EP2363533A2 - Attachment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The device (3) has a double-side fixing base (2) forming a fixing ring (14), and a fixing stand (4) insertable into the ring for holding a blocking- and holding element (8). The stand is detachably connected with the base, and a recess (40) is provided between the ring and the stand and extends in a circumferential direction. A shear element (11) is arranged in the recess in an assembly condition, and bridges a gap (17) between the ring and stand. The fixing stand has two lower and upper fixing stand elements (5, 6) releasably connected with each other.

Description

The present invention relates to a fastening device, in particular for a shut-off or retaining element in public areas. Such shut-off or holding elements are, for example, bollards, rods, supports, e.g. for trash cans or street lamps, playground equipment or mounts for benches or other seating set up in public areas. In this case, the present invention has in particular those fastening devices for shut-off and retaining elements of the type mentioned in the view, which are provided in public spaces that are completely or partially accessible to road traffic.

Here, the problem is that bollards, trash cans, signs, street lamps or the like are rammed by vehicles. If the corresponding shut-off or retaining elements are firmly connected to the foundation, the foundation is thereby destroyed. Accordingly, not only a new shut-off or holding element must be used, but it is also necessary to carry out earthworks to straighten the foundation and to create a new foundation. Sometimes also the road or pavement must be renewed or rehabilitated.

In view of this general problem, there have already been proposals in the prior art to fasten the shut-off or retaining element so that it yields in collision with a vehicle, without the foundation-side attachment of the shut-off or retaining element, the foundation is impaired , For example, describes the US 2005/0166482 A1 a fastening device with a fastening ring, which is embedded in the ground and has a rectangular cross section and which receives a mounting foot. The mounting foot is surmounted by a shearing element, which passes through the bottom of a bollard element, wherein the shear element fixed by a union nut the bottom of the bollard element. In a moment acting on the bollard element due to a collision with a vehicle, the shearing element shears off. The from the US 2005/0166482 A1 known construction is relatively expensive. It requires many parts and is difficult to assemble or repair after a collision with a vehicle.

An alternative embodiment is from the EP 2 039 834 A1 known. This known fastening device has a two-part connector, which consists of a plug-in part which can be inserted into an opening of the shut-off or holding element and a retaining piece which can be introduced into the fastening base. The retaining piece is between an elastic buffer made of polyurethane and the male part via a buffer and the retaining piece clamped penetrating and held in the male part clamping screw. This should be created the possibility of damping, if the shut-off or the like, for example, collide with a vehicle.

Further examples of proposed solutions are, for example, from US 2003/0084621 or the WO 90/06411 or the GB 1 483 485 A known.

The present invention is based on the problem of providing a fastening device which is suitable to hold a held on the fastening device shut-off or holding element safely and as free of play, which prevents destruction of the foundation of the fastening device in the event of excessive stress and easily in Case of a corresponding overuse can be repaired.

To solve this problem, the present invention provides a fastening device having the features of claim 1. The device according to the invention has a fastening ring, which is provided on the bottom side. This means that the fastening ring is provided close to the ground, for example above the ground level, at the level of the ground level or slightly below the ground level. The mounting ring is part of a mounting base that is anchored to the ground. The mounting base can, for example, embedded in the ground, bolted to it, welded or glued. The said attachment ring of the attachment base is adapted to receive a mounting foot. At least one receptacle is provided between the fastening ring and the fastening foot. This at least one receptacle extends substantially in the circumferential direction, i. with mounted fastening device in the horizontal. In this case, the receptacle can be formed continuously in the circumferential direction. It can be provided distributed on the circumference several shots that are not connected to each other. In the receptacle is a shear element in the installed state, which bridges a gap between the mounting ring and the mounting foot. With a view to the simplest possible assembly, it is preferable to provide a uniform shearing element, which is inserted as a one-piece component in the one or more shots.

