these values and having a bulk electrical resistivity (as known in the literature) greater than 10 -5 ⁇ .cm.
• n denotes the actual refractive index of the material at a given wavelength and k represents the imaginary part of the refractive index at a given wavelength; the ratio n / k being calculated at a given wavelength identical for n and for k.
• the two dielectric layers which frame an absorbing layer are preferably of the same nature: the composition (stoichiometry) of the dielectric layers is thus identical on each side of the absorbent layer.
• at least one substrate comprises, on at least one face in contact with an intervening gas blade, an antireflection coating which is opposite to said interlayer gas blade with a stack of layers. Thin with infrared reflection properties and / or solar radiation. This version achieves even greater selectivity, thanks to a significant increase in light transmission and a smaller increase in the solar factor of multiple glazing.
• At least one absorbent layer of the stack is or are based on nitride and in particular at least one layer of these layers and of preferably all these layers are (or are) based on niobium nitride NbN, or at least one layer of these layers and preferably all these layers is (or are) based on titanium nitride TiN.
• the absorbent material of the absorbent layers inside the dielectric coatings preferably has a thickness between 0.5 and 10 nm, including these values, or even between 2 and 8 nm, including these values to maintain a transmission equal to or greater than 25%, or equal to or greater than 30% in multiple glazing.
• the dielectric layer which is at least included in each dielectric coating, as defined above, has an optical index of between 1.8 and 2.5 including these values, or preferably between 1.9 and 2.3. including these values (the optical indices - or "refractive indices" - shown here are those measured at 550 nm, as usual).
• said underlying dielectric and overlying dielectric coatings each comprise at least one dielectric layer based on silicon nitride, possibly doped with at least one other element, such as aluminum.
• each absorbent layer is disposed in the dielectric coating between two dielectric layers which are both based on silicon nitride, optionally doped with at least one other element, such as 'aluminum.
• the last layer of the underlying dielectric coating, the one farthest from the substrate is a layer of wetting based on oxide, in particular based on zinc oxide, optionally doped with at least one other element, such as aluminum.
• the underlying dielectric coating comprises at least one dielectric layer based on nitride, in particular silicon nitride and / or aluminum nitride and at least one uncrystallized smoothing layer made of a mixed oxide, said smoothing layer being in contact with a crystallized overlying fountain layer.
• the functional layer is deposited directly on a sub-blocking coating disposed between the functional layer and the dielectric coating underlying the functional layer and / or the functional layer is deposited directly under an over-blocking coating disposed between the functional layer and the dielectric coating overlying the functional layer and the underblocking coating and / or the overblocking coating comprises a thin layer of nickel or titanium having a geometric thickness e such that 0, 2 nm ⁇ e ⁇ 2.5 nm.
• the underblocking coating and / or the overblocking coating may comprise at least one thin layer based on nickel or titanium present in metallic form if the substrate provided with the thin-film stack has not undergone. bending heat treatment and / or quenching after the deposition of the stack, this layer being at least partially oxidized if the substrate provided with the thin-film stack has undergone at least one bending and / or quenching heat treatment after the deposit of the stack.
• the thin nickel-based layer of the underblocking coating and / or the thin nickel-based layer of the overblocking coating when present is preferably directly in contact with the functional layer.
• the last layer of the overlying dielectric coating, the furthest away from the substrate is based on oxide, preferably deposited under stoichiometric conditions, and in particular is based on titanium (TiO x ) or based on zinc and tin mixed oxide (SnZnO x , possibly with another element at a rate of up to 10% by mass, so that the stack may comprise a final layer ("overcoat"> in English), that is to say a protective layer, deposited preferably stoichiometric.This layer is found essentially oxidized stoichiometrically in the stack after deposition.
• This protective layer preferably has a thickness of between 0.5 and 10 nm.
• the glazing according to the invention incorporates at least the carrier substrate of the stack according to the invention, optionally associated with at least one other substrate.
