EP2362935A2 - Procede et dispositif de recuperation d'energie thermique, notamment pour la production de courant electrique - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de recuperation d'energie thermique, notamment pour la production de courant electrique

Info

Publication number
EP2362935A2
EP2362935A2 EP07856835A EP07856835A EP2362935A2 EP 2362935 A2 EP2362935 A2 EP 2362935A2 EP 07856835 A EP07856835 A EP 07856835A EP 07856835 A EP07856835 A EP 07856835A EP 2362935 A2 EP2362935 A2 EP 2362935A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
medium
working
heat exchanger
geothermal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07856835A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Yaver Demir
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Demir Yakup
Original Assignee
Demir Yakup
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Demir Yakup filed Critical Demir Yakup
Publication of EP2362935A2 publication Critical patent/EP2362935A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/028—Steam generation using heat accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for utilizing thermal energy, in particular for generating electrical current.
  • a liquid working medium such as water
  • the steam generated is used to drive a steam turbine for generating electric current.
  • the working temperatures required to drive the steam turbine are dependent on the steam turbine itself and the working medium and its vapor pressure curve and are typically 300 ° C. and more in the case of water.
  • periods of no or insufficient sunlight such as at night or when the sun is low, eg in the winter on the northern hemi sphere or in cloudy weather, the required working temperature can not be achieved and the solar thermal power plant stands still.
  • geothermal energy from the earth's crust over water is used as a heat medium for power generation.
  • thermo water hot water
  • groundwater channels or groundwater layers between two wells.
  • So-called Organic Rankine Cycle systems enable the use of temperatures from 80 0 C to generate electricity. These work with an organic medium that evaporates at relatively low temperatures. This steam drives the power generator via a turbine.
  • Kalina binary mixtures, such as ammonia and water, are used as the working medium.
  • Such a method and system according to Kalina is known for example from US 2004/0148935 Al and enables the use of heat to a lesser temperature level such as about 150 0 C to drive a turbine to generate electricity.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a new method and a new device for the benefit of, in particular solar thermal generated heat energy, in particular for generating electrical power (electrical energy). This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and by a device having the features of claim 23.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a power plant according to the invention and Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of a power plant according to the invention
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are each shown schematically in a plant diagram. Corresponding parts and sizes are provided in FIGS. 1 and 2 with the same reference numerals.
  • the power plant according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 can be subdivided into three subsystems.
  • geothermal power plant 2 which uses the geothermal heat energy from hot water from a deep well 5 in the earth's crust to generate electrical energy E.
  • a solar thermal system (solar system) 3 is shown, the energy contained in the solar radiation S by means of solar energy 30 converts heat energy into heat energy and has a heat medium circuit 31 for transporting the heat energy.
  • a heat transfer and storage system 4 is shown, the heat energy of the solar thermal system 3 transmits geothermal power plant 2 and / or cached in a depth memory 8 in the earth's crust (geothermal reservoir or deposit).
  • the geothermal power plant 2 has a thermodynamic working cycle process which, even at a comparatively low temperature level of the heat medium GM available at the deep bore 5 of, for example, 100 ° C. to 150 ° C., nevertheless a turbine 20 for generating electricity or generating the electrical energy E. can drive.
  • the turbine 20 may in particular be an expansion turbine or an expansion turbine or even a steam turbine.
  • a working medium KM a binary mixture of two substances with different steam partial pressures at the same temperature or with different boiling points or Verdampfungstempera- tures used, for example, a mixture of ammonia and water.
  • the geothermal medium GM flowing from the deep hole 5 is at a substantially constant geothermal temperature, for example 150 ° C., and flows through a wiring harness 50 through a series connection of three heat exchangers 71, 72 and 73 and gives one part of its heat to the one after the other Working medium KM off.
  • a first heat exchanger 71 heat at the original and thus highest temperature level to that in a wiring harness 71 of the Working cycle KM discharged, which is then in its hottest state with the highest vapor levels and pressures in the circuit and the turbine 20 drives to generate electrical energy E by means of the generator G.
  • geothermal medium GM im second heat exchanger 72 to the flowing through in a line 74 of the circuit working fluid KM a second amount of heat and in the third heat exchanger 72 to the flowing through a line 75 of the circuit working fluid KM a third amount of heat.
  • the line strands 70, 74 and 75 of the working medium KM are connected in series or in series.
  • the geothermal medium GM is thus successively cooled in this cascade of heat exchangers 71, 72 and 73 and the working medium KM is successively heated to the working temperature for the turbine 20.
  • a separator 81 is connected to separate, for example due to the effect of gravity, gaseous and liquid portions of the working medium KM, so that the gaseous or vapor components in the working medium KM for the wiring harness 70 and thus the turbine 20 increases become.
  • the separated predominantly liquid portion can be recycled to the separator 81 before the line string 70, if then usually only a small part.
  • predominantly liquid portion of the working medium KM is supplied from or downstream of the separator 81 via a pressure reducing valve 25 to a further separator 82, which is assigned to a further heat exchanger 21, which is connected downstream of the turbine 20.
  • the predominantly liquid fraction separated in the separator 82 is fed into the pipeline 76 after the turbine 20 and before the heat exchanger 21 and mixed with the working medium KM leaving the turbine 20.