As a fastening ring according to the present invention is not necessarily exclusively a component to understand, which is rotationally symmetrical. A ring can also be designed polygonal. The cross section of the ring may vary in the circumferential direction. The application leaves open the possibility that the fastening device according to the invention has a plurality of shear elements provided separately from one another having. As far as at least one shearing element is provided, the essence of the present invention is realized.

The gap between the mounting ring and the mounting foot above and / or below the receptacle should be relatively small. The gap is bridged by the shear element. In this case, the shearing element is to be selected in terms of its material nature so that at excessive stress in the region of the fastening device, the shearing element is sheared in the gap and between the mounting ring and the mounting foot. The shear element does not necessarily have to have elastic properties for this purpose. Rather, an embodiment is actually to be preferred, which allows a backlash-free attachment of the shut-off or retaining element via the fastening device, so that a normal appearance and subcritical loads a rigid appearance is mediated. The shear element should, however, be made of a substance or a substance mix which fails in the event of supercritical stress. A corresponding failure can also be influenced by the geometric design, the dimensions and the boundary surfaces of the recording.

According to a preferred embodiment, the mounting foot comprises two releasably connected Befestigungsfußelemente. Between these two connected Befestigungsfußelementen a groove is provided, which opens to the outer periphery of the mounting foot. Corresponding to this groove, a counter-groove is formed on the side of the fastening ring. The grooves do not have to correspond completely in the circumferential direction. However, this is preferable. In the development, the two releasably connected Befestigungsfußelemente allow easy inclusion of the shear element. This can for example be first introduced into the counter-groove. Only then are the two Befestigungsfußelemente including inclusion of the shear element in the groove connected to each other.

In combination with the above further development or per se, the fastening ring may also have at least two fastening ring elements which form the counter-groove between them and are releasably connected to one another.

The shearing element is preferably circumferentially provided according to a preferred embodiment. It is preferable to keep the groove and / or the counter-groove circumferential in the circumferential direction with a constant groove depth. This embodiment proves to be particularly easy to manufacture, especially when the groove or the counter-groove is formed by means of chip removal by turning.

To influence the compliance of a connected to the fastening device shut-off or holding element in the circumferential direction, however, it may be preferable to recirculate the groove or the counter-groove in the circumferential direction with variable groove depth and / or provide only at discrete peripheral portions a shear element. Naturally, the fastener of a tilting movement of a connected to the fastening device shut-off or holding element there will be less resistance where a gap bridging shear element completely or partially missing. By varying the depth of the groove or counter groove, a shear element formed in the circumferential direction can be used to influence the tilting tendency of the shut-off element as a function of the circumferential position of the bending moment.

Instead of a circumferentially provided shearing element, a plurality of curved or rectilinearly extending shearing elements can be provided. It is also possible to insert the shear element or elements into the fastening device in the radial direction with respect to the fastening ring after assembly of the fastening ring and fastening foot. For this purpose, only in the rule transversely to the longitudinal extension of the shut-off or holding elements recessed bores must be equipped with one or more shear elements.

A possible backlash-free mounting of the mounting foot in the mounting ring can be promoted by the fact that in the region of the receptacle in the circumferential direction distributed projections are provided, through which the shear element is compressed in the installed state at predetermined locations. These projections may be provided protruding the groove and / or counter-groove. They may be provided alternately in the circumferential direction in the groove and the counter-groove. This embodiment is particularly suitable in connection with two Befestigungsfußelementen which are clamped by screws against each other, including the shear element. Due to the compression of the shearing element effected in this case, on the one hand, a secure and play-free connection between the fastening ring and the fastening foot can be effected. On the other hand, influence can also be exerted on the height of the supercritical moment, the initiation of which leads to the failure of the holder between the fastening ring and the fastening foot.

