EP2356049B1 - Calibration method in a machine for processing elements in plates - Google Patents

Calibration method in a machine for processing elements in plates Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2356049B1
EP2356049B1 EP09760748.5A EP09760748A EP2356049B1 EP 2356049 B1 EP2356049 B1 EP 2356049B1 EP 09760748 A EP09760748 A EP 09760748A EP 2356049 B1 EP2356049 B1 EP 2356049B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
illumination
introducer
plate elements
machine
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09760748.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2356049A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Michel Kalbfuss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bobst Mex SA
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Bobst Mex SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to EP09760748.5A priority Critical patent/EP2356049B1/en
Publication of EP2356049A1 publication Critical patent/EP2356049A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2356049B1 publication Critical patent/EP2356049B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H9/00—Registering, e.g. orientating, articles; Devices therefor
    • B65H9/20—Assisting by photoelectric, sonic, or pneumatic indicators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H5/00—Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines
    • B65H5/08—Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines by grippers, e.g. suction grippers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H5/00—Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines
    • B65H5/08—Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines by grippers, e.g. suction grippers
    • B65H5/10—Reciprocating or oscillating grippers, e.g. suction or gripper tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H9/00—Registering, e.g. orientating, articles; Devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2405/00—Parts for holding the handled material
    • B65H2405/50—Gripping means
    • B65H2405/52—Gripping means reciprocating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
    • B65H2511/50—Occurence
    • B65H2511/51—Presence
    • B65H2511/512—Marks, e.g. invisible to the human eye; Patterns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2553/00—Sensing or detecting means
    • B65H2553/40—Sensing or detecting means using optical, e.g. photographic, elements
    • B65H2553/42—Cameras
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2555/00—Actuating means
    • B65H2555/10—Actuating means linear
    • B65H2555/13—Actuating means linear magnetic, e.g. induction motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2557/00—Means for control not provided for in groups B65H2551/00 - B65H2555/00
    • B65H2557/50—Use of particular electromagnetic waves, e.g. light, radiowaves or microwaves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2557/00—Means for control not provided for in groups B65H2551/00 - B65H2555/00
    • B65H2557/60—Details of processes or procedures
    • B65H2557/61—Details of processes or procedures for calibrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2801/00—Application field
    • B65H2801/42—Die-cutting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49764—Method of mechanical manufacture with testing or indicating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/52—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a calibration method in a plate element processing machine, as well as a plate element processing machine implementing said method.
  • Such machines are used in particular in the printing and packaging industry, for example for making cardboard boxes from plate elements such as pre-printed cardboard sheets.
  • these sheets are removed from a stack located upstream of the machine, and are then positioned by an introducer in gripper bars mounted at regular intervals on a subsequent endless chain train.
  • the latter makes it possible to transport the sheets in the various subsequent processing stations of the machine.
  • such stations are dedicated to the cutting of leaves, the ejection of cutting waste and the receipt in stack of these sheets.
  • the train of chains moves and stops periodically so that during each move, all the gripper bars engaged with a sheet are moved from one station to the adjacent downstream station. If one wishes to obtain a printing or a shaping of quality, the positioning of the sheets within the different successive stations is a primordial operation.
  • the positioning of the sheet in the cutting station must be precise. Indeed, it should be ensured that the tools used for cutting, for example the form of cutting a platen press, are in perfect register with the impression that has been made beforehand on the sheet.
  • the patent CH 690'470 describes a device for ensuring the quality of the production of a packaging manufacturing press.
  • this device comprises a camera for reading, on the one hand registration marks related to printing, and on the other hand a mark for locating the position of the cutting. These registration marks are arranged on the front waste of the sheet held by the clip bar.
  • the cutting mark is made by means of a perforator integral with the cutting tools. This perforator provides a hole in the front waste of the sheet simultaneously with the cutting of the latter.
  • another device makes it possible to mark the sheets identified as defective by the camera, namely those which have an off-tolerance offset between printing and cutting.
  • the patent EP 1'044'908 relates to a device and method for positioning plate elements in an introduction station. Starting from a tablet located in a starting rear position, this method consists in switching on means for fixing a plate element on the tablet, and then controlling actuators to enable its forward displacement as a function of the position of the plate element on the tablet. As a result, the front edge of the plate member is brought, stopped and released into a predetermined position in the clamps of the gripper bar of the transport device before the shelf has finally been returned to the starting position.
  • optoelectronic means read the coordinates of the position of the plate element and calculate the displacement necessary to position it at best in the clip bar.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks so as to reduce the start-up time of new work, the consumption of plate elements during this start-up, and to improve the quality obtained.
  • the subject of the present invention is a calibration method in a processing machine, as claimed in claim 1, and a plate element processing machine implementing this method in accordance with the present invention. states claim 5
  • upstream and downstream will be defined with reference to the direction of movement of the plate elements, as illustrated by the arrow D in FIG. figure 2 . These elements move from upstream to downstream, generally following the main axis X of the machine, in a movement clocked by periodic stops. Also, it will be specified that the adjectives longitudinal and lateral are defined with respect to this main axis X.
  • plate elements and sheets will be considered as equivalent, and will concern both elements made of corrugated cardboard that of cardboard or any other material commonly used in the packaging industry.
  • the figure 1 shows a schematic overview of a processing machine 1 in which the method of the present invention can be applied.
  • This machine comprises a series of processing stations, among which there will typically be an introduction station 2 followed by a cutting station 3, a waste ejection station 4 and a receiving station 5.
  • the number and kind of treatment stations that can vary according to the complexity of the shaping operations to be performed on plate elements 10.
  • these plate elements are arranged in a stack 11, which is supported in particular against a gauge 6 also acting as a front stop for these elements. Thanks to the gap left at the bottom of the gauge 6, these elements can be removed one by one from the bottom of a stack 11 by means of an introducer 20.
  • This device will allow to introduce each of them in an organ for gripping 31 of a conveyor 30, as best seen in the figure 2 .
  • This transporter generally consists of a chain train 32, between the chains of which are arranged a a plurality of gripper bars each acting as a gripping member 30 for the plate member 10.
  • the chain train 32 moves and stops periodically so that during a movement, each gripper 31 has moved from one station to the adjacent downstream station.
  • the position of the stops of the gripping members is dictated by a movement of the chain train a constant distance. This distance corresponds to the theoretical pitch of these organs on the train of chains.
  • Treatment stations 2, 3, 4 and 5 are fixed and spaced apart by this same step so that at each stop, the gripping members 31 stop in tracking with the tools of these stations.
  • Such a type of machine is most often used to treat corrugated board elements.
  • the figure 2 represents, in a schematic view from above, a downstream portion of a plate member 10 moving in the direction of a gripper bar by the introducer 20.
  • the introducer 20 is provided with a fastening device 21 consisting of a suction pad.
  • This fixing device 21 makes it possible to suck up the plate element from the bottom of the stack 11 and thus to make it integral with the introducer 20, which will slide the plate element 10 under the gauge 6 and bring it in a specific position engaged with the gripper clamps 31.
  • the trajectory of the introducer 20 depends on the initial position of the plate member 10 at the bottom of the stack. This position is measured by first sensors 7 located directly downstream of the gauge 6 ( figure 1 ).
  • the sensors 7 measure the intensity of light reflected from the surface of the plate member 10 when illuminated by a lighting device, in a predetermined area in which the registration marks are located. A signal processing obtained then makes it possible to calculate the position of the registration mark.
  • the lighting device is sometimes integrated in the sensor 7 without this being a necessity.
  • the sensors 7 integrate the lighting devices.
  • a control unit 40 for calculating the position of the marking marks and the trajectory of the introducer 20. Knowing the theoretical stopping position of the gripping member 31 in the insertion station, the control unit is capable of calculating the values of the displacement parameters (lateral, longitudinal or transverse) of the introducer 20, so that the latter correctly conveys the plate element which it carries in the gripping member, according to its initial starting position. These calculations are performed by the control unit 40 which also controls the introducer 20.
  • the plate member 10 will then be transported by the gripping member 31 in the cutting station 3, where it will be cut into a die corresponding to the desired shape, for example in order to obtain a plurality of boxes of a given form.
  • this station or in one or more subsequent stations, can also be performed other operations such as creasing fold lines, embossing some surfaces and / or the removal of patterns from metallized strips for example.
  • the figure 3 represents another example of a cutting press known to date in which the plate elements 10 to be worked are sheets taken from above a stack 11, arranged in the form of a sheet and then transported on a margin table before being introduced in the clamps 31 of the transport members 30 of the cutting station of the press.
  • the document EP1170228 discloses an example of a sheet feeder for tableting; and the document EP0680906 describes an example of a transport member of the cutting station of the press, using clamp bars.