  • the predominantly consisting of steam from the separator 82 exiting part is passed through a wiring harness 77 through the heat exchanger 21 and through the after the turbine still hot working medium KM in this heat exchanger 21st heated and then promoted via a pump 26 back into the wiring harness 74.
  • the slightly cooled working medium KM in the wiring harness 76 is fed to a further separator 83 and the steam-rich portion is fed to the separator 83 in a wiring harness 78 and guided in this by a further heat exchanger 22.
  • the predominantly liquid portion after the separator 83 is possibly partially fed back to the steam-rich part, but promoted to the larger or possibly complete part via the pump 26 in the wiring harness 74.
  • the further cooled working medium KM flows from the line section 78 into a further separator 84.
  • the steam-rich part is passed through a further heat exchanger 23 from the separator 84, optionally with admixture of part of the predominantly liquid portion and then through a heat exchanger 24 which is connected to an air cooler 28 and cools the working fluid KM near or to the air temperature (usually ambient temperature). But it can also be another cooling system instead of the air cooler 28 may be provided.
  • the thus cooled and liquefied working medium KM is now returned via a wiring harness 85 and first heated in the heat exchanger 23 of the working medium KM in the wiring harness 80 and then divided into the wiring harness 75 for further heating by the geothermal medium GM in the heat exchanger 73 on the one hand and in a wiring harness 79 for heating in the heat exchanger 22 by the working medium KM in the wiring harness 78th on the other hand supplied.
  • the two partial streams, each heated in the heat exchanger 73 or 22, are then brought together again and fed together to the line 74 to the heat exchanger 72.
  • each known per se multi-way valves are arranged to control the flow of the working medium KM.
  • the heat exchangers preferably operate countercurrently, so that the medium to be heated and the heat-releasing medium have the same signs of their temperature gradient in the flow direction.
  • a different binary mixture can be used as ammonia and water, for example, a mixture of carbon dioxide and water, which because of the natural geological occurrence is immediately available.
  • the solar collectors heat the concentrated solar radiation S through the heat medium SM flowing through one or more strands in the heat medium circuit 31.
  • the heated heat medium SM arrives at the output 32 of the system from the solar collectors 30 and flows successively through a first one Heat exchanger (heat exchanger) 61 and a second heat exchanger 62. Subsequently, the heat medium SM flows after transferring a part of its heat energy in the heat exchangers 61 and 62 or after cooling back to an input 33 of the solar panels 30 to be reheated.
  • Quantity of heat is of course dependent on the solar radiation S and thus dependent on the local conditions, such as cloudiness, day and night, seasonal differences, etc .. Furthermore, the amount of heat transferred is dependent on the used heat medium SM and also its flow rate or volume flow, preferred are used as a heat medium SM a per se known thermal oil or water / steam or carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), especially in conjunction with water.
  • a heat medium SM a per se known thermal oil or water / steam or carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), especially in conjunction with water.
  • CO 2 carbon dioxide
  • the solar thermal ge 3 supplied achieved temperatures of the heat medium SM at output 32 are above 390 ° C.
  • temperatures of 150 ° C to 300 ° C are still reached. All known solar collectors can be used, with or without bundling of the solar radiation S, for example parabolic mirror collectors.
  • the geothermal power plant 2 and the solar thermal plant 3 are now combined with each other via the heat transfer and storage system 4 in an energetically highly efficient manner.
  • the heat transfer and storage system 4 comprises a feed or supply 7 for fresh heat medium ZM, a wiring harness 41 for the heat medium ZM, which successively passes through both heat exchangers 61 and 62 of the solar thermal system 2 for heating the heat medium ZM, a depth memory 8 in the Earth crust for storing excess (solar thermal) heat by injecting or downwardly conveying heated heat medium ZM ', mixing means 42 and 43 for mixing heat medium ZM and deep storage medium TM from depth memory 8 and a wiring harness 40 for passing the mixture ZM + TM through the heat exchangers 71 to 73 of the geothermal power plant 2 to a drain or discharge 9.
  • the heat medium ZM is usually liquid at room temperature and is typically not contaminated water such as drinking water or groundwater or rainwater or cleaned or sufficiently clean surface water eg from rivers, springs or lakes.
  • the originally at relatively low temperature, for example ambient temperature, located heat medium ZM is first heated in the heat exchanger 61 depending on the solar thermal achieved temperature of the heat medium SM in the solar thermal system 3. A portion of the heated heat medium ZM is now supplied to the first mixing device 42. A second part of the heating medium ZM flows through the second heat exchanger 62 and receives once again heat from the heat medium SM of the solar thermal system 3 and is then supplied to the second mixing device 43.
  • the geothermal power plant 2 and the solar thermal system 3 are now designed so coordinated that in times of high solar radiation S, when the solar thermal system 3 has a high heat output, only a portion of this heat energy for the utilization of the turbine 20 is needed and the second , usually larger, part of the heat energy is stored in the depth memory 8 and then used in times of lower solar radiation S for power generation.
  • the temperature of the heating medium ZM is then continuously measured before or in the mixing devices 42 and 43 by temperature sensors (not shown).
  • the temperature of the heat medium SM of the solar thermal system 2 is significantly higher than that required in the heat exchanger 71 of the geothermal power plant 2, the temperature of the geothermal medium GM matched operating temperature, for example at 390 0 C compared to 100 ° C to 150 0 C working temperature.
  • the temperature of the heat medium in the wiring harness 40, the first heat exchanger 71 of the geothermal power plant. 2 is fed, well set to the desired temperature value at the heat exchanger 71, for example, a value between 100 0 C and 150 ° C.