A corresponding supercritical torque usually causes the mounting foot is levered out of the mounting ring. The shear element forms a kind of support on one side, whereas it is sheared off on the opposite side. This behavior is also due to the fact that the mounting ring usually leaves only a small amount of space down, so that the subsequently supported bottom mounting bracket usually leveres upwards. In order to create defined conditions, it is proposed according to a preferred development of the present invention, the groove between a recess of an upper Befestigungsfußelementes and a bottom of the recess projecting lower Befestigungsfußelement form. As the upper or lower element, the location in the installed state should be understood. The lower element is closer to the ground than the upper element. The lower mounting foot protrudes beyond the outer circumference of a base of the recess and ends in the radial direction preferably at the height of the shear element. There, the fastening foot member preferably forms a shearing edge, in particular a sharp-edged shearing edge, which leads to a shearing of the shear element, whereas the recess on the upper Befestigungsfußelement the contour of the shear element essentially follows, so that no direct shearing action is to be feared by the upper Befestigungsfußelement. The sharp edge of the shearing edge can also influence the height of a supercritical bending moment, which leads to the failure of the fastening device. Also can be taken by the formation of the shearing edge or its configuration in the circumferential direction influence on the failure course and possibly anisotropic strength in the circumferential direction.

According to a preferred development of the present invention, the attachment foot preferably comprises a bollard base which comprises a bollard section and a flange section fixedly arranged thereon. The bollard section should be understood as that component which projects beyond the mounting base, i. Usually provided as a support or obstacle above the ground level. Although is set down in the corresponding claim formulation on a bollard section, should be understood as such any rod-shaped element which can be used to hold signs, park benches, children's toys or the like or just to the barrier and thus as the actual bollard use. In this case, the flange section preferably forms one of the fastening foot elements. With the flange portion a bollard counter element is detachably connected, preferably screwed. The bollard counter element has, for example, an internal thread for receiving fastening screws, via which the flange portion is connected to the bollard counter element, including the shear element. Alternatively, nuts may also be fastened on the underside of the bollard counter element facing away from the bollard section.

In a further preferred embodiment with a bollard element, which is surmounted on its fastening-side end by a locking element, which is detachably connectable to the mounting foot, the projecting from the ground level part can be easily disassembled. The locking element usually has on the top of the bollard element Having accessible functional surfaces for a tool through which the locking element can be actuated to cancel the connection between the locking element and the mounting foot. The bollard element is characterized in this preferred development further by a Bollard, which rests in the installed state on the mounting ring, so that the mounting ring, but especially the mounting foot is covered by the Bollard.

The bollard element can be detachably connected, for example via a bayonet lock with the mounting foot.

Alternatively, the bollard element on a locking lever which is pivotally mounted in an upper region of the bollard element and at its opposite end forms a locking hook, which engages behind the mounting foot in a locking position. Typically, this locking lever is penetrated by an eccentric, which forms functional surfaces for attaching an actuating lever on the outside of the bollard element and by which the locking lever is pivotable from the locking position to a released position. The locking lever therefore allows a simple and rapid setting of the bollard element relative to the actuating foot and thus relative to the mounting base.

With regard to a support of the bollard element that is as solid and free from play as possible, the bollard element has, according to a preferred development, a conical foot section which, in the installed state, is fitted in a receiving cone formed correspondingly on the fastening foot. The inclined surfaces of the conical foot portion on the one hand and the receiving cone on the other hand are only slightly inclined relative to a vertical, so that the bollard element is centered in the receiving cone and held tilt-proof.

The shearing element is preferably made of plastic, in particular an elastomer. It has proven advantageous to provide the shearing element with a Shore A hardness of between 60 and 90, preferably between 65 and 80.

According to a preferred development, a securing element is proposed by which the sheared fastening foot is captively connected to the fastening ring. Such a securing element may be, for example, a steel strand or a chain.

