EP2356317A2

EP2356317A2 - Rotary piston engine, control system for actuating a counter piston and method for the cycle-controlled operation of a rotary piston engine

Info

Publication number: EP2356317A2
Application number: EP09799490A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Waldemar Seidler
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-11-04
Filing date: 2009-11-02
Publication date: 2011-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-02
Also published as: EP2356317B1; DE102008055753A1; WO2010051794A9; WO2010051794A4; WO2010051794A2; WO2010051794A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel rotary piston engine, comprising a motor housing (2) having a housing interior (2.1) with at least one inlet (2.2) and at least one outlet (2.3), a cylindrical rotor (3) being received in said housing rotatably about a rotational axis (RA) in a specified direction of rotation (DR) in a cylindrical running surface (6) which extends concentrically to the rotational axis (RA) and which encloses at least one cylinder (5) having an annular cross-section together with the lateral surface (3.1) of the rotor (3) and lateral ribs (5.3), at least on rotary piston (4, 4') on the rotor (3) being arranged on the lateral surface (3.1) of the rotor (3), wherein at least one counter piston (7, 7') is received at least partially in the motor housing (2), at least the at least one counter piston (7, 7') is mounted movably on the rotor (3), and each counter piston (7, 7') is associated with at least one inlet (2.3) having an inlet valve (13) and at least one outlet (2.3), wherein the at least one outlet (2.3) is arranged in the direction of rotation (DR) directly upstream of the counter piston (7, 7') and following the same at least one inlet (2.2) is arranged in the direction of rotation (DR), wherein the at least one counter piston (7, 7') is driven such that the counter piston (7, 7') follows the contour of the rotary piston (4, 4') protruding from the rotor (3) with minimal distance in a contactless manner during the passage of said piston.

Description

Rotary piston engine, control system for controlling an opposed piston and method for the cyclic operation of a

D evco I ben moto rs

The invention relates to a rotary engine, a control system for controlling an opposed piston in a rotary piston engine and a method for the clock-controlled operation of a rotary piston engine.

From the prior art motors with rotating pistons in a variety of designs are known. In contrast to rotary-piston engines, rotary-piston engines have the property that all rotating components of the engine move in circular paths around a single point.

In contrast to combustion engines with lifting cylinders, which convert a resulting from explosion of a fuel-air mixture lifting movement by means of a crankshaft in a rotary motion, rotary motion is generated directly in rotary engines. For this reason, these engines are characterized by a better displacement-power ratio compared to reciprocating engines.

However, various problems arise especially in rotary engines, which have previously prevented greater market penetration of the same. These are in particular sealing problems inside the combustion chamber and high manufacturing costs due to a complicated mechanical engine structure.

Based on the stated prior art, the present invention, the object of a rotary engine with the simplest possible structure and a specify associated control system and method for the clock-controlled operation of the rotary piston engine, which ensures high efficiency.

The object is achieved by a rotary piston engine according to claim 1, a control system according to claim 21 and the features of the method claims 29 and 31.

The essential aspect of the rotary piston according to the invention is to be seen in that the rotary piston engine consists of a motor housing with a housing interior with inlet and outlet, in which a cylindrical rotor is received in a predetermined direction of rotation rotatable about a rotation axis in a concentric to the axis of rotation cylindrical running surface with the lateral surface of the rotor and lateral webs includes at least one annular in cross-section cylinder, and in which at least one rotary piston is arranged on the lateral surface of the rotor. Furthermore, at least one counter-piston is at least partially accommodated in the motor housing and at least the at least one counter-piston in the motor housing or the at least one rotary piston is movably mounted on the rotor, wherein each counter-piston is assigned at least one inlet with inlet valve and at least one outlet. The at least one outlet is hereby arranged in the direction of rotation immediately in front of the counter-piston and the at least one inlet in the direction of rotation is subsequently arranged thereon. It is particularly advantageous that the at least one counter-piston is driven by the rotor via a mechanical control system in such a way that the counter-piston follows the contour of the rotary piston protruding from the rotor in contact with it with a minimum distance during its passage.

In an advantageous embodiment, the rotary piston engine has a rotary piston and an opposed piston, wherein the rotary piston and the projecting in certain rotary piston positions in the cylinder part of the counter-piston are approximately identical in shape and arranged in the engine that the remaining space between the rotary piston and the opposite piston is minimized immediately before passing through the rotary piston through the region of the counter-piston.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the rotary engine has at least two cylinders, wherein the first cylinder is designed as a pressure cylinder for compressing air and the other cylinder as a working cylinder. The printing cylinder leads to an accumulator device, the at least two Druckbzw. Ignition chambers, compressed air to. In the pressure and ignition chambers, a fuel-air mixture is generated and caused to explode, wherein the pressure resulting from the explosion via a connecting channel between the pressure and ignition chambers and working cylinder is supplied to the same and generates a rotational movement by the pressure in the working cylinder becomes.

In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, a mechanical control system is preferably provided for controlling at least one counter-piston of a rotary piston engine guided in an opposed-piston housing section, via which the opposing piston is lifted out of the cylinder such that the cover or side surfaces of the counter-piston are in the contour of the rotary piston protruding from the rotor in its passage contactless with minimal distance, preferably a distance less than 0.5mm, follow.

Also forms the subject of the invention, a method for the clock-controlled operation of a rotary piston engine consisting of a motor housing with a housing interior. The essential aspect of this method is the fact that for dividing the circular in cross-section cylinder into a first and a second cylinder chamber, the opposed piston is radially introduced into the cylinder, in which by rotating the rotary piston (starting from the opposed piston in the direction of rotation via the inlet in the first cylinder space a fuel-air mixture is sucked in and at the same time the exhaust gas located in the second cylinder space from the Vortakt is discharged via the outlet.

Another object of the invention is an alternative method for the clock-controlled operation of a rotary piston engine consisting of at least one pressure cylinder and a working cylinder, each comprising at least one motor housing with a housing interior. The essential aspect of the alternative method is to suck in and compress air via the impression cylinder, to supply the compressed air to an accumulator device, to supply fuel to the compressed accumulator in the accumulator device to form a fuel-air mixture, and then into the compressed air Pressure accumulator device, the fuel-air mixture is ignited, wherein the resulting by the explosion pressure is supplied to the working cylinder.