  • the depth memory 8 is generally a natural geological deposit and located at a sufficiently remote location from the deep hole 5 and injection well 6 tapped by the geothermal power plant 2, and must be located at a sufficiently great depth to maintain the temperature of the heat medium ZM ' its intermediate storage as possible not to let sink substantially and also to effect, if possible, no contamination of the heat medium ZM '.
  • an injection depth hole is provided for injecting or conveying down the heat medium ZM 'in the depth memory 8.
  • a sampling bore leads down to the depth memory 8, via which the temporarily stored heat medium TM (possibly with dissolved mineral additives from the earth rock) can be pumped up via pumps 44 and 45 and fed to the mixing devices 42 and 43 can.
  • TM possibly with dissolved mineral additives from the earth rock
  • a mixture ZM + TM is produced by adding the stored heat medium TM from the depth memory 8, which generates the necessary Operating temperature of, for example, between 90 0 C and 150 ° C for the working cycle of the geothermal power plant 2, and is supplied through the wiring harness 40 to the heat exchangers 71 to 73.
  • a further use of the residual heat in the heating medium ZM + TM in the discharge 9 is provided.
  • a branch of the discharge 9 (or possibly also the entire discharge 9) is guided to a distributor 10, via which the heat medium ZM + TM, which may for example still have a temperature of 85 ° C. to 100 ° C., a Input of the distributor 10 can be supplied or pending there.
  • the relatively cold heat medium for example, ambient temperature or surface or groundwater temperature, eg 8 0 C to 15 ° C can be supplied.
  • the distributor On the output side, the distributor is connected to heat exchangers on gas-filled, in particular air-filled, pressure vessels or pressure vessels 11, 12 and 13.
  • the pressure vessels 11 to 13 are each connected at their outputs with a turbomachine 14 or a pneumatic motor.
  • the pressure at the outlet of the pressure vessel 11 is pl
  • the pressure at the outlet of the pressure vessel 12 is p2
  • the pressure at the outlet of the pressure vessel 13 is p3.
  • the pressures pl to p3 of the gas in the pressure vessels 11 to 13 and at their outputs are dependent, at least approximately proportional, to the temperature T of the gas.
  • the distributor 10 now ensures by distribution of the heat flows through the heat exchangers of the three pressure vessels 11 to 13 that a pressure difference arises at the outputs of two selected pressure vessels, the in turn causes a gas flow, which drives the turbomachine 14 and the generator 15 connected to it for generating electrical energy E.
  • the distributor 10 distributes by means of a control the heat flow or the flow of the heating medium ZM + TM to two of the pressure vessels, eg pressure vessels 11 and 12, and the colder flow from the line 19 to a third of the pressure vessels, eg pressure vessel 13.
  • the pressure p1 on the first pressure vessel 11 and the pressure p2 on the second pressure vessel 12 are each markedly higher than the pressure p3 on the third pressure vessel 13.
  • the outlet of one of the two warmer pressure vessels 11, which is under higher pressure is opened and 12, for example, the pressure vessel 1 1 with the pressure pl, connected via the turbomachine 14 to the output of the lower pressure p3 third pressure vessel 13 and there is a gas flow between the first pressure vessel 11 and the third pressure vessel 13 via the turbomachine 14th and drives them.
  • the manifold 10 again closes the valves between the first pressure vessel 11 and the third pressure vessel 12 and eventually connects after a certain cooling time of the third pressure vessel 13 whose output by opening the corresponding valves with the output of the still standing at high pressure p2 second pressure vessel 12 and the resulting gas flow drives again the turbomachine 14 and generated via the generator 15 electrical energy E. So is changing through the manifold 10th and the distribution valves, not shown, generates a permanent sequence of gas flow pulses that drives the turbomachine 14.
  • only a single deep hole can be used, which replaces the depth memory 8 and the depth hole 5. It is via a supply line under high Pressure, for example, 150 to 250 bar, air or other gaseous heat medium, such as ammonia, alkane gas (or butane or propane) promoted down into a repository and stored there.
  • air or other gaseous heat medium such as ammonia, alkane gas (or butane or propane) promoted down into a repository and stored there.
  • air or other gaseous heat medium such as ammonia, alkane gas (or butane or propane) promoted down into a repository and stored there.
  • the heat generated by the solar thermal system 2 can be conveyed into the bore as a depth memory 8 by using the air or the gaseous heat medium as medium ZM.
  • ambient air can be pumped down, which then heats itself in the depth memory 8 due to the geothermal conditions.
  • a typical time for filling the depth storage with the gaseous heating medium is one month to four months.
  • the hot air or the hot gaseous heat medium in the deep store or repository which can then typically be at temperatures of 300 ° C to 450 ° C, is then discharged as needed by a second line through the deep hole back up and the heat is used ,
  • the hot gas or air conveyed out of the bore corresponds to the heat medium TM.
  • Such a deep hole can be produced by drilling with a drill head and, following the drill bit, introducing a sealing compound to seal the wall of the hole to a certain depth to prevent cold water from entering, for example to prevent the drilling.
  • a sealing compound for example, a silicate-based sealing compound with hydraulic or non-hydraulic binder is used.
  • the sealing compound may also have an interruption at entry points of hot water to allow this access into the bore.
  • the sealing compound is injected by means of a supply line under high pressure of typically 1000 bar in the bore, which usually also the wall of the drilling significantly changed from originally rather cylindrical shape.
  • At least two lines are introduced into the bore, one for leading down the gaseous heat medium in the depth memory (ZM 'in Figures 2 and 2) and one for Hoch spending (TM in Figures 1 and 2).
  • the two tubular lines can be embedded in particular in a bulk material, which allows a sufficient thermal insulation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

