EP2363763A2 - Timepiece including a high-frequency mechanical movement - Google Patents

Timepiece including a high-frequency mechanical movement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2363763A2
EP2363763A2 EP11153258A EP11153258A EP2363763A2 EP 2363763 A2 EP2363763 A2 EP 2363763A2 EP 11153258 A EP11153258 A EP 11153258A EP 11153258 A EP11153258 A EP 11153258A EP 2363763 A2 EP2363763 A2 EP 2363763A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
timepiece
wheel
exhaust system
frame
seconds
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11153258A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2363763A3 (en
Inventor
Alain Zaugg
Jean-Philippe Rochat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Montres Breguet SA
Original Assignee
Montres Breguet SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Montres Breguet SA filed Critical Montres Breguet SA
Priority to EP11153258A priority Critical patent/EP2363763A3/en
Publication of EP2363763A2 publication Critical patent/EP2363763A2/en
Publication of EP2363763A3 publication Critical patent/EP2363763A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G04B15/08—Lever escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/021—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft
    • G04B13/022—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft with parts made of hard material, e.g. silicon, diamond, sapphire, quartz and the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/027—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots planar toothing: shape and design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F7/00—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means
    • G04F7/04—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means using a mechanical oscillator
    • G04F7/08—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph
    • G04F7/0866—Special arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a timepiece whose chronometric performances are improved and, more specifically, whose mechanical movement is capable of operating at 72,000 vibrations per hour, that is to say at a frequency of 10 Hz.
  • the document EP 2,075,651 proposes to perform a movement at more than 5 Hz by respecting a ratio between the number of teeth of the escape wheel and the frequency equal to 5.
  • the document thus discloses the necessity, for a movement at 10 Hz, to use a exhaust wheel with fifty teeth while maintaining the same diameter.
  • the manufacture of fifty teeth with the same diameter is a great constraint that makes it difficult to implement and focus with conventional wheels.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages mentioned above by proposing a timepiece whose exhaust system allows the frequency increase oscillation of the balance by modifying a limited number of parts of the movement and, thus, the chronometric performances of the movement.
  • the invention relates to a timepiece comprising a movement comprising a resonator of the balance-spring type and an escapement system of the Swiss wheel-anchor type, characterized in that the balance oscillates more than 36 '. 000 vibrations per hour and in that the exhaust system is at least partially perforated to reduce its inertia and has an escape wheel less than 25 teeth.
  • a timepiece generally annotated 1. It comprises a housing 3 having a middle 2 closed by a bottom (not shown) and an ice 4 and which is intended to receive a mechanical movement 5 between said bottom and the dial 6 of the timepiece 1. As visible in the figure 1 , the timepiece 1 has several complications.
  • the watch movement 5 is capable of displaying the current time (hour, minute, small second located at 9 o'clock making a turn in 30 seconds and a telltale indicating whether the small second is between 0 and 30 seconds or between 30 and 60 seconds, located at 12 o'clock) but also a date (at 6 o'clock), a time zone (time at 6 o'clock), a 24-hour display of the current time (at 3 o'clock) and a chronograph (Central second realizing the turn of the dial 6 in 30 seconds, central minute realizing the turn of the dial 6 in 60 minutes).
  • the seconds of the chronograph and the current time are displayed by performing a revolution of the dial in 30 seconds to offer in particular a measuring accuracy of the chronograph of a tenth of a second. This precision is made possible thanks to the high frequency of the watch movement 5.
  • the watch movement 5 is capable of withstanding a frequency greater than 5 Hz and, in particular, a frequency of 10 Hz.
  • the movement 5 comprises a system of 7 exhaust whose inertia is attenuated by reducing its mass.
  • the movement 5 comprises a resonator 9 of the balance type 8 - spiral 10 and an exhaust system 7 of the type wheel 11 - Swiss anchor 13.
  • the balance 8 is of variable inertia type, that is to say that the four flyweights 40 visible at the periphery of its serge can be individually displaced to adapt its inertia and finally adjust the movement 5
  • the pendulum 8 may, for example, be made of copper-beryllium alloy.
  • the hairspring 10 is preferably one-piece with its ferrule 41 which is fitted on the balance shaft 12.
  • the outer coil 42 of the spiral 10 is punctured on a fixed part of the movement 5 as, for example, a bridge.
  • the inner coil 43 of the spiral 10 has a Grossmann type curve to compensate for the use of the ferrule 41.
  • the spiral 10 may, for example, be formed from monocrystalline silicon and coated with silicon dioxide.
  • the resonator 9 cooperates with the exhaust system 7 by means of a plate mounted on the balance shaft 12.
  • the exhaust system 7, better visible at the Figures 4 to 6 has a Swiss anchor 13 formed by a main face (visible to the figure 6 ) in projection.
  • the Swiss anchor 13 is mainly formed by a rod 14 connecting the fork 15 and the arms 16, 17.
  • the fork 15 comprises two horns 18, 19 opposite one under which is mounted a dart 20 so to cooperate respectively with a pin fixed on said plate of the balance shaft 12 and the lower part of said plate.
  • the rod 14 receives, between the two arms 16, 17, a rod 21 intended to rotate the anchor 13 between a bridge and the plate of the movement 5. Finally, on each arm 16, 17, is fitted a pallet 22, 23 to come into contact with the escape wheel 11.
  • the pallets 22, 23 may, by way of example, be formed in synthetic ruby.
  • the rod 14 and the arms 16, 17 are perforated to reduce the inertia of the exhaust system 7.
  • the opening of said main face projection (visible at the figure 6 ) makes it possible to obtain a mass per unit area of less than 1 mg.mm -2 and, depending on the material used, a weight per unit area decreased to 0.18 mg.mm -2 .
  • the anchor 13 may, for example, be formed from monocrystalline silicon and coated with silicon dioxide.
  • the inertia of the unsupported anchor 13 can go down to 0.75 mg.mm 2 and up to to 2.85 mg.mm 2 when the anchor 13 is fully equipped, that is to say in particular with pallets 22, 23 in ruby.
  • DLC crystalline diamond-shaped carbon
  • the opening of the rod 14 and the arms 16, 17 form, preferably, a structure of the honeycomb type in order to maintain the mechanical strength of the anchor 13 while significantly decreasing its mass.
  • the exhaust system 7 further comprises an escape wheel 11 also formed by a main face (visible at the figure 5 ) in projection.
  • the wheel 11 is formed in a board 25 on which is a pinion 27 via an axis 24, the axis 24 and the pinion 27 can be shaped.
  • the pinion 27 has 8 symmetrical wings 44 which widen as they approach the board 25 to facilitate the driving of the pinion 27 in the wheel 11.
  • the pinion 27 and the axis 24 can, for example, be formed by a metal or a metal alloy such as steel.
  • the board 25 has a hub 26 connected by five arms 28 to the serge 29 which comprises twenty pulse teeth 30.
  • the number of arms 28 and / or teeth 30 may vary, however, advantageously according to the invention, the watch movement 5 can perfectly function at high frequency, that is to say for example at 10 Hz, with a twenty-tooth exhaust wheel 30.
  • the serge 29 and / or the teeth 30 are pierced in order to reduce the inertia of the exhaust system 7.
  • the opening of said main face in projection (visible at the figure 5 ) makes it possible to obtain a mass per unit area of less than 0.7 mg.mm -2 and, depending on the material used, a weight per unit area decreased to 0.16 mg.mm -2 .
  • the board 25 may, for example, be formed from monocrystalline silicon and coated with silicon dioxide.
  • the inertia of the escape wheel 11 can go down to 1.59 mg.mm 2 .
  • DLC crystalline diamond-shaped carbon
  • the recess 31 of the teeth 30 is substantially of triangular shape in the example illustrated in FIG. figure 5 however, a different form of recess is of course possible.
  • the serge 29 is perforated by spaces 32 between the teeth 30 which are amplified to form an acute angle ⁇ .
  • the serge 29 comprises, from each tooth 30 to the hub 26, recesses 33 in the form of a quadrilateral and, between each recess 33, openings 34 substantially triangular.
  • the frame 35 supporting each tooth 30 is thus triangular in shape, the base 36 being formed by the inner diameter of the serge 29 and connecting by two sides 37, 38 substantially rectilinear associated tooth 30.
  • each frame 35 therefore comprises a recess 33 and two cut-outs 34.
  • each frame 35 is interwoven with the other two adjacent frames 35.
  • each frame 35 has its side 37 intersecting with the side 38 of the previous frame and its side 38 intersecting with the side 37 of the next frame.
  • the side 38 of the previous frame joins the side 37 of the frame substantially at the middle of the base 36 of the frame 35.
  • the watch movement 5 thanks to the adaptation described above of its exhaust system 7 is capable of withstanding a frequency greater than 5 Hz and, in particular, a frequency of 10 Hz.
  • each of the days 31, 32, 33, 34 made in the plate 25 or on the anchor 13 can be of shape different and / or distributed differently and / or not through and / or unformed depending on the applications.
  • the elementary surface of at least one element is projected to a non-identical thickness, that is to say that, for example, the board 25, each arm 16 , 17 or the rod 14 has a variable thickness or not identical to the others.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