  • the devices for tableclothing the sheets and for routing the sheet are shown in greater detail on the figure 4 .
  • the stack 11 is web-fed by the squeegee group 50, the top of the stack 11 being held at a constant level by lifting the battery tray 51 driven by a motor 52.
  • the sheet on the top of the stack 11 is grasped by the rear and then pushed forward by the suction group 50, so as to form the web, the front portion of the sheet 10 slipping under the previous sheet.
  • the sheets of the sheet are precisely positioned longitudinally and laterally by a positioning device 60 which has a similar operation to that of the introducer 20 of the treatment machine shown on the figures 1 and 2 .
  • the document EP 1044908 describes an example of sheet positioning device which is constituted by the web 3. As described in this document, positioning occurs at the end of the margin table closest to the transport members 5 of the cutting station, using a sophisticated system that does not require the leaves to stop.
  • the positioning device 60 comprises a tablet provided with a fastening device comprising clamps, whose function identical to that of the suction plate 21 of the introducer 20 shown in FIG. figure 2 , is to make a plate element 10 integral with the tablet, to transport it in the gripping member 31, according to its initial starting position in a manner similar to that described above.
  • sensors measure the reflected light intensity, which makes it possible to calculate the position of the registration marks and the movement that the tablet of the positioning device must make in order to correctly place the downstream edge of the plate element in the organ.
  • This type of press is most often used when the plate elements 10 are sheets of cardboard.
  • the surface of some materials can be very reflective, while other materials will be transparent.
  • the colors of the materials may vary from white to matte black, and more and more elaborate prints are affixed to their surfaces.
  • the detection of the registration marks 12 must be perfect, so that the treatments performed by the machine are in register with the prints present on the plate element 10.
  • the present invention therefore aims to ensure optimal detection of the registration marks 12 printed on the plate materials, while reducing the time to start a new job and the amount of waste produced during this implementation. route, offering a calibration method in a plate element processing machine that will be used when starting the machine for a new job, and a plate processing machine capable of implementing this calibration process.
  • introducer will be used to designate a device whose function is to introduce the downstream edge of a plate member into the gripping member. 31. Such a device corresponds to the introducer 20 represented on the figures 1 and 2 , or to the positioning device 60 shown in the figure 3 and detailed in the document EP1044908 .
  • the introducer is provided with a fixing device which makes it possible to make the plate element integral with the introducer.
  • the fixing device could take different forms, such as that of a suction plate 21 shown on the drawing. figure 2 , or that of pliers.
  • the fastening device 21 grasps a plate element 10 to make it integral with the introducer 20.
  • the manner in which this plate element 10 is selected from the batch which must to be treated does not matter: the selection can be automatic from a stack of plate elements, or manually.
  • control unit 40 prints the introducer 20 back and forth movement, while the plate element 10 selected in the previous step is secured to the introducer 20 by the fastening device 21.
  • control unit 40 controls the lighting device and the sensor 7 so that the region of the plate element bearing the registration mark 12 is illuminated by the lighting device, with a different illumination for each movement. back and forth performed by the introducer 20; and so that the reflected light intensity is measured by the sensor 7.
  • the measurements made by the sensor 7 are transmitted to the control unit 40 of the machine, and thus form a succession of measurements which corresponds to the succession of va and comes by the introducer 20.
  • control unit 40 determines, on the basis of the succession of measurements obtained in the previous step, the lighting parameters that will be used for the whole batch of plate elements, ie that is to say for the work in question. This determination implements conventional signal processing techniques, which make it possible to analyze the quality of the detection for each measurement made by the sensor 7, and therefore for each corresponding illumination.
  • one of the lighting parameters relates to the selection of direct lighting and indirect lighting.
  • Lighting is considered to be direct when it is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the light. plate element, and as indirect when it has an angle of incidence with the surface.
  • the figure 5 represents different examples of lighting.
  • an indirect light of average intensity referenced 5a is particularly suitable for work on plate elements whose surfaces are diffusing and clear, which is generally the case.
  • a high intensity indirect light referenced 5b is particularly suitable for a dark diffusing surface
  • a low intensity direct light referenced 5c is particularly suitable for plate elements composed of a material whose surface is reflective
  • a direct illumination of High intensity referenced 5d is particularly suitable for a transparent material.
  • the method according to the invention thus provides an excellent quality of detection of registration marks, regardless of the type of material.
  • a plurality of measurements may optionally be performed for each type of lighting, direct or indirect, with different levels of light intensity.
  • different reflected colors are measured during different back and forth, so as to adapt the lighting not only to the characteristics of the material of the plate element but also to those of the impressions carried by its surface.
  • This embodiment may for example consist in using a plurality of sensors 7, each measuring the reflected light intensity in a different spectrum, typically red, green and blue.
  • the lighting parameters then comprise a light intensity parameter for each of the sources.
  • the type of material of which the plate element 10 is composed may be optionally indicated by the operator of the machine, so as to directly determine the type of lighting used by the lighting device 7 and an order of magnitude of the light intensity, as for example represents the figure 5 .
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible extremely rapidly to obtain an excellent quality of detection of the marking marks, whatever the type of material of which the plate elements and the impressions they support are made, while minimizing the consumption of plate material.
  • a plate processing machine will therefore conventionally comprise an introducer 20 provided with a fastening device 21.
  • the introducer 20 makes it possible to position these plate elements 10 in a plurality of gripping members 31.
  • a processing machine will comprise at least one LED lighting device placed so as to illuminate a registration mark 12 printed on a plate element 10 when the latter is made integral with the introducer 20 by the fixing device 21; and at least one sensor 7 which measures the light intensity reflected by the surface of the plate member when illuminated by the lighting device.
  • the processing machine according to the invention also comprises a control unit 40, of the microprocessor or microcontroller type, which controls the introducer 20, the lighting device and the sensor 7, and which receives the measurements made. by the sensor 7.
  • the lighting device is of the type capable of generating different lighting, that is to say that it is capable of generating a selected lighting from a set of possible lighting, according to parameters of lighting transmitted to it.
  • the introducer 20 is able to move back and forth when a plate member is held by the fastener.
  • the control unit 40 controls the introducer 20, the lighting device and the sensor 7, so that the introducer 20 performs a succession of comings and goings, while a plate member 10 is held by the fastener 21.
  • the registration mark 12 printed on the surface of the plate member 10 is illuminated during each back and forth movement, and the sensor 7 measure for each back and forth the reflected light intensity.
  • the control unit 40 receives the measurements made by the sensor 7, which constitute a succession of measurements corresponding to the succession of back and forth performed by the introducer 20.
  • control unit 40 controls the lighting device so that a different illumination is applied to the surface of the plate element 10 during each back and forth performed by the introducer 20 during calibration. Then the control unit 40, from the succession of measurements made by the sensor 7, determines the lighting parameters that will be used for the work, that is to say for the treatment of all the elements in plate 10 constituting the batch.
  • the lighting device makes it possible to carry out direct lighting, that is to say in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the plate element 10 transported by the introducer 20, and indirect lighting, c that is, in a direction having an angle of incidence with the surface of the plate material, and the control unit 40 controls the lighting device by controlling what kind of lighting is used: direct or indirect.
  • the lighting device may optionally include a separate light source for each type of lighting, direct and indirect.
  • the lighting device makes it possible to carry out illumination of different colors; for example by having a plurality of light sources of different colors.
  • the control unit 40 can advantageously control the lighting device by determining the light intensity of each color source.
  • the surface of the plate elements 10 most often supports a plurality of registration marks 12.
  • the processing machine then has lighting devices and the sensors 7 for each registration mark. These lighting devices and these sensors 7 may be identical for all brands. However, in order to propose a greater capacity for correcting the lateral positioning error of the plate elements 10, it is possible optionally to use different lighting devices and sensors 7 for the marking or marks 12 intended to produce the light. lateral alignment of the plate member 10 for the marking or marks 12 present on the downstream edge of the plate member 10.
  • a lighting device comprising one or more light sources for direct lighting and one or more light sources for indirect lighting with a sensor 7; and for detecting and measuring the position of the lateral registration marks of the plate member 10, a multiple color illumination device, for example red, green and blue, with a sensor 7 can be advantageously used.
  • a multiple color illumination device for example red, green and blue, with a sensor 7 can be advantageously used.
  • a bar composed for example of 32 to 512 monochrome cells, for measuring the reflected light intensity on a line segment.
  • the lighting device is integrated in the corresponding sensor housing 7, which provides many advantages in terms of size, ease of assembly and mechanical adjustment, but also in terms of maintenance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
  • Control Of Cutting Processes (AREA)
  • Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé d'étalonnage dans une machine de traitement d'éléments en plaque, ainsi qu'une machine de traitement d'éléments en plaque mettant en oeuvre ledit procédé.The subject of the present invention is a calibration method in a plate element processing machine, as well as a plate element processing machine implementing said method.