Figur 1

eine Längsschnittansicht eines ersten Anführungsbeispiels;

Figur 2

eine teilweise geschnittene perspektivische Darstellung des in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels;

Figuren 3 und 4

eine Sequenz beim Einleiten eines überkritischen Kippmomentes des in den Figuren 1 und 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels;

Figur 5

eine Längsschnittansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels;

Figur 6

das in Figur 5 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel in teilweise geschnittener perspektivischer Darstellung;

Figur 7

eine Längsschnittansicht eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels; und

Figur 8

das in Figur 7 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel in teilweise geschnittener perspektivischer Darstellung.

Further details and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments in conjunction with the drawings. In this show:

FIG. 1

a longitudinal sectional view of a first Anführungsbeispiels;

FIG. 2

a partially cutaway perspective view of the in FIG. 1 shown embodiment;

FIGS. 3 and 4

a sequence when initiating a supercritical overturning moment in the FIGS. 1 and 2 shown embodiment;

FIG. 5

a longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment;

FIG. 6

this in FIG. 5 embodiment shown in a partially sectioned perspective view;

FIG. 7

a longitudinal sectional view of a third embodiment; and

FIG. 8

this in FIG. 7 shown embodiment in a partially sectioned perspective view.

The FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of a fastening device. In this embodiment as well as in the embodiment of Figures 5 and 6 or 7 and 8 is a bollard, which is designated by reference numeral 1. This bollard 1 is connected to a mounting base 2. The attachment base 2 is part of a fastening device designated by the reference numeral 3, which comprises a fastening foot 4 in addition to the attachment base 2. The mounting foot 4 is substantially formed in two parts with a lower Befestigungsfußelement 5 and an upper Befestigungsfußelement 6. The two Befestigungsfußelement 5, 6 are screwed together with hexagon socket screws 7.

The upper Befestigungsfußelement 6, which is presently integrally connected as a flange portion with a bollard section 8 for forming a bollard base 9, forms a recess 10 at its lower edge. This extends in the circumferential direction continuously and in the embodiment shown with the same strength. This recess 10 has rounded side walls. The contour substantially corresponds to the outer peripheral surface of an annular and provided with a circular cross-section shear element 11, which in the present case of an elastomer having a Shore A hardness of 70 is formed. The recess 10 is bounded on the underside by a section of the lower fastening foot element 5 that projects radially beyond a base of the recess 10. This lower mounting foot 5 forms with its radially outer edge of a shear edge 12, which is sharp-edged and is located substantially at the height of the central radius of the shear element 11.

The mounting base 2 is presently designed as a casting. The mounting base 2 has an anchor portion 13 for attachment in the ground or against a bottom plate, which increases upwards and merges in the region of the upper free end of the mounting base 2 in a mounting ring 14. The fastening ring 14 ends approximately at the same height as the upper edge of the upper fastening foot element 6. The underside of the fastening foot 4 lies in the in FIG. 1 shown mounting position on a support portion 15 which is formed by the mounting base 2 between the anchor portion 13 and the mounting ring 14. Surrounding circumferentially on the outer circumference of the fastening ring 14 and the bollard section 8 sits a protective sleeve 16, which covers the fastening device 3 on the upper side and is preferably detachably connected to the bollard section 8.

In the in the FIGS. 1 to 4 In the embodiment shown, the mean radius of the shearing element 11 lies at the level of a gap 17 which extends between the fastening base 2 and the fastening foot 4. To the gap 17 opens a formed in the mounting foot 4 groove 40a and one of these opposite and recessed in the mounting ring 14 counter-groove 40b. The groove 40a and the counter groove 40b include a receptacle 40 and surround the shearing element 11. The groove 40a is formed between the recess 10 and the radially outer portion of the lower Befestigungsfußelementes 5. The two Befestigungsfußelemente 5, 6 are provided with identical outer radius. The fastening ring 14 has a slightly larger inner radius compared to this radius. The clearance between the attachment base 2 and the attachment foot 4 results in said gap 17.

