EP2354366B1 - Treppe und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung - Google Patents

Treppe und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2354366B1
EP2354366B1 EP11152970.7A EP11152970A EP2354366B1 EP 2354366 B1 EP2354366 B1 EP 2354366B1 EP 11152970 A EP11152970 A EP 11152970A EP 2354366 B1 EP2354366 B1 EP 2354366B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formworks
phase
face
stairway
formwork
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Not-in-force
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EP11152970.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2354366A1 (de
Inventor
Kurt Wohlgemuth
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Metallconcept SRL
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Metallconcept SRL
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Publication of EP2354366A1 publication Critical patent/EP2354366A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/18—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by milling, e.g. channelling by means of milling tools
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/022—Stairways; Layouts thereof characterised by the supporting structure
    • E04F11/035—Stairways consisting of a plurality of assembled modular parts without further support
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/104—Treads
    • E04F11/116—Treads of stone, concrete or like material or with an upper layer of stone or stone like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with an upper layer of glass

Definitions

  • the present disclosure refers to a stairway and to a method for making it.
  • the making of a concrete stairway requires on-site making of one or more formworks for the entire stairway.
  • Formworks are hand-made with wooden boards or sheet metal and must be suitably supported to extend between the floors to be connected. Subsequently, concrete casting into the formworks occurs and, once concrete has set, formwork removal and stairway finishing are carried out. Therefore, the formworks compose a casing into which fluid-state concrete is cast. After setting, the casting has achieved a mechanical strength such as to ensure absorption of stresses to which the structure is subjected, and formwork dismantling ensues.
  • Modular stairways of concrete, wood or other materials are also found in the known art. Such stairways consist of sectional prefabricated modules, each corresponding to a step, which are assembled together usually by screws and bolts or with other assembling modes. The modules are all identical to each other and are mass-produced. Examples of such modular stairways are disclosed by Austrian patent No. AT 385 074 , which discloses the preamble of claim 1 and the preamble of claim 14, and also by German patent No. DE 336 074 , German patent No. DE 809 483 , United States patent No. US 6,112,480 , international patent application No. WO 02/100149 .
  • the inventor has provided a method for making a stairway according to claim 1, and a stairway according to claim 14.
  • the method which is the subject of the present disclosure is useful to render the making of a stairway more effective and cheaper.
  • the method envisages the making of a substantially modular stairway, wherein the modules, each corresponding to a step, are formworks which are shaped each depending on the end stairway to be obtained, and moreover they are "disposable" formworks, i.e. they are intended to remain included in the stairway following the casting of a filler material (which is, e.g., concrete).
  • a filler material which is, e.g., concrete.
  • the method is useful to reach a higher precision of making, because the formworks can be suitably shaped so that the respective external surfaces basically correspond to the faces of the respective steps.
  • the formworks may be accurately custom-made to obtain precise jointings between different steps.
  • the jointing between adjacent steps is remarkably improved and, for instance, in some embodiments, it is easier to obtain an intrados with a curved and well-jointed surface.
  • a design phase which includes a phase of custom computing the dimensions and shape of each of said formworks, on the basis of the dimensions of a stairway installation site, is provided.
  • the shaping of the individual formworks is based on such a design phase.
  • a custom stairway comprising a plurality of steps all different from each other and made in a precise way thanks to the exact dimensioning of the required individual formworks and to their subsequent production on the base of the exact dimensioning; in an embodiment, the production is carried out, e.g., by milling with a numerical-control milling machine.
  • the modular stairway is made with light-weight hollow formworks; accordingly, the transporting and assembling phases are less burdensome than other known methods.
  • the formwork is obtained from a block of wood-concrete.
  • wood-concrete comprises wood chips mixed with a concrete matrix; as a result it is lighter in weight than solid blocks of concrete.
  • this material it is possible to reach a weight of the finished stairway that is about one-half the weight of a stairway made with conventional methods.
