Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
  • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
  • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
  • C03C17/3644—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the metal being silver
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
  • E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
  • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
  • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
  • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
  • C03C17/3626—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer one layer at least containing a nitride, oxynitride, boronitride or carbonitride
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
  • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
  • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
  • C03C17/3652—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the coating stack containing at least one sacrificial layer to protect the metal from oxidation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
  • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
  • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
  • C03C17/3657—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having optical properties
  • C03C17/366—Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
  • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
  • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
  • C03C17/3681—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
  • C03C17/3411—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
  • C03C17/3423—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials at least one of the coatings comprising a suboxide
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
  • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
  • C03C2217/21—Oxides
  • C03C2217/212—TiO2
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
  • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
  • C03C2217/21—Oxides
  • C03C2217/216—ZnO
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
  • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
  • C03C2217/25—Metals
  • C03C2217/251—Al, Cu, Mg or noble metals
  • C03C2217/254—Noble metals
  • C03C2217/256—Ag
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
  • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
  • C03C2217/28—Other inorganic materials
  • C03C2217/281—Nitrides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
  • C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
  • C03C2217/73—Anti-reflective coatings with specific characteristics
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
  • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
  • C03C2218/15—Deposition methods from the vapour phase
  • C03C2218/154—Deposition methods from the vapour phase by sputtering
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/673—Assembling the units
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
  • Y02B80/22—Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing

Definitions

• the invention relates to a multiple glazing unit comprising at least two substrates, of the glass-substrate type, which are held together by a frame structure, said glazing effecting a separation between a glazing element and a glass-forming structure. outer space and an interior space, wherein at least one spacer gas strip is disposed between the two substrates.
• one of the substrates may be coated on an inner face in contact with the interlayer gas plate of a stack of thin layers with infrared reflection properties and / or in single-layer solar radiation.
• metallic functional device in particular based on silver or metal alloy containing silver and two antireflection coatings, said coatings each comprising at least one dielectric layer, said functional layer being disposed between the two antireflection coatings.
• the invention relates more particularly to the use of such substrates for manufacturing thermal insulation and / or sun protection glazings.
• These windows may be intended to equip buildings, in particular to reduce the air conditioning effort and / or prevent excessive overheating (so-called “solar control” glazing) and / or reduce the amount of energy dissipated to the environment.
• exterior sin-called "low emissive” glazing driven by the ever increasing importance of glazed surfaces in buildings.
• These windows can also be integrated in glazing with special features, such as heated windows or electrochromic windows.
• a type of layer stack known to give substrates such properties comprises a functional metallic layer with reflective properties in the infrared and / or in the solar radiation, in particular a metallic functional layer based on silver or alloy metallic containing silver.
• the functional layer is thus disposed between two antireflection coatings each in general comprising several layers which are each made of a dielectric material of the nitride type, and in particular silicon nitride or aluminum oxide, or oxide. From an optical point of view, the purpose of these coatings which frame the functional metallic layer is to "antireflect" this metallic functional layer.
• a blocking coating is however sometimes interposed between one or each antireflection coating and the functional metal layer, the blocking coating disposed under the functional layer towards the substrate protects it during a possible heat treatment at high temperature, the bending type and and / or quenching and the blocking coating disposed on the functional layer opposite the substrate protects this layer from possible degradation during the deposition of the upper dielectric coating and during a possible heat treatment at high temperature, such as bending and / or quenching.
• the invention relates more particularly to the use of an intermediate layer inside the stack and to the implementation of a treatment of the complete thin-film stack using a source producing radiation. and in particular infrared radiation.
• the object of the invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, by developing a new type of multilayer stack with a single functional layer, which stack, after treatment, a resistance even more square weak (and therefore an even lower emissivity).
• the object of the invention is therefore, in its broadest sense, a substrate coated on one side with a thin film stack with infrared and / or solar reflection properties according to claim 1.
• This stack comprises a single functional metal layer, in particular based on silver or metal alloy containing silver, and two anti-reflective coatings, said coatings each comprising at least one dielectric layer, said functional layer being disposed between the two antireflection coatings .