De telles machines sont utilisées notamment dans l'industrie de l'impression et de l'emballage, par exemple pour la confection de boîtes en carton à partir d'éléments en plaque telles que des feuilles de carton pré-imprimées. Dans une station d'introduction, ces feuilles sont retirées d'une pile située en amont de la machine, puis sont ensuite positionnées par un introducteur dans des barres de pinces montées à intervalles réguliers sur un train de chaînes sans fin subséquent. Ce dernier permet de transporter les feuilles dans les différentes stations de traitement ultérieures de la machine. Typiquement, de telles stations sont vouées au découpage des feuilles, à l'éjection des déchets de découpage et à la réception en pile de ces feuilles.Such machines are used in particular in the printing and packaging industry, for example for making cardboard boxes from plate elements such as pre-printed cardboard sheets. In an introduction station, these sheets are removed from a stack located upstream of the machine, and are then positioned by an introducer in gripper bars mounted at regular intervals on a subsequent endless chain train. The latter makes it possible to transport the sheets in the various subsequent processing stations of the machine. Typically, such stations are dedicated to the cutting of leaves, the ejection of cutting waste and the receipt in stack of these sheets.

Dans un défilement cadencé, le train de chaînes se déplace et s'arrête périodiquement de sorte que, durant chaque déplacement, toutes les barres de pinces en prise avec une feuille sont passées d'une station à la station aval adjacente. Si l'on désire obtenir une impression ou un façonnage de qualité, le positionnement des feuilles au sein des différentes stations successives est une opération primordiale. Dans le cas du découpage d'une feuille imprimée, on comprendra que le positionnement de la feuille dans la station de découpage doit être précis. En effet, il convient de veiller à ce que les outils servant au découpage, par exemple la forme à découper d'une presse à platine, soient en parfait registre avec l'impression qui a été faite au préalable sur la feuille.In a timed run, the train of chains moves and stops periodically so that during each move, all the gripper bars engaged with a sheet are moved from one station to the adjacent downstream station. If one wishes to obtain a printing or a shaping of quality, the positioning of the sheets within the different successive stations is a primordial operation. In the case of cutting a printed sheet, it will be understood that the positioning of the sheet in the cutting station must be precise. Indeed, it should be ensured that the tools used for cutting, for example the form of cutting a platen press, are in perfect register with the impression that has been made beforehand on the sheet.

Le brevet CH 690'470 décrit un dispositif pour assurer la qualité de la production d'une presse de fabrication d'emballages. Pour ce faire, ce dispositif comprend une caméra destinée à la lecture, d'une part de marques de repérage liées à l'impression, et d'autre part d'une marque destinée au repérage de la position du découpage. Ces marques de repérage sont disposées sur le déchet frontal de la feuille maintenu par la barre de pinces. La marque de découpage est réalisée au moyen d'un perforateur solidaire des outils de coupe. Ce perforateur ménage un trou dans le déchet frontal de la feuille simultanément au découpage de cette dernière. Plus en aval, un autre dispositif permet de marquer les feuilles identifiées comme étant défectueuses par la caméra, à savoir celles qui présentent un décalage hors tolérance entre l'impression et le découpage.The patent CH 690'470 describes a device for ensuring the quality of the production of a packaging manufacturing press. To do this, this device comprises a camera for reading, on the one hand registration marks related to printing, and on the other hand a mark for locating the position of the cutting. These registration marks are arranged on the front waste of the sheet held by the clip bar. The cutting mark is made by means of a perforator integral with the cutting tools. This perforator provides a hole in the front waste of the sheet simultaneously with the cutting of the latter. Further downstream, another device makes it possible to mark the sheets identified as defective by the camera, namely those which have an off-tolerance offset between printing and cutting.

Le brevet EP 1'044'908 se rapporte à un dispositif et à un procédé de positionnement d'éléments en plaque dans une station d'introduction. A partir d'une tablette sise en une position arrière de départ, ce procédé consiste à enclencher des moyens de fixation d'un élément en plaque sur la tablette, puis à commander des actuateurs pour permettre son déplacement vers l'avant en fonction de la position de l'élément en plaque sur la tablette. De ce fait, le bord frontal de l'élément en plaque est amené, arrêté puis lâché dans une position prédéterminée dans les pinces de la barre de pinces du dispositif de transport avant que la tablette n'ait été finalement ramenée en position de départ. Afin de pouvoir déplacer la tablette vers l'avant, si nécessaire latéralement ou obliquement, d'une quantité adéquate, des moyens optoélectroniques lisent les coordonnées de la position de l'élément en plaque et calculent le déplacement nécessaire pour pouvoir le positionner au mieux dans la barre de pinces.The patent EP 1'044'908 relates to a device and method for positioning plate elements in an introduction station. Starting from a tablet located in a starting rear position, this method consists in switching on means for fixing a plate element on the tablet, and then controlling actuators to enable its forward displacement as a function of the position of the plate element on the tablet. As a result, the front edge of the plate member is brought, stopped and released into a predetermined position in the clamps of the gripper bar of the transport device before the shelf has finally been returned to the starting position. In order to be able to move the tablet forward, if necessary laterally or obliquely, by an adequate quantity, optoelectronic means read the coordinates of the position of the plate element and calculate the displacement necessary to position it at best in the clip bar.

On appelle travail le traitement d'un lot d'éléments en plaque identiques, c'est-à-dire de mêmes dimensions, composés du même matériau et portant les mêmes impressions. Lorsque l'opérateur effectue un nouveau travail sur la machine, il commence par étalonner les capteurs qui servent à détecter les différentes marques de repérage imprimées sur les éléments en plaque. Cette opération nécessite une expertise de l'opérateur, prend du temps et consomme des éléments en plaque pour procéder aux différents essais jusqu'à l'obtention d'un résultat acceptable.It is called work processing a batch of identical plate elements, that is to say of the same dimensions, composed of the same material and bearing the same impressions. When the operator does a new job on the machine, he starts by calibrating the sensors that are used to detect the different registration marks printed on the plate elements. This operation requires the expertise of the operator, takes time and consumes plate elements to proceed with the various tests until an acceptable result is obtained.