  • the formworks are obtained from polystyrene blocks, thereby attaining an even more marked reduction of the weight of the finished stairway.
  • polystyrene is particularly easy to work.
  • the method is particularly suitable for all those applications for which it is advisable to minimize constraint reactions from the supporting walls (e.g. in the refurbishing of old buildings) by lightening the load on the floor slabs.
  • formwork shaping is carried out by material-removal manufacturing.
  • the manufacturing is carried out by milling from blocks of material; milling allows to reach high accuracy, which would not be achievable by using the usual moulding/casting methods. Milling further allows a rather rapid making of the formworks.
  • This mode is particularly indicated for shaping wood-concrete blocks, which can be milled without particular difficulty, and also for blocks of polystyrene or of other workable material.
  • formwork shaping is carried out by laser cutting or by hydrojet cutting.
  • the polystyrene blocks might also be shaped otherwise, e.g. by hot-wire cutting.
  • the strenght of the obtained formwork may be enhanced, after the shaping phase, by coating the surface of the formwork with a hardening resin, e.g. a polyurethane resin, or with fiberglass.
  • a hardening resin e.g. a polyurethane resin, or with fiberglass.
  • each formwork is carried out by selective removal of material from an initial solid block, in order to obtain a formwork having the desired dimensions and shapes, inclusive of recesses in the formwork body and recess openings to the outside; it is therefore a three-dimensional shaping.
  • Such shaping is carried out by using, e.g., a numerical-control machine tool, which is managed by a computer.
  • the machine tool is of the type having five or more axes.
  • the method that is the subject of the present invention allows to get rid of the formwork disassembling phase, which instead is necessary with other stairway making methods.
  • the method provides a phase of assembling in which the joining between adjacent formworks is obtained by connecting means making a tongue-and-groove coupling between two adjacent formworks. This allows a very rapid and simple assembling, providing no screwing steps or more complex connecting methods.
  • a phase of arranging reinforcements in the formworks before proceeding with casting the filler material is provided, so that the structural strength of the stairway be enhanced by the reinforcements themselves, which e.g. are metal bars.
  • the stairway is produced using fire-resistant, sound-absorbing and ecological materials.
  • the method enables the use of a renewable material such as wood in the wood-concrete blocks.
  • the design phase provides, e.g., the adoption of antiseismic criteria in computing the dimensions and shape of the entire stairway and the individual steps.
  • the formwork 1 is of the so-called "disposable" type, i.e. it remains permanently included in the end structure of a stairway 100.
  • the formwork 1 is not removed subsequently to the making of the stairway, as it happens with formworks commonly used in the building field, but on the contrary the formwork 1 is an integral part of the stairway 100 and therefore carries out a structural function in the stairway 100 when the latter is completed.
  • each formwork 1 goes to form a respective step 110 of the stairway 100, therefore the formwork 1 has a shape that corresponds to the shape of the respective step 110.
  • the formwork 1 has a substantially prismatic shape. In the example shown, it has;
  • the third face 1c is interposed between the first treadable face 1a and the second intrados face 1b, and is intended to face an adjacent formwork 1 placed at a higher height;
  • the fourth face 1d is interposed between the second intrados face 1b and the fifth riser face 1e, and is intended to face an adjacent formwork 1 placed at a lower height.
  • first treadable face 1 a and the fifth riser face 1e are orthogonal to each other.
  • second intrados face 1b has a curved surface.
  • substantially prismatic shape it is meant that the formwork 1 has a shape resembling that of a prism, though it is not required that it be a geometric prism.
  • the sixth face 1f and the seventh face 1g may be not parallel to each other and be of dimensions different from each other; the faces 1a, 1b, 1c, 1 d, 1 e, 1 f, 1g may have curved surfaces.
  • the formwork 1 is a hollow body, substantially it is a casing of suitable thickness (in the shown example the thickness is comprised between 2 and 8 cm), having an internal recess 2 which is open on one or more faces of the external surface of the formwork 1.