The timepiece has a mechanical movement (5) with a resonator (9) that is provided with a hairspring (10) and a balance (8) e.g. variable inertia type balance. An exhaust system (7) is parallely pierced to reduce inertia, where the exhaust system comprises an exhaust wheel (11) with 25 teeth. The wheel of the exhaust system is pierced at the level of wheel tooth. The wheel is formed from mono crystalline silicon coated with silicon dioxide. The resonator cooperates with the exhaust system using a plate mounted on a staff balance (12).

Description

Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention

L'invention se rapporte à une pièce d'horlogerie dont les performances chronométriques sont améliorées et, plus précisément, dont le mouvement mécanique est capable de fonctionner à 72'000 alternances par heure, c'est-à-dire à une fréquence de 10 Hz.The invention relates to a timepiece whose chronometric performances are improved and, more specifically, whose mechanical movement is capable of operating at 72,000 vibrations per hour, that is to say at a frequency of 10 Hz.

Arrière plan de l'inventionBackground of the invention

Il est connu de fabriquer des mouvements fonctionnant à 5 Hz afin d'améliorer la précision de pièces d'horlogerie. Cependant, il devient très délicat de développer un mécanisme capable d'osciller au-delà de cette fréquence en raison des vitesses de balancier engendrées et des modifications profondes à prévoir.It is known to manufacture movements operating at 5 Hz to improve the accuracy of timepieces. However, it becomes very difficult to develop a mechanism capable of oscillating beyond this frequency because of the rock speeds generated and the profound changes to be expected.