Further advantageous embodiments of the subject invention can be found in the dependent claims. In addition, developments, advantages and possible applications of the invention also result from the following description of embodiments and from the figures. In this case, all described and / or illustrated features alone or in any combination are fundamentally the subject of the invention, regardless of their summary in the claims or their dependency. Also, the content of the claims is made an integral part of the description.

The invention will be described in more detail with reference to several embodiments and several figures. Show it:

Fig. 1 by way of example a perspective view of a one-piece

Rotor of the rotary piston engine with two opposing rotary pistons and counter-piston; 2 shows by way of example a perspective view of a motor housing part;

Fig. 2.1 by way of example a perspective sectional view of a

Motor housing part of FIG. 2; 3 shows by way of example a frontal plan view of the in

Motor housing part shown in FIG. 2 recorded, one-piece

Rotor with rotary piston and counter-piston; 3 by way of example a perspective view of two mutually juxtaposed motor housing parts with inserted rotor Fig. 4.1 to 4.6 by way of example six frontal plan views of Figure 2, respectively at different rotational positions of the rotor in

Motor housing; Fig. 5 by way of example a schematic block diagram of

Rotary piston engine with pressure and working cylinder and a

Pressure storage device; Fig. 6 shows an example of a three-dimensional sectional view of the rotor with attached to the lateral surface of the rotary piston and

Seals; 7 shows an example of a three-dimensional view of the rotor with at the

Shell surface mounted rotary pistons and sealing rings as shown in FIG.

6;

8 shows by way of example a three-dimensional representation of a cam;

9 shows by way of example a three-dimensional representation of a

Cam shell; Fig. 10.1 to 10.6 example six partial representations of different

Rotational states of the cooperating cam and

Cam shell; Fig. 1 1 by way of example a three-dimensional representation of a

Control unit for controlling the counter-piston; Fig. 12 by way of example a perspective view of a

Bevel gear drive mechanism for driving the opposed piston via the control unit and

Fig. 13 by way of example a perspective view of the control of

Intake valves by a toothed belt drive.

14.1, 14.2 by way of example a front and rear view of a rotary piston engine according to the invention in a perspective overall view

15.1, 15.2 by way of example a front and rear view of a rotary piston engine according to the invention with pressure storage device in a perspective overall view

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a tubular, one-piece rotor 3 with preferably two firmly on the outer surface 3.1 of the rotor 3 screwed rotary pistons 4, 4 'and one with these rotary pistons 4, 4' cooperating opposed pistons 7, 7 'of a rotary piston engine according to the invention 1. For a better illustration of the structure and the interaction of said components of the rotary piston engine 1 according to the invention they are shown without the surrounding, preferably multi-part engine housing 2. The rotor 3 is in this case arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation RA and rotatably mounted in the motor housing 2 in a predetermined rotational direction DR.

Both the two rotary pistons 4, 4 'and the opposed pistons 7, 7' are offset by 180 ° from each other and arranged concentrically about the axis of rotation RA. As a result of this offset, in each case the rotary pistons 4, 4 'or the opposing pistons 7, 7' are located symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation RA. This reduces the Imbalance of the rotor 3 and a low-vibration running of the rotary piston engine 1 is ensured.

Figure 2 and Figure 2.1 show at least a portion of the motor housing 2 in a perspective overall or sectional view, said part of the motor housing 2 together with the rotor 3 rotatably mounted therein forms a preferably annular in cross-section cylinder 5. To form a plurality of such preferably circular cross-section in the cylinder 5, a plurality of identical parts of the motor housing 2 may be arranged in series.

The part of the motor housing 2 comprises a circular in cross-section, stepped housing interior 2.1 with a cylindrical, concentric with the axis of rotation RA arranged tread 6 with lateral, circumferential ridges 5.3, which project radially inwardly over the tread 6, so that gradations arise.

The webs 5.3 in turn have at least one side surface 5.3.1 and 5.3.2 an upper side, wherein the side surface 5.3.1 is approximately perpendicular to the tread 6 and the top 5.3.2 is formed circular and concentric with the axis of rotation RA. The part of the motor housing 2 has at least one counter-piston housing section 12 with a piston guide channel 12.1 for receiving and guiding an opposing piston 7, 7 '. In this case, the piston guide channel 12.1 is designed for the radial guidance of the counter-piston 7, 7 'in the counter-piston housing section 12.

Figure 3 shows a section through the rotary piston engine 1 according to the invention along a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation RA cutting plane, and that an end view of the arranged in the motor housing 2 rotor 3 with rotary piston 4 and piston 7, which are accommodated in a piston guide channel 12.1 of the piston housing section 12. The rotor 3 shown in FIG. 1 is designed to form two cylinders 5 which are annular in cross-section provided, ie, a series arrangement of two parts of the motor housing 2 shown in Figure 2, the front side together and connect liquid-tight, preferably screwed, are, so that the respective running surfaces 6 are concentric to the axis of rotation RA come.

The rotor 3 is integrally formed and mounted concentrically in the two housing inner spaces 2.1 rotatable about the axis of rotation RA. This results in the housing interior 2.1 each have an annular in cross-section cylinder 5, which is limited in the radial direction by the lateral surface 3.1 of the rotor 3, the tread 6 and in the direction parallel to the rotation axis RA through the mutually facing side surfaces 5.3.1 of the webs 5.3.

In a preferred embodiment, in each case one rotary piston 4, 4 'is provided per cylinder 5, which is moved on a path running concentrically about the axis of rotation RA. In this case, the rotary piston 4, 4 'is running contactless with its free end complied with by the lateral surface 3.1, preferably with a minimum distance on the cylindrical running surface 6. The rotary piston 4, 4' closes by means of seals the cylinder 5 both to the tread 6 and to the rotor 3 and to the side surfaces 5.3.1 of the webs 5.3 liquid and / or airtight from, ie the height of the rotary piston 4, 4 'corresponds approximately to the distance between the lateral surface 3.1 of the rotor 3 and the running surface 6 of the motor housing 2 and the depth of the rotary piston 4, 4' corresponds approximately to the distance of the opposite side surfaces 5.3.1 two webs 5.3 a cylinder 5th

The for receiving the counter-piston 7, 7 'provided

Opposite piston housing section 12 are assigned at least one inlet 2.2 and at least one outlet 2.3, wherein the at least one outlet 2.3 in the direction of rotation DR immediately before the opposed piston 7, 7 'and the at least one inlet 2.2 are arranged on this subsequently. Furthermore, in the motor housing 2 a Zündvorrichtungsöffnung 2.4 be provided for receiving an ignition device, which preferably in the on the at least one counter-piston 7, 7 'following 120 ° -Sector comes to rest in the direction of rotation DR. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one inlet 2.2 is provided within a 90 ° sector downstream of the counter-piston 7, 7 'in the direction of rotation DR, preferably directly following the counter-piston 7, 7'.

