EP2364425B1 - Bewegbares umleitungsblech für einen wärmetauscher und verfahren zur minderung der schwingungen des wärmetauschers - Google Patents

Bewegbares umleitungsblech für einen wärmetauscher und verfahren zur minderung der schwingungen des wärmetauschers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2364425B1
EP2364425B1 EP09760648.7A EP09760648A EP2364425B1 EP 2364425 B1 EP2364425 B1 EP 2364425B1 EP 09760648 A EP09760648 A EP 09760648A EP 2364425 B1 EP2364425 B1 EP 2364425B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube bundle
tubes
baffle
apertures
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09760648.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2364425A1 (de
Inventor
Amar S. Wanni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co
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Publication of EP2364425A1 publication Critical patent/EP2364425A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2364425B1 publication Critical patent/EP2364425B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0131—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/30—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing vibrations

Definitions

  • This invention relates to tube bundle devices as defined in the preamble of claim 1 such as heat exchangers, condensers and similar fluid-handling equipment with collections of tubes or rod-like elements, for example, in devices such as nuclear reactors, chemical reactors, electrical heaters, or any collection of parallel cylindrical shapes that has a fluid flow passing over the tubes or other elements.
  • the present invention relates to a displaceable baffle as defined in the preamble of claim 16 for use in connection with the bundle to provide support to the individual tubes within the bundle and reduce vibration.
  • the present invention is also directed to a method for reducing vibration as defined in the preamble of claim 23 in a tube bundle in a heat exchanger.
  • Such devices, baffles and methods are known from US 4,475,588 .
  • Tube bundle equipment such as shell and tube heat exchangers and other similar fluid handling devices such as flow dampers and flow straighteners utilize tubes organized in bundles to conduct the fluids through the equipment.
  • the configuration of the tubes in the bundle is set by the tubesheets into which the tubes are set.
  • One common configuration for the tubes is the rectangular or square formation with the tubes set in aligned rows with tube lanes (the straight paths between the tubes) between each pair or rows, aligned orthogonally to one another.
  • each tube is adjacent to eight other tubes except at the periphery of the tube bundle and is directly opposite a corresponding tube across the tube lane separating its row from the two adjacent rows.
  • the tubes in alternate rows are aligned with one another so that each tube is adjacent to six other tubes (the two adjacent tubes in the same row and four tubes in the two adjacent rows).
  • Increases in throughput in existing exchangers are often desired either to reduce capital cost by reducing equipment size or to increase productivity factors.
  • a common limiting factor experienced when evaluating the increase of rates in a heat exchanger is the potential for flow-induced vibration damage of the tubes. Fluid flow patterns around the tubes may give rise to flow-induced vibrations of an organized or random oscillatory nature in the tube bundle and in the case of devices such as heat exchangers in which heat transfer takes place between the tubes and the surrounding fluid, the changes in the velocity, temperature and density of the fluid as it circulates and flows around the tubes may increase the likelihood of vibration. If these vibrations reach certain critical amplitudes, damage to the bundle may result.
  • Tube vibration problems may be exacerbated if the heat exchanger equipment is retubed with tubes of a different material to the original tubes, for example, if relatively stiff materials are replaced with lighter weight tubes.
  • Flow-induced vibration may also occur when equipment is put to more severe operating demands, for example, when other existing equipment is upgraded and a previously satisfactory heat exchanger, under new conditions, becomes subject to flow-induced vibrations. Vibration may even be encountered under certain conditions when a heat exchanger is still in the flow stream but without heat transfer taking place as well as in other bundle devices with collections of rods or rod-like elements in a flow stream with or without heat transfer.
  • Rod baffle heat exchangers are shell and tube type heat exchangers utilizing rod baffles to support the tubes and secure them against vibrations.
  • the term “baffle” refers to the cages, placed every 15 cm or so along the length of the tube bundle, in which the ends of a plurality of support rods are connected to form a cage-like tube support structure; hence the term "rod baffle”.
  • Rod baffle exchangers tend to be approximately 30 to 40% more expensive than conventional shell- and-tube exchangers and there have been situations where tube bundle devices of this kind have failed owing to flow-induced vibrations.
  • the rod baffles must have very precise dimensions.
  • Rod baffle heat exchangers are described, for example, in U.S. Patents Nos. 4,342,360 to Gentry et al. ; 5,388,638 to Gentry ; 5,553,665 to Gentry ; and 5,642,778 to Gentry .
  • certain applications of the rod baffle design such as gas-compression applications may benefit from longitudinal-flow, with shell-side pressure losses to be minimized.
  • Reduction in shell-side pressure losses may be accomplished by increasing rod baffle spacing, thereby reducing the number of rod baffles, or by decreasing the number of tubes by increasing the tube pitch dimension, i.e., the distance between two adjacent rows of tubes as measured from the center of the tubes.
  • Increasing baffle spacing is usually not an attractive option, since increased baffle spacing increases the likelihood of flow-induced tube vibration occurrence.
  • This rod baffle design represents an attempt to deal with the pressure drop problems of the rod baffle configuration.
  • Tube support devices or tube stakes as these support devices are commonly known (and referred to in this specification) may be installed in the tube bundle in order to control flow-induced vibration and to prevent excessive movement of the tubes.