Le but de la présente invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients précités de façon à réduire le temps de mise en route des nouveaux travaux, la consommation des éléments en plaque lors de cette mise en route, et à améliorer la qualité obtenue.The object of the present invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks so as to reduce the start-up time of new work, the consumption of plate elements during this start-up, and to improve the quality obtained.

A cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet un procédé d'étalonnage dans une machine de traitement, conformément à ce qu'énonce la revendication 1, et une machine de traitement d'élément en plaque mettant en oeuvre ce procédé conformément à ce qu'énonce la revendication 5To this end, the subject of the present invention is a calibration method in a processing machine, as claimed in claim 1, and a plate element processing machine implementing this method in accordance with the present invention. states claim 5

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'étude de modes de réalisation pris à titre nullement limitatif et illustrés par les figures annexées dans lesquelles:

  • La figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'un premier type de machine de traitement au sein de laquelle défilent des éléments en plaque transportés par des barres de pinces.
  • La figure 2 est une vue schématique en plan du bord frontal d'un élément en plaque en déplacement en direction d'une barre de pinces en vue d'être saisi par cette dernière.
  • Les figures 3 et 4 sont des représentations schématiques d'un second type de machine de traitement au sein de laquelle défilent des éléments en plaque transportés par des barres de pinces.
The invention will be better understood from the study of embodiments taken in no way limiting and illustrated by the appended figures in which:
  • The figure 1 is a schematic representation of a first type of processing machine in which plate elements carried by gripper bars run past.
  • The figure 2 is a schematic plan view of the front edge of a plate member moving in the direction of a clip bar for gripping by the latter.
  • The Figures 3 and 4 are diagrammatic representations of a second type of processing machine in which plate elements transported by gripper bars pass.

Afin d'éviter toute confusion dans la description qui va suivre, on définira les termes amont et aval en référence au sens de déplacement des éléments en plaque, tel qu'illustré par la flèche D dans la figure 2. Ces éléments se déplacent d'amont en aval, en suivant généralement l'axe principal X de la machine, dans un mouvement cadencé par des arrêts périodiques. Aussi, on précisera que les adjectifs longitudinal et latéral se définissent par rapport à cet axe principal X. Les termes éléments en plaque et feuilles seront considérés comme équivalents, et concerneront aussi bien des éléments composé de carton ondulé que de carton plat ou de toute autre matière utilisée couramment dans l'industrie de l'emballage.In order to avoid any confusion in the description which follows, the terms upstream and downstream will be defined with reference to the direction of movement of the plate elements, as illustrated by the arrow D in FIG. figure 2 . These elements move from upstream to downstream, generally following the main axis X of the machine, in a movement clocked by periodic stops. Also, it will be specified that the adjectives longitudinal and lateral are defined with respect to this main axis X. The terms plate elements and sheets will be considered as equivalent, and will concern both elements made of corrugated cardboard that of cardboard or any other material commonly used in the packaging industry.

La figure 1 montre une vue d'ensemble schématique d'une machine de traitement 1 au sein de laquelle le procédé de la présente invention peut être appliqué. Cette machine comprend une suite de stations de traitement, parmi lesquelles on trouvera typiquement une station d'introduction 2 suivie d'une station de découpage 3, d'une station d'éjection des déchets 4 et d'une station de réception 5. Le nombre et le genre de stations de traitement pouvant varier en fonction de la complexité des opérations de façonnage à effectuer sur des éléments en plaque 10.The figure 1 shows a schematic overview of a processing machine 1 in which the method of the present invention can be applied. This machine comprises a series of processing stations, among which there will typically be an introduction station 2 followed by a cutting station 3, a waste ejection station 4 and a receiving station 5. The number and kind of treatment stations that can vary according to the complexity of the shaping operations to be performed on plate elements 10.

Dans la station d'introduction 2, ces éléments en plaque sont disposés en une pile 11, laquelle prend appui notamment contre une jauge 6 faisant également office de butée frontale pour ces éléments. Grâce à l'interstice laissé au bas de la jauge 6, ces éléments peuvent être retirés un à un du bas d'une pile 11 au moyen d'un introducteur 20. Ce dispositif va permettre d'introduire chacun d'eux dans un organe de préhension 31 d'un transporteur 30, comme mieux visible dans la figure 2. Ce transporteur est généralement constitué d'un train de chaînes 32, entre les chaînes duquel sont agencées une pluralité de barres de pinces, chacune faisant office d'organe de préhension 30 pour l'élément en plaque 10.In the introduction station 2, these plate elements are arranged in a stack 11, which is supported in particular against a gauge 6 also acting as a front stop for these elements. Thanks to the gap left at the bottom of the gauge 6, these elements can be removed one by one from the bottom of a stack 11 by means of an introducer 20. This device will allow to introduce each of them in an organ for gripping 31 of a conveyor 30, as best seen in the figure 2 . This transporter generally consists of a chain train 32, between the chains of which are arranged a a plurality of gripper bars each acting as a gripping member 30 for the plate member 10.

Le train de chaînes 32 se déplace et s'arrête périodiquement de sorte que durant un déplacement, chaque organe de préhension 31 est passé d'une station à la station aval adjacente. La position des arrêts des organes de préhension est dictée par un déplacement du train de chaînes d'une distance constante. Cette distance correspond au pas théorique de ces organes sur le train de chaînes. Les stations de traitement 2, 3, 4 et 5 sont fixes et distancées de ce même pas de sorte qu'à chaque arrêt, les organes de préhension 31 se stoppent en repérage avec les outils de ces stations. Un tel type de machine est le plus souvent utilisé pour traiter des éléments en plaque de carton ondulé.The chain train 32 moves and stops periodically so that during a movement, each gripper 31 has moved from one station to the adjacent downstream station. The position of the stops of the gripping members is dictated by a movement of the chain train a constant distance. This distance corresponds to the theoretical pitch of these organs on the train of chains. Treatment stations 2, 3, 4 and 5 are fixed and spaced apart by this same step so that at each stop, the gripping members 31 stop in tracking with the tools of these stations. Such a type of machine is most often used to treat corrugated board elements.

La figure 2 représente, dans une vue schématique de dessus, une portion aval d'un élément en plaque 10 en déplacement en direction d'une barre de pinces par l'introducteur 20. Dans l'exemple de machine de traitement représenté sur la Figure 2, l'introducteur 20 est muni d'un dispositif de fixation 21 constitué d'une plaque à ventouses. Ce dispositif de fixation 21 permet d'aspirer l'élément en plaque du bas de la pile 11 et de le rendre ainsi solidaire de l'introducteur 20, lequel va faire glisser l'élément en plaque 10 sous la jauge 6 et l'amener dans une position déterminée en prise avec les pinces de l'organe de préhension 31. La trajectoire de l'introducteur 20 dépend de la position initiale de l'élément en plaque 10 au bas de la pile. Cette position est mesurée par des premiers capteurs 7, situés directement en aval de la jauge 6 (figure 1). De préférence, on disposera une paire de ces capteurs au-dessus du plan de passage des éléments en plaque et une autre au-dessous. Grâce à cet agencement, il devient possible de lire des marques imprimées 12 (figure 2) permettant le repérage d'une impression réalisée soit au recto, soit au verso de l'élément en plaque. De telles marques de repérage 12 sont généralement apposées sur sa partie frontale, à savoir sur le déchet frontal utile à la prise de l'élément en plaque par l'organe de préhension, mais peuvent également être apposées sur la partie latérale de l'élément en plaque 10, notamment pour mesurer la position latérale de l'élément en plaque, afin d'effectuer un alignement latéral. Les capteurs 7 mesurent l'intensité de la lumière réfléchie par la surface de l'élément en plaque 10 lorsqu'elle est éclairée par un dispositif d'éclairage, dans une zone prédéterminée dans laquelle se trouve les marques de repérage. Un traitement du signal obtenu permet alors de calculer la position de la marque de repérage. Pour des raisons d'encombrement, le dispositif d'éclairage est parfois intégré dans le capteur 7 sans que cela ne soit une nécessité. Dans l'exemple de réalisation de la Figure 2, les capteurs 7 intègrent les dispositifs d'éclairage.The figure 2 represents, in a schematic view from above, a downstream portion of a plate member 10 moving in the direction of a gripper bar by the introducer 20. In the example of a processing machine shown in FIG. Figure 2 , the introducer 20 is provided with a fastening device 21 consisting of a suction pad. This fixing device 21 makes it possible to suck up the plate element from the bottom of the stack 11 and thus to make it integral with the introducer 20, which will slide the plate element 10 under the gauge 6 and bring it in a specific position engaged with the gripper clamps 31. The trajectory of the introducer 20 depends on the initial position of the plate member 10 at the bottom of the stack. This position is measured by first sensors 7 located directly downstream of the gauge 6 ( figure 1 ). Preferably, there will be a pair of these sensors above the plane of passage of the plate elements and another below. Thanks to this arrangement, it becomes possible to read printed marks 12 ( figure 2 ) allowing the identification of an impression made either on the front or the back of the plate element. Such registration marks 12 are generally affixed on its front part, namely on the frontal waste useful for the gripping of the plate element by the gripping member, but may also be affixed to the lateral part of the plate element 10, in particular for measuring the lateral position of the plate element, in order to perform a lateral alignment. The sensors 7 measure the intensity of light reflected from the surface of the plate member 10 when illuminated by a lighting device, in a predetermined area in which the registration marks are located. A signal processing obtained then makes it possible to calculate the position of the registration mark. For reasons of space, the lighting device is sometimes integrated in the sensor 7 without this being a necessity. In the exemplary embodiment of the Figure 2 the sensors 7 integrate the lighting devices.