Le document EP 2 075 651 propose de réaliser un mouvement à plus de 5 Hz en respectant un rapport entre le nombre de dents de la roue d'échappement et la fréquence égale à 5. Le document divulgue ainsi la nécessité, pour un mouvement à 10 Hz, d'utiliser une roue d'échappement à cinquante dents tout en conservant le même diamètre. La fabrication de cinquante dents avec un même diamètre représente une grande contrainte qui rend difficile sa mise en oeuvre et sa mise au point avec des rouages classiques.The document EP 2,075,651 proposes to perform a movement at more than 5 Hz by respecting a ratio between the number of teeth of the escape wheel and the frequency equal to 5. The document thus discloses the necessity, for a movement at 10 Hz, to use a exhaust wheel with fifty teeth while maintaining the same diameter. The manufacture of fifty teeth with the same diameter is a great constraint that makes it difficult to implement and focus with conventional wheels.

Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention

Le but de la présente invention est de pallier tout ou partie les inconvénients cités précédemment en proposant une pièce d'horlogerie dont le système d'échappement autorise l'augmentation de fréquence d'oscillation du balancier en modifiant un nombre limité de pièces du mouvement et, ainsi, les performances chronométriques du mouvement.The object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages mentioned above by proposing a timepiece whose exhaust system allows the frequency increase oscillation of the balance by modifying a limited number of parts of the movement and, thus, the chronometric performances of the movement.

A cet effet, l'invention se rapporte à une pièce d'horlogerie comportant un mouvement comprenant un résonateur du type balancier - spiral et un système d'échappement du type roue - ancre suisse caractérisée en ce que le balancier oscille à plus de 36'000 alternances par heure et en ce que le système d'échappement est au moins partiellement ajouré afin de diminuer son inertie et comporte une roue d'échappement à moins de 25 dents.For this purpose, the invention relates to a timepiece comprising a movement comprising a resonator of the balance-spring type and an escapement system of the Swiss wheel-anchor type, characterized in that the balance oscillates more than 36 '. 000 vibrations per hour and in that the exhaust system is at least partially perforated to reduce its inertia and has an escape wheel less than 25 teeth.

Ainsi, en diminuant l'inertie du système d'échappement, il est possible de garder une architecture de mouvement « classique », c'est-à-dire, par exemple, une roue d'échappement à 20 dents et/ou un nombre de mobiles habituel même lorsque le balancier oscille à 72'000 alternances par heure.Thus, by reducing the inertia of the exhaust system, it is possible to maintain a "classic" movement architecture, that is to say, for example, a 20-tooth escapement wheel and / or a number usual mobile even when the pendulum oscillates at 72'000 vibrations per hour.

Conformément à d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention :

  • le balancier oscille à 72'000 alternances par heure ;
  • la roue du système d'échappement comporte une face principale en projection dont la masse surfacique est inférieure à 0,7 mg.mm-2 ;
  • la roue est ajourée au niveau de sa denture et/ou au niveau de sa serge ;
  • la roue ajourée forme des cadres supportant chacun une dent et sensiblement en forme de triangle, la base étant formée par le diamètre intérieur de la serge et reliant, par deux côtés, la dent associée ;
  • chaque cadre est imbriqué avec les deux autres cadres adjacents ;
  • chaque cadre comporte un premier de ses deux côtés sécant avec le deuxième côté du cadre précédent et son deuxième côté sécant avec le premier côté du cadre suivant ;
  • le deuxième côté du cadre précédent rejoint le premier côté du cadre suivant sensiblement au niveau du milieu de la base du cadre ;
  • chaque cadre entoure un évidement sensiblement en forme de quadrilatère et deux ajourages sensiblement en forme de triangle ;
  • la roue du système d'échappement comporte vingt dents ;
  • la roue est formée à partir de silicium monocristallin revêtu de dioxyde de silicium ;
  • l'ancre suisse du système d'échappement comporte une face principale en projection dont la masse surfacique est inférieure à 1 mg.mm-2 ;
  • l'ancre est ajourée en formant une structure du type en nid d'abeille afin de conserver sa résistance mécanique ;
  • les palettes de l'ancre sont formées en rubis ;
  • l'ancre est formée à partir de silicium monocristallin revêtu de dioxyde de silicium ;
  • au moins une partie du système d'échappement comporte un revêtement extérieur afin de modifier sa tribologie et/ou ses caractéristiques mécaniques ;
  • le balancier est du type à inertie variable ;
  • la roue des secondes du mouvement est montée à rotation complète en 30 secondes afin de simplifier le rouage de finissage dudit mouvement ;
  • la pièce d'horlogerie comporte un témoin indiquant si la roue des secondes se trouve entre 0 et 30 secondes ou entre 30 et 60 secondes.
According to other advantageous features of the invention:
  • the balance oscillates at 72,000 vibrations per hour;
  • the exhaust system wheel has a main projection face whose mass per unit area is less than 0.7 mg.mm -2 ;
  • the wheel is perforated at the level of its teeth and / or at the level of its serge;
  • the perforated wheel forms frames each supporting a tooth and substantially in the form of a triangle, the base being formed by the inner diameter of the serge and connecting, on two sides, the associated tooth;
  • each frame is nested with the other two adjacent frames;
  • each frame has a first of its two sides secant with the second side of the previous frame and its second secant side with the first side of the next frame;
  • the second side of the previous frame joins the first side of the next frame substantially at the middle of the base of the frame;
  • each frame surrounds a substantially quadrilateral-shaped recess and two substantially triangular-shaped cutouts;
  • the exhaust system wheel has twenty teeth;
  • the wheel is formed from monocrystalline silicon coated with silicon dioxide;
  • the Swiss anchor of the exhaust system has a main projection face whose mass per unit area is less than 1 mg.mm -2 ;
  • the anchor is perforated forming a structure of the honeycomb type to maintain its mechanical strength;
  • the pallets of the anchor are formed in rubies;
  • the anchor is formed from monocrystalline silicon coated with silicon dioxide;
  • at least a portion of the exhaust system has an outer coating to modify its tribology and / or its mechanical characteristics;
  • the pendulum is of the type with variable inertia;
  • the seconds wheel of the movement is mounted to complete rotation in 30 seconds to simplify the finishing gear of said movement;
  • the timepiece has an indicator indicating whether the seconds wheel is between 0 and 30 seconds or between 30 and 60 seconds.

Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres particularités et avantages ressortiront clairement de la description qui en est faite ci-après, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue de face d'une pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un résonateur et d'un système d'échappement selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue de dessus de la figure 2 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en perspective d'un système d'échappement selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de dessus d'une roue d'échappement selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue de dessus d'une ancre suisse selon l'invention ;
Other particularities and advantages will emerge clearly from the description which is given hereinafter, by way of indication and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a front view of a timepiece according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view of a resonator and an exhaust system according to the invention;
  • the figure 3 is a top view of the figure 2 ;
  • the figure 4 is a perspective view of an exhaust system according to the invention;
  • the figure 5 is a top view of an escape wheel according to the invention;
  • the figure 6 is a top view of a Swiss anchor according to the invention;

Description détaillée des modes de réalisation préférésDetailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

Comme illustré à la figure 1, on peut voir une pièce d'horlogerie généralement annotée 1. Elle comporte un boîtier 3 comportant une carrure 2 fermée par un fond (non représenté) et une glace 4 et qui est destiné à recevoir un mouvement mécanique 5 entre ledit fond et le cadran 6 de la pièce d'horlogerie 1. Comme visible à la figure 1, la pièce d'horlogerie 1 comporte plusieurs complications.As illustrated in figure 1 , it can be seen a timepiece generally annotated 1. It comprises a housing 3 having a middle 2 closed by a bottom (not shown) and an ice 4 and which is intended to receive a mechanical movement 5 between said bottom and the dial 6 of the timepiece 1. As visible in the figure 1 , the timepiece 1 has several complications.

Ainsi, le mouvement horloger 5 est capable d'afficher l'heure courante (heure, minute, petite seconde située à 9 heures réalisant un tour en 30 secondes et un témoin, indiquant si la petite seconde se trouve entre 0 et 30 secondes ou entre 30 et 60 secondes, situé à 12 heures) mais également un quantième (situé à 6 heures), un fuseau horaire (heure située à 6 heures), un affichage 24 heures de l'heure courante (situé à 3 heures) et un chronographe (seconde centrale réalisant le tour du cadran 6 en 30 secondes, minute centrale réalisant le tour du cadran 6 en 60 minutes).Thus, the watch movement 5 is capable of displaying the current time (hour, minute, small second located at 9 o'clock making a turn in 30 seconds and a telltale indicating whether the small second is between 0 and 30 seconds or between 30 and 60 seconds, located at 12 o'clock) but also a date (at 6 o'clock), a time zone (time at 6 o'clock), a 24-hour display of the current time (at 3 o'clock) and a chronograph (Central second realizing the turn of the dial 6 in 30 seconds, central minute realizing the turn of the dial 6 in 60 minutes).

De manière avantageuse, les secondes du chronographe et de l'heure courante sont affichées en réalisant un tour du cadran en 30 secondes afin d'offrir notamment une précision de mesure du chronographe d'un dixième de seconde. Cette précision est rendue possible grâce à la haute fréquence du mouvement horloger 5.Advantageously, the seconds of the chronograph and the current time are displayed by performing a revolution of the dial in 30 seconds to offer in particular a measuring accuracy of the chronograph of a tenth of a second. This precision is made possible thanks to the high frequency of the watch movement 5.

De plus, un tel affichage des secondes, c'est-à-dire une rotation complète de la roue des secondes du mouvement 5 réalisée en 30 secondes, permet également de simplifier le rouage de finissage. En effet, le rapport entre la roue des secondes et la roue d'échappement est ainsi divisée par deux ce qui évite l'ajout d'un mobile supplémentaire.In addition, such a display of seconds, that is to say a complete rotation of the seconds wheel of the movement 5 made in 30 seconds, also simplifies the work train. Indeed, the ratio between the seconds wheel and the escape wheel is thus divided by two, which avoids the addition of an additional mobile.

Avantageusement selon l'invention, le mouvement horloger 5 est capable de supporter une fréquence supérieure à 5 Hz et, notamment, une fréquence de 10 Hz. Pour parvenir à ce résultat, préférentiellement selon l'invention, le mouvement 5 comporte un système d'échappement 7 dont l'inertie est atténuée par diminution de sa masse.Advantageously according to the invention, the watch movement 5 is capable of withstanding a frequency greater than 5 Hz and, in particular, a frequency of 10 Hz. To achieve this result, preferably according to the invention, the movement 5 comprises a system of 7 exhaust whose inertia is attenuated by reducing its mass.