  • a number of tube supports or tube stakes have been proposed and are commercially available.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,648,442 to Williams U.S. Patent No. 4,919,199 to Hahn
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,213,155 to Hahn and U.S. Patent No. 6,401,803 to Hahn describe different types of tube stake or tube support which can be inserted into the tube bundle to reduce vibration.
  • Patent No. 7,032,655 are used to deflect the individual tubes into contact with the slotted baffles such that the baffles in combination with the stakes support the tubes and reduce vibration, as shown in Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 1 There, however, is a need to reduce vibration in tubes bundles without the use of the tube stakes especially for use, for example, in new tube bundles.
  • a tube bundle device e.g., a heat exchanger
  • a displaceable baffle which supports the tubes in the bundle device.
  • the use of the terminology is used by way of example. It is contemplated that the present invention is not limited to tubes; rather, it is contemplated that the rods and other heat transfer or fluid flow elements may be employed and are considered to be well within the scope of the present invention.
  • the tube bundle device includes a housing, and a tube bundle located within the housing.
  • the tube bundle has a plurality of tubes arranged parallel to one another in tube rows.
  • the tubes may be arranged in a conventional rectangular configuration or a conventional triangular configuration.
  • the tube bundle device includes at least one displaceable support baffle.
  • Each displaceable support baffle has a plurality of apertures formed therein.
  • the apertures are sized to receive at least one tube therethrough.
  • Various aperture configurations are contemplated.
  • the apertures may be sized to receive a single tube therethough.
  • the apertures may be formed as elongated slots to receive multiple tubes as disclosed, for example, in co-pending US Patent Application No.
  • the apertures may be formed as elongated slots formed from elongated rods or bars secured to a cage, as disclosed, for example, in US Patent No. 7,219,718 and US Patent No. 7,073,575 , both entitled “Reduced Vibration Tube Bundle,” the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference in their entireties.
  • each displaceable support baffle has at least a first portion and a second portion, whereby the portions are selectively displaceable between a first loading position to facilitate positioning of the displaceable support baffle on the tube bundle and a second installed position causing deflection of the tubes passing through the plurality of apertures.
  • At least one first fastener is provided to secure or maintain the portions in the first loading position. After locating the displaceable support baffle in the desired location along the axis of the tube bundle, the at least one first fastener is either loosened or removed to permit displacement of the portions with respect to each other to the second position.
  • the first fasteners may be clamps, screws, bolts or any other suitable fastener that maintains the portions in the first position while being installed, but can be removed to permit displacement of the portions to the second position. It is contemplated that the portions can be either brought closer together or spread further apart in the second installed position provided that the tubes passing through the displaceable support baffle are deflected. At least one second fastener is provided to secure or maintain the portions in the second installed position.
  • the second fasteners may be clamps, screws, bolts, welds or any other suitable fastener that maintains the portions in the second installed position.
  • the present invention is not intended to be limited to a first portion and a second portion, rather any number of portions greater than two are contemplated provided the portions can be displaced relative to each other in order to provide the necessary deflection of the tubes within the bundle.
  • At least one insert is provided between the portions to provide the necessary spacing between the portions such that the tubes are deflected by the portions.
  • the second fasteners are then used to secure the portions and the inserts in their proper orientation.
  • the displaceable support baffle is used in conjunction with at least one fixed baffle.
  • Each fixed baffle having a plurality of apertures that are sized to receive at least one of the tubes therethrough.
  • the at least one fixed baffle and the at least one displaceable support baffle are spaced along the longitudinal axis of the tube bundle.
  • each displaceable support baffle is spaced from an adjacent fixed baffle.
  • a displaceable support baffle for use in supporting a plurality of tubes in a tube bundles.
  • the displaceable support baffle includes at least a first plate and a second plate. Each plate having a plurality of apertures formed therein.
  • the displaceable support baffle having at least one first fastener assembly for securing the plates together in a first loading position.
  • the displaceable support baffle further includes at least one second fastener assembly for securing the plates together in a second installed position.
  • the method includes locating at least one displaceable support baffle on the tube bundle along the longitudinal axis.
  • Each displaceable support baffle having a plurality of apertures formed therein that are sized to receive at least one of the tubes therethrough.
  • Each baffle having two or more portions, wherein each portion of the some of the plurality of apertures located therein.
  • the method further includes displacing the portions with respect to each other to an installed position and securing the portions in the installed position.
  • the tubes passing through the displaceable baffles are deflected when the portions are displaced with respect to each other.
  • the tube bundle device 1 can have one of several orientations when in use.
  • the tube bundle device can be in general oriented horizontally, vertically or any angle relative to the horizontal.
  • FIG. 1 A tube bundle having a plurality of spaced baffles is illustrated in Fig. 1 .
  • the tube bundle 10 is part of a tube bundle device 1 (e.g., a heat exchanger or other suitable heat transfer component).
  • the tube bundle 10 includes a plurality of parallel tubes 11, which extend between a pair of tubes sheets 13 and 14.
  • the tube bundle 10 is fitted into the surrounding shell or housing 20 of the tube bundle device 1.