Dès que les mesures sont effectuées par lesdits premiers capteurs 7, ces mesures sont immédiatement transmises à une unité de contrôle 40 pour le calcul de la position des marques de repérages et de la trajectoire de l'introducteur 20. Connaissant la position théorique d'arrêt de l'organe de préhension 31 dans la station d'introduction, l'unité de contrôle est capable de calculer les valeurs des paramètres du déplacement (latéral, longitudinal ou de travers) de l'introducteur 20, de façon à ce que ce dernier amène correctement l'élément en plaque qu'il transporte dans l'organe de préhension, en fonction de sa position initiale de départ. Ces calculs sont effectués par l'unité de contrôle 40 qui pilote également l'introducteur 20.As soon as the measurements are made by said first sensors 7, these measurements are immediately transmitted to a control unit 40 for calculating the position of the marking marks and the trajectory of the introducer 20. Knowing the theoretical stopping position of the gripping member 31 in the insertion station, the control unit is capable of calculating the values of the displacement parameters (lateral, longitudinal or transverse) of the introducer 20, so that the latter correctly conveys the plate element which it carries in the gripping member, according to its initial starting position. These calculations are performed by the control unit 40 which also controls the introducer 20.

L'élément en plaque 10 va ensuite être transporté par l'organe de préhension 31 dans la station de découpage 3, où il sera découpé selon une matrice correspondant à la forme développée que l'on souhaite obtenir, par exemple en vue d'obtenir une pluralité de boîtes d'une forme donnée. Dans cette station, ou dans une ou plusieurs stations ultérieures, peuvent également être effectuées d'autres opérations telles que le refoulage de lignes de pliage, le gaufrage de certaines surfaces et/ou la dépose de motifs à partir de bandes métallisées par exemple.The plate member 10 will then be transported by the gripping member 31 in the cutting station 3, where it will be cut into a die corresponding to the desired shape, for example in order to obtain a plurality of boxes of a given form. In this station, or in one or more subsequent stations, can also be performed other operations such as creasing fold lines, embossing some surfaces and / or the removal of patterns from metallized strips for example.

La figure 3 représente un autre exemple de presse à découper connue à ce jour dans laquelle les éléments en plaque 10 à travailler sont des feuilles prises du dessus d'une pile 11, disposées sous forme de nappe puis transportées sur une table de marge avant d'être introduites dans les pinces 31 des organes de transport 30 de la station de découpage de la presse. Ainsi le document EP1170228 décrit un exemple de dispositif d'alimentation feuille à feuille pour la mise en nappe; et le document EP0680906 décrit un exemple d'organe de transport de la station de découpage de la presse, utilisant des barres de pince.The figure 3 represents another example of a cutting press known to date in which the plate elements 10 to be worked are sheets taken from above a stack 11, arranged in the form of a sheet and then transported on a margin table before being introduced in the clamps 31 of the transport members 30 of the cutting station of the press. So the document EP1170228 discloses an example of a sheet feeder for tableting; and the document EP0680906 describes an example of a transport member of the cutting station of the press, using clamp bars.

Les dispositifs de mise en nappe des feuilles et de cheminement de la nappe sont représentés plus en détail sur la figure 4. La pile 11 est débitée en nappe par le groupe suceur 50, le sommet de la pile 11 étant maintenu à un niveau constant grâce au levage du plateau porte-pile 51 entraîné par un moteur 52. La feuille sur le dessus de la pile 11 est saisie par l'arrière puis poussée vers l'avant par le groupe suceur 50, de façon à former la nappe, la partie avant de la feuille 10 venant se glisser sous la feuille précédente.The devices for tableclothing the sheets and for routing the sheet are shown in greater detail on the figure 4 . The stack 11 is web-fed by the squeegee group 50, the top of the stack 11 being held at a constant level by lifting the battery tray 51 driven by a motor 52. The sheet on the top of the stack 11 is grasped by the rear and then pushed forward by the suction group 50, so as to form the web, the front portion of the sheet 10 slipping under the previous sheet.

Les feuilles de la nappe sont précisément positionnées longitudinalement et latéralement par un dispositif de positionnement 60 qui a un fonctionnement semblable à celui de l'introducteur 20 de la machine de traitement représentée sur les figures 1 et 2. Le document EP 1044908 décrit un exemple de dispositif de positionnement des feuilles dont est constituée la nappe 3. Comme décrit dans ce document, le positionnement intervient à l'extrémité de la table de marge la plus proche des organes de transport 5 de la station de découpe, en utilisant un système sophistiqué qui ne nécessite pas l'arrêt des feuilles. Le dispositif de positionnement 60 comprend une tablette munie d'un dispositif de fixation comportant des pinces, dont la fonction identique à celle de la plaque à aspiration 21 de l'introducteur 20 représenté sur la figure 2, est de rendre un élément en plaque 10 solidaire de la tablette, afin de le transporter dans l'organe de préhension 31, en fonction de sa position initiale de départ d'une façon similaire à celle décrite précédemment. Ainsi des capteurs mesurent l'intensité lumineuse réfléchie, ce qui permet de calculer la position des marques de repérage et le déplacement que doit effectuer la tablette du dispositif de positionnement afin de placer correctement le bord aval de l'élément en plaque dans l'organe de préhension 31. Ce type de presse est le plus souvent utilisé lorsque les éléments en plaque 10 sont des feuilles de carton plat.The sheets of the sheet are precisely positioned longitudinally and laterally by a positioning device 60 which has a similar operation to that of the introducer 20 of the treatment machine shown on the figures 1 and 2 . The document EP 1044908 describes an example of sheet positioning device which is constituted by the web 3. As described in this document, positioning occurs at the end of the margin table closest to the transport members 5 of the cutting station, using a sophisticated system that does not require the leaves to stop. The positioning device 60 comprises a tablet provided with a fastening device comprising clamps, whose function identical to that of the suction plate 21 of the introducer 20 shown in FIG. figure 2 , is to make a plate element 10 integral with the tablet, to transport it in the gripping member 31, according to its initial starting position in a manner similar to that described above. Thus, sensors measure the reflected light intensity, which makes it possible to calculate the position of the registration marks and the movement that the tablet of the positioning device must make in order to correctly place the downstream edge of the plate element in the organ. This type of press is most often used when the plate elements 10 are sheets of cardboard.