Dans l'exemple illustré aux figures 2 et 3, on peut voir que le mouvement 5 comporte un résonateur 9 du type balancier 8 - spiral 10 et un système d'échappement 7 du type roue 11 - ancre suisse 13. A ces mêmes figures 2 et 3, on peut voir que le balancier 8 est du type à inertie variable, c'est-à-dire que les quatre masselottes 40 visibles à la périphérie de sa serge peuvent être individuellement déplacées pour adapter son inertie et, finalement, régler le mouvement 5. Le balancier 8 peut, à titre d'exemple, être réalisé en alliage Cuivre-Béryllium.In the example shown in Figures 2 and 3 , it can be seen that the movement 5 comprises a resonator 9 of the balance type 8 - spiral 10 and an exhaust system 7 of the type wheel 11 - Swiss anchor 13. To these same Figures 2 and 3 it can be seen that the balance 8 is of variable inertia type, that is to say that the four flyweights 40 visible at the periphery of its serge can be individually displaced to adapt its inertia and finally adjust the movement 5 The pendulum 8 may, for example, be made of copper-beryllium alloy.

Le spiral 10 est, de manière préférée, monobloc avec sa virole 41 laquelle est ajustée sur l'axe de balancier 12. Dans l'exemple illustré aux figures 2 et 3, la spire externe 42 du spiral 10 est pitonnée sur une pièce fixe du mouvement 5 comme, par exemple, à un pont. Comme visible à la figure 3, la spire interne 43 du spiral 10 comporte une courbe du type Grossmann afin de compenser l'utilisation de la virole 41. Le spiral 10 peut, à titre d'exemple, être formé à partir de silicium monocristallin et revêtu de dioxyde de silicium.The hairspring 10 is preferably one-piece with its ferrule 41 which is fitted on the balance shaft 12. In the example illustrated in FIGS. Figures 2 and 3 , the outer coil 42 of the spiral 10 is punctured on a fixed part of the movement 5 as, for example, a bridge. As visible at figure 3 , the inner coil 43 of the spiral 10 has a Grossmann type curve to compensate for the use of the ferrule 41. The spiral 10 may, for example, be formed from monocrystalline silicon and coated with silicon dioxide.

De manière habituelle, le résonateur 9 coopère avec le système d'échappement 7 à l'aide d'un plateau monté sur l'axe de balancier 12. Le système d'échappement 7, mieux visible aux figures 4 à 6, comporte une ancre suisse 13 formée par une face principale (visible à la figure 6) en projection. L'ancre suisse 13 est principalement formée par une baguette 14 reliant la fourchette 15 et les bras 16, 17. La fourchette 15 comporte deux cornes 18, 19 en vis-à-vis sous lesquelles est monté un dard 20 afin de coopérer respectivement avec une goupille fixée sur ledit plateau de l'axe de balancier 12 et la partie basse dudit plateau.In the usual way, the resonator 9 cooperates with the exhaust system 7 by means of a plate mounted on the balance shaft 12. The exhaust system 7, better visible at the Figures 4 to 6 , has a Swiss anchor 13 formed by a main face (visible to the figure 6 ) in projection. The Swiss anchor 13 is mainly formed by a rod 14 connecting the fork 15 and the arms 16, 17. The fork 15 comprises two horns 18, 19 opposite one under which is mounted a dart 20 so to cooperate respectively with a pin fixed on said plate of the balance shaft 12 and the lower part of said plate.

La baguette 14 reçoit, entre les deux bras 16, 17, une tige 21 destinée à monter à rotation l'ancre 13 entre un pont et la platine du mouvement 5. Enfin, sur chaque bras 16, 17, est ajustée une palette 22, 23 destinée à entrer en contact avec la roue d'échappement 11. Les palettes 22, 23 peuvent, à titre d'exemple, être formées en rubis synthétique.The rod 14 receives, between the two arms 16, 17, a rod 21 intended to rotate the anchor 13 between a bridge and the plate of the movement 5. Finally, on each arm 16, 17, is fitted a pallet 22, 23 to come into contact with the escape wheel 11. The pallets 22, 23 may, by way of example, be formed in synthetic ruby.

Préférentiellement selon l'invention, la baguette 14 et les bras 16, 17 sont ajourés afin de diminuer l'inertie du système d'échappement 7. De manière préférée, l'ajourage de ladite face principale en projection (visible à la figure 6) permet d'obtenir une masse surfacique inférieure à 1 mg.mm-2 et, suivant le matériau utilisé, une masse surfacique diminuée jusqu'à 0,18 mg.mm-2. Pour atteindre cette dernière valeur, l'ancre 13 peut, à titre d'exemple, être formée à partir de silicium monocristallin et revêtue de dioxyde de silicium.Preferably according to the invention, the rod 14 and the arms 16, 17 are perforated to reduce the inertia of the exhaust system 7. Preferably, the opening of said main face projection (visible at the figure 6 ) makes it possible to obtain a mass per unit area of less than 1 mg.mm -2 and, depending on the material used, a weight per unit area decreased to 0.18 mg.mm -2 . To reach this last value, the anchor 13 may, for example, be formed from monocrystalline silicon and coated with silicon dioxide.