  • fluid flow occurs through both the inside of the tubes 11 and within the shell 20 across the outside of the tubes 11.
  • the tube bundle 10 is provided with baffles to reduce flow-induced vibration within the tube bundle 10 and direct the flow of the fluid towards the tubes 11 away from the shell 20.
  • a displaceable support baffle 300 is illustrated in Fig. 2 .
  • the displaceable baffle 300 includes a plurality of apertures that are sized to receive the tubes 11 to reduce vibration.
  • the displaceable baffle 300 includes a plurality of slots 36.
  • the slots 36 are arranged to correspond to the rows of the tubes 11 in the bundle 10.
  • a plurality of vertically extending ribs 37 are provided on the baffle 300.
  • Each rib 37 extends vertically between the slots 36.
  • Each rib 37 preferably has a thickness that is slightly smaller than the spacing between adjacent tubes 11 in the tube bundle 10.
  • the present invention is not limited to vertical slots; rather, horizontal slots 46, as illustrated in Figs. 5A and 5B , are considered to be well within the scope of the present invention.
  • each rib 47 extends horizontally between the slots 46.
  • Each rib 57 preferably has a thickness that is slightly smaller than the spacing between adjacent tubes 11 in the tube bundle 10.
  • the present invention is not intended to be limited to the use of vertical slots 36 or horizontal slots 46, rather, other apertures are contemplated including but not limited to horizontal slots, openings 371 sized to receive a single tube 11, as shown in Fig. 11 , and elongated openings 372 formed from elongated bars or rods 373 secured to a cage 374, as shown in Fig. 12 . It is contemplated that the use of openings 371 for receiving individual tubes 11 therethrough may be the preferred aperture configuration.
  • a blocking region 34 around the perimeter is configured to redirect any bypass flow from between the outermost tubes 11 and the inside diameter of the shell 20 inwardly towards the tubes 11.
  • Vertical slots 36 receive the tubes 11 therein.
  • the baffle 30 includes a plurality of notches 32 and 33 formed therein.
  • the notches 32 are sized to receive a tie bar 5 therein.
  • the notches 33 are sized to receive a skid bar 6 therein.
  • the skid bar 6 is provided to ensure support during insertion of the tube bundle 10 into the shell 20.
  • the notches 32 and 33 ensure that the baffles 300 are maintained in the proper orientation.
  • the tie bars 5, the skid bars 6, the displaceable baffles 300, the fixed baffles 30, 40 (if utilized) and blocking baffles 60 (if utilized) together form a rigid cage, which facilitates the insertion of the tubes 11 of the bundle 10 into the shell 20.
  • the tube bundle 10 includes at least one partition lane, which separates the tubes 11 within the tube bundle 10 into discrete groups.
  • the partition lanes do not include any tubes 11.
  • the partition lanes may have horizontal and vertical orientations. Fluid flowing through the partition lanes does not contact the heat transfer surfaces of the tubes 11. As such, it is desirable to redirect the flow of fluid within the bundle 10 away from the partition lanes towards the tubes 11 to improve heat transfer.
  • the displaceable baffle 300 includes at least one partition lane blocking area 35 and 310 to redirect the flow of fluid within the shell of the heat exchanger 1 towards the tubes 11 of the tube bundle 10.
  • the plurality of apertures is located on opposing sides of the blocking areas 35 and 310.
  • the displaceable baffle 300 in accordance with an aspect of the present invention is divided into at least two separate portions 320 and 330 along partition lane 301 in partition lane blocking area 310.
  • the partition lane 301 is formed by cutting the baffle 300 into two sections. This can be accomplished by laser cutting or other suitable cutting method.
  • the original shape of the baffle 300 i.e., before cutting the baffle into two or more sections
  • the portions 320 and 330 can be formed as separate sections.
  • the portions 320 and 330 are secured together for loading onto the tube bundle 10 such that the baffle 300 can be properly located at the desired location on the tube bundle 10.
  • a removable clamping assembly 350 as shown in Fig. 8 , may be used to secure the portions together for purpose of properly installing the baffle 300. Once the baffle 300 is properly located and the tubes are loaded, the clamping assembly 350 is removed.
  • the baffle 300 has an orientation as illustrated in Fig. 6 .
  • the tubes 11 are received within the apertures and a small space 360 exists between the portions 320 and 330.
  • Stiffening of the tubes 11 in the bundle 10 to reduce vibration can be accomplished in one of two ways. Once the baffles 300 and other baffles described in greater detail below are properly located on the tube bundle 10 and the clamping assemblies 350 have been removed, the portions 320 and 330 can be moved closer together to a position shown in Fig. 7 or Fig. 9 . In such an arrangement, the apertures in the baffle 300 contact the tubes 11 causing an inward deflection of the tubes 11. This deflection of the tubes causes stiffening, which reduces vibration.
  • the portions 320 and 330 can be secured together using an appropriate weld along the partition lane 301, an appropriate clamping device 370, a nut and bolt fastener assembly 380 or any other suitable fastener provided such fastener maintains the portions 320 and 330 in their proper installed position during operation of the heat exchanger 1.
  • the portions 320 and 330 can be moved further apart to a position shown in Fig. 10 .