• Each substrate can be clear or colored.
• At least one of the substrates may be colored glass in the mass. The choice of the type of coloration will depend on the level of light transmission and / or the colorimetric appearance sought for the glazing once its manufacture is complete.
• the glazing according to the invention may have a laminated structure, in particular associating at least two rigid substrates of the glass type with at least one thermoplastic polymer sheet, in order to present a glass-like structure / thin-film stack / sheet (s) / glass / interlayer gas blade / glass sheet.
• the polymer may especially be based on polyvinyl butyral PVB, ethylene vinyl acetate EVA, PET polyethylene terephthalate, PVC polyvinyl chloride.
• the substrates of the glazings according to the invention are capable of undergoing heat treatment without damage for the stacking of thin layers. They are therefore optionally curved and / or tempered.
• the invention also relates to the method of manufacturing multiple glazings according to the invention comprising at least two substrates which are held together by a frame structure, said glazing effecting a separation between an outer space and an interior space, in which at least one interlayer gas blade is disposed between the two substrates, a substrate being coated on an inner face in contact with the interleaved gas plate of a stack of thin films with infrared reflection properties and / or in solar radiation comprising a single metallic functional layer, in particular based on silver or metal alloy containing silver and two dielectric coatings, said coatings each having at least two dielectric layers, said functional layer being disposed between the two dielectric coatings, the two dielectric coatings each having at least one absorbent layer which is disposed in each dielectric coating between two dielectric layers, the absorbent material of the absorbent layers being disposed symmetrically on each side of the metal functional layer.
• the absorbent layer deposited between these two layers is preferably also deposited respectively in the presence of nitrogen and or oxygen.
• the invention furthermore relates to the use of a stack of thin films with infrared and / or solar reflection properties comprising a single metallic functional layer, in particular based on silver or metal alloy. containing silver and two dielectric coatings, said coatings each having at least one dielectric layer, said functional layer being disposed between the two dielectric coatings and said thin film stack being disposed on an inner face of at least one substrate to realize a multiple glazing unit according to the invention comprising at least two substrates, which are held together by a frame structure and in which a spacer gas strip is disposed two substrates.
• the present invention thus makes it possible to produce a stack of functional monolayer thin films having a multiple glazing configuration, and in particular double glazing, a high selectivity (S> 1, 40), a low emissivity ( ⁇ N ⁇ 3%) and a favorable aesthetics (T Lv , s> 60%, R Lv , s exterior ⁇ 25% or even R Lv , external s ⁇ 20% or even R Lv , s exterior ⁇ 20%, neutral colors in external reflection), whereas so far only functional bilayer stacks have made it possible to obtain this combination of criteria.
• the functional monolayer stack according to the invention is less expensive to produce than a functional bilayer stack having similar characteristics (T Lv , s, R_vis and neutral colors in external reflection).
• the present invention makes it possible to propose a functional monolayer stack with absorbent layers for which it is not necessary to pay attention to the orientation: the stack can be placed indifferently on any inner face of the multiple glazing unit. (For example, indifferently in front 2 or in front 3 of a classic double glazing).
• FIG. 1 a functional monolayer stack of the prior art, the functional layer being provided with a sub-blocking coating and over-blocking coating; in FIGS. 2 and 3, two double glazing solutions incorporating a functional monolayer stack; in FIG. 4, a functional monolayer stack according to the invention, the functional layer being provided with a sub-blocking coating and an over-blocking coating; and in FIGS. 5 and 6, two triple glazing solutions incorporating a functional monolayer stack.
• the proportions between the thicknesses of the different layers or of the different elements are not rigorously respected in order to facilitate their reading.
• FIG. 1 illustrates a structure of a functional monolayer stack of the prior art deposited on a transparent glass substrate 10, in which the single functional layer 140, in particular based on silver or metal alloy containing the silver, is disposed between two dielectric coatings, the underlying dielectric coating 120 located below the functional layer 140 towards the substrate 10/30 and the overlying dielectric coating 160 disposed above the functional layer 140 opposite to the 10/30 substrate.