In a preferred embodiment, the rotary pistons 4, 4 'and the part of the counter-piston 7, 7' protruding into the cylinder 5 are approximately identical in shape. The rotary piston 4, 4 'consists of a base surface 4.1 adjoining the lateral surface 3.1 of the rotor 3, a contact surface 4.2 adjoining the running surface 6 with minimal distance and two side surfaces 4.3, 4.4 connecting the base surface 4.1 and the cover surface 4.2. Preferably, the side surfaces 4.3, 4.4 and the base 4.1 include an acute angle. The counter-piston 7, 7 'has due to its approximate uniformity of shape to the rotary piston 4, 4' a top surface 7.1 and two side surfaces 7.2, 7.3, wherein the enclosed by the side surfaces 7.2, 7.3 and the top surface 7.1 angles are each obtuse. This leads both in the case of the counter-piston 7, 7 'and the rotary piston 4, 4' to an approximately trapezoidal cross-section.

Upon rotation of the rotor 3 in the direction of rotation DR, the counter-piston 7, 7 'is lifted out of the cylinder 5 in such a way that a non-contact passage of the rotary piston 4, 4' takes place in the fastening region of the counter-piston 7, 7 '. Preferably, the counter-piston 7, 7 'is lifted out of the cylinder 5 such that the cover 7.1 or side surfaces 7.2, 7.3 of the counter-piston 7, 7' of the projecting from the rotor 3 contour of the rotary piston 4, 4 'in its passage contactless and with minimum distance, preferably a distance less than 0.5mm, follow. For additional reduction of the distance, in an advantageous embodiment, at least the side surface 4.3, 4.4 of the rotary piston 4, 4 'approaching through the rotation can be slightly convexly curved. In addition, optionally, the at least one side surface 7.2, 7.3 of the counter-piston 7, 7 ', which approaches the rotary piston 4, 4' by its movement, be slightly concave. After the passage of the rotary piston A ₁ 4 ', the opposing piston 7, 7' nestles with its top surface 7.1 at a minimum distance to the lateral surface 3.1 of the rotor 3. In the case of a closed counter-piston 7, 7 ', ie that the top surface 7.1 is minimally spaced from the lateral surface 3.1 of the rotor 3, divides the rotary piston 4, 4' the annular cylinder 5 together with the counter-piston 7, 7 'in two cylinder chambers. 5 a, 5.b, wherein both rotary pistons 4, 4 'and counter-piston 7, T are formed such that the separation by means of the rotary piston 4, 4' and the opposed piston 7, 7 'provided seals preferably liquid and / or air-tight , For the sealing of the cylinder 5 on the lateral surface 3.1 of the rotor 3 are attached to this sealing rings 17 (see Figure 6 and Figure 7) are provided, which fit accurately on the tops 5.3.2 of the webs 5.3.

The mode of operation of the rotary piston engine 1 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4.1 to 4.6, with different rotational positions of the rotor 3 in the cylinder 5 being illustrated in six partial images 4.1 to 4.6.

In FIG. 4.1, a suction effect is generated by the rotary piston 4 rotating in the direction of rotation DR in the first cylinder space 5.a, so that air is sucked in through the inlet 2.2. As a result of the rotation of the rotary piston 4, the second cylinder space 5.b decreases at the same time, which results in the exhaustion of a burned exhaust gas located in the second cylinder space 5.b via the outlet 2.3. After a defined rotation angle, the inlet valve is closed at the inlet 2.2, via the fuel supply 9 fuel into the cylinder chamber 5.a fed and brought the fuel-air mixture in the first cylinder chamber 5.a by means of the ignition device to the explosion (see Figure 4.2).

Due to the explosion of the fuel-air mixture, a force in the direction of rotation DR is exerted on the rotary piston 4 when the opposing piston 7 is closed and causes a rotation of the rotor 3 in the direction of rotation DR. Immediately before touching the counter-piston 7, 7 'by the rotary piston 4, the volume in the remaining second cylinder space 5.b is minimal, i. the burned flue gas from the pre-cycle was almost completely forced through the outlet 2.3 (see Figure 4.3). The above-described shape of the side surfaces 4.3, 4.4 and 7.2, 7.3 of the rotary piston 4 and the counter-piston 7 in this case enables a minimization of the volume of the second cylinder subspace 5.b. In order to avoid touching the rotary piston 4 and the counter-piston 7, the counter-piston 7 is lifted out of the cylinder 5 approximately synchronously with the rotary piston 4 guided past it and returned to the cylinder 5 after the passage (see FIGS. 4.4 to 4.6). The radial movement of the counter-piston 7 in this case follows almost exactly the shape of the rotary piston 4. This ensures that even when returning the counter-piston 7 into the cylinder 5, the distance between the rotary piston 4 and counter-piston 7 is minimal, with the result that the proportion At burned flue gas in the first cylinder chamber 5.a is also minimal.

As already indicated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3.1, the rotary piston engine 1 according to the invention can have a plurality of cylinders 5 arranged in series, wherein a respective section of the motor housing 2 shown in FIG. 2 is provided per cylinder 5 and the cylindrical running surfaces 6 are each formed concentrically with the axis of rotation RA , On the rotor 3, a plurality of rotary pistons 4, 4 'are provided depending on the desired number of cylinders, wherein the rotary pistons 4, 4' are offset from each other along the axis of rotation RA and at least one respective rotary piston 4, 4 'is received in a cylinder 5. To one allow low-vibration running of the engine, the juxtaposed rotary pistons 4, 4 'alternately rotated by 180 ° to each other on the rotor 3 are arranged. In addition, each rotary piston 4, 4 'associated with a counter-piston 7, 7', wherein the counter-piston 7, 7 'offset from each other along the axis of rotation and rotated alternately to each other by 180 °. The ignition of the individual cylinders 5 can take place simultaneously or else offset in time.