On comprend que, pour une épaisseur des bras 16, 17 et/ou de la baguette de 0,1 mm en silicium, l'inertie de l'ancre 13 non équipée peut descendre jusqu'à 0,75 mg.mm2 et jusqu'à 2,85 mg.mm2 quand l'ancre 13 est entièrement équipée, c'est-à-dire notamment avec des palettes 22, 23 en rubis.It is understood that, for a thickness of the arms 16, 17 and / or the rod of 0.1 mm in silicon, the inertia of the unsupported anchor 13 can go down to 0.75 mg.mm 2 and up to to 2.85 mg.mm 2 when the anchor 13 is fully equipped, that is to say in particular with pallets 22, 23 in ruby.

Il peut également être envisagé un revêtement supplémentaire comme du carbone cristallisé sous forme diamant (DLC) au moins au niveau de la fourchette 15 afin de modifier sa tribologie et/ou ses caractéristiques mécaniques.It is also possible to envisage an additional coating such as crystalline diamond-shaped carbon (DLC) at least at the level of the fork 15 in order to modify its tribology and / or its mechanical characteristics.

Enfin, dans l'exemple illustré aux figures 4 et 6, l'ajourage de la baguette 14 et des bras 16, 17 forme, de manière préférée, une structure du type en nid d'abeille afin de conserver la résistance mécanique de l'ancre 13 tout en diminuant très sensiblement sa masse.Finally, in the example shown in figures 4 and 6 , the opening of the rod 14 and the arms 16, 17 form, preferably, a structure of the honeycomb type in order to maintain the mechanical strength of the anchor 13 while significantly decreasing its mass.

Le système d'échappement 7 comporte, en outre, une roue d'échappement 11 également formée par une face principale (visible à la figure 5) en projection. La roue 11 est formée dans une planche 25 sur laquelle est rapportée un pignon 27 par l'intermédiaire d'un axe 24, l'axe 24 et le pignon 27 pouvant être venus de forme. Comme illustré aux figures 4 et 5, le pignon 27 comporte 8 ailes 44 symétriques qui s'évasent au fur et à mesure qu'elles se rapprochent de la planche 25 afin de faciliter le chassage du pignon 27 dans la roue 11. Le pignon 27 et l'axe 24 peuvent, à titre d'exemple, être formés par un métal ou un alliage métallique comme de l'acier.The exhaust system 7 further comprises an escape wheel 11 also formed by a main face (visible at the figure 5 ) in projection. The wheel 11 is formed in a board 25 on which is a pinion 27 via an axis 24, the axis 24 and the pinion 27 can be shaped. As illustrated in figures 4 and 5 the pinion 27 has 8 symmetrical wings 44 which widen as they approach the board 25 to facilitate the driving of the pinion 27 in the wheel 11. The pinion 27 and the axis 24 can, for example, be formed by a metal or a metal alloy such as steel.

La planche 25 comporte un moyeu 26 relié par cinq bras 28 à la serge 29 qui comprend vingt dents d'impulsion 30. Bien entendu, le nombre de bras 28 et/ou de dents 30 peut varier, cependant, avantageusement selon l'invention, le mouvement horloger 5 peut parfaitement fonctionner à haute fréquence, c'est-à-dire par exemple à 10 Hz, avec une roue d'échappement à vingt dents 30.The board 25 has a hub 26 connected by five arms 28 to the serge 29 which comprises twenty pulse teeth 30. Of course, the number of arms 28 and / or teeth 30 may vary, however, advantageously according to the invention, the watch movement 5 can perfectly function at high frequency, that is to say for example at 10 Hz, with a twenty-tooth exhaust wheel 30.

Selon l'invention, la serge 29 et/ou les dents 30 sont ajourées afin de diminuer l'inertie du système d'échappement 7. De manière préférée, l'ajourage de ladite face principale en projection (visible à la figure 5) permet d'obtenir une masse surfacique inférieure à 0,7 mg.mm-2 et, suivant le matériau utilisé, une masse surfacique diminuée jusqu'à 0,16 mg.mm-2. Pour atteindre cette dernière valeur, la planche 25 peut, à titre d'exemple, être formée à partir de silicium monocristallin et revêtu de dioxyde de silicium.According to the invention, the serge 29 and / or the teeth 30 are pierced in order to reduce the inertia of the exhaust system 7. Preferably, the opening of said main face in projection (visible at the figure 5 ) makes it possible to obtain a mass per unit area of less than 0.7 mg.mm -2 and, depending on the material used, a weight per unit area decreased to 0.16 mg.mm -2 . To achieve this last value, the board 25 may, for example, be formed from monocrystalline silicon and coated with silicon dioxide.

On comprend donc que, pour une épaisseur de la planche 25 de 0,12 mm, l'inertie de la roue d'échappement 11 peut descendre jusqu'à 1,59 mg.mm2.It is therefore understood that, for a thickness of the board 25 of 0.12 mm, the inertia of the escape wheel 11 can go down to 1.59 mg.mm 2 .

Il peut également être envisagé un revêtement supplémentaire comme du carbone cristallisé sous forme de diamant (DLC) au moins au niveau des dents 30 afin de modifier leur tribologie et/ou leurs caractéristiques mécaniques.It is also possible to envisage an additional coating such as crystalline diamond-shaped carbon (DLC) at least at the level of the teeth 30 in order to modify their tribology and / or their mechanical characteristics.