  • the third face 1c and the fourth face 1d have respective access openings 23, 24 for accessing the internal recess 2; also the first treadable face 1 a has openings 21 for accessing to the internal recess 2.
  • the fifth riser face 1e and the side faces 1f, 1g have continuous surfaces, in other words are devoid of access openings for accessing the internal recess 2.
  • the openings 21 of the first treadable face 1a and the openings 23 of the third face 1c are contiguous to each other; in other words, such openings 21, 23 extend to the edge 1 q between the first face 1 a and the third face 1 c, which edge 1 q is therefore interrupted at said openings 21, 23.
  • the formwork 1 comprises a partition 25, substantially parallel to the side faces 1f, 1g and arranged in an approximately intermediate position between said side faces 1f, 1g, partitioning the internal chamber 2 into two compartments; each compartment has access openings 21, 23, 24 on the corresponding faces 1a, 1c, 1d.
  • the partition 25 has a function of reinforcing the formwork 1.
  • the formwork 1 is provided with connecting means for allowing an assembling thereof with the adjacent formworks.
  • the connecting means achieves a tongue-and-groove coupling, comprising male members 3 (e.g. pegs or tenons) and female members 4 (e.g., holes or mortises).
  • Such connecting means 3, 4 is arranged on the third faces 1c and on the fourth faces 1 d, e.g. at opposite parts of the faces themselves; for instance, it may be provided that each third face 1c and each fourth face 1d be provided with a male member 3 and a female member 4, or it may be envisaged that each third face 1c be provided with at least two male members 3 and each fourth face 1 d be provided with at least two corresponding female members 4, or vice versa.
  • the joining between two adjacent formworks 1 is achieved by a tongue-and-groove joint coupling.
  • Each formwork 1 is obtained in the desired shapes and dimensions by three-dimensional shaping of a respective block 16 of material; in Figure 3 a shaping by milling is exemplarily shown.
  • the blocks 16 are made of wood-concrete; in particular, they are made of a material comprising wood chips homogeneously distributed in a cement matrix, e.g. Portland cement, acting as a binder between the wood chips.
  • a cement matrix e.g. Portland cement
  • said wood-concrete comprises wood chips in an amount of 80% by weight and concrete in an amount of 20% by weight.
  • the wood chips are pinewood chips and have dimensions in the order of 3-6 cm in length and a thickness of some millimetres.
  • wood-concrete blocks 16 are provided, e.g. initially parallelepiped-shaped, that are machined by a milling machine 17 to obtain the formworks 1, which thereby are custom-made.
  • the milling machine 17 machines and shapes such a block 16 to give it the shape and dimensions desired for the relevant formwork 1 and makes therein the internal recess 2 and the openings 21, 23, 24, leaving the partition 25.
  • the phase of producing the formworks 1 by milling is carried out by using a milling machine 17 having five or more axes.
  • the milling machine 17 is of numerical-control type, it being controlled by a computer 18. Therefore, the milling machine 17, by being a numerical-control one, allows to make the formworks 1 in a very accurate way, and with a working contribution from a single unskilled operator.
  • the blocks 16 are made of polystyrene, e.g. EPS with a density of 35 kg/m 3 .
  • the polystyrene blocks 16 are shaped by the milling machine 17 to obtain the formworks 1.
  • the shaping of the blocks 16 may be carried out by using a laser cutting machine, or a hydrojet cutting machine, also these being numerical control ones and operating on five or more axes.
  • a hot-wire cutting machine might be used.
  • the formwork 1 obtained following the shaping operation is subjected to a phase of coating with resin: the surface of the formwork 1 (both on the external faces 1 a, 1b, 1 c, 1 d, 1 e, 1 f, 1g, and in the internal recess 2) is coated with a hardening resin, which e.g. is distributed by spraying or brushing.
  • This hardening resin is, e.g., a polyurethane resin and/or a fiberglass-containing resin.