• these two dielectric coatings 120, 160 each comprise at least two dielectric layers 122, 126, 128; 162, 166, 168.
• the functional layer 140 may be deposited on a sub-blocking coating 130 placed between the underlying dielectric coating 120 and the functional layer 140 and on the other hand the functional layer 140 can be deposited directly under an overblocking coating 150 disposed between the functional layer 140 and the overlying dielectric coating 160.
• This dielectric coating 160 may be terminated by an optional protective layer 168, in particular based on oxide, in particular under stoichiometric oxygen.
• this glazing comprises two substrates 10, 30 which are held together by a frame structure 90 and which are separated from each other by a blade of intermediate gas 15.
• the glazing thus makes a separation between an outer space ES and an interior space IS.
• the stack can be positioned in face 2 (on the outermost glass sheet of the building, considering the incident sense of light solar energy entering the building and on its face turned towards the gas strip) or in front 3 (on the innermost sheet of the building, considering the incident sense of sunlight entering the building and on its turned side towards the gas slide).
• Figures 2 and 3 respectively illustrate the positioning (the incident direction of the incoming sunlight in the building being illustrated by the double arrow):
• one of the substrates has a laminated structure; however, there is no possible confusion because in such a structure, there is no intervening gas blade.
• At least one substrate 10, 30 has on at least one face 11 (in the case of FIG. 3), 29 (in the case of FIG. 2) in contact with the intermediate gas strip 15 and which has no stack of thin films with infrared reflection properties and / or solar radiation, an antireflection coating which is opposite to with respect to said intermediate gas strip 15 with the stack of thin layers 14 (in the case of FIG. 2), 26 (in the case of FIG. 3) with infrared reflection properties and / or in the radiation solar.
• the underlying dielectric coating 120 may comprise a dielectric layer 122 based on silicon nitride and at least one smoothing layer 126 not crystallized into a mixed oxide, in this case a mixed zinc oxide and tin which is here doped with antimony
• the zinc oxide damping layer 128 doped with aluminum ZnO: Al (deposited from a metal target consisting of zinc doped with 2% by weight of aluminum) makes it possible to improve the crystallization of money, which improves its conductivity; this effect is accentuated by the use of the SnZnO x : Sb amorphous smoothing layer, which improves the growth of ZnO and thus of silver.
• the overlying dielectric coating 160 may comprise at least one ZnO: Al aluminum doped zinc oxide dielectric layer 162 (deposited from a metal target made of zinc doped with 2% by weight of aluminum) and a dielectric layer 166 based on silicon nitride.
• the silicon nitride layers 122, 166 are made of Si 3 N 4 and are deposited from a metal target doped with 8% by weight of aluminum.
• stacks also have the advantage of being heatable, that is to say that they resist a quenching heat treatment and that their optical properties vary little during this heat treatment.
• the layer deposition conditions are:
• the deposited layers can thus be classified into three categories: i- layers of dielectric material, having an n / k ratio over the entire upper visible wavelength range in 5: Si 3 N 4 , SnZnO, ZnO i-layers of absorbent material, having a ratio of 0 ⁇ n / k ⁇ 5 over the entire visible wavelength range and a bulk electrical resistivity of greater than 10 "5 ⁇ .cm: NbN ii- metal functional layers of material with infrared reflection properties and / or solar radiation:
• silver also has a ratio of 0 ⁇ n / k ⁇ 5 over the entire visible wavelength range, but its bulk electrical resistivity is less than 10 -5 ⁇ .cm. It has furthermore been found that the materials Ti, NiCr, TiN, Nb can constitute layers of absorbent material according to the definition given here.
• the stack of thin layers is deposited on a clear soda-lime glass substrate with a thickness of 4 mm of the Planilux brand, distributed by the company SAINT-GOBAIN.