• At least one of said antireflection coatings comprises an intermediate layer comprising zinc oxide ZniOi + x with 0.05 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.3 and having a physical thickness of between 0.5 nm and 20 nm, even between 2.5 nm and 10 nm, or even between 2.5 nm and 4 nm.
• an intermediate layer based on zinc oxide stoichiometric provides after treatment with a radiation source, a resistance even lower square.
• coating in the sense of the present invention, it should be understood that there may be a single layer or several layers of different materials inside the coating.
• dielectric layer in the sense of the present invention, it should be understood that from the point of view of its nature, the material of the layer is "non-metallic", that is to say is not a metal. In the context of the invention, this term designates a material having an n / k ratio over the entire visible wavelength range (from 380 nm to 780 nm) equal to or greater than 5.
• the refractive index values given in this document are the values measured as usually at the wavelength of 550 nm.
• layer-based within the meaning of the present invention, it should be understood that the layer comprises more than 50 atomic% of the material mentioned.
• Said intermediate layer preferably comprises zinc oxide ZniOi + x with 0.1 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.3, or even with 0.15 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.25.
• said intermediate layer consists of zinc oxide ZniOi + x and has no other element.
• said intermediate layer is located in the antireflection coating above the functional layer, preferably directly on an over-blocking coating located directly on said functional layer, considered starting from the substrate.
• an intermediate layer located in the antireflection coating overlying the functional layer may have a beneficial effect on the quality of this functional layer, since this functional layer is located below towards the substrate, and thus on the resistance by square of the stack.
• said intermediate layer is located in said dielectric coating disposed below said metal functional layer, preferably directly under said functional layer.
• said intermediate layer is preferably located on another face, directly in contact with a nitride-based dielectric layer having a physical thickness of between 10 and 50 nm, this layer being preferably based on silicon nitride Si 3 N 4 .
• Said antireflection coating disposed below said metal functional layer preferably comprises a high index layer made of a material having a refractive index of between 2.3 and 2.7, this layer being preferably based on oxide.
• This high-index layer makes it possible to maximize the high light transmission in the visible of the stack and has a favorable effect on obtaining neutral colors, both in transmission and in reflection.
• This high-index layer preferably has a physical thickness of between 5 and 25 nm.
• the last layer of the overlying dielectric coating, the furthest away from the substrate is based on oxide, deposited preferably under stoichiometric, and in particular is based on titanium oxide. (TiO x ).
• the stack can thus comprise a last layer ("overcoat” in English), that is to say a protective layer, deposited preferably stoichiometric. This layer is found oxidized essentially stoichiometrically in the stack after deposition.
• a layer according to the invention comprising zinc oxide ZniOi + x with 0.05 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.3 and having a physical thickness of between 0.5 nm and 20 nm, or even between 2.5 nm and 10 nm, or even between 2.5 nm and 4 nm as an intermediate layer in an antireflection coating of a thin layer stack with a single functional layer.
• the invention also relates to a process for obtaining a substrate coated on one side of a thin film stack with infrared reflection properties and / or in solar radiation comprising a single metallic functional layer, in particular silver-based or metal alloy containing silver, and two anti-reflective coatings, comprising the following steps, in order:
• a thin film stack with infrared reflection properties and / or solar radiation comprising a single metallic functional layer, in particular based on silver or silver.
• metal alloy containing silver, and two anti-reflective coatings then
• processing said stack of thin layers with a source producing radiation and in particular infrared radiation.
• the invention further relates to a multiple glazing unit comprising at least two substrates which are held together by a frame structure, said glazing providing a separation between an outer space and an interior space, wherein at least one spacer gas strip is disposed between the two substrates, a substrate being according to the invention.
• a single multiple glazing substrate having at least two substrates or multiple glazing having at least three substrates is coated on an inner face in contact with the interposed gas layer of a thin film stack with reflection properties in the substrate. infrared and / or in solar radiation according to the invention.
