EP2354653B1 - Protection contre un retour de flamme pour un dispositif de chauffage à gaz - Google Patents

Protection contre un retour de flamme pour un dispositif de chauffage à gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2354653B1
EP2354653B1 EP10000265.8A EP10000265A EP2354653B1 EP 2354653 B1 EP2354653 B1 EP 2354653B1 EP 10000265 A EP10000265 A EP 10000265A EP 2354653 B1 EP2354653 B1 EP 2354653B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flame
thermocouple
voltage
flashback
safety
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10000265.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2354653A1 (fr
Inventor
Markus Jäger
Kai Armesto-Beyer
Elmar Ströhle
Josef Brandtner
Uwe Armbruster
Peter Wickelmaier
Michael Fechner
Uwe Wöllert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Truma Geraetetechnik GmbH and Co KG
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Truma Geraetetechnik GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Truma Geraetetechnik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Truma Geraetetechnik GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP10000265.8A priority Critical patent/EP2354653B1/fr
Publication of EP2354653A1 publication Critical patent/EP2354653A1/fr
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Publication of EP2354653B1 publication Critical patent/EP2354653B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/82—Preventing flashback or blowback
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
    • F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2231/00—Fail safe
    • F23N2231/28—Fail safe preventing flash-back or blow-back
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heater with a back burner.
  • Heaters in particular gas heaters for mobile devices such as campers, caravans, boats and cabs are known.
  • a heating device has a combustion chamber with a combustion air inlet and a flue gas outlet.
  • a burner device in particular for gaseous media, is provided in the lower region of the combustion chamber.
  • the fuel gas flows with a certain intrinsic pressure in the burner device and is burned there with the incoming combustion air. Due to the rising and to Rauchgasauslass, for example, a chimney, flowing flue gases creates a negative pressure, which sucks more combustion air from the environment.
  • the combustion air supply can be assisted by a blower.
  • the burner device usually has a main burner and a pilot burner, wherein both burners each have their own fuel gas supply.
  • the pilot burner is ignited once when starting the system and then burns usually with a small flame permanently.
  • the main burner can be switched on and off at any heat demand by opening and closing the fuel gas supply, without the need for an independent ignition. Rather, the fuel gas flowing out of the main burner ignites directly at the ignition flame of the pilot burner.
  • devices are also known which do not have a pilot burner, such as e.g. modulating burners or burners where only the main burner can be switched on and off.
  • thermocouple In order to prevent unburned combustion gas from escaping unrecognized in the event of undesired extinguishment of the flame, a thermocouple is provided in the area of the pilot burner.
  • the thermocouple is heated by the ignition flame of the pilot burner, thereby generating a current. This current is sufficient to hold a spring-loaded solenoid valve against the action of the spring in the open position, wherein the solenoid valve is disposed in the fuel gas supply of the pilot burner and the main burner.
  • the thermocouple can no longer generate electricity, so that the solenoid valve automatically moves into the closed position and interrupts the fuel gas supply to the main and pilot burners. As a result, no fuel gas can escape if the ignition flame does not burn.
  • the operator must manually hold the solenoid valve in the open position for a few seconds until a pilot ignites, e.g. has formed by a spark ignited flame, which generates the necessary holding current for the solenoid valve via the thermocouple.
  • thermocouple is located in the area of the main burner.
  • the pilot flame of the pilot burner can continue to burn stably while the main flame on the main burner strikes downwards, in the direction of the combustion air inlet, which is usually located at the bottom or at the side.
  • the gas-air mixture can pass through the secondary air vane strongly heated due to the backflow and spread into the combustion air duct.
  • a flame can either form below the burner, ie below the space actually intended for the premix, or, depending on the strength of the backflow, only in the intake region of the fresh air supply. In extreme cases, a flame escapes from the combustion air intake area and accordingly may result in fire damage to the vehicle and / or the environment.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a heater with an improved backup fuse.
  • a heating device according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from US 5 984 663 A known.
  • a heating device comprises a combustion chamber with a combustion air inlet and a flue gas outlet, a combustion device arranged in the combustion chamber and a fuel gas feed for supplying fuel gas to the burner device.
  • a flameproofing thermocouple is provided, which is arranged in the region of the burner device, wherein in a state in which the flameproofing thermocouple is heated by the flame, an electrical flameproofing current or a flameproofing voltage can be generated by the flameproof thermocouple.
  • a solenoid valve device In the fuel gas supply, a solenoid valve device is arranged, which has a magnet excitable by the flameproof current, wherein upon application of the flameproofing current, the solenoid valve device is held in an open position, so that the fuel gas supply is open and fuel gas can reach the burner device.
  • An additional thermocouple is located in the combustion air inlet.
  • the heater is characterized in that the additional thermocouple is a backfire thermocouple for monitoring a burn back flame in the combustion air inlet, wherein in a state in which the burn back thermocouple is heated by the burn back flame in the combustion air inlet, an electric burn back stream or a burn back voltage can be generated by the backfire fuse thermocouple.
  • the flameproof voltage and the burnback voltage are combined by reverse polarity such that a holding voltage resulting from the reverse polarity of the flame fuse voltage and the burnback voltage is lower than a voltage required for holding the solenoid valve in the open position, so that Solenoid valve automatically assumes a closed position and interrupts the fuel gas supply.