• a clear soda-lime glass substrate with a thickness of 4 mm of the Planilux brand, distributed by the company SAINT-GOBAIN.
• - a ⁇ * and b ⁇ * indicate: the transmission colors a * and b * in the LAB system measured according to the illuminant D65 at 2 °; - R c indicates: the light reflection in the visible in%, measured according to the illuminant D65 at 2 °, side of the substrate coated with the stack of thin layers;
• a c * and b c * indicate: the transmission colors a * and b * in the LAB system measured according to the illuminant D65 at 2 °, next to the coated substrate;
• R g indicates: the light reflection in the visible in%, measured according to the illuminant D65 at 2 °, side of the bare substrate;
• a g * and b g * indicate: the transmission colors a * and b * in the LAB system measured according to the D65 illuminant at 2 °, next to the bare substrate. Moreover, for these examples, in all the cases where a heat treatment was applied to the substrate, it was an annealing for about 6 minutes at a temperature of about 620 ° C. followed by a cooling at ambient air (about 20 0 C), in order to simulate a heat treatment bending or quenching.
• the carrier substrate of the stack when integrated in a double glazing, it has the structure: 4-16-4 (Ar - 90%), that is to say two glass substrates, each of a thickness of 4 mm are separated by a gas strip consisting of 90% argon and 10% air having a thickness of 16 mm.
• a coefficient U, or coefficient K calculated according to the standard EN 673, of the order of 1.1 Wm -2 . ° K "1 (c '). is the thermal transmittance across the glazing, which is the amount of heat passing through the substrate in steady state, per unit area and for a unit temperature difference between the face of the glazing in contact with the external space and the face glazing in contact with the interior space).
• - FS indicates: the solar factor, that is to say the ratio, in percent, of the total solar energy entering the room through the glazing on the total incident solar energy;
• - T L indicates: the light transmission in the visible in%, measured according to the illuminant D65 at 2 °;
• - a ⁇ * and b ⁇ * indicate: the transmission colors a * and b * in the LAB system measured according to the illuminant D65 at 2 °;
• R 1 indicates: the internal light reflection in the visible in%, measured according to the illuminant D65 at 2 °, interior space side IS;
• An example No. 1 was produced according to the stack structure illustrated in FIG. 1, without an absorbent layer within the meaning of the invention and without, however, an optional protective layer 168 or a subblocking coating 130.
• Table 1 below illustrates the geometric or physical thicknesses
• Table 2 summarizes the main optical and energetic characteristics of this example 1, respectively when considering only the substrate 10/30 alone before heat treatment, the substrate 10730 'alone after a heat treatment and when they are mounted in double glazing, in face 2, F2, as in Figure 2 and in face 3, F3, as in Figure 3.
• the top line indicates the data obtained with the substrate 10 and the bottom line indicates the data obtained with the heat treated substrate 10 '; similarly, for the two lines F3, the top line indicates the data obtained with the substrate without heat treatment (which is then the substrate 30) and the bottom line indicates the data obtained with the heat-treated substrate (which is then the substrate 30 ').
• the light transmission in the visible T L of the glazing is of the order of 65% and the color in external reflection is relatively neutral.
• the external light reflection R e does not give complete satisfaction, in the sense that it may appear too high, both in face 2 and face 3 and it is then desirable to reduce it to a value equal to or less than 20 %, or to a value equal to or less than 15%, without the other parameters and in particular the color parameters being affected.
• Table 3 below illustrates the geometrical thicknesses in nanometers of each of the layers of these examples:
• Examples 2 and 3 are thus substantially identical to Example 1 except that the dielectric layers 122 and 166 have each been separated into two parts of substantially identical thickness (respectively 122/124 and 164/166) and that an absorbent layer 123, 165 has been inserted each time between these two layers, that is to say substantially in the middle of the layers 122 and 166 of Example 1.