  • the baffle 300 may have an original shape that is slightly smaller such that when it is in the installed position, the outer perimeter of the baffle 300 substantially corresponds to the inner perimeter of the shell.
  • the slight movement of the two portions 320 and 330 is achieved by slightly moving the two portions away from each other, through the use of cranes, jacks or the like, and placing a properly formed insert 390 (which may be formed from a strip of metal) in the space 391 between the two portions 320 and 330 of the baffle 300.
  • the two portions can be welded to each other or secured to each other with another set of clamps to provide additional rigidity during bundle handling. In such an arrangement, the apertures in the baffle 300 contact the tubes 11 causing an outward deflection of the tubes 11.
  • the portions 320 and 330 can be maintained in such an orientation using an insert 390.
  • the portions 320 and 330 may be welded to the insert 390.
  • a clamping device 370 or any other suitable fastener may be used to secure the portions 320 and 330 provided such fastener maintains the portions 320 and 330 in their proper installed position. It is important to note that the thickness of the insert 390 should be slightly larger than the thickness of the space 391 cut in the baffle 300. For example, if the slot 391 cut is 3 mm wide, the insert 390 may be about 6 or 7 mm thick.
  • a displaceable support baffle 400 is illustrated in Fig. 5A .
  • the displaceable baffle 400 includes a plurality of apertures that are sized to receive the tubes 11 to reduce vibration.
  • the displaceable baffle 400 includes a plurality of slots 46.
  • the slots 46 are arranged to correspond to the rows of the tubes 11 in the bundle 10.
  • a plurality of horizontally extending ribs 47 are provided on the baffle 400. Each rib 47 extends horizontally between the slots 46.
  • Each rib 47 preferably has a thickness that is slightly smaller than the spacing between adjacent tubes 11 in the tube bundle 10.
  • the slots 46 can be replaced with openings 361 or elongated openings 372, as described above.
  • a blocking region 44 around the perimeter is configured to redirect any bypass flow from between the outermost tubes 11 and the inside diameter of the shell 20 inwardly towards the tubes 11.
  • Horizontal slots 46 receive the tubes 11 therein.
  • the baffle 400 includes a plurality of notches 32 and 33 formed therein.
  • the notches 32 are sized to receive a tie bar 5 therein.
  • the notches 33 are sized to receive a skid bar 6 therein.
  • the skid bar 6 is provided to ensure support during insertion of the tube bundle 10 into the shell 20.
  • the notches 32 and 33 ensure that the baffle 400 is maintained in the proper orientation.
  • the tie bars 5, the skid bars 6, the displaceable baffles 300 and 400, the fixed baffles 30, 40 (if necessary) and blocking baffles 60 (if necessary) together form a rigid cage, which facilitates the insertion of the tubes 11 of the bundle 10 into the shell 20.
  • the displaceable baffle 400 includes at least one partition lane blocking area 45 to redirect the flow of fluid within the shell of the heat exchanger 1 towards the tubes 11 of the tube bundle 10.
  • the plurality of apertures is located on opposing sides of the blocking areas 45.
  • the displaceable baffle 400 in accordance with an aspect of the present invention is divided into at least two separate portions 420 and 430 along partition lane 401 in partition lane blocking area 45.
  • the partition lane 401 is formed by cutting the baffle 400 into two sections. This can be accomplished by laser cutting or other suitable cutting method.
  • the original shape of the baffle 400 (i.e., before cutting the baffle into two or more sections) may be slightly larger than the desired shape such that the baffle 400 after it is cut into two sections and is in an installed position has an outer perimeter that is consistent with the size of the inner perimeter of the shell 20 when the portions 420 and 430 are moved closer together.
  • the original shape may be slightly smaller when the portions 420 and 430 are moved further apart in the installed position.
  • the heat exchanger 1 may not have a partition lane. This may occur in a single tube pass heat exchanger.
  • Fig. 5B illustrates a displaceable baffle 700 having more than one partition lanes 701, 702 and 703, which divide the baffle 700 into portions 710, 720, 730 and 740.
  • the portions 420 and 430 are secured together for loading onto the tube bundle 10 such that the baffle 400 can be properly located at the desired location on the tube bundle 10.
  • a removable clamping assembly 350 may be used to secure the portions together for purpose of properly installing the baffle 400.
  • the baffle 400 has an orientation as illustrated in Fig. 6 .
  • the tubes 11 are received within the apertures and a small space 360 exists between the portions 420 and 430. Once the baffle 400 is properly located and the tubes 11 are loaded, the clamping assembly 350 is removed.
  • Stiffening of the tubes 11 in the bundle 10 to reduce vibration can be accomplished in one of two ways. Once the baffles 400 and other baffles described in greater detail below are properly located on the tube bundle 10, tubes 11 are loaded and the clamping assemblies 350 have been removed, the portions 420 and 430 can be moved closer together to a position shown in Fig. 7 or Fig. 9 . In such an arrangement, the apertures in the baffle 400 contact the tubes 11 causing an inward deflection of the tubes 11. This stiffens the tubes 11 to reduce vibration.
  • the portions 420 and 430 can be secured together using an appropriate weld along the partition lane 401, an appropriate clamping device 370, a nut-and-bolt fastener assembly 380 or any other suitable fastener provided such fastener maintains the portions 420 and 430 in their proper installed position during operation of the heat exchanger 1.