  • a formwork having a polystyrene core coated by a layer of hardened resin which sensibly improves its mechanical resistance properties.
  • the thickness of the resin layer is, e.g., of 1-2 mm; such thickness may be higher for bigger formworks 1, i.e. for those that are subjected to greater mechanical stresses.
  • the thickness of the walls or faces of the polystyrene formwork is, e.g., of between 2 and 8 cm.
  • the phase of making the formworks 1 occurs in a workshop and the formworks 1 thus obtained are subsequently transported on the site where the stairway 100 is to be installed. Basically, the formworks 1 are prefabricated in the workshop and ready for use.
  • Prefabrication of the formworks 1 occurs on the basis of a design of the stairway 100.
  • the designing of the stairway 100 includes a phase of custom computing the dimensions and features of the stairway 100 itself, given the dimensions (encumbrance in plan view, difference in level between floors to be connected,%) of a stairwell or other installation site and the specifications required, e.g., by technical rules for building.
  • the computing phase determines in a custom-made manner the dimensions and the shape of each step 110 and therefore of each formwork 1.
  • each block 16 to obtain the respective formwork 1 is based on the dimensions and shape of the step 110 which have been determined in the design phase.
  • the design phase may also be made through known algorithms, typically via a software.
  • CAD/CAM systems are used, which, in an embodiment, are directly integrated with the computer 18 controlling the milling machine 17 (or other machine tool for the three-dimensional shaping of the blocks 16), making the designing of the stairway 100 even more rapid.
  • an apparatus for making the formworks 1 comprising a computer 18 and a shaping machine tool 17.
  • the computer 18 is configured for inputting data related to the dimensions of the installation site for the stairway 100 and is further configured for executing a custom computing software for each formwork 1 on the basis of the dimensions of the installation site.
  • the shaping machine tool 17 is configured for shaping a plurality of blocks 16 on the basis of the results of the custom computing, to the obtainment of the plurality of formworks 1.
  • the apparatus includes storage means for storing the dimensions of the installation site and/or the results of the custom computing.
  • the stairway 100 may be designed with steps 110 all different from each other, therefore also the formworks 1 are made as unique pieces, different from each other.
  • the method allows a custom and individual making of a stairway 100, which therefore can be designed in the best way, to best be fitted in a stairwell of preset dimensions.
  • Figures 4 to 10 show subsequent phases of making the stairway 100.
  • Figure 4 shows a plurality of formworks 1 that are joined to each other in sequence, by a phase of on-site assembling in which the formworks 1 are arranged adjacent and aligned in a preset sequence along a direction 150 of ascent-descent of the stairway 100.
  • the formworks 1 may be, e.g., all different from each other; such a preset sequence of the formworks 1 is therefore that univocally determined in the design phase and allowing to obtain the stairway 100 in the design dimensions and features.
  • Figure 4 shows the assembling of a formwork 1 with another adjacent formwork, denoted by reference number 5, which has already been laid; thus, a stairway section 100 shown in Figure 5 is obtained.
  • a tongue-and-groove joint coupling is achieved between the male 3 and female 4 members on the fourth face 1d of the formwork 1 and the corresponding female 4 and male 3 members on the third face 1c of the adjacent formwork 5.
  • the dimensions of the fourth face 1d of the formwork 1 correspond to, and even match, the dimensions of the third face 1c of the adjacent formwork 5, as well as there is a correspondence between the connecting means 3, 4 of the formwork 1 and the connecting means 4, 3 of the adjacent formwork 5.
  • the formworks 1, 5 are arranged so that the access openings 24 of the fourth face 1d of the formwork 1 be aligned with respective access openings 23 of the third face 1 c of the formwork 5; therefore, it is obtained a channel 29 (or, in the present case, two channels 29) extending through the recesses 2 of the formworks 1, 5 along the direction 150 of ascent-descent.