De nombreux types de matériaux en plaques, présentant des caractéristiques très différentes, sont utilisés dans l'industrie de l'emballage. Par exemple la surface de certains matériaux peut être très réfléchissante, alors que d'autres matériaux seront transparents. Les teintes des matériaux peuvent varier du blanc au noir mat, et les impressions de plus en plus élaborées sont apposées sur leurs surfaces. Quels que soient le type de matériau de l'élément en plaque 10 et l'impression qu'il supporte, la détection des marques de repérage 12 doit être parfaite, afin que les traitements effectués par la machine soient en registre avec les impressions présentes sur l'élément en plaque 10.Many types of plate materials with very different characteristics are used in the packaging industry. For example the surface of some materials can be very reflective, while other materials will be transparent. The colors of the materials may vary from white to matte black, and more and more elaborate prints are affixed to their surfaces. Whatever the type of material of the plate element 10 and the impression that it supports, the detection of the registration marks 12 must be perfect, so that the treatments performed by the machine are in register with the prints present on the plate element 10.

La présente invention a donc pour but d'assurer une détection optimale des marques de repérage 12 imprimées sur les matériaux en plaque, tout en réduisant le temps de mise en route d'un nouveau travail et la quantité de déchets produits lors de cette mise en route, en proposant un procédé d'étalonnage au sein d'une une machine de traitement d'éléments en plaque qui sera utilisé lors de la mise en route de la machine pour un nouveau travail, et une machine de traitement d'éléments en plaque apte à mettre en oeuvre ce procédé d'étalonnage. Dans la description détaillée qui va suivre d'exemples de mise en oeuvre de l'invention le terme introducteur sera utilisé pour désigner un dispositif dont la fonction est d'introduire le bord aval d'un élément en plaque 10 dans l'organe de préhension 31. Un tel dispositif correspond à l'introducteur 20 représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, ou au dispositif de positionnement 60 représenté sur la figure 3 et détaillé dans le document EP1044908 . L'introducteur est muni d'un dispositif de fixation qui permet de rendre l'élément en plaque solidaire 10 de l'introducteur. Les exemples précédents ont montré que le dispositif de fixation pouvait prendre des formes différentes, comme celle d'une plaque à aspiration 21 représentée sur la figure 2, ou bien celle de pinces.The present invention therefore aims to ensure optimal detection of the registration marks 12 printed on the plate materials, while reducing the time to start a new job and the amount of waste produced during this implementation. route, offering a calibration method in a plate element processing machine that will be used when starting the machine for a new job, and a plate processing machine capable of implementing this calibration process. In the following detailed description of examples of implementation of the invention the term introducer will be used to designate a device whose function is to introduce the downstream edge of a plate member into the gripping member. 31. Such a device corresponds to the introducer 20 represented on the figures 1 and 2 , or to the positioning device 60 shown in the figure 3 and detailed in the document EP1044908 . The introducer is provided with a fixing device which makes it possible to make the plate element integral with the introducer. The preceding examples have shown that the fixing device could take different forms, such as that of a suction plate 21 shown on the drawing. figure 2 , or that of pliers.

Pour la suite de la description, la terminologie et la numérotation des éléments seront celles des figures 1 et 2. Seul l'étalonnage pour la détection d'une marque de repérage sera décrit, étant entendu que dans le cas où plusieurs marques de repérages sont imprimées, le procédé est effectué pour chacune des marques de repérage, simultanément ou successivement. On entend par marque tout traitement de surface appliqué dans le but d'obtenir une variation franche d'intensité lumineuse réfléchie.For the rest of the description, the terminology and the numbering of the elements will be those of the figures 1 and 2 . Only the calibration for detecting a registration mark will be described, it being understood that in the case where several registration marks are printed, the process is carried out for each of the registration marks, simultaneously or successively. Mark means any surface treatment applied in order to obtain a clear variation of reflected light intensity.

Lors d'une première étape du procédé objet de l'invention, le dispositif de fixation 21 saisit un élément en plaque 10 pour le rendre solidaire de l'introducteur 20. La façon dont cet élément en plaque 10 est sélectionné parmi le lot qui doit être traité n'a pas d'importance : la sélection peut être automatique à partir d'une pile d'éléments en plaque, ou bien manuelle.In a first step of the method which is the subject of the invention, the fastening device 21 grasps a plate element 10 to make it integral with the introducer 20. The manner in which this plate element 10 is selected from the batch which must to be treated does not matter: the selection can be automatic from a stack of plate elements, or manually.

Dans une seconde étape du procédé, l'unité de contrôle 40 imprime à l'introducteur 20 un mouvement de va et vient, pendant que l'élément en plaque 10 sélectionné lors de l'étape précédente est rendu solidaire de l'introducteur 20 par le dispositif de fixation 21.In a second step of the method, the control unit 40 prints the introducer 20 back and forth movement, while the plate element 10 selected in the previous step is secured to the introducer 20 by the fastening device 21.

Simultanément, l'unité de contrôle 40 pilote le dispositif d'éclairage et le capteur 7 afin que la région de l'élément en plaque portant la marque de repérage 12 soit éclairée par le dispositif d'éclairage, avec un éclairage différent pour chaque mouvement de va et vient effectué par l'introducteur 20 ; et afin que l'intensité lumineuse réfléchie soit mesurée par le capteur 7. Les mesures effectuées par le capteur 7 sont transmises à l'unité de contrôle 40 de la machine, et forment ainsi une succession de mesures qui correspond à la succession des va et vient effectués par l'introducteur 20.Simultaneously, the control unit 40 controls the lighting device and the sensor 7 so that the region of the plate element bearing the registration mark 12 is illuminated by the lighting device, with a different illumination for each movement. back and forth performed by the introducer 20; and so that the reflected light intensity is measured by the sensor 7. The measurements made by the sensor 7 are transmitted to the control unit 40 of the machine, and thus form a succession of measurements which corresponds to the succession of va and comes by the introducer 20.

Dans une dernière étape l'unité de contrôle 40 détermine, sur la base de la succession de mesures obtenue lors de l'étape précédente, les paramètres d'éclairage qui seront utilisés pour l'ensemble du lot d'éléments en plaque, c'est-à-dire pour le travail considéré. Cette détermination met en oeuvre des techniques classiques de traitement du signal, qui permettent d'analyser la qualité de la détection pour chaque mesure effectuée par le capteur 7, et donc pour chaque éclairage correspondant.In a last step, the control unit 40 determines, on the basis of the succession of measurements obtained in the previous step, the lighting parameters that will be used for the whole batch of plate elements, ie that is to say for the work in question. This determination implements conventional signal processing techniques, which make it possible to analyze the quality of the detection for each measurement made by the sensor 7, and therefore for each corresponding illumination.

Conformément à un mode de mise en oeuvre préféré de l'invention, l'un des paramètres d'éclairage concerne la sélection ente un éclairage direct et un éclairage indirect Un éclairage est considéré comme direct lorsqu'il est sensiblement perpendiculaire à la surface de l'élément en plaque, et comme indirect lorsqu'il présente un angle d'incidence avec la surface.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, one of the lighting parameters relates to the selection of direct lighting and indirect lighting. Lighting is considered to be direct when it is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the light. plate element, and as indirect when it has an angle of incidence with the surface.

La figure 5 représente différents exemples d'éclairage. Ainsi, un éclairage indirect d'intensité moyenne référencé 5a est particulièrement adapté pour les travaux concernant des éléments en plaque dont les surfaces sont diffusantes et claires, ce qui est généralement le cas. Néanmoins un éclairage indirect de forte intensité référencé 5b est particulièrement adapté pour une surface diffusante foncée, un éclairage direct de faible intensité référencé 5c est particulièrement adapté pour des éléments en plaque composés d'un matériau dont la surface est réfléchissante, et un éclairage direct de forte intensité référencé 5d est particulièrement adapté pour un matériau transparent. Le procédé selon l'invention procure ainsi une excellente qualité de détection des marques de repérage, quel que soit le type de matériau.The figure 5 represents different examples of lighting. Thus, an indirect light of average intensity referenced 5a is particularly suitable for work on plate elements whose surfaces are diffusing and clear, which is generally the case. Nevertheless, a high intensity indirect light referenced 5b is particularly suitable for a dark diffusing surface, a low intensity direct light referenced 5c is particularly suitable for plate elements composed of a material whose surface is reflective, and a direct illumination of High intensity referenced 5d is particularly suitable for a transparent material. The method according to the invention thus provides an excellent quality of detection of registration marks, regardless of the type of material.