• the absorbent material of the absorbent layers is symmetrically disposed in the underlying coating 120 (i.e., between the carrier substrate and the functional layer 140) and in the overlying coating 160 (that is, that is to say on the functional layer 140, opposite the carrier substrate): the two absorbent layers 123 and 165 have the same physical thickness; they are both in the same material and have been deposited under the same conditions.
• Table 4 summarizes the main optical and energetic characteristics of these examples 2 and 3, respectively when only the substrate alone is considered, without heat treatment, and when this is mounted in double glazing, indifferently on face 2, as in figure 2 or on face 3, as in figure 3.
• Example 1 the color seen from the outside, is little different from that of Example 1 and remains neutral, whether the stack has undergone heat treatment or not.
• the quenching heat treatment has only slightly affected the examples according to the invention.
• the square resistance of the stacks according to the invention, both before and after heat treatment is always less than 4 ohms per square.
• Examples 2 and 3 show that it is possible to combine a high selectivity, a low emissivity and a low external light reflection, with a stack comprising a single functional silver metal layer, while maintaining a suitable aesthetic (the T L is greater than 60% and the colors are neutral in external reflection).
• the light reflection R L , the light transmission T L measured according to the illuminant D65 and the reflection colors a * and b * in the LAB system measured according to the substrate-side illuminant D65 do not vary significantly in heat treatment.
• the mechanical strength of the stack according to the invention is very good.
• the overall chemical behavior of this stack is generally good.
• this glazing comprises three substrates 10, 20, 30 which are held together by a frame structure 90 and which are separated, respectively two by two, by a interlayer gas blade 15, 25.
• the glazing thus makes a separation between an outer space ES and an interior space IS.
• the stack can be positioned in face 2 (on the outermost glass sheet of the building considering the incident sense of sunlight entering the building and on its face facing the gas blade) or opposite 5 (on the innermost sheet of the building considering the incident sense of sunlight entering the building and its face turned towards the gas blade).
• FIGS. 5 and 6 respectively illustrate the positioning: in face 2 of a stack of thin layers 14 positioned on an inner face 11 of the substrate 10 in contact with the intermediate gas blade 15, the other face 9 of the substrate 10 being in contact with the outer space ES; and in front of a stack of thin layers 26 positioned on an inner face 29 of the substrate 30 in contact with the spacer gas plate 25, the other face 31 of the substrate 30 being in contact with the interior space IS.
• one of the substrates has a laminated structure; however, there is no possible confusion because in such a structure, there is no intervening gas blade. It may further be provided that at least one substrate 10, 20, 30 has on at least one face 11, 19, 21, 29 in contact with a spacer gas plate 15, an antireflection coating 18, 22 which is vis-à-vis with respect to said interlayer gas plate 15, 25 with a stack of thin layers 14, 26 with infrared reflection properties and / or solar radiation.
• FIG. 6 thus illustrates the case where the central substrate 20 of the triple glazing has on its face 21 which is in contact with the intermediate gas plate 25 an antireflection coating 22 which faces the said gas strip. interlayer 25 with the stack of thin layers 26 with infrared reflection properties and / or solar radiation.
• the thin film stack 14 with infrared reflection properties and / or solar radiation is positioned on the face 11 of the substrate 10, c is then the face 19 of the central substrate 20 of the triple glazing which is in contact with the intermediate gas strip 15 which has an antireflection coating 18 which is opposite to said interleaf gas blade 15 with the stack of thin layers 14.
• the other side of the central substrate 20 of the triple glazing is also provided with an antireflection coating, as illustrated for the first of these two cases in FIG.
• the purpose of this insertion of one (or more) anti-reflective coating (s) in a triple glazing structure is to allow to obtain a high light transmission and a high solar factor, at least a light transmission and a solar factor similar to that of double glazing with reinforced thermal insulation.

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• 2008
  • 2008-12-22 FR FR0858944A patent/FR2940272B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2009
  • 2009-12-22 KR KR1020117015878A patent/KR101660492B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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