EP2368289A1 - Procédé et dispositif de protection d'une batterie lithium-ion dans un véhicule - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de protection d'une batterie lithium-ion dans un véhicule

Info

Publication number
EP2368289A1
EP2368289A1 EP09799325A EP09799325A EP2368289A1 EP 2368289 A1 EP2368289 A1 EP 2368289A1 EP 09799325 A EP09799325 A EP 09799325A EP 09799325 A EP09799325 A EP 09799325A EP 2368289 A1 EP2368289 A1 EP 2368289A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lithium
ion battery
vehicle
battery
protecting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09799325A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rainer Falsett
Rainer Mäckel
Thomas Schulz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Auto Kabel Management GmbH
Original Assignee
INNOFONT GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INNOFONT GmbH and Co KG filed Critical INNOFONT GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2368289A1 publication Critical patent/EP2368289A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for protecting a lithium-ion battery in a vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the preamble of patent claim 4.
  • a conventional Batte ⁇ eelektronik used to determine certain parameters and / or operating states of an electrochemical energy storage, in particular a battery of a motor vehicle. These operating conditions include, for example, the so-called state of charge, also known as state of charge (SOC), battery aging, also known as state of health (SOH), and the ability to perform certain vehicle functions, also known as state of function (SOF).
  • SOC state of charge
  • SOH state of health
  • SOF state of function
  • a disconnector for example, designed as a pyrotechnic switch, relay and / or reversible fuse exists.
  • This disconnector is used as crash shutdown and disconnects an electrical system from a battery in an accident. As a result, the electrical system is protected against short circuits and resulting fires or the like.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an improved method for protecting a lithium-ion battery and an improved apparatus for performing the method.
  • the object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1 and in terms of the apparatus for performing the method by the features specified in claim 4.
  • the lithium-ion battery is disconnected in thermal and / or electrical overload of a vehicle electrical system of a vehicle.
  • a current value, a voltage value, a temperature value and / or an in-line pressure are determined.
  • a temperature and an internal pressure in case of malfunction increases considerably, since an electrochemically active mass, for example a metal oxide or metal phosphate, contained in the lithium-ion battery is thermally unstable is and decomposes irreversibly above a certain temperature in an exothermic reaction. By this decomposition process, the lithium-ion battery heats up further and the internal pressure continues to rise. This can cause such a lithium-ion battery to explode and / or release harmful substances.
  • an electrochemically active mass for example a metal oxide or metal phosphate
  • a connection between the lithium-ion battery and a vehicle electrical system in the vehicle can be permanently interrupted by means of the solution according to the invention even before an explosion and / or a release of harmful substances.
  • a disconnector in the vehicle is arranged between the lithium-ion battery and the vehicle electrical system.
  • the lithium-ion battery is included thermal and / or electrical overload of the vehicle electrical system of the vehicle by means of the disconnector separable.
  • the disconnector is formed, for example, as a relay, a reversible fuse or a pyrotechmscher switch.
  • the parameters of the lithium-ion battery can be monitored automatically by means of battery electronics.
  • a current value, a voltage value, a temperature value and / or a cell pressure can be determined as parameters.
  • a critical state of the lithium-ion battery can be seen early on and the lithium-ion battery can be separated from the electrical system controlled by the disconnected from the on-board network by exceeding the limits set in the battery electronics by means of the disconnector.
  • such a lithium-ion battery can be used in a hybrid drive vehicle or in a fuel cell vehicle.
  • These vehicles require very powerful lithium-ion batteries, which are to be accommodated in a very limited space.
  • a very high level of protection must be ensured since damage to one or more lithium-ion batteries, for example an explosion and / or leakage of harmful substances from the lithium-ion batteries, both For the vehicle as well as for passengers could have serious consequences, such as damage to the vehicle, poisoning and / or caustic burns of the occupants, in case of overheating of the lithium-ion battery a fire of the vehicle or by a Explosion of the lithium-ion battery or its effects caused accident of the vehicle.
  • the solution according to the invention makes it possible to ensure that such vehicles can be operated efficiently and safely.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a device according to the invention in a vehicle electrical system.
  • a lithium-ion battery 1 in a vehicle electrical system 4 of a vehicle not shown is monitored automatically by means of a battery electronics 2.
  • the battery electrom 2 automatically monitors parameters and / or operating states of the lithium-ion battery 1.
  • the current value of the lithium-ion battery 1 is measured, for example, with a so-called shunt resistor. That is, the current flowing through the vehicle electrical system 4, in particular a ground line of the vehicle, in the lithium-ion battery 3 is conducted via a shunt resistor, whereby a voltage drop occurs at the shunt resistor, which is proportional to the flowing current.