  • thermocouple in addition to the existing flame arrestor by the arranged on the burner device flame retardance thermocouple a return fuse in the form of a second thermocouple (Rückbrennracs thermocouple) is provided, which is introduced into the combustion air supply of the heater.
  • the backfire thermocouple is reverse polarity to the flameproof thermocouple, so that a current generated by the backflush thermocouple counteracts the flameproof current and reduces it overall. Accordingly, the resulting, applied to the solenoid valve voltage is reduced.
  • the solenoid valve device has a spring-loaded solenoid valve, which is held by an excitation of its magnet against the action of the spring in the open position, while it is held in the closed position in the absence or insufficient excitation by the spring.
  • thermovoltage corresponding to the burnback current is drawn off from the thermal voltage of the flameproofing thermocouple, at least in the case of a series connection, which means that the solenoid valve device can no longer be held in the open position, but automatically by the action of the built-in spring closes. As a result, the fuel gas supply is interrupted and transferred to the heater in a safe state.
  • the flameproof thermocouple and the back-fusing thermocouple can be connected in reverse polarity in parallel or reverse polarity.
  • the holding voltage which results from the polarity reversal as the sum of flameproof voltage and burnback voltage, may be less than the voltage required to hold the solenoid valve device in the open position, in particular less than that Be flame retardant voltage.
  • thermocouples When the thermocouples are connected in reverse polarity, an electrical holding current supplied to the solenoid valve device resulting from reverse polarity of the flameproofing thermocouple and the backflushing thermocouple may cause the solenoid valve device to maintain a holding voltage that is less than the voltage required to hold the Solenoid valve device is required in the open position, which is therefore in particular lower than the flameproof voltage.
  • thermocouples ensures that a voltage generated by the back-fuse thermocouple or a generated current counteracts the flameproof voltage or the flameproofing current of the flameproofing thermocouple and reduces this, so that in sum only one more low voltage or too low a current to the solenoid valve device is applied and this therefore can not be held in the open position.
  • the combustion air inlet may include an air supply passage for supplying combustion air from the environment to the burner device, wherein the backfire protection thermocouple may be disposed in the air supply passage.
  • the backfire protection thermocouple may be disposed in the air supply passage.
  • the burner device may have a main burner and a pilot burner. This arrangement has proven itself in practice diverse and allows - with permanent pilot light on the pilot burner - a convenient switching on and off of the main burner.
  • the flameproof thermocouple may be disposed in the region of the pilot burner and serve to monitor a flame of the pilot burner. For proper operation of the heater, it is a prerequisite that at least the flame is present at the pilot burner and thus escaping gas can be burned immediately as intended.
  • the flameproof thermocouple monitors the presence of this flame at the pilot burner.
  • the solenoid valve device may be electrically connected to the flameproof thermocouple and the backflush thermocouple. This makes it possible in a simple manner to transfer the information obtained from the two thermocouples information directly into an effect on the solenoid valve device.
  • the solenoid valve device may have a so-called magnetic insert.
  • a valve provided in the region of the fuel gas supply is coupled to an armature cooperating with a magnet, which holds the valve open against the action of a spring, provided that the magnet is excited by a suitable voltage (here: flameproof voltage or holding voltage).
  • a suitable voltage here: flameproof voltage or holding voltage.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a gas heater eg for a caravan or a motorhome, with a heat exchanger 1, in the interior of which a combustion chamber is formed.
  • the combustion chamber 2 or the heat exchanger 1 have a combustion air inlet 3 and a flue gas outlet 4.
  • a burner device 5 with a main burner 6 and a pilot burner 7 is arranged inside the combustion chamber 2.
  • the main burner 6 and the pilot burner 7 fuel gas can be supplied via a fuel gas supply 8.
  • the combustion air inlet 3 has an air supply channel 9, which couples the heat exchanger 1 or the combustion chamber 2 with the environment.
  • the air supply channel 9 penetrates a bottom wall 10 of a caravan or motor caravan so that the combustion air can be supplied via the bottom region of the caravan to the heat exchanger 1 and the combustion chamber 2.
  • the combustion air is then burned by means of the burner device 5 and the fuel gas supplied via the fuel gas supply 8.
  • the hot flue gases rise in the combustion chamber 2 and are led either directly or through several diversions to the flue gas outlet 4, which opens into a chimney, not shown.
  • thermocouple 11 In the area of the pilot burner 7, a flameproof thermocouple 11 is arranged.
  • the flameproof thermocouple 11 should be placed so that a flame above the pilot burner 7 heats the flameproofing thermocouple 11 such that a flameproofing voltage or a corresponding electric current can be generated therefrom.
  • the voltage is conducted via an electrical line 12 to a magnetic insert 13 serving as a solenoid valve device.
  • a magnetic insert 13 is for example from DE 20 2005 021 724 U1 known.
  • the magnet insert 13 is arranged in the fuel gas supply 8 such that it interrupts the fuel gas supply 8 in an energized state and prevents the flow of fuel gas to the burner device 5.
  • the magnet of the magnet insert 13 is able to hold the armature of the magnet insert 13 and thus keep the fuel gas supply 8 open.
  • the opening itself is carried out by external force, for example by a depression of an actuating element by the operator.
  • the magnet insert 13 only serves to hold the open position thus achieved.
  • the fuel gas supply 8 is closed by the magnetic insert 13 and the fuel gas supply is interrupted.
  • thermocouple 14 is arranged as a back-fuse thermocouple 14, which is also connected to the magnet insert 13 via an electrical line 15.