L'évidement 31 des dents 30 est sensiblement de forme triangulaire dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 5, toutefois une forme différente d'évidement est bien sûr possible.The recess 31 of the teeth 30 is substantially of triangular shape in the example illustrated in FIG. figure 5 however, a different form of recess is of course possible.

La serge 29 est ajourée par des espaces 32 entre les dents 30 qui sont amplifiés afin de former un angle α aigu. De plus, la serge 29 comporte, à partir de chaque dent 30 vers le moyeu 26, des évidements 33 en forme de quadrilatère et, entre chaque évidement 33, des ajourages 34 sensiblement triangulaires.The serge 29 is perforated by spaces 32 between the teeth 30 which are amplified to form an acute angle α . In addition, the serge 29 comprises, from each tooth 30 to the hub 26, recesses 33 in the form of a quadrilateral and, between each recess 33, openings 34 substantially triangular.

Comme illustré à la figure 5 en traits courts interrompus, le cadre 35 supportant chaque dent 30 est ainsi en forme de triangle, la base 36 étant formée par le diamètre intérieur de la serge 29 et reliant par deux côtés 37, 38 sensiblement rectilignes sa dent 30 associée.As illustrated in figure 5 in short lines interrupted, the frame 35 supporting each tooth 30 is thus triangular in shape, the base 36 being formed by the inner diameter of the serge 29 and connecting by two sides 37, 38 substantially rectilinear associated tooth 30.

Dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 5, chaque cadre 35 comporte donc un évidement 33 et deux ajourages 34. De plus, chaque cadre 35 est imbriqué avec les deux autres cadres 35 adjacents. Ainsi, chaque cadre 35 comporte son côté 37 sécant avec le côté 38 du cadre précédent et son côté 38 sécant avec le côté 37 du cadre suivant. Enfin, le côté 38 du cadre précédent rejoint le côté 37 du cadre suivant sensiblement au niveau du milieu de la base 36 du cadre 35. Cette architecture de la planche 25 permet de diminuer notablement sa masse tout en gardant ses caractéristiques mécaniques.In the example shown in figure 5 each frame 35 therefore comprises a recess 33 and two cut-outs 34. In addition, each frame 35 is interwoven with the other two adjacent frames 35. Thus, each frame 35 has its side 37 intersecting with the side 38 of the previous frame and its side 38 intersecting with the side 37 of the next frame. Finally, the side 38 of the previous frame joins the side 37 of the frame substantially at the middle of the base 36 of the frame 35. This architecture of the board 25 can significantly reduce its mass while keeping its mechanical characteristics.

Par conséquent, avantageusement selon l'invention, le mouvement horloger 5 grâce à l'adaptation décrite ci-dessus de son système d'échappement 7 est capable de supporter une fréquence supérieure à 5 Hz et, notamment, une fréquence de 10 Hz.Therefore, advantageously according to the invention, the watch movement 5 thanks to the adaptation described above of its exhaust system 7 is capable of withstanding a frequency greater than 5 Hz and, in particular, a frequency of 10 Hz.

Bien entendu, la présente invention ne se limite pas à l'exemple illustré mais est susceptible de diverses variantes et modifications qui apparaîtront à l'homme de l'art. En particulier, chacun des jours 31, 32, 33, 34 réalisés dans la planche 25 ou sur l'ancre 13 peut être de forme différente et/ou distribué différemment et/ou non traversant et/ou non formé suivant les applications.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example but is susceptible of various variations and modifications that will occur to those skilled in the art. In particular, each of the days 31, 32, 33, 34 made in the plate 25 or on the anchor 13 can be of shape different and / or distributed differently and / or not through and / or unformed depending on the applications.

On peut bien évidemment également envisager que la surface élémentaire d'au moins un élément, par exemple 11, 13, soit projetée selon une épaisseur non identique, c'est-à-dire que, par exemple, la planche 25, chaque bras 16, 17 ou la baguette 14 comporte une épaisseur variable ou non identique aux autres.It can of course also be envisaged that the elementary surface of at least one element, for example 11, 13, is projected to a non-identical thickness, that is to say that, for example, the board 25, each arm 16 , 17 or the rod 14 has a variable thickness or not identical to the others.

De plus, les matériaux cités à titre d'exemple pour chaque élément peuvent également être adaptés suivant les applications et/ou si des matériaux nouveaux ou non s'accordent particulièrement bien.In addition, the materials cited by way of example for each element can also be adapted according to the applications and / or whether new or different materials agree particularly well.

Claims (19)