• the glazing according to the invention incorporates at least the carrier substrate of the stack according to the invention, optionally associated with at least one other substrate.
• Each substrate can be clear or colored.
• At least one of the substrates may be colored glass in the mass. The choice of the type of coloration will depend on the level of light transmission and / or the colorimetric appearance sought for the glazing once its manufacture is complete.
• the glazing according to the invention may have a laminated structure, in particular associating at least two rigid substrates of the glass type with at least one thermoplastic polymer sheet, in order to present a glass-like structure / thin-film stack / sheet (s) / glass / interlayer gas blade / glass sheet.
• the polymer may especially be based on polyvinyl butyral PVB, ethylene vinyl acetate EVA, PET polyethylene terephthalate, PVC polyvinyl chloride.
• the present invention thus makes it possible to produce a stack of functional monolayer thin films having, deposited on a transparent substrate, even lower square resistance after treatment with the aid of a radiation source.
• the treatment using a radiation source is not a high temperature heat treatment of the entire set consisting of the substrate and the stack; the substrate is therefore not heat treated by this treatment using a radiation source (no bending, quenching or annealing).
• FIG. 1 a functional monolayer stack according to the invention, the functional layer being deposited directly on a sub-blocking coating and directly under an overblocking coating, the stack being illustrated during the treatment using a source producing radiation;
• FIG. 1 illustrates a structure of a functional monolayer stack of the prior art deposited on a transparent glass substrate, in which the single functional layer 140, in particular based on silver or metal alloy containing silver, is disposed between two dielectric coatings, the underlying dielectric coating 120 located below the functional layer 140 towards the substrate 10 and the overlying dielectric coating 160 disposed above the functional layer 140 at the opposite of the substrate 10.
• These two dielectric coatings 120, 160 each comprise at least two dielectric layers 122, 126, 128; 162, 164.
• the functional layer 140 can be deposited directly on a sub-blocking coating 130 placed between the underlying dielectric coating 120 and the functional layer 140 and, on the other hand, the functional layer 140 can be deposited directly under an overblocking coating 150 disposed between the functional layer 140 and the overlying dielectric coating 160.
• the layers of under and / or overlocking although deposited in metallic form and presented as being metal layers, are sometimes in practice oxidized layers because one of their functions (in particular particular for the overblocking layer) is to oxidize during the deposition of the stack to protect the functional layer.
• This dielectric coating 160 may be terminated by an optional protective layer 168, in particular based on oxide, in particular under stoichiometric oxygen.
• this glazing comprises two substrates 10, 30 which are held together by a frame structure 90 and which are separated from each other. the other by an interposed gas blade 15.
• the glazing thus makes a separation between an outer space ES and an interior space IS.
• the stack can be positioned in face 2 (on the outermost sheet of the building by considering the incident sense of sunlight entering the building and on its face facing the gas blade).
• FIG. 2 illustrates this positioning (the incident direction of the solar light entering the building being illustrated by the double arrow) in face 2 of a stack of thin layers 14 positioned on an inner face 11 of the substrate 10 in contact with the blade intermediate gas 15, the other side 9 of the substrate 10 being in contact with the outer space ES.
• one of the substrates has a laminated structure.
• the antireflection coating 120 underlying the functional layer 140 comprises three antireflection layers 122, 124, 128, the layer 122, the first layer of the stack and in contact with the face 11, is a layer with index average refraction; it is made of Si 3 N 4 : Al nitride and is deposited from a metal target doped with 8% by weight of aluminum.
• the first medium index antireflection layer 122 is at; It has a refractive index between 1, 9 and 2.1, which is precisely 2.0.
• the second antireflection coating of the antireflection coating 120, the layer 124 is of high refractive index. It is based on titanium oxide; It has a refractive index between 2.3 and 2.7, which is here precisely 2.46.
• the third antireflection coating of the anti-reflective coating 120 is a wetting layer 128 disposed just below the metallic functional layer 140.
• the antireflection layer 128 is called “wetting layer” because it improves the crystallization of the metal functional layer 140 which is here in silver, which improves its conductivity.