In a preferred embodiment, the rotary piston engine 1 according to the invention comprises at least two cylinders 5, wherein one of the at least two cylinders 5 is designed as a pressure cylinder 5.1 for compressing air and the at least one further cylinder 5 as a working cylinder 5.2. Such a rotary piston engine 1, separated from the pressure and working cylinders 5.1, 5.2, has at least one pressure storage device 10, which contains at least one first and second pressure or ignition chamber 1.1, 1.2.

Figure 5 shows a schematic block diagram for explaining the operation of a rotary piston engine 1 with pressure and working cylinders 5.1, 5.2 and associated pressure storage device 10. The outlet 2.3 of the pressure cylinder 5.1 is connected via a connecting line 18 to the pressure storage device 10, wherein the connecting line 18 via a check valve 19 is connected to the outlet 2.3 of the printing cylinder 5.1. The pressure accumulator device 10 in turn consists of at least a first and second pressure or ignition chamber 1.1, 1.2, which are each coupled to the connecting line 18 via an associated first and second valve 20.1, 20.2 and a common valve 21. The first and second pressure or ignition chambers 1 1.1, 11.2 have a first and second device for fuel supply 23.1, 23.2 in the first and second pressure or ignition chamber 1.1, 1.2 and each one first and second ignition device 24.1, 24.2. On the output side, the first and second pressure or ignition chamber 1 1.1, 11.2 each with a further valve 22.1, 22.2 coupled to the working cylinder 5.2. The mode of operation of the rotary piston engine 1 with additional pressure storage device 10 will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. For better illustration, the pressure cylinder 5.1 and the working cylinder 5.2 are shown side by side in FIG. The realization of the rotary piston engine 1 is, however, as shown in Figure 1, by a common rotor 3. The position of the rotary pistons A ₁ 4 'and opposed pistons 7, 7' in the pressure cylinder 5.1 and in the working cylinder 5.2 are each offset by 180 ° to each other. During the starting process of the rotary piston engine 1, the rotor 3 is set in rotary motion by a starter, not shown, known from the prior art, wherein in the pressure cylinder 5.1 through the inlet 2.2 air is sucked into the first cylinder chamber 5.a of the pressure cylinder 5.1. As a result of the rotation, the volume in the second cylinder space 5.b of the pressure cylinder 5.1 is compressed and fed via the outlet 2.3 through the connecting line 18 to the pressure storage device 10. Upon reaching a predefined pressure opens the common valve 21 and the pressure can when opening the first or second valve 20.1, 20.2 in the respective downstream first and second pressure or ignition chamber 1.1, 1.2 reach 1.2. Subsequently, the first or second valve 20.1, 20.2 is closed again. The first and second valves 20.1, 20.2 are alternately opened, namely each valve 20.1, 20.2 once every two revolutions, so that every other revolution of the first and second valve 20.1, 20.2 associated first and second pressure or Ignition chamber 1 1.1, 1 1.2 is pressurized.

After supplying fuel into the first and second pressure or ignition chamber 1 1.1, 1.2 via a first and second fuel supply 23.1, 23.2, the fuel-air mixture within the first and second pressure or ignition chamber 1.1 1 1.2 ignited via the respective first or second ignition device 24.1, 24.2 and at the same time the first or second additional valve 22.1, 22.2 belonging to this pressure or ignition chamber 1.1, 11.2 is opened. At this time is the Rotary piston 4 in the working cylinder 5.2 in the direction of rotation DR seen after the opposing piston 7, said opposed piston 7 is closed, that is minimally spaced with its top surface 7.1 of the lateral surface 3.1 of the rotor 3.

The resulting in the pressure or ignition chamber 1 1.1, 11.2 by the explosion pressure is supplied via the connecting channel 25 to the working cylinder 5.2, via its inlet 2.2. As a result, a force in the direction of rotation DR is exerted on the rotary piston 4 in the working cylinder 5.2. At this time, the starter can be switched off. Due to the one-piece design of the rotor 3, the rotary piston 4 'in the pressure cylinder 5.1 undergoes a force in the direction of rotation DR and further generates pressure, which does not extend via the connecting line 18 and an open first or second valve 20.1, 20.2, that in the previous cycle used first or second pressure or ignition chamber 1 1.1, 1 1.2 is assigned, in this ebendiese pressure or ignition chamber 1.1, 1.2 can propagate 1.2. After passing through the two rotary pistons 4, 4 'through the region of the counter-piston 7, 7' can in one of the first and second pressure or ignition chamber 1.1, 1.2 by supplying fuel and the subsequent ignition by the first or second igniter 24.1, 24.2 the fuel-air mixture are re-exploded. In the second cylinder subspace 5.b of the working cylinder 5.2 is at this time from the previous cycle resulting, burned flue gas, which is ejected by the rotation of the rotary piston 4 through the outlet 2.3 of the working cylinder 5.2.

The processes described above are periodically recurring, wherein the period of the processes of the rotational speed of the rotor 3 is dependent. In addition, the fuel-air mixture is alternately brought into explosion in one of the first and second pressure or ignition chambers 11.1, 1 1.2, so that in one of the two pressure or ignition chamber 11.1, 1 1.2 only every other revolution of Rotor 3 an explosion occurred. By separating the working cylinder 5.2 of the Pressure accumulator device 10 and the use of two pressure or ignition chambers 11.1, 11.2, the fuel-air mixture can interact with each other for a longer period of time, resulting in a better mixing and thus a higher efficiency or efficiency of combustion of the rotary piston engine 1 by itself , In addition, such a structured rotary piston engine 1 with gasoline, diesel or gas is operable.