Selon ce procédé de récupération d'énergie thermique, notamment pour la production de courant électrique : a) de l'énergie géothermique est apportée, au moyen d'au moins un processus de travail cyclique thermodynamique, par au moins un fluide de travail à au moins un utilisateur, notamment à au moins une turbine suivie d'une génératrice, pour la transformer en courant électrique, sachant qu'on respecte une plage donnée de température de travail de l'utilisateur au moins unique, notamment de la génératrice ; b) de l'énergie contenue dans le rayonnement solaire est transformée par voie héliothermique en énergie thermique et apportée à un système de transmission et de stockage de chaleur, au moins une partie de l'énergie thermique produite par voie héliothermique est apportée au processus de travail cyclique thermodynamique en fonction de ses besoins, et l'autre partie de l'énergie produite par voie héliothermique est provisoirement stockée dans un réservoir en profondeur dans la croûte terrestre.
EP07856835A 2006-12-18 2007-12-18 Procede et dispositif de recuperation d'energie thermique, notamment pour la production de courant electrique Withdrawn EP2362935A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006060103 2006-12-18
PCT/EP2007/011106 WO2008074463A2 (fr) 2006-12-18 2007-12-18 Procédé et dispositif de récupération d'énergie thermique, notamment pour la production de courant électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2362935A2 true EP2362935A2 (fr) 2011-09-07