Pièce d'horlogerie (1) comportant un mouvement (5) comprenant un résonateur (9) du type balancier (8) - spiral (10) et un système d'échappement (7) du type roue (11) - ancre suisse (13) caractérisée en ce que le balancier (8) oscille à plus de 36'000 alternances par heure et en ce que le système d'échappement (7) est au moins partiellement ajouré afin de diminuer son inertie et comporte une roue d'échappement à moins de 25 dents.Timepiece (1) comprising a movement (5) comprising a resonator (9) of the rocker type (8) - spiral (10) and an exhaust system (7) of the wheel type (11) - Swiss anchor (13) ) characterized in that the balance (8) oscillates at more than 36'000 vibrations per hour and in that the exhaust system (7) is at least partially perforated to reduce its inertia and comprises an escape wheel to less than 25 teeth. Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que le balancier (8) oscille à 72'000 alternances par heure.Timepiece (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the balance (8) oscillates at 72'000 alternations per hour. Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la roue (11) du système d'échappement (7) comporte une face principale en projection dont la masse surfacique est inférieure à 0,7 mg.mm-2.Timepiece (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wheel (11) of the exhaust system (7) has a main projection face whose mass per unit area is less than 0.7 mg.mm -2 . Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la roue (11) est ajourée (31) au niveau de sa denture (30).Timepiece (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wheel (11) is perforated (31) at its toothing (30). Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la roue (11) est ajourée (32, 33, 34) au niveau de sa serge (29).Timepiece (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wheel (11) is perforated (32, 33, 34) at its serge (29). Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que la roue ajourée (11) forme des cadres (35) supportant chacun une dent (30) et sensiblement en forme de triangle, la base (36) étant formée par le diamètre intérieur de la serge (29) et reliant, par deux côtés (37, 38), la dent (30) associée.Timepiece (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the perforated wheel (11) forms frames (35) each supporting a tooth (30) and substantially in the form of a triangle, the base (36) being formed by the inner diameter of the serge (29) and connecting, on two sides (37, 38), the associated tooth (30). Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que chaque cadre (35) est imbriqué avec les deux autres cadres (35) adjacents.Timepiece (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that each frame (35) is interleaved with the other two adjacent frames (35). Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que chaque cadre (35) comporte un premier de ses deux côtés (37) sécant avec le deuxième côté du cadre précédent et son deuxième côté (38) sécant avec le premier côté du cadre suivant.Timepiece (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that each frame (35) has a first of its two sides (37) secant with the second side of the previous frame and its second side (38) secant with the first side of the next frame. Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que le deuxième côté du cadre précédent rejoint le premier côté du cadre suivant sensiblement au niveau du milieu de la base (36) du cadre (35).Timepiece (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the second side of the previous frame joins the first side of the next frame substantially at the middle of the base (36) of the frame (35). Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisée en ce que chaque cadre (35) entoure un évidement (33) sensiblement en forme de quadrilatère et deux ajourages (34) sensiblement en forme de triangle.Timepiece (1) according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that each frame (35) surrounds a recess (33) substantially shaped quadrilateral and two openings (34) substantially in the form of a triangle. Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la roue (11) du système d'échappement (7) comporte vingt dents (30).Timepiece (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wheel (11) of the exhaust system (7) comprises twenty teeth (30). Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la roue (11) est formée à partir de silicium monocristallin revêtu de dioxyde de silicium.Timepiece (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wheel (11) is formed from monocrystalline silicon coated with silicon dioxide. Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'ancre suisse (13) du système d'échappement (7) comporte une face principale en projection dont la masse surfacique est inférieure à 1 mg.mm-2.Timepiece (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Swiss anchor (13) of the exhaust system (7) has a main projection face whose mass per unit area is less than 1 mg. mm -2 . Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'ancre (13) est ajourée en formant une structure du type en nid d'abeille afin de conserver sa résistance mécanique.Timepiece (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchor (13) is perforated forming a structure of the honeycomb type to maintain its mechanical strength. Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'ancre (13) est formée à partir de silicium monocristallin revêtu de dioxyde de silicium.Timepiece (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchor (13) is formed from monocrystalline silicon coated with silicon dioxide. Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une partie (15, 30) du système d'échappement (7) comporte un revêtement extérieur afin de modifier sa tribologie et/ou ses caractéristiques mécaniques.Timepiece (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one part (15, 30) of the exhaust system (7) has an outer covering in order to modify its tribology and / or its mechanical characteristics. Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le balancier (8) est du type à inertie variable.Timepiece (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the balance (8) is of the variable inertia type. Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la roue des secondes du mouvement (5) est montée à rotation complète en 30 secondes afin de simplifier le rouage de finissage dudit mouvement.Timepiece (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seconds wheel of the movement (5) is mounted to complete rotation in 30 seconds to simplify the finishing gear of said movement. Pièce d'horlogerie (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un témoin indiquant si la roue des secondes se trouve entre 0 et 30 secondes ou entre 30 et 60 secondes.Timepiece (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises an indicator indicating whether the seconds wheel is between 0 and 30 seconds or between 30 and 60 seconds.
EP11153258A 2010-03-04 2011-02-03 Timepiece including a high-frequency mechanical movement Withdrawn EP2363763A3 (en)

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EP3637195A1 (en) * 2018-10-12 2020-04-15 Rolex Sa Regulating device for timepiece movement
CN111045312A (en) * 2018-10-12 2020-04-21 劳力士有限公司 Adjusting device for watch movement
CN111045312B (en) * 2018-10-12 2022-11-01 劳力士有限公司 Adjusting device for watch movement
US11520293B2 (en) 2018-10-12 2022-12-06 Rolex Sa Regulator device for a watch movement

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HK1162695A1 (en) 2012-08-31
EP2363762A1 (en) 2011-09-07
CN102193485A (en) 2011-09-21
US8500323B2 (en) 2013-08-06
TWI531880B (en) 2016-05-01
EP2363762B1 (en) 2017-11-22
JP5576320B2 (en) 2014-08-20
CN102193485B (en) 2013-10-16
EP2363763A3 (en) 2011-11-16
TW201144954A (en) 2011-12-16
US20110216629A1 (en) 2011-09-08
JP2011185932A (en) 2011-09-22

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