The Figures 3 and 4 illustrate a load case by a force acting laterally in the upper region of the bollard section 8 force M, which leads in the fastening device 3 to a bending load. A corresponding bending moment causes a pivoting movement of the bollard section 8. In this pivoting movement of the mounting foot 4 pivots about the shear element 11 1 on the right side according to FIG. 3 , On the left side, the shearing element 11 is sheared by the shear edge 12. In the case of load according to FIG. 3 the shear element 11 is not sheared off, but only elastically deformed.

As the force M increases, the shearing element 11 is finally destroyed by the shearing edge 12. The bollard section 8 can eventually be overturned. In this tilting movement is lifted only placed on the mounting base 2 protective sleeve 16 and pivoted with the bollard section 8.

After that in the Figures 3 and 4 clarified load case can be removed by loosening the hexagon socket screws 7, the lower mounting foot 5 from the upper Befestigungsfußelement 6. After this disassembly, it is readily possible to completely remove the defective shearing element 11 and replace it with a new shearing element 11. Usually, this new shear element 11 is introduced into the counterbore 40b after the lower fastening foot element 5 has been inserted into the fastening base 2 in advance. Thereafter, the upper Befestigungsfußelement 6 is brought over the lower Befestigungsfußelement 5. Holes for the hexagon socket screws 7 are brought to cover. Thereafter, the lower Befestigungsfußelement 5 is screwed against the upper Befestigungsfußelement 6 by screwing the hexagon socket screws 7. The new shear element 11 is braced here.

The Figures 5 and 6 show an alternative embodiment. In this embodiment are opposite to the FIGS. 1 to 4 the same components are identified by the same reference numerals. The mounting base 2 is identical. The Befestigungsfußelemente 5, 6 are merely formed as a flat plates and screwed together in the manner described above, including the shear element 11 with each other. However, a recess 18 is provided in the middle region of the two fastening foot elements 5, 6. Furthermore, this has in the Figures 5 and 6 embodiment shown a bollard 19 with a Bollard 20, with the bollard section 8 is integrally connected. The bollard 20 is formed approximately with the same outer radius as the mounting base 2, so that the bollard element 19 is seated on the front side of the mounting ring 14. The bollard element 19 is penetrated by an elongate locking element 21, whose fastening-side end 22 is rotationally connected to a locking foot 23. The opposite actuation-side end 24 forms functional surfaces 33 for an actuating lever (not shown), with which the locking element 21 is pivotable. Between its two ends, the locking element 21 forms a collar 25 which rests on the inside of a sleeve 26 arranged in the bollard element 19.

The locking foot 23 and the recess 18 are coordinated so that in a first position, a bayonet-type locking between the bollard element 19 and the mounting foot 4 is effected, whereas in a second, compared to the first pivoted Position of the locking foot 23 this fits through the recess 21, so that the bollard element 19 can be lifted off the fastening device 3 and removed.

An alternative embodiment of this shows in the FIGS. 7 and 8th shown embodiment. Again, the same components are provided with the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, the lower Befestigungsfußelement 5 has a downwardly extending receiving cone 27, the conical surface is continued by an inner recess of the upper Befestigungsfußelementes 6. The bollard 20 is surmounted by a conical foot section 28 on the underside and is in the in FIG. 7 shown installation position fitted into the receiving cone 27. The receiving cone 27 and the foot portion 28 on the one hand and the Bollard 20 on the other hand are coordinated so that in this installation position, the bollard 20, the fastening device 3 covered with little gap, preferably rests on it.

In the bollard 19, a locking lever 30 is pivotally mounted at a Verschwenklager 29 which is penetrated by an eccentric 31 and at its lower end a locking hook 32 ausformt, which is 27 against the lower end face of the receiving cone can be applied. By pressing the eccentric 31, the locking lever 30 of the in the FIGS. 7 and 8th shown locking position are pivoted into a released position in which the locking hook 32 is located within the foot section 28. This pivotal movement can be favored, for example, by a spring element, which cooperates on the one hand with the inner wall of the bollard element 19 and on the other hand is secured to the locking lever 30 to bias the locking lever 30 in the locked position or the released position.