Figures 6 and 7 respectively show the rotor 3 with attached to the lateral surface 3.1 rotary pistons 4, 4 'and sealing rings 17, in a three-dimensional sectional view and a perspective overall view, wherein at the end faces of the rotor 3 preferably circular cover 8 with blade-like recesses 8.1 are flanged. In each case at the cross-sectional center of each cover 8, a shaft 27 is mounted, which protrudes along the axis of rotation RA from the rotor 3, wherein the axis of rotation RA coincides with the wavelength axis. The shafts 27 serve, on the one hand, for the rotatable mounting of the rotor 3 in the motor housing 2 and, on the other hand, for the dissipation of the kinetic energy transmitted to the rotor 3 by the combustion, for example by means of toothed wheels, belts or chains. In addition, by means of these shafts 27 all necessary for the operation of the engine, movable assemblies, such as inlet valve 13, opposed piston 7, 7 ', etc. driven.

Inside the rotor 3, a pipe 26 concentric with the axis of rotation RA is received. This tube 26 is held by the screwed onto both end faces of the rotor 3 cover 8, in the grooves 8.3 provided therein, in its position, the end faces of the rotor 3 are added thereto in the grooves 8.3. By inserting the tube 26 into the rotor 3 results in the interior of the rotor 3, a division into two rotor chambers 28, 29, wherein the first rotor chamber 28 is formed between the rotor inner side and the outer circumferential surface of the tube 26 and the second rotor chamber 29 through the inner lateral surface of the tube 26 is included. Both the first rotor chamber 28 and the second rotor chamber 29 are bounded laterally by the two covers 8. The construction of lids 8 and a tube 26 arranged inside the rotor serves to create a volume-reduced cooling space adjacent to the heat produced by the combustion, namely the first rotor chamber 28 in order to flow through it with a liquid or viscous medium and thus to cool the rotary engine 1. For this reason, the connection of the cover 8 with the rotor 3 and the connection of the tube 26 with just these lids 8 is made liquid-tight. The second rotor chamber 29 is sealed off from the first rotor chamber 28 and does not come into contact with the cooling medium.

A cooling medium located in the motor housing 2 in front of the cover 8 is supplied with the bores 8.2 on rotation of the rotor 3 via the blade wheel-like recesses 8.1 and introduced into the first rotor chamber 28 through these bores 8.2. The second cover 8 operates in an opposite manner, ie creates a suction effect on the cooling medium in the first rotor chamber 28 and conveys the cooling medium through the bores 8.2 and blade-like recesses 8.1 out of the first rotor chamber 28. Preferably, the holes 8.2 are inserted obliquely into the cover 8, so that the introduction of the cooling medium is simplified by the blade-like recesses 8.1 through the holes 8.2 in the first rotor chamber 28. The mounted on the lateral surface 3.1 of the rotor 3 rotary pistons 4, 4 'also have cooling channels, said cooling channels have a connection to the first rotor chamber 28, for example via provided with an internal bore screws, for fastening the rotary piston 4, 4' on the rotor 3 are provided. The cooling medium flowing through the first rotor chamber 28 can thus also flow through the rotary pistons 4, 4 'and ensure cooling of the latter, the replacement of the cooling medium being actively supported by the centrifugal force. This by the suction effect on the opposite lid. 8 Exiting cooling medium can flow back to the first cover 8 via integrated in the motor housing 2 reflux channels. Thus, the motor housing 2, which is acted upon by the combustion process with heat, effectively cooled. In order to avoid overheating of the cooling medium, a well-known from the prior art cooling device is introduced into the cooling circuit, which extracts heat, for example, by a greatly enlarged effective cooling surface of the cooling medium. In addition, this heat can be used for other purposes, such as for heating the fuel or for heating the interior of motor vehicles.

An inventive control system for controlling at least one counter-piston 7, 7 'of a rotary-piston engine 1 guided in the counter-piston housing section 12 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 8-12.

By means of the control system, the above-described radial movement of the counter-piston 7, 7 'is controlled such that during the passage of a rotary piston 4, 4' through the Gegenkolbengehäuseabschnitt 12 of the counter-piston 7, 7 'is lifted out of the cylinder 5, that at a minimum distance from each other a contact of the rotary piston 4, 4 'and the counter-piston 7, 7' is avoided. For this purpose, each counter-piston 7, 7 'of the rotary piston engine 1, a control unit 40, 40' are assigned, which are driven by rotating shafts 41, with these shafts 41 each at least one cam 42 and at least one, preferably two cam shells 43 are mechanically connected. The shaft 41 is driven by a mechanical operative connection from the rotor 3 and thus sets both cam 42 and cam shells 43 in rotation.

The cams 42 and camshells 43 shown in the assembled state in FIGS. 10.1 to 10.6 are shown in a perspective view in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, respectively. The cam 42 has a substantially circular shape Outer contour 42.1 with a bulge 42.2, wherein the cam 42 is scanned continuously on its outer surface by a bolt 44, ie the bolt 44 follows the shape of the cam 42. The bulge 42.2 is here formed asymmetrically and has a flat or a steep edge.

The cam shell 43 shown in FIG. 9 has a milling cut-out on the face side, this milling cut providing a circumferential path for a bolt 45 and this path, with the exception of a radially outwardly projecting bulging region 50, being approximately circular. The width of the milled recess of the cam shell 43 is matched to the diameter of the bolt 45, so that it is made to fit in the milled recess. In a preferred embodiment, the bolt 45 is guided between two uniform camshells 43, wherein the front-side milled recesses of the cam shells 43 and the cam shells 43 are mutually congruent and spaced from each other.

Upon rotation of the shaft 41 and thus of the camshells 43 in Figure 11 of the bolt 45, the inner or outer contour 43.1, 43.2 of the cam shell 43 from. In the bulge region 50 of the inner or outer contour 43.1, 43.2, a lever mechanism 48 is raised against the spring force of the first spring unit 46, with the lever mechanism 48, an opposing piston 7, 7 'is coupled and this is thus also lifted from the cylinder 5 , In the event that exactly one rotary piston 4, 4 'is arranged in a cylinder 5 of the rotary piston engine 1, the rotor 3 and the shaft 41 have the same rotational speed, ie the transmission ratio between rotor 3 and shaft 41 is 1: 1. As a result, the counter-piston 7, 7 'is lifted out of the cylinder 5 by the control unit 40, 40' exactly once per revolution of the rotor 3. The cam 42 is coupled to the lever mechanism 48 indirectly via a second spring unit 47. In the six partial views 10.1 - 10.6 different rotational states of the cam 42 and cam shell 43 are shown, wherein the relative position of the cam 42 to the cam shell 43 is in each case unchanged. In Figures 10.1 - 10.6 is the cam

42 and the outer surface extending bolt 44 shown by solid lines, the inner contour 43.1 and 43.2 outer contour of the cam shell 43 and the guided between inner contour 43.1 and outer contour 43.2 bolts 45 are drawn in dashed lines. The rotation of the shaft 41, the cam 42 and the cam shell 43 is clockwise. The cam 42 and the congruent camshells 43 are slightly offset from each other in their bulges 42.2, 50, i. the bulge 42.2 of the cam 42 leads in the direction of rotation slightly ahead of the bulge region 50 of the cam shells 43.