Une pluralité de mesures peut optionnellement être effectuée pour chaque type d'éclairage, direct ou indirect, avec différents niveaux d'intensité lumineuse.A plurality of measurements may optionally be performed for each type of lighting, direct or indirect, with different levels of light intensity.

Avantageusement, pour un même type d'éclairage, des couleurs distinctes réfléchies sont mesurées lors de différents va et vient, de façon à adapter l'éclairage non seulement aux caractéristiques du matériau de l'élément en plaque mais également à celles des impressions portées par sa surface. Ce mode de réalisation peut par exemple consister à utiliser une pluralité de capteurs 7, mesurant chacun l'intensité lumineuse réfléchie dans un spectre différent, typiquement le rouge, le vert et le bleu. Les paramètres d'éclairage comprennent alors un paramètre d'intensité lumineuse pour chacune des sources.Advantageously, for the same type of lighting, different reflected colors are measured during different back and forth, so as to adapt the lighting not only to the characteristics of the material of the plate element but also to those of the impressions carried by its surface. This embodiment may for example consist in using a plurality of sensors 7, each measuring the reflected light intensity in a different spectrum, typically red, green and blue. The lighting parameters then comprise a light intensity parameter for each of the sources.

Dans un mode de réalisation préférentiel, plusieurs sources lumineuses de couleurs différentes sont utilisées pour chaque type d'éclairage, direct et indirect. Afin de limiter le nombre de va et vient effectués par l'introducteur 20, le type de matériau dont est composé l'élément en plaque 10 peut être optionnellement indiqué par l'opérateur de la machine, de façon à déterminer directement le type d'éclairage utilisé par le dispositif d'éclairage 7 et un ordre de grandeur de l'intensité lumineuse, comme par exemple le représente la figure 5.In a preferred embodiment, several light sources of different colors are used for each type of lighting, direct and indirect. In order to limit the number of back and forth made by the introducer 20, the type of material of which the plate element 10 is composed may be optionally indicated by the operator of the machine, so as to directly determine the type of lighting used by the lighting device 7 and an order of magnitude of the light intensity, as for example represents the figure 5 .

Une fois ce processus d'étalonnage effectué, les paramètres d'éclairage déterminés seront utilisés pour toute la durée du travail considéré. Le procédé selon l'invention permet d'obtenir de façon extrêmement rapide une excellente qualité de détection des marques de repérages, quel que soit le type de matériau dont sont constitués les éléments en plaque et les impressions qu'ils supportent, en réduisant au minimum la consommation de matériau en plaque.Once this calibration process has been performed, the lighting parameters determined will be used for the entire duration of the work under consideration. The method according to the invention makes it possible extremely rapidly to obtain an excellent quality of detection of the marking marks, whatever the type of material of which the plate elements and the impressions they support are made, while minimizing the consumption of plate material.

Une machine de traitement en plaque conforme à l'invention comportera donc de façon classique un introducteur 20 muni d'un dispositif de fixation 21. L'introducteur 20 permet de positionner ces éléments en plaque 10 dans une pluralité d'organes de préhension 31 d'un transporteur 30, qui les transporte en défilement cadencé dans des stations successives. De façon classique également, une machine de traitement selon l'invention comportera au moins un dispositif d'éclairage de type LED placé de façon à éclairer une marque de repérage 12 imprimée sur un élément en plaque 10 lorsque ce dernier est rendu solidaire de l'introducteur 20 par le dispositif de fixation 21 ; et au moins un capteur 7 qui mesure l'intensité lumineuse réfléchie par la surface de l'élément en plaque lorsqu'elle est éclairée par le dispositif d'éclairage. La machine de traitement conforme à l'invention comprend également une unité de contrôle 40, de type micro-processeur ou micro-contrôleur, qui pilote l'introducteur 20, le dispositif d'éclairage et le capteur 7, et qui reçoit les mesures effectuées par le capteur 7.A plate processing machine according to the invention will therefore conventionally comprise an introducer 20 provided with a fastening device 21. The introducer 20 makes it possible to position these plate elements 10 in a plurality of gripping members 31. a transporter 30, which transports them in running time in successive stations. In a conventional manner also, a processing machine according to the invention will comprise at least one LED lighting device placed so as to illuminate a registration mark 12 printed on a plate element 10 when the latter is made integral with the introducer 20 by the fixing device 21; and at least one sensor 7 which measures the light intensity reflected by the surface of the plate member when illuminated by the lighting device. The processing machine according to the invention also comprises a control unit 40, of the microprocessor or microcontroller type, which controls the introducer 20, the lighting device and the sensor 7, and which receives the measurements made. by the sensor 7.

Selon l'invention, le dispositif d'éclairage est du type apte à générer différents éclairages, c'est-à-dire qu'il est capable de générer un éclairage sélectionné parmi un ensemble d'éclairages possibles, en fonction de paramètres d'éclairage qui lui sont transmis. L'introducteur 20 est apte à effectuer un va et vient lorsqu'un élément en plaque est maintenu par le dispositif de fixation. Lors de l'étalonnage pour un nouveau travail, l'unité de contrôle 40 pilote l'introducteur 20, le dispositif d'éclairage et le capteur 7, de telle sorte que l'introducteur 20 effectue une succession de va et vient, alors qu'un élément en plaque 10 est maintenu par le dispositif de fixation 21. Ainsi, la marque de repérage 12 imprimée à la surface de l'élément en plaque 10 est soumise à un éclairage lors de chaque mouvement de va et vient, et le capteur 7 mesure pour chaque va et vient l'intensité lumineuse réfléchie. L'unité de contrôle 40 reçoit les mesures effectuées par le capteur 7, qui constituent une succession de mesures correspondant à la succession de va et vient effectuée par l'introducteur 20.According to the invention, the lighting device is of the type capable of generating different lighting, that is to say that it is capable of generating a selected lighting from a set of possible lighting, according to parameters of lighting transmitted to it. The introducer 20 is able to move back and forth when a plate member is held by the fastener. When calibrating for a new job, the control unit 40 controls the introducer 20, the lighting device and the sensor 7, so that the introducer 20 performs a succession of comings and goings, while a plate member 10 is held by the fastener 21. Thus, the registration mark 12 printed on the surface of the plate member 10 is illuminated during each back and forth movement, and the sensor 7 measure for each back and forth the reflected light intensity. The control unit 40 receives the measurements made by the sensor 7, which constitute a succession of measurements corresponding to the succession of back and forth performed by the introducer 20.

Conformément à l'invention, l'unité de contrôle 40 pilote le dispositif d'éclairage de telle sorte qu'un éclairage différent est appliqué sur la surface de l'élément en plaque 10 lors de chaque va et vient effectué par l'introducteur 20 pendant l'étalonnage. Puis l'unité de contrôle 40, à partir de la succession de mesures réalisées par le capteur 7, détermine les paramètres d'éclairage qui seront utilisés pour le travail, c'est-à-dire pour le traitement de l'ensemble des éléments en plaque 10 constituant le lot.According to the invention, the control unit 40 controls the lighting device so that a different illumination is applied to the surface of the plate element 10 during each back and forth performed by the introducer 20 during calibration. Then the control unit 40, from the succession of measurements made by the sensor 7, determines the lighting parameters that will be used for the work, that is to say for the treatment of all the elements in plate 10 constituting the batch.