  • the assembling phase can also be carried out by hand, as it merely comprises a tongue-and-groove joint coupling and the formworks 1, 5 are rather light-weight. As the case may be, it may be necessary to assemble a simple scaffolding or other similar structure (not shown) to support the whole of the formworks 1, 5 during the assembling.
  • the assembling phase proceeds by joining in sequence one formwork 1 after the other, until completing the skeleton 7 of the stairway 100, shown in Figure 7 .
  • the stairway 100 is a modular stairway, whose modules are represented by the formworks 1; it has to be noted, however, that such modules in the example are all different from each other.
  • the skeleton 7 of the stairway 100 has a step-shaped first treadable side 12, and a second intrados side 6 opposite to the first treadable side 12.
  • the second intrados side 6 is designed so as to have a continuous even surface; in other words, the second intrados side 6 is a curved surface that (within the limits of the tolerances for the making and joints) has no gaps, steps, and/or sudden variations of slope or curvature.
  • the surface of the second intrados side 6 is formed by the setting side-by-side of the second faces 1 b of the formworks 1, arranged side-by-side to each other and in sequence.
  • the making method according to the present disclosure allows, thank to the designing and the custom making of the individual formworks 1, to obtain said intrados 6 with a curved, continuous and precisely and evenly jointed surface between adjacent formworks 1.
  • Figure 8 shows a phase of positioning a reinforcement 8 in the recesses 2 of the plurality of formworks 1.
  • the reinforcement 8 comprises longitudinal reinforcements or bars 10 which are arranged along said channel 29, i.e. substantially parallel to the direction 150 of ascent or descent of the stairway 100; the reinforcement 8 further comprises transversal reinforcements or bars 11 arranged substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal reinforcements 10 and substantially parallel to a treadable plane 12, i.e. parallel to the first faces 1 a of the formworks 1.
  • transversal bars 11 can, e.g., be positioned in the internal recess 2 by slipping them through suitable through holes (not shown) made in the side faces 1f, 1g and in the partition 25 of the respective formwork 1.
  • the longitudinal reinforcements 10 extend for a stairway section 100 comprising a plurality of steps 110, even all of the steps 110; in other words, each longitudinal reinforcement 10 is common to a plurality of adjacent formworks 1, in order to strengthen the connection between the formworks 1 themselves.
  • Figure 9 shows in detail the positioning of the reinforcement 8 in the recesses 2. It has to be noted that the transversal reinforcements 11 are interconnected with the longitudinal reinforcements 10 by a phase of hooping which includes the use of hoops 15 surrounding and clasping the intersection regions between the longitudinal reinforcements 10 and the transversal reinforcements 11.
  • the hooping is also made between the transversal reinforcements 11 of a formwork 1 and the transversal reinforcements 11a of an adjacent formwork; this is illustrated by way of example in Figure 9 , in which hoops 15b are shown connecting a transversal bar 11 of the formwork 1 to a transversal bar 11 a of the adjacent formwork 5 (not shown). This allows to strengthen the connection between the adjacent formworks 1,5.
  • the reinforcement 8 is made, e.g., by means of metal bars, as those customarily used in the building field to reinforce concrete.
  • FIG. 10 it is illustrated a phase of filling the formworks 1 with a filler material, which in the example is concrete 40.
  • fluid-state concrete 40 is cast into the internal recesses 2, completely filling them. Concrete 40 is cast into the internal recesses 2 through the openings 21 on the first faces 1a of the formworks 1.
  • the presence of the openings 23, 24 aligned to each other facilitates the homogeneous distribution of the concrete 40 in the recesses 2, also allowing the transit of concrete 40 from one formwork 1 to another one and the creation of a continuous structure involving all formworks 1.
  • each formwork 1 may be carried out by casting the concrete 40 through the openings 21 of the formwork 1 at the higher level (i.e. nearer to the top floor 13), so that the concrete 40 may flow down along the channels 29 and fill all of the underlying formworks 1.
  • the filling of each formwork 1 is carried out by a single casting operation of concrete 40.