  • the portions 420 and 430 can be moved further apart to a position shown in Fig. 10 .
  • the baffle 400 may have an original shape that is slightly smaller such that when it is in the installed position, the outer perimeter of the baffle 400 substantially corresponds to the inner perimeter of the shell.
  • the slight movement of the two portions 420 and 430 is achieved by slightly moving the two portions away from each other, through the use of cranes, jacks or the like, and placing a properly formed insert 390 (which may be formed from a strip of metal) in the space 391 between the two portions 420 and 430 of the baffle 400.
  • the two portions can be welded to each other or secured to each other with another set of clamps to provide additional rigidity during bundle handling.
  • the apertures in the baffle 400 contact the tubes 11 causing an outward deflection of the tubes 11.
  • the portions 420 and 430 can be maintained in such an orientation using an insert 390.
  • the portions 420 and 430 may be welded to the insert 390. It is also contemplated that a clamping device 370, or any other suitable fastener may be used to secure the portions 420 and 430 provided such fastener maintains the portions 420 and 430 in their proper installed position.
  • the displaceable baffles 300 and 400 are not limited to two displaceable portions 320, 330 and 420, 430; rather, two or more displaceable portions are considered to be well within the scope of the present invention.
  • a baffle 500 having three displaceable portions is illustrated in Fig. 3 .
  • Baffle 500 includes an additional partition lane 302.
  • a baffle 600 having four displaceable portions is illustrated in Fig. 4 .
  • Baffle 600 further includes an additional partition lane 303.
  • the displaceable portions are displaceable with respect to each other and can be secured in the proper loaded position in the manner described above. Other configurations are considered to be well within the scope of the present invention.
  • various aperture configurations are considered to be suitable for use with the baffles 500 and 600.
  • the partition lane 401 is generally parallel to the slots such that the slots can displace the tubes 11 when the portions are displaced, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4 .
  • the aperture configuration must permit displacement of the tubes when the portions are displaced relative to each other.
  • the partition lanes 701, 702 and 703 are parallel to each other.
  • the apertures may be elongated slots that extend parallel to the partition lanes such that displacement of the portions 710, 720, 730 and 740 will cause the proper deflection of the tubes. Elongated slots extending perpendicular to the partition lanes would not cause the proper deflection of the tubes.
  • the use of an opening 371 may be the most appropriate aperture when more than one direction of displacement is contemplated.
  • the displaceable baffles 300 and 400 may be spaced along the length of the tube bundle 10 to reduce vibration. It is also contemplated that the displaceable baffles may be located only at those locations where vibration reduction is needed (e.g., at the end portions of the bundle). The present invention is not intended to be limited to the use of displaceable baffles 300 and 400 alone.
  • the displaceable baffles 300 and 400 may be used in connection with at least one fixed baffle 30 or 40, as shown in Figs. 13 and 14 , and at least one blocking baffle 60, as shown in Fig. 15 .
  • a fixed baffle 30 having slots is illustrated in Fig. 13 . While the fixed baffle 30 is illustrated with vertical slots, the present invention is not intended to be limited to baffles only having slots; rather, other configurations, as described above in connection with the displaceable baffle 300 are considered to be well within the realm of the present invention.
  • the fixed baffle 30 has a plurality of vertical slots 36 that provide support for the tubes 11 to reduce vibration.
  • a blocking region 34 is configured to redirect any bypass flow from between the outermost tubes 11 and the inside diameter of the shell 20 inwardly towards the tubes 11.
  • the vertical slots 36 receive the tubes 11 therein.
  • the baffle 30 includes a plurality of notches 32 and 33 formed therein. The notches 32 are sized to receive a tie bar 5 therein.
  • tie bars and skid bars are welded to the baffles before loading the tubes. In the case of the present invention, this would not be appropriate for the displaceable baffles. Instead, the tie bars and skid bars would be welded to the displaceable baffles after loading the tubes and after displacing the baffle portions.
  • the fixed baffles and blocking baffles can be welded to the tie bars and skid bars prior to the loading of the tube to provide sufficient rigidity to the bundle cage.
  • the present invention is not limited for use with tie bars; rather, the use of conventional tie rods 380, as shown in Fig. 11 , may be used.
  • tie rods 380 When tie rods 380 are utilized, the tie rods may be allowed to bend together with the tubes 11 when the displaceable baffles are displaced to the loaded portion.
  • the holes in the fixed baffles for the tie rods may be made slightly larger so that bending of the tie rods can be reduced during the displacement of the displaceable baffles.
  • the notches 33 are sized to receive the skid bar 6 therein.
  • the skid bar 6 is provided to ensure support during insertion of the tube bundle 10 into the shell 20.
  • the notches 32 and 33 ensure that the displaceable baffles 300, the fixed baffles 30 and 40 and the blocking baffles 60 (described below) are maintained in the proper orientation.
  • the tie bars 5, the skid bars 6 and the baffles 300, 30, 40 and 60 together form a rigid cage, which facilitates the insertion of the tubes 11 of the bundle 10.