In Figure 10. I is the initial situation, in which the first and second spring unit 46, 47 are relaxed. In FIG. 10.2, the bolt 45 is in the direction of rotation before passing through the bulge region 50 of the camshells 43. In order to facilitate the passage through the bulge region 50, the bolt 44 is raised by the flat flank of the bulge 42. 2 of the cam 42 before this passage. so that the second spring unit 47 is biased. However, the force exerted by the second spring unit 47 on the lever mechanism 48 force still leads to no lifting out of the opposing piston 7, since the outer contour 43.2 of the cam shell

43 this effectively prevented. Upon further rotation of the cam 42 and the cam shells 43, the second spring unit 47 is further biased (Figure 10.3). Now runs the bolt 45 in the cam shell 43 in the bulge region 50 (Figure 10.4) allows the already biased second spring unit 47 the easier inlet of the bolt 45 in the same, since the lever mechanism 48 is lifted by the prestressed second spring unit 47. This leads to a lifting out of the counter-piston 7, T from the cylinder 5 and that lifting out such as it is predetermined by the contour of the inner or outer surface 43.1, 43.2 of the cam shell 43 in the respective rotational position. After the occurrence of the bolt 45 in the bulge region 50 of the bolt 44 passes through the strong falling edge of the bulge 42.2 of the cam 42 (Figure 10.5). As a result, the second spring unit 47 relaxes. At the end of the bulge region 50, the bolt 45 is guided out of the bulge region 50 by the spring unit 46, which is prestressed during lifting, and thus the counter-piston 7, 7 'is returned to the cylinder 5 via the lever mechanism 48 (FIGS ). The interaction of the cam 42 with the cam shell 43 ensures a gentle material overcoming areas of greater slope, especially when entering the bulge region 50, in which the counter-piston 7, 7 'must be quickly lifted from the cylinder 5 to the shape of the rotary piston. 4 4 'to follow with minimal distance. In addition, the lever mechanism 48 has a gear ratio generated by different lever arm lengths, which converts a small stroke movement caused by the cam shell 43 into an enlarged stroke movement on the opposing piston 7, 7 '.

Figures 12 and 13 show the rotary engine 1 according to the invention in a front and rear view. In Figure 12, the valve control is omitted for better illustration.

FIG. 12 shows the drive of the control unit 40, 40 'for opposed pistons 7, 7' via a bevel gear mechanism. A fixed to the shaft 27 first bevel gear 60 drives second bevel gears 61 which are articulated at first ends of connecting shafts 64, wherein longitudinal axes of these connecting shafts 64 are perpendicular to the axis of rotation RA. At the second ends of the connecting shafts 64 are mounted third bevel gears 62 which mesh with fourth bevel gears 63 which are connected to and drive the shafts 41. By this arrangement, the shafts 41 are set in a rotational movement by the rotation of the rotor 3, wherein the axes of the shafts 41 approximately parallel to the axis of rotation RA and are spaced therefrom. The direction of rotation of the shafts 41 is opposite to the direction of rotation DR of the shaft 27. By using bevel gears 60-63 with different diameters, the gear ratio can be suitably selected, in particular the preferred gear ratio 1: 1, ie one revolution of the rotor 3 leads to a rotation of the shafts 41st

Figure 13 shows the control of the intake valves 13 by a toothed belt drive toothed belt. The drive takes place on the opposite side of the bevel gear mechanism of the rotary piston engine 1. On the shaft 27, a gear 51 is fixed in the two other gears 52 engage. At these gears 52 pulleys are mounted frontally, which drive a toothed belt 54. By means of this toothed belt 54 further pulleys 53 are driven, which drive the intake valves 13 via shafts 55 and cams 56. Depending on the number of rotary pistons 4, 4 'used in a cylinder 5, the gear ratio between the rotational speed of the rotor 3 and the rotational speed of the shaft 55 must be suitably selected. When using a rotary piston 4, 4 'per cylinder 5, the speed ratio between the shaft 27 and shaft 55 is also 1: 1.

Figures 14.1, 14.2 and Figures 15.1, 15.2 each show a rotary engine 1 according to the invention in a front and rear view in the assembled state. Both rotary piston engines 1 have, by way of example, two cylinders 5, with the two cylinders 5 of the rotary piston engine 1 taking a combustion process in FIGS. 14.1 and 14.2. In contrast, the rotary piston engine 1 in FIGS. 15.1 and 15.2 has a pressure cylinder 5.1 and a working cylinder 5.2 as well as an accumulator device 10 and is thus also suitable for the combustion of diesel fuel. The rotary piston engine 1 can serve, for example, for driving machines, motor vehicles or the like. For this purpose, the shaft 27 is coupled via a mechanical operative connection with the drive mechanism of a machine or a motor vehicle, wherein the mechanical operative connection can be made directly or indirectly via a transmission with fixed or variable ratio. As materials for the production of the engine all commonly used in engine construction materials can be used. The motor can be made mostly of aluminum, in particular all housing parts, the rotor 3 and the lid. 8

The invention has been described above with reference to exemplary embodiments, it being understood that numerous variations and changes of the subject of the application are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 rotary engine