  • the voltage dropping across the shunt resistor is tapped off and an electrical measuring circuit for evaluating the signal, hereinafter referred to as Batte ⁇ eelektronik 2, supplied.
  • the detection unit 6 also contains a device for measuring the voltage value of the lithium-ion battery 1 and / or a device for measuring the temperature value, as well as a device for measuring the cell internal pressure of the lithium-ion battery 1.
  • the device for measuring the temperature value is preferably formed by a temperature sensor, for example a platinum temperature sensor, a so-called NTC Teraturatursensor (Negative Temperature Coefficient - hot conductor) or PTC temperature sensor (Positive Temperature Coefficient - PTC).
  • a temperature sensor for example a platinum temperature sensor, a so-called NTC Teraturatursensor (Negative Temperature Coefficient - hot conductor) or PTC temperature sensor (Positive Temperature Coefficient - PTC).
  • the device for measuring the internal internal pressure is preferably formed by a pressure sensor, for example a piezoresistive, a piezoelectric or a capacitive pressure sensor.
  • the battery electronics 2 and the detection unit 6 are preferably arranged spatially integrated in or on a housing of the lithium-ion battery 1.
  • the disconnector 3 is arranged between the vehicle electrical system 4 and the lithium-ion battery 1.
  • the lithium-ion battery 1 is electrically from the electrical system 4 and at least one consumer 5 arranged therein separated.
  • Em such separator is designed for example as a relay, a reversible fuse or a pyrotechnic switch. Spatially, this separator can also be arranged in the housing of the battery.
  • the pyrotechnic switch is designed in such a way that a pyrotechnic charge m is integrated into a current path and the current path can be separated by igniting the pyrotechnic charge in such a way that current flow is interrupted. This ignition of the pyrotechnic charge is controlled by the Batte ⁇ eelektronik 2
  • the lithium-ion battery 1 can be controlled by the Batte ⁇ eelektronik 2 by exceeding the limits stored in the battery electronics 2 by means of the separator 3 be disconnected from the electrical system 4 and at least one consumer 5 arranged therein.
  • a temperature and an internal pressure in case of malfunction increases significantly, since a contained in the lithium-ion battery 1 electrochemically active material, such as metal oxide or metal phosphate, thermal is unstable and irreversibly decomposes above a certain temperature in an exothermic reaction. By this decomposition process, the lithium-ion battery 1 heats up further and the internal pressure continues to increase. This can lead to such a lithium ion battery 1 exploding and / or releasing harmful substances.
  • a connection between the lithium-ion battery 1 and a vehicle electrical system 4 in the vehicle is permanently interruptible by means of the solution according to the invention even before an explosion and / or a release of harmful substances.
  • such a lithium ion battery can be used in a hybrid vehicle with a fuel cell vehicle or a battery-powered vehicle.
  • a lithium ion battery 1 can also be used as a starter battery in a conventional vehicle. These vehicles require very powerful lithium-ion batteries.
  • Ion batteries 1 which are to be accommodated in a very limited installation space
  • a very high level of protection must be ensured since damage to one or more lithium ion batteries 1, for example an explosion and / or or the leakage of harmful substances from the lithium-ion batteries 1, could have serious consequences for both the vehicle and occupants, such as damage to the vehicle, poisoning and / or caustic burns of the occupants, when the lithium-ion battery 1 overheats a fire of the vehicle or an accident of the vehicle caused by an explosion of the lithium-ion battery 1 or its effects.
  • the solution according to the invention makes it possible to ensure that such vehicles can be operated efficiently and safely.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de protection d'une batterie lithium-ion (1) dans un véhicule. Selon l'invention, en cas de surcharge thermique et/ou électrique, la batterie lithium-ion (1) est isolée du réseau de bord (4) d'un véhicule. Par ailleurs, l'invention concerne un dispositif pour la protection d'une batterie lithium-ion (1) dans un véhicule.
EP09799325A 2008-12-24 2009-12-16 Procédé et dispositif de protection d'une batterie lithium-ion dans un véhicule Withdrawn EP2368289A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008063136A DE102008063136A1 (de) 2008-12-24 2008-12-24 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schutz einer Lithium-Ionen-Batterie in einem Fahrzeug
PCT/EP2009/067290 WO2010072633A1 (fr) 2008-12-24 2009-12-16 Procédé et dispositif de protection d'une batterie lithium-ion dans un véhicule

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2368289A1 true EP2368289A1 (fr) 2011-09-28

Family

ID=40953210

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09799325A Withdrawn EP2368289A1 (fr) 2008-12-24 2009-12-16 Procédé et dispositif de protection d'une batterie lithium-ion dans un véhicule

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20110273809A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2368289A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102334226A (fr)
DE (1) DE102008063136A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010072633A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102334226A (zh) 2012-01-25
US20110273809A1 (en) 2011-11-10
WO2010072633A1 (fr) 2010-07-01
DE102008063136A1 (de) 2009-09-17

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