  • the baffle 30 includes at least one partition lane blocking area 35 to redirect the flow of fluid within the shell of the heat exchanger 1 towards the tubes 11 of the tube bundle 10.
  • the slots 36 are arranged to correspond to the rows of the tubes 11 in the bundle 10.
  • a plurality of vertically extending ribs 37 are provided on the baffle 30. Each rib 37 extends vertically between the slots 36. Each rib 37 preferably has a thickness that is slightly smaller than the spacing between adjacent tubes 11 in the tube bundle 10.
  • a fixed baffle 40 having horizontal slots 46 that provide support for the tubes 11 in the bundle 10 to reduce vibration is illustrated in Fig. 14 .
  • the baffle 40 is configured to redirect the flow of fluid away from the gap between the outer tubes 11 of the tube bundle 10 and the inner surface of the shell 20 inwardly towards the tubes 11 in the bundle 10 away from the shell 20 and outwardly away from the partition lanes towards the tubes 11.
  • the baffle 40 has a blocking area 44.
  • the blocking area 44 has a similar construction of the blocking area 34.
  • the baffle 40 may also include at least one partition lane blocking area 45.
  • the baffle 40 includes a plurality of horizontal slots 46.
  • the slots 46 are located on opposing sides of the partition lane blocking area 35.
  • the slots 46 are sized to receive and support the tubes 11 of the tube bundle 10.
  • a plurality of horizontally extending ribs 47 are provided on the baffle 40. Each rib 47 extends between the slots 46.
  • a blocking baffle 60 may be utilized as is illustrated in Fig. 15 .
  • the blocking baffle 60 is configured to direct the flow of fluid inwardly towards the tubes 11 in the bundle 10 away from the shell 20 and outwardly away from the partition lane of the bundle.
  • Each baffle 60 includes a blocking area 64 and a partition lane blocking area 65. The blocking baffle 60 does not provide support to the tubes 11 in the bundle 10.
  • a rigid cage for the tube bundle 10 is constructed using the tie bars 5, skid bars 6, displaceable baffles 300 and 400 and the baffles 30, 40, and 60.
  • the rigid cage is formed by securing the tie bars 5 and skid bars 6 within the respective slots 32 and 33 in the baffles 30, 40, and 60.
  • the tie bars 5 and the skid bars 6 are preferably secured within the slots 32 and 33 by welding or other suitable attachment mechanism.
  • the displaceable baffles 300 and 400 should not be welded to the tie bars and skid bars until after the two portions are displaced and secured in the final position.
  • the displaceable baffles 300 and 400 and the fixed baffles 30 and 40 are spaced at a desired spacing.
  • the baffles may have an alternating pattern with fixed baffles be located adjacent displaceable baffles.
  • Vertically displaceable baffles are preferably located adjacent horizontally displaceable baffles.
  • At least one blocking baffle 60 may be located between the baffles, as shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the tubes 11 of the tube bundle 10 may be inserted into the cage.
  • the tubes 11 are loaded into the bundle 10 by inserting the tubes 11 through the openings in the baffles.
  • the portions of the displaceable baffles are moved into the installed position, as described above.
  • the portions are then secured in the installed position.
  • the tubesheets 13 and 14 may be secured to the ends of the bundle 10. This is accomplished by welding or otherwise securing the end of each tube 11 to a tubesheet. As discussed above, at least one of the tubesheets is stationary.
  • the ends of the tubes can be secured to a pair of tubesheets 13, one stationary tubesheet 13 and one floating tubesheet 14 or one stationary tubesheet 13 when the U-tubes are used such that both ends of the tubes are secured to the same tubesheet 13.
  • the assembled tube bundle 10 is inserted into the shell 20 by sliding the bundle 10 along skid bars 6 into the shell. Once the bundle 10 is properly oriented within the shell 20, the tubes sheets 13 are secured to the shell 20.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)

Claims (26)

  1. Rohrbündelvorrichtung, die
    ein Rohrbündel mit einer Vielzahl von Rohren, die in Rohrreihen parallel zueinander angeordnet sind; und
    mindestens eine bewegbare Tragprallplatte mit einer Vielzahl von darin gebildeten Löchern umfasst, wobei die Vielzahl von Löchern so bemessen ist, um mindestens eines der Rohre dadurch aufnehmen zu können,
    wobei jede bewegbare Tragprallplatte einen ersten Abschnitt und einen zweiten Abschnitt aufweist, wobei ein Teil der Vielzahl von Löchern auf dem ersten Abschnitt angeordnet ist und ein anderer Teil der Vielzahl von Löchern auf dem zweiten Abschnitt angeordnet ist,
    gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass mindestens der erste Abschnitt und der zweite Abschnitt eine erste Ladeposition aufweisen, um ein Positionieren der bewegbaren Tragprallplatte auf dem Rohrbündel zu erleichtern, und eine zweite installierte Position, um eine Auslenkung der Rohre herbeizuführen, die die Vielzahl der Löcher passieren, und
    durch mindestens einen Befestiger zum Sichern des ersten Abschnitts an dem zweiten Abschnitt in der zweiten installierten Position.
  2. Rohrbündelvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der der erste Abschnitt und der zweite Abschnitt in der zweiten installierten Position näher beieinander sind, verglichen mit der ersten Ladeposition.