Family

ID=39536776

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07856835A Withdrawn EP2362935A2 (fr) 2006-12-18 2007-12-18 Procede et dispositif de recuperation d'energie thermique, notamment pour la production de courant electrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2362935A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008074463A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111878332A (zh) * 2020-07-31 2020-11-03 江苏西墅新能源科技有限公司 太阳能与地热双热源联合运行的热机装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009134271A1 (fr) * 2008-05-02 2009-11-05 Utc Power Corporation Système à cycle de rankine organique géothermique et thermique solaire combiné
DE102008051849A1 (de) * 2008-10-17 2010-04-22 Bauer, Christian Energieerzeugerkopplung
ITMI20100048A1 (it) * 2010-01-19 2011-07-20 Alstom Technology Ltd Centrale elettrica geotermica binaria
EP2400120A1 (fr) * 2010-06-23 2011-12-28 ABB Research Ltd. Système de stockage d'énergie thermoélectrique
AT520477B1 (de) * 2017-09-15 2019-10-15 Franz Matthias Schweighofer Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von Dampf
DE102020129902A1 (de) * 2020-11-12 2022-05-12 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Thermischer Energiespeicher zur Speicherung elektrischer Energie

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US6769256B1 (en) 2003-02-03 2004-08-03 Kalex, Inc. Power cycle and system for utilizing moderate and low temperature heat sources
LV13216B (en) * 2004-05-08 2005-02-20 Egils Spalte Air pumped storage power station (gaes)
US7178337B2 (en) * 2004-12-23 2007-02-20 Tassilo Pflanz Power plant system for utilizing the heat energy of geothermal reservoirs

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111878332A (zh) * 2020-07-31 2020-11-03 江苏西墅新能源科技有限公司 太阳能与地热双热源联合运行的热机装置
CN111878332B (zh) * 2020-07-31 2023-11-24 江苏西墅新能源科技有限公司 太阳能与地热双热源联合运行的热机装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008074463A2 (fr) 2008-06-26
WO2008074463A3 (fr) 2011-03-17

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