The FIG. 8 shows the eccentric 31 associated functional surfaces 33 for actuating the eccentric 31, which passes through a recessed in the locking lever 30 bore 34.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Bollard

2

fixing base

3

fastening device

4

Mounting foot

5

lower mounting foot element

6

Upper mounting foot element

7

Allen screw

8th

bollard section

9

bollard base

10

recess

11

shear element

12

shearing edge

13

armature section

14

fixing ring

15

bearing section

16

protective sleeve

17

gap

18

recess

19

bollard element

20

Bollard

21

locking element

22

mounting end

23

locking foot

24

actuation-side end

25

collar

26

shell

27

receiving cone

28

foot section

29

Verschwenklager

30

locking lever

31

eccentric

32

locking hook

33

functional surfaces

34

drilling

40

admission

40a

groove

40b

counter-groove

M

force

Claims (15)

Fastening device (3) in particular for a shut-off or retaining element (8) in public spaces, with a base-side mounting base (2) forming a fastening ring (14), and a fastening foot (4) which can be inserted into the fastening ring (14) for holding the Shut-off or holding element (8), wherein the mounting foot (4) is detachably connected to the mounting base (2),
characterized,
in that at least one receptacle (40) extending substantially in the circumferential direction is provided between the fastening ring (14) and the fastening foot (4) and that in the installed state a shearing element (11) arranged in the receptacle (40) has a gap (17) between the Fixing ring (14) and the mounting foot (4) is provided bridging. Fastening device (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting foot (4) comprises at least two releasably interconnected Befestigungsfußelemente (5, 6), between which a to the outer periphery of the mounting foot (4) opening groove (40a) is formed,
in that the fastening ring (14) forms at least one counter groove (40b) corresponding to the groove (40a), and
in that the receptacle (40) is formed by the groove (40a) and the counter-groove (40b). Fastening device (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the counter-groove (40b) is formed between two releasably connected fastening ring elements. Fastening device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shearing element (11) is provided circumferentially in the circumferential direction. Fastening device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the groove (40a) and / or the counter-groove (40b) circumferentially recessed with constant groove depth is / are. Fastening device (3) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the groove (40a) and / or the counter-groove (40b) circumferentially recessed with variable groove depth is / are. Fastening device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receptacle (40) is provided in the circumferential direction in approximately the same thickness. Fastening device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the receptacle (40) in the circumferential direction distributed projections are formed, through which the shear element (11) is compressed in the installed state at predetermined locations. Fastening device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the groove (40a) is formed between a recess (10) which is recessed in an upper mounting base element (6) in the installed state, and a lower mounting foot element (5) in the installed state whose outer periphery radially projects beyond a bottom of the recess (10). Fastening device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower fastening foot element (5) forms a shearing edge (12) provided in the installed state below the shear element (11). Fastening device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mounting foot (4) has a bollard base (9) with a fastening base (2) projecting bollard section (8) and a fixed thereto flange portion (6) and one with the flange portion (6) releasably connected bollard counter element (5). Fastening device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a fastening element (2) projecting bollard element (19) which forms a Bollerfuß (20) which rests in the installed state on the mounting ring (14) and from a fastening side end (22) of a extends beyond the longitudinal direction of the bollard element (19) extending locking element (21) which is detachably connected to the mounting foot (4) connectable. Fastening device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bollard element (19) comprises a locking lever (30) which is pivotally mounted in an upper region of the bollard element (19) and at its opposite end forms a locking hook (32) , which engages behind the mounting foot (4) in a locking position. Fastening device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bollard element (19) comprises a conical foot portion (28) which is fitted in the installed state in a corresponding thereto on the mounting foot (4) receiving cone (27). Fastening device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a securing element, by means of which the sheared fastening foot (4) is captively connected to the fastening ring (14).

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