• This antireflection layer 128 is zinc oxide doped with aluminum ZnO: Al (deposited from a metal target consisting of zinc doped with 2% by weight of aluminum).
• the overlying antireflection coating 160 comprises:
• a protective layer 168 based on oxide a protective layer 168 based on oxide.
• the layer deposition conditions are:
• the deposited layers can thus be classified into three categories: i- layers of dielectric material, having an n / k ratio over the entire visible wavelength range greater than 5:
• i-metallic functional layers made of material with reflection properties in the infrared and / or in the solar radiation:
• silver also has a ratio of 0 ⁇ n / k ⁇ 5 over the entire visible wavelength range, but its bulk electrical resistivity is less than 10 "6 ⁇ .cm.
• the stack of thin layers is deposited on a clear soda-lime glass substrate with a thickness of 4 mm of the Planilux brand, distributed by the company SAINT-GOBAIN.
• R indicates the resistance per square of the stack, measured in ohms per square.
• the carrier substrate of the stack when integrated in a double glazing, it has the structure: 4-16-4 (Ar - 90%), that is to say two glass substrates, each of a thickness of 4 mm are separated by a gas strip consisting of 90% argon and 10% air having a thickness of 16 mm.
• a coefficient U, or coefficient K calculated according to the standard EN 673, of the order of 1.0 Wm -2 . ° K "1 (c '). is the thermal transmittance across the glazing, which is the amount of heat passing through the substrate in steady state, per unit area and for a unit temperature difference between the face of the glazing in contact with the external space and the face glazing in contact with the interior space).
• Table 1 illustrates the geometrical or physical thicknesses (and not the optical thicknesses) in nanometers of each of the layers of the series of examples:
• the flow of oxygen to deposit the layer 162 is 400 sccm; it is the flux which makes it possible, under the deposition conditions of this layer, to deposit a layer having the stable stoichiometry of ZniOi.
• Example 1 thus constitutes a counterexample of the invention.
• the flow of oxygen to deposit the layer 162 is 450 sccm; this flow makes it possible to deposit a layer having the stoichiometry of ⁇ , ⁇ 25 ⁇
• the ratio O / Zn is greater than the usual ratio; the deposited layer is therefore super-stoichiometric in oxygen.
• the flow of oxygen to deposit the layer 162 is
• the square resistance of the stack is improved after the treatment of the stack in the sense that it diminishes.
• the processing of the stack consists in passing the stack, after the deposition of all the layers, under a curtain of diode laser, the diodes being positioned above the stack in refrence in FIG. 1 and emitting in the direction stacking.
• the diodes emit at the wavelength of 980 nm, each diode emitting over a length of 12 mm and a width of 50 ⁇ .
• the running speed of the subtrate coated with the complete stack is 7 m / minute.
• the intermediate layer according to the invention can be deposited from a ceramic target which comprises the oxygen necessary to reach the target super-stoichiometry and in an atmosphere without oxygen, or can be deposited from a ceramic target which does not have all the oxygen necessary to reach the target super-stoichiometry and in an atmosphere with oxygen.
• the present invention is described in the foregoing by way of example.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

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• 2014
  • 2014-09-30 FR FR1459255A patent/FR3026403B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2015
  • 2015-09-29 MX MX2017004159A patent/MX2017004159A/es unknown
  • 2015-09-29 US US15/515,354 patent/US10472881B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2015-09-29 KR KR1020177009867A patent/KR20170063706A/ko unknown
  • 2015-09-29 CN CN201580053115.XA patent/CN106715351A/zh active Pending
  • 2015-09-29 EP EP15787258.1A patent/EP3201152A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2015-09-29 EA EA201790761A patent/EA201790761A1/ru unknown
  • 2015-09-29 WO PCT/FR2015/052587 patent/WO2016051066A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2015-09-29 BR BR112017006220-8A patent/BR112017006220A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2015-09-29 JP JP2017517090A patent/JP2017537044A/ja active Pending
• 2017
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