  3. Rohrbündelvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der der erste Abschnitt und der zweite Abschnitt in der ersten Ladeposition näher beieinander sind, verglichen mit der zweiten installierten Position.
  4. Rohrbündelvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder Anspruch 3, bei der der mindestens eine Befestiger einer von einer Verschweißung, einer Klemme und einem lösbaren Befestiger ist.
  5. Rohrbündelvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, die ferner mindestens einen Einsatz umfasst, der zwischen dem ersten Abschnitt und dem zweiten Abschnitt positioniert ist, um den ersten Abschnitt und den zweiten Abschnitt in der zweiten installierten Position zu halten.
  6. Rohrbündelvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, die ferner mindestens eine fixierte Prallplatte mit einer Vielzahl von darin gebildeten Löchern umfasst, wobei jedes von der Vielzahl von Löchern so bemessen ist, um mindestens eines der Rohre dadurch aufnehmen zu können.
  7. Rohrbündelvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, die ferner ein Gehäuse umfasst, wobei das Rohrbündel in dem Gehäuse aufgenommen ist, wobei jede der fixierten Prallplatte einen äußeren Umfang und einen Blockierbereich aufweist, der zwischen dem äußeren Umfang und der Vielzahl von Löchern gebildet ist, wobei der Blockierbereich so bemessen ist, dass er innerhalb eines Spalts zwischen dem Gehäuse und äußeren Rohren des Rohrbündels angeordnet werden kann.
  8. Rohrbündelvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, bei der das Rohrbündel mindestens eine Teilungsgasse aufweist, die einen Teil der Rohre des Rohrbündels von einem anderen Teil der Rohre des Rohrbündels trennt, wobei jede fixierte Prallplatte einen oder mehrere darin gebildete(n) Teilungsgassenblockierbereich(e) aufweist, wobei jeder Teilungsgassenblockierbereich so bemessen ist, dass er innerhalb der entsprechenden Teilungsgasse des Rohrbündels aufgenommen werden kann.
  9. Rohrbündelvorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, bei der das Rohrbündel eine Längsachse aufweist, wobei die mindestens eine bewegbare Tragprallplatte und die mindestens eine fixierte Prallplatte entlang der Längsachse beabstandet sind.
  10. Rohrbündelvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, bei der jede bewegbare Tragprallplatte von einer benachbarten fixierten Prallplatte beabstandet ist.
  11. Rohrbündelvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der das Rohrbündel mindestens eine Teilungsgasse aufweist, die einen Teil der Rohre des Rohrbündels von einem anderen Teil der Rohre des Rohrbündels trennt, wobei jede bewegbare Tragprallplatte einen oder mehrere darin gebildete(n) Teilungsgassenblockierbereich(e) aufweist, wobei jeder Teilungsgassenblockierbereich so bemessen ist, dass er innerhalb der entsprechenden Teilungsgasse des Rohrbündels aufgenommen werden kann, wobei der Teilungsgassenblockierbereich einen ersten Teil auf dem ersten Abschnitt und einen zweiten Teil auf dem zweiten Abschnitt aufweist.
  12. Rohrbündelvorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, bei der die Vielzahl von Löchern eine Vielzahl von beabstandeten Schlitzen ist.
  13. Rohrbündelvorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, bei der sich die Vielzahl von Schlitzen allgemein parallel zu dem Teilungsgassenblockierbereich erstreckt.
  14. Rohrbündelvorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, bei der jede bewegbare Tragprallplatte ferner eine Vielzahl von Trägerrippen umfasst, wobei sich jede Trägerrippe im Wesentlichen parallel zu der Vielzahl von Schlitzen erstreckt.
  15. Rohrbündelvorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, bei der jede bewegbare Tragprallplatte ferner mindestens eine Verstärkungsrippe umfasst, die sich in einer Richtung im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu den Trägerrippen und den Schlitzen erstreckt, wobei jede Rippe mindestens eine Rippe und mindestens einen Schlitz kreuzt.
  16. Bewegbare Tragprallplatte zur Verwendung zum Tragen einer Vielzahl von Rohren in einem Rohrbündel, welche
    eine erste Platte mit einer Vielzahl von darin gebildeten Löchern, wobei jedes Loch ausgestaltet ist, um eines von der Vielzahl von Rohren dadurch aufzunehmen;
    eine zweite Platte mit einer Vielzahl von darin gebildeten Löchern umfasst, wobei jedes Loch ausgestaltet ist, um eines von der Vielzahl von Rohren dadurch aufzunehmen;
    wobei jede von der ersten Platte und der zweiten Platte einen äußeren Umfang und einen Blockierbereich aufweisen, der zwischen dem äußeren Umfang und der Vielzahl von Löchern gebildet ist;
    gekennzeichnet durch eine erste Befestigungsanordnung zum Sichern der ersten Platte an der zweiten Platte in einer ersten Ladeposition, um das Einsetzen der Vielzahl von Rohren durch die Vielzahl von Löchern hindurch zu ermöglichen; und
    eine zweite Befestigungsanordnung zum Sichern der ersten Platte an der zweiten Platte in einer zweiten installierten Position, um eine Auslenkung der Rohre herbeizuführen, die die Vielzahl von Löchern passieren.