2 motor housing

2.1 Housing interior

2.2 inlet

2.3 outlet

2.4 Ignition device opening

3 rotor

3.1 lateral surface of the rotor

4, 4 'rotary pistons

4.1 Base of the rotary piston

4.2 Top surface of the rotary piston

4.3, 4.4 Side surface of the rotary piston

5 cylinders

5.a first cylinder space

5.b second cylinder space

5.1 impression cylinder

5.2 working cylinder

5.3 bridge

5.3.1 Side surface of the web

5.3.2 Top of the bridge

6 tread

7, r counter-piston

7.1 Top surface of the opposing piston

7.2, 7.3 Side surface of the opposed piston

8 lids

8.1 Schaufelradartige recess

8.2 Bore 8.3 groove

9 fuel supply

10 pressure storage device

1 1.1 first pressure or ignition chamber

1 1.2 second pressure or ignition chamber

12 opposed piston housing section 12.1 piston guide channel

13 inlet valve

17 sealing ring

18 connection line

19 check valve 20.1, 20.2 first and second valve 21 common valve 22.1, 22.2 more valves 23.1, 23.2 fuel supply

24.1, 24.2 first and second ignition device

25 connecting channel

26 pipe

27 wave

28 First rotor chamber

29 Second rotor chamber 40, 40 'control unit

41 wave

42 cam

42.1 Circular outer contour of the cam

42.2 bulge of the cam

43 cam shell

43.1 Inner contour of the cam shell

43.2 Outer contour of the cam shell 4 Bolt 5 Bolt 6 First spring unit 7 Second spring unit 8 Lever mechanism 9 Bracket

50 bulge area

51 gear

52 gear with front pulley

53 Pulley

54 toothed belt

55 wave

56 cam

60 First bevel gear

61 Second bevel gear

62 Third bevel gear

63 Fourth bevel gear

64 connecting shaft

RA rotation axis

DR direction of rotation

Claims

claims

1. rotary engine consisting of a motor housing (2) with a

Housing interior (2.1) with at least one inlet (2.2) and at least one outlet (2.3) in which in a predetermined direction of rotation (DR) rotatable about a rotation axis (RA) a cylindrical rotor (3) in a concentric with the axis of rotation (RA) extending cylindrical Tread (6) is included, which includes at least one annular in cross-section cylinder (5) with the lateral surface (3.1) of the rotor (3) and lateral webs (5.3),

- In which on the lateral surface (3.1) of the rotor (3) at least one rotary piston (4, 4 ') is arranged, wherein at least one counter-piston (7, T) is at least partially received in the motor housing (2), at least the at least one counter-piston (7, T) in the motor housing (2) or the at least one rotary piston (4, 4 ') on the rotor (3) is movably mounted and each counter-piston (7, T) at least one inlet (2.3) with inlet valve (13) and at least an outlet (2.3) are assigned,

in which the at least one outlet (2.3) is arranged in the direction of rotation (DR) immediately in front of the counter-piston (7, T) and at which subsequently the at least one inlet (2.2) is arranged in the direction of rotation (DR),

- In which the at least one counter-piston (7, T) via a mechanical control system from the rotor (3) is driven such that the counter-piston (7, T) of the rotor (3) projecting contour of the rotary piston (A, 4 ') at whose passage follows contactlessly with minimum distance.

2. Rotary piston engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one inlet (2.2) within a 90 ° sector following the counter-piston (7, T) ₁ preferably immediately after the counter-piston (7, T) is arranged.

3. Rotary piston engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the counter-piston (7, 7 ') or the rotary piston (4, 4') radially to the cylindrical running surface (6) are movable.

4. Rotary piston engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the passage of the at least one rotary piston (4, 4 ') through the region of the at least one counter-piston (7, 7') takes place without contact.

5. Rotary piston engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary piston (4, 4 ') and in the cylinder (5) projecting part of the counter-piston (7, T) are approximately identical in shape.

6. Rotary piston engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one rotary piston (4, 4 ') is fixedly connected to the rotor (3) and one to the rotor (3) subsequent base (4.1), one to the tread (6 ), and two base surfaces (4.3, 4.4) connecting the base surface (4.1) and the top surface (4.2), wherein each side surface (4.3, 4.4) encloses an acute angle with the base surface (4.1).

7. Rotary piston engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one counter-piston (7, 7 ') to the rotor (3) adjoining top surface (7.1) and two adjoining the top surface side surfaces (7.2, 7.3), wherein each enclosed by a side surface (7.2, 7.3) and the top surface (7.1) angle are obtuse.

8. Rotary piston engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one counter-piston (7, T) in certain positions of the rotary piston (4, 4 ') in which between the lateral surface (3.1) of the Rotor (3), the cylindrical tread (6) and the webs (5.3) limited space forms an almost dense separation.

9. Rotary piston engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one rotary piston (4, 4 ') is approximately trapezoidal and / or that at least one side surface (4.3, 4.4) is preferably slightly convex.

10. Rotary piston engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one counter-piston (7, T) is approximately trapezoidal, wherein the side surfaces (7.2, 7.3) are preferably slightly concave.

1 1. Rotary piston engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two cylinders (5) and the one-piece rotor (3) at least two rotary pistons (4, 4 ') are provided, wherein the rotary pistons (4, 4') to each other along the rotation axis (RA) are offset, at least one respective rotary piston (4, 4 ') is received in a cylinder (5) and the cylinders (5) have a common axis of symmetry, which lies in the axis of rotation (RA).

12. Rotary piston engine according to claim 11, characterized in that the at least two juxtaposed rotary pistons (4, 4 ') are arranged rotated by 180 ° to each other.

13. Rotary piston engine according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that at least two adjacent cylinders each have at least one rotary piston (4, 4 ') and at least one respective counter-piston (7, T), wherein both the rotary pistons (4, 4') as well as the opposed pistons (7, T) offset from one another along the axis of rotation (RA) and rotated by 180 ° to each other.

14. Rotary piston engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the motor housing (2) in the at least one cylinder (5) acting ignition device is provided, preferably in the at least one counter-piston (7, 7 ') in the direction of rotation of the rotor ( 3) following 120 ° sector.

15. Rotary piston engine according to claim 1 1, characterized in that at least two cylinders (5) are provided, wherein one of the at least two cylinders (5) as a pressure cylinder (5.1) for compressing air and the at least one further cylinder (5) as a working cylinder (5.2) is formed.

16. Rotary piston engine according to claim 15, characterized in that separate from the pressure (5.1) and working cylinder (5.2) at least one pressure storage device (10) is provided which has at least two pressure or ignition chambers (11.1, 11.2).