  • thermocouples namely the flameproofing thermocouple 11 and the backflushing thermocouple 14 are reversed to each other. This will be in Fig. 1 among other things also symbolized by the two differently drawn conductors of the electrical lines 12 and 15.
  • the back-fusing thermocouple 14 operates in the same way as the flame-retardant thermocouple 11. Accordingly, in a (undesired) case in which a backflow in the combustion chamber 2 causes the flame, in particular the flame, from the main burner 6 to burn back into the combustion air inlet 3 This backfire flame is detected by the back-fuse thermocouple 14, which then applies a voltage across the electrical lead 15 to the magnet insert 13.
  • the polarity reversal circuit reduces the voltage present across the flameproofing thermocouple 11 with a stable ignition flame on the pilot burner 7, or removes it altogether, so that the resulting voltage applied to the magnetic insert 13 is no longer sufficient to secure the magnet insert 13 in FIG To hold open position.
  • the magnetic insert 13 thereby closes the fuel gas supply 8 and moves the heater into a safe state. After that If necessary, the system can be restarted if a proper flame history is restored.
  • Fig. 2 shows an example of a reverse polarity connection of the flameproofing thermocouple 11 and the back-fusing thermocouple 14 in relation to the magnetic insert 13th
  • Fig. 3 is a verpolte series connection of the two thermocouples 11, 14 shown with the magnetic insert 13.
  • thermocouples 11, 14 In both FIGS. 2 and 3 It can be seen that the poles of the two thermocouples 11, 14 are interchanged.
  • the currents generated by the two thermocouples 11, 14 act against each other and thus lead to a reduction of the total current and thus the holding voltage applied to the magnetic insert 13.
  • the reverse polarity series connection Fig. 3
  • the voltages generated by the thermocouples 11, 14 against each other so that the total voltage at the magnetic insert 13 is reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Dispositif de chauffage avec
    - une chambre de combustion (2), une entrée d'air de combustion (3) et une sortie de gaz de fumée (4) ;
    - un dispositif brûleur (5) disposé dans la chambre de combustion (2),
    - une amenée de gaz combustible (8) pour amener du gaz combustible dans le dispositif brûleur (5) ;
    - un thermoélément pare-feu (11), qui est disposé dans la zone du dispositif brûleur (5) et qui sert à surveiller une flamme au niveau de ce dernier, étant précisé que dans un état dans lequel le thermoélément pare-feu (11) est chauffé par la flamme, une tension pare-feu électrique est apte à être produite par ledit thermoélément pare-feu (11), et avec
    - un dispositif à électrovanne (13), disposé dans l'amenée de gaz combustible (8), qui comporte un aimant apte à être excité par la tension pare-feu, étant précisé qu'en présence d'une tension pare-feu, le dispositif à électrovanne (13) est maintenu dans une position ouverte, de sorte que l'amenée de gaz combustible (8) est ouverte et que le gaz combustible arrive dans le dispositif brûleur (5),
    - un thermoélément (14) disposé dans l'entrée d'air de combustion (3),
    caractérisé en ce que le thermoélément (14) est constitué par un thermoélément de protection contre un retour de flamme (14) pour surveiller un retour de flamme dans l'entrée d'air de combustion (3), étant précisé que dans un état dans lequel le thermoélément de protection contre un retour de flamme (14) est chauffé par le retour de flamme dans l'entrée d'air de combustion (3), une tension électrique de retour de flamme est apte à être produite par le thermoélément de protection contre le retour de flamme (14) ; et en ce que
    - la tension pare-feu électrique et la tension de retour de flamme sont réunies par une inversion de polarité de telle sorte qu'une tension de maintien résultant de l'inversion de polarité de la tension pare-feu et de la tension de retour de flamme soit inférieure à une tension qui est nécessaire pour maintenir le dispositif à électrovanne (13) en position ouverte, de sorte que le dispositif à électrovanne (13) adopte automatiquement une position fermée et arrête l'amenée de gaz combustible (8).
  2. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
    - le thermoélément pare-feu (11) et le thermoélément de protection contre un retour de flamme (14) sont montés en série avec une inversion de polarité, et en ce que
    - la tension de maintien qui est produite par l'inversion de polarité sous la forme d'une somme de la tension pare-feu et de la tension de protection contre le retour de flamme est inférieure à la tension qui est nécessaire pour maintenir le dispositif à électrovanne (13) en position ouverte, et en particulier à la tension pare-feu.
  3. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
    - le thermoélément pare-feu (11) et le thermoélément de protection contre un retour de flamme (14) sont montés en parallèle avec une inversion de polarité, et en ce
    - qu'un courant de maintien électrique qui est produit par l'inversion de polarité du thermoélément pare-feu (11) et du thermoélément de protection contre un retour de flamme (14) provoque au niveau du dispositif à électrovanne (13) une tension de maintien qui est inférieure à la tension nécessaire pour maintenir le dispositif à électrovanne (13) en position ouverte, et en particulier inférieure à la tension pare-feu.
  4. Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que
    - l'entrée d'air de combustion (3) comporte un conduit d'amenée d'air (9) pour amener de l'air de combustion, à partir de l'environnement, dans le dispositif brûleur (5) ; et en ce que
    - le thermoélément de protection contre un retour de flamme (14) est disposé dans le conduit d'amenée d'air (9).
  5. Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif brûleur (5) comporte un brûleur principal (6) et un brûleur d'allumage (7).
  6. Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le thermoélément pare-feu (11) est disposé dans la zone du brûleur d'allumage (7) et sert à surveiller une flamme du brûleur d'allumage (7).
  7. Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif à électrovanne (13) est relié électriquement au thermoélément pare-feu (11) et au thermoélément de protection contre un retour de flamme (14).
  8. Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif à électrovanne comporte un insert magnétique (13).
EP10000265.8A 2010-01-13 2010-01-13 Protection contre un retour de flamme pour un dispositif de chauffage à gaz Active EP2354653B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10000265.8A EP2354653B1 (fr) 2010-01-13 2010-01-13 Protection contre un retour de flamme pour un dispositif de chauffage à gaz