  17. Bewegbare Tragprallplatte nach Anspruch 16, bei der jede von der ersten Platte und der zweiten Platte einen oder mehrere Teilungsgassenblockierbereich(e) aufweist, wobei der Teilungsgassenblockierbereich so bemessen ist, um in einer Teilungsgasse in einem Rohrbündel angeordnet zu werden, wobei der Teilungsgassenblockierbereich auf der ersten Platte benachbart zu dem Teilungsgassenblockierbereich auf der zweiten Platte positioniert ist.
  18. Bewegbare Tragprallplatte nach Anspruch 17, wobei die erste Befestigungsanordnung auf dem Teilungsgassenblockierbereich der ersten Platte und der zweiten Platte angeordnet ist.
  19. Bewegbare Tragprallplatte nach Anspruch 17, wobei die zweite Befestigungsanordnung auf dem Teilungsgassenblockierbereich der ersten Platte und der zweiten Platte angeordnet ist.
  20. Bewegbare Tragprallplatte nach Anspruch 17, bei der die Vielzahl von Löchern eine Vielzahl von parallelen Schlitzen ist, wobei jeder Schlitz so bemessen ist, dass mindestens ein Rohr darin angeordnet sein kann.
  21. Bewegbare Tragprallplatte nach Anspruch 20, bei der sich die Vielzahl von Schlitzen allgemein parallel zu dem Teilungsgassenblockierbereich erstreckt.
  22. Bewegbare Tragprallplatte nach Anspruch 20, bei der sich die Vielzahl von Schlitzen allgemein senkrecht zu dem Teilungsgassenblockierbereich erstreckt.
  23. Verfahren zum Tragen eines Rohrbündels mit einer Vielzahl von Rohren, die parallel zueinander in Rohrreihen angeordnet sind, und wobei sich die Längsachse in eine Richtung erstreckt, die allgemein parallel zu der Vielzahl von Rohren ist, bei dem
    mindestens eine bewegbare Tragprallplatte auf dem Rohrbündel entlang der Längsachse angeordnet wird, wobei jede bewegbare Tragprallplatte eine Vielzahl von darin gebildeten Löchern aufweist, wobei jedes von der Vielzahl von Löchern so bemessen ist, dass es mindestens eines der Rohre dadurch aufnehmen kann, wobei jede bewegbare Tragprallplatte einen ersten Abschnitt und einen zweiten Abschnitt aufweist, wobei ein Teil der Vielzahl von Löchern auf dem ersten Abschnitt und ein anderer Teil der Vielzahl von Löchern auf dem zweiten Abschnitt angeordnet ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Abschnitt in Bezug auf den zweiten Abschnitt in eine installierte Position bewegt wird, die die Auslenkung der Rohre herbeiführt, die die Vielzahl von Löchern passieren, und
    der erste Abschnitt an dem zweiten Abschnitt gesichert wird, so dass der erste Abschnitt und der zweite Abschnitt in der installierten Position gehalten werden.
  24. Verfahren nach Anspruch 23, bei dem das Bewegen des ersten Abschnitts in Bezug auf den zweiten Abschnitt das Einsetzen eines Einsatzes zwischen dem ersten Abschnitt und dem zweiten Abschnitt umfasst.
  25. Verfahren nach Anspruch 23, bei dem ferner mindestens eine fixierte Prallplatte auf dem Rohrbündel entlang der Längsachse angeordnet wird, wobei jede von der mindestens einen fixierten Prallplatte eine Vielzahl von darin gebildeten Löchern aufweist, wobei jedes von der Vielzahl von Löchern so bemessen ist, dass mindestens eines der Rohre dadurch aufgenommen werden kann.
  26. Verfahren nach Anspruch 25, bei dem jede fixierte Prallplatte von einer benachbarten bewegbaren Tragprallplatte beabstandet ist.
EP09760648.7A 2008-11-12 2009-11-12 Bewegbares umleitungsblech für einen wärmetauscher und verfahren zur minderung der schwingungen des wärmetauschers Not-in-force EP2364425B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/269,193 US20100116478A1 (en) 2008-11-12 2008-11-12 Displaceable baffle for a heat exchanger and method for reducing vibration for the same
PCT/US2009/006093 WO2010056335A1 (en) 2008-11-12 2009-11-12 Displaceable baffle for a heat exchanger and method for reducing vibration of the same

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP2364425A1 EP2364425A1 (de) 2011-09-14
EP2364425B1 true EP2364425B1 (de) 2017-09-13

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JP (1) JP2012508859A (de)
CN (1) CN102209874B (de)
CA (1) CA2743208C (de)
MY (1) MY157565A (de)
WO (1) WO2010056335A1 (de)

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Publication number Publication date
CN102209874B (zh) 2014-08-13
CN102209874A (zh) 2011-10-05
CA2743208C (en) 2016-10-18
MY157565A (en) 2016-06-30
JP2012508859A (ja) 2012-04-12
WO2010056335A1 (en) 2010-05-20
CA2743208A1 (en) 2010-05-20
US20100116478A1 (en) 2010-05-13
EP2364425A1 (de) 2011-09-14

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