Avantageusement, le dispositif d'éclairage permet d'effectuer un éclairage direct, c'est-à-dire selon une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à la surface de l'élément en plaque 10 transporté par l'introducteur 20, et un éclairage indirect, c'est-à-dire selon une direction présentant un angle d'incidence avec la surface du matériau en plaque, et l'unité de contrôle 40 pilote le dispositif d'éclairage en contrôlant quel type d'éclairage est utilisé : direct ou indirect. Le dispositif d'éclairage peut optionnellement comporter une source lumineuse distincte pour chaque type d'éclairage, direct et indirect.Advantageously, the lighting device makes it possible to carry out direct lighting, that is to say in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the plate element 10 transported by the introducer 20, and indirect lighting, c that is, in a direction having an angle of incidence with the surface of the plate material, and the control unit 40 controls the lighting device by controlling what kind of lighting is used: direct or indirect. The lighting device may optionally include a separate light source for each type of lighting, direct and indirect.

De façon préférentielle, le dispositif d'éclairage permet d'effectuer un éclairage de différentes couleurs ; par exemple en comportant une pluralité de sources lumineuses de différentes couleurs. L'unité de contrôle 40 peut avantageusement piloter le dispositif d'éclairage en déterminant l'intensité lumineuse de chaque source de couleur.Preferably, the lighting device makes it possible to carry out illumination of different colors; for example by having a plurality of light sources of different colors. The control unit 40 can advantageously control the lighting device by determining the light intensity of each color source.

La surface des éléments en plaque 10 supporte le plus souvent une pluralité de marques de repérage 12. La machine de traitement dispose alors des dispositifs d'éclairage et les capteurs 7 pour chaque marque de repérage. Ces dispositifs d'éclairage et ces capteurs 7 peuvent être identiques pour toutes les marques. Toutefois, afin de proposer une plus grande capacité de correction de l'erreur de positionnement latéral des éléments en plaque 10, on peut optionnellement utiliser des dispositifs d'éclairage et des capteurs 7 différents pour la ou les marques de repérage 12 prévues pour réaliser l'alignement latéral de l'élément en plaque 10 que pour la ou les marques de repérage 12 présentes sur le bord aval de l'élément en plaque 10. Par exemple pour la détection et la mesure de la position des marques de repérage imprimées sur le bord aval de l'élément en plaque 10, on peut avantageusement utiliser un dispositif d'éclairage comprenant une ou plusieurs sources lumineuses pour un éclairage direct et une ou plusieurs sources lumineuses pour un éclairage indirect avec un capteur 7 ; et pour la détection et la mesure de la position des marques de repérage latéral de l'élément en plaque 10, on peut avantageusement utiliser un dispositif d'éclairage de couleur multiple, par exemple le rouge le vert et le bleu, avec un capteur 7 sous forme de barrette, composée par exemple de 32 à 512 cellules monochromes, permettant de mesurer l'intensité lumineuse réfléchie sur un segment de droite.The surface of the plate elements 10 most often supports a plurality of registration marks 12. The processing machine then has lighting devices and the sensors 7 for each registration mark. These lighting devices and these sensors 7 may be identical for all brands. However, in order to propose a greater capacity for correcting the lateral positioning error of the plate elements 10, it is possible optionally to use different lighting devices and sensors 7 for the marking or marks 12 intended to produce the light. lateral alignment of the plate member 10 for the marking or marks 12 present on the downstream edge of the plate member 10. For example for detecting and measuring the position of the registration marks printed on the downstream edge of the plate member 10, it is advantageous to use a lighting device comprising one or more light sources for direct lighting and one or more light sources for indirect lighting with a sensor 7; and for detecting and measuring the position of the lateral registration marks of the plate member 10, a multiple color illumination device, for example red, green and blue, with a sensor 7 can be advantageously used. in the form of a bar, composed for example of 32 to 512 monochrome cells, for measuring the reflected light intensity on a line segment.

De façon préférentielle, le dispositif d'éclairage est intégré dans le boitier du capteur 7 correspondant, ce qui procure de nombreux avantages en terme d'encombrement, de facilité de montage et de réglage mécanique, mais également en terme de maintenance.Preferably, the lighting device is integrated in the corresponding sensor housing 7, which provides many advantages in terms of size, ease of assembly and mechanical adjustment, but also in terms of maintenance.

Claims (11)

  1. Calibration method for detecting a location mark (12) printed on plate elements (10) within a processing machine (1) comprising an introducer (20) for positioning these plate elements (10) into a plurality of gripping members (31) of a conveyor (30) which conveys them in rhythmical motion into successive stations (3, 4, 5), said introducer (20) being furnished with a fastening device (21), said introducer (20) being driven by a control unit (40) also driving at least one illuminating device and at least one sensor (7) characterized in that it consists in
    - selecting a plate element (10) from a batch of plate elements (10) to be processed,
    - activating the fastening device (21) in order to render said plate element (10) fixed to the introducer (20),
    - driving the introducer (20) so that it carries out a succession of back-and-forth movements with said plate element (10),
    - driving the illumination device and the sensor (7) so that, at the time of each back-and-forth movement:
    - the illumination device subjects the location mark (12) printed on said plate element (10) to a different illumination, and
    - the sensor (7) carries out a corresponding measurement, so as to obtain a succession of measurements,
    - determining, according to said succession of measurements obtained, the calibrated illumination parameters which will be used during the processing of the whole batch of plate elements (10).
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that one of the calibrated illumination parameters is the direct or indirect character of the illumination.
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one of the calibrated illumination parameters is the color of the illumination.
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the calibrated illumination parameters is the light intensity of the illumination.
  5. Machine for processing plate elements comprising
    - an introducer (20) furnished with a fastening device (21) in order to position these plate elements (10) in a plurality of gripping members (31) of a conveyor (30) which conveys said plate elements in rhythmical motion into successive stations (3, 4, 5);
    - at least one illumination device capable of illuminating a location mark (12) printed on a plate element (10) fastened to said introducer (20) by said fastening device (21);
    - at least one sensor (7) capable of measuring the light intensity reflected by the surface of the plate element (10);
    - a control unit (40) driving said introducer (20), said illumination device and said sensor (7) ; characterized in that
    - the illumination device is capable of generating different illuminations,
    - the control unit (40) is capable of
    - driving the introducer (20) so that it carries out a succession of back-and-forth movements with a plate element (10) fastened by the fastening device (21);
    - driving the illumination device in order to select an illumination,
    - determining a calibrated illumination based on a set of measurements made by the sensor (7).
  6. Machine for processing plate elements according to Claim 5, characterized in that the illumination device is capable of illuminating said location mark (12) directly or indirectly.
  7. Machine for processing plate elements according to Claim 6, characterized in that the illumination device comprises at least two sources of light, one capable of directly illuminating said location mark (12) and the other capable of indirectly illuminating said location mark (12).
  8. Machine for processing plate elements according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the illumination device is capable of illuminating said location mark (12) at different intensities.
  9. Machine for processing plate elements according to one of Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the illumination device is capable of illuminating said location mark (12) with different colors.
  10. Machine for processing plate elements according to Claim 9, characterized in that the illumination device comprises a plurality of sources of light.
  11. Machine for processing plate elements according to one of Claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the illumination device is incorporated into the sensor (7).
EP09760748.5A 2008-12-05 2009-11-20 Calibration method in a machine for processing elements in plates Active EP2356049B1 (en)

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PCT/EP2009/008284 WO2010063380A1 (en) 2008-12-05 2009-11-20 Method of calibration in a machine for processing plate-like items
EP09760748.5A EP2356049B1 (en) 2008-12-05 2009-11-20 Calibration method in a machine for processing elements in plates

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US8667658B2 (en) 2014-03-11
CN102239095B (en) 2014-09-24
JP2012510903A (en) 2012-05-17
TW201022037A (en) 2010-06-16
CN102239095A (en) 2011-11-09
ES2410565T3 (en) 2013-07-02
KR20110087345A (en) 2011-08-02
JP5442756B2 (en) 2014-03-12
TWI396627B (en) 2013-05-21

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