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10000265.8A EP2354653B1 (fr) 2010-01-13 2010-01-13 Protection contre un retour de flamme pour un dispositif de chauffage à gaz

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EP2354653A1 EP2354653A1 (fr) 2011-08-10
EP2354653B1 true EP2354653B1 (fr) 2014-11-26

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD905217S1 (en) 2018-09-05 2020-12-15 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus
USD907183S1 (en) 2016-11-23 2021-01-05 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus
US11772452B2 (en) 2017-11-16 2023-10-03 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus for recreational vehicles

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996033373A1 (fr) * 1995-04-19 1996-10-24 Bowin Technology Pty. Limited Appareil de chauffage
DE10024511C1 (de) 2000-05-18 2002-01-31 Truma Geraetetechnik Gmbh & Co Rückbrennsicherung
FR2813381B1 (fr) * 2000-08-22 2003-08-15 Gaz De Petrole Bruleur a element thermosensible
DE102005030417A1 (de) 2005-06-30 2007-01-11 Mertik Maxitrol Gmbh & Co. Kg Magneteinsatz
CA2634756C (fr) * 2005-12-22 2014-07-08 William Henry Scalia, Jr. Appareil et procede de controle de debit et temperature de mazout, taille des gouttes de mazout et modulation d'allure de chauffe du bruleur

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD907183S1 (en) 2016-11-23 2021-01-05 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus
US11772452B2 (en) 2017-11-16 2023-10-03 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus for recreational vehicles
USD905217S1 (en) 2018-09-05 2020-12-15 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus
USD944374S1 (en) 2018-09-05 2022-02-22 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus

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