17. Rotary piston engine according to claim 16, characterized in that the pressure cylinder (5.1) alternately one of the at least two pressure or ignition chambers (1.1 1, 1.2) air, preferably compressed air.

18. Rotary piston engine according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that at the at least two pressure or ignition chambers (1 1.1, 1 1.2) suitable means are provided which at certain positions of the at least one rotary piston (4, 4 ') alternately one the at least two pressure or ignition chambers (1 1.1, 11.2) supply liquid and / or gaseous fuel and ignite this if necessary.

19. Rotary piston engine according to claim 16 to 18, characterized in that by further valves (22.1, 22.2) closable connection channel (25) between the at least two pressure or ignition chambers (1 1.1, 1 1.2) and the working cylinder (5.2) is provided, which in a pressure or ignition chamber (1 1) by explosion of the fuel-air mixture resulting pressure in the Derives working cylinder (5.2).

20. Rotary piston engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the two end sides of the rotor (3) cover (8) with blade-like recesses (8.1) and bores (8.2) are provided, which serve for cooling liquid or viscous medium exercise a pumping action and transport the medium through channels provided in all to be cooled areas of the rotary piston engine (1).

21.Control system for controlling at least one in one

Opposite piston housing portion (12) guided counter-piston (7, T) of a rotary piston engine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the counter-piston (7, 7 ') is lifted from the cylinder (5) in such a way that the cover (7.1 ) or side surfaces (7.2, 7.3) of the counter-piston (7, T) of the rotor (3) projecting contour of the rotary piston (4, 4 ') in its passage contactlessly with a minimum distance, preferably a distance less than 0.5mm, follow.

22. Control system according to claim 21, characterized in that the control of the counter-piston (7, T) is realized exclusively by mechanical assemblies.

23. Control system according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the counter-piston (7, T) by acting on at least one cam shell (43) and at least one cam (42) connected to the counter-piston (7, T) lever mechanism (48). is lifted from the cylinder (5).

24. Control system according to claim 21 to 23, characterized in that the at least one cam shell (43) directly, the at least one cam (42) via at least one spring arrangement (47) indirectly via a common lever mechanism (48) on the counter-piston (7, 7 ') act.

25. Control system according to claim 21 to 24, characterized in that only the inner or outer contour (43.1, 43.2) of the cam shell (43) determines the lifting movement of the counter-piston (7, 7 ').

26. Control system according to claim 21 to 25, characterized in that the at least one cam (42) by the at least one cam shell (43) certain stroke movement of the counter-piston (7, 7 ') supports, in particular at points of great pitch of the inner contour (43.1 ) the at least one cam shell (43).

27. Control system according to claim 21 to 26, characterized in that the lever mechanism (48) increases the movement of the at least one cam shell (43) generated by means of a gear ratio.

28. A method for the clock-controlled operation of a rotary piston engine (1) consisting of a motor housing (2) with a housing interior (2.1) with at least one inlet (2.2) and at least one outlet (2.3) in which in a predetermined direction of rotation (DR) rotatable about a Rotation axis (RA) a cylindrical rotor (3) in a concentric with the axis of rotation (RA) extending cylindrical tread (6) is received, with the lateral surface (3.1) of the rotor (3) and lateral webs (5.3) at least one annular in cross-section Cylinder (5) includes, in which on the lateral surface (3.1) of the rotor (3) at least one rotary piston (4, 4 ') is arranged, wherein at least one Opposite piston (7, T) is at least partially accommodated in the motor housing (2), at least the at least one counter-piston (7, T) in the motor housing (2) or the at least one rotary piston (4, 4 ') is movably mounted on the rotor (3) and at least one inlet (2.3) and at least one outlet (2.3) are associated with each counter-piston (7, T), wherein the at least one outlet (2.3) in the direction of rotation (DR) immediately before and against the counter-piston (7, 7 ') then the at least one inlet (2.2) are arranged, in which for the subdivision of the circular cross-section cylinder (5) into a first and a second cylinder chamber (5.a, 5.b) of the counter-piston (7, T) radially into the cylinder (5) is introduced, in which by rotating the rotary piston (4, 4 ') starting from the opposed piston (7, T) in the direction of rotation (DR) via the inlet (2.3) into the first cylinder chamber (5.a) a fuel-air Mixture is sucked in and at the same time in the second cylinder chamber (5.b) from the previous cycle exhaust gas over d en outlet (2.3) is ejected.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that after reaching a predetermined angle of rotation in the first cylinder space (5.a) located fuel-air mixture is brought by an igniter to explode.

30. The method of claim 28 and 29, characterized in that during the passage of the rotary piston (4, 4 ') of the counter-piston (7, T) approximately synchronously to the rotary piston (4, 4') from the cylinder (5, 5 ') lifted and after the passage back into the cylinder (5) is returned.

31. A method for the clock-controlled operation of a rotary piston engine (1) consisting of at least one pressure cylinder (5.1) and a working cylinder (5.2), each of at least one motor housing (2) with a housing interior (2.1) with at least one inlet (2.2) and at least an outlet (2.3) in which in a predetermined direction of rotation (DR) rotatable about a Rotation axis (RA) a cylindrical rotor (3) in a concentric to the axis of rotation (RA) extending cylindrical tread (6) is received, with the lateral surface (3.1) of the rotor (3) and lateral webs (5.3) at least the annular in cross-section Pressure or working cylinder (5.1, 5.2) includes, in which on the lateral surface (3.1) of the rotor (3) at least one rotary piston (4, 4 ') is arranged, wherein at least one counter-piston (7, T) at least partially in the motor housing (2), at least the at least one counter-piston (7, T) in the motor housing (2) or the at least one rotary piston (4, 4 ') is movably mounted on the rotor (3) and at least one counter-piston (7, T) Inlet (2.3) and at least one outlet (2.3) are assigned, wherein the at least one outlet (2.3) in the direction of rotation (DR) immediately in front of the counter-piston (7, T) and then the at least one inlet (2.2) are arranged, at the above the printing cylinder (5.1) air is sucked in and compressed, in which the compressed air is fed to an accumulator device (10), in which fuel is supplied to the compressed air to form a fuel-air mixture in the accumulator device (10) and subsequently in the pressure accumulator device ( 10) the fuel-air mixture is ignited and in which the pressure resulting from the explosion is supplied to the working cylinder (5.2).