  • the concrete 40 may be cast in sequence into each formwork 1, one after the other.
  • the stairway 100 is structurally complete.
  • finishing operations like, e.g., laying of marble or stone slabs, or of wooden boards on the first treadable faces 1a, polishing of the surfaces in sight, plastering, painting.
  • the formworks 1 remain permanently included in the structure of the stairway 100; in fact, the formworks 1 are disposable formworks, making up a skeleton 7 having both a load-bearing structural function for the stairway 100 and a containing function for the concrete 40.
  • the concrete 40 turns the stairway 100 into a single body, carrying out the final locking of the formworks 1 to each other.
  • the reinforcement 8 has a structural reinforcing function, among which that of enhancing joining solidity between the formworks 1.
  • the stairway 100 has a plurality of steps 110, each comprising a respective formwork 1 and the filler material (in the example, concrete 40) which is permanently included in the formwork 1 itself.
  • Each step 110 has a treadable region 12 corresponding to the first face 1 a of the formwork 1, a riser 65 corresponding to the riser face 1 e of the formwork 1, an intrados 6 corresponding to the second face 1b of the formwork 1, and sides 66, 67 corresponding to the side faces 1f, 1g of the formwork 1.
  • the formwork is designed and made so as to correspond to a plurality of consecutive steps 110 of the stairway 100, instead of to a single step 110.
  • the overall number of distinct formworks to be made may be lower than the total number of steps 110, as two or more successive steps may be comprised in a single formwork.
  • the wording "wherein each formwork (1, 5) has a shape corresponding to a respective step (110) of the stairway (100)" in claim 1 and in claim 17 is to be understood in the sense that the formwork has dimension corresponding to a plurality of subsequent steps of the final stairway. It follows that, in accordance with these variant embodiments, the number of steps that are made together with a single formwork is established during the designing and computing phase.

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Claims (17)

  1. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Treppe (100), wobei das Verfahren die Arbeitsschritte enthält:
    - Bereitstellen einer Mehrzahl von Schalungen (1, 5), wobei jede Schalung (1, 5) eine Form hat, die einer jeweiligen Stufe (110) der Treppe (100) entspricht;
    - Zusammenfügen der Schalungen (1, 5) der Reihe nach;
    - Füllen jeder der Schalungen (1, 5) mit einem Füllmaterial (40) für das Erhalten einer jeweiligen Stufe (110), die die Schalung (1, 5) und das Füllmaterial (40) enthält, das dauerhaft in der Schalung (1, 5) enthalten ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass der Arbeitsschritt des Bereitstellens einer Mehrzahl von Schalungen (1, 5) die folgenden Arbeitsschritte enthält:
    - einen Gestaltungsarbeitsschritt, der eine individuelle Berechnung der Dimensionen und Form jeder der Schalungen (1, 5) auf der Basis der Dimensionen eines Installationsortes der Treppe (100) enthält;
    - einen Arbeitsschritt des Vorab-Anordnens einer Mehrzahl von Blöcken (16);
    - einen Arbeitsschritt des Formens jedes der Blöcke (16) für das Erhalten der Mehrzahl von Schalungen (1, 5), wobei der Arbeitsschritt des Formens jedes der Blöcke (16) auf dem Gestaltungsarbeitsschritt basiert.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Schalungen (1, 5) durch einen Arbeitsschritt der Vor-Ort-Montage verbunden werden, wobei die Schalungen (1, 5) in einer vorgegebenen Reihenfolge längs einer Richtung (150) des Aufstiegs-Abstiegs benachbart und ausgerichtet angeordnet werden, wobei jede Schalung eine erste Fläche (1a), die einem Trittbereich (12) der jeweiligen Stufe (110) entspricht, und eine zweite Fläche (1b) enthält, die entgegengesetzt zu der ersten Fläche (1a) ist und eine gekrümmte Oberfläche hat, wobei der Gestaltungsarbeitsschritt so ist, dass in dem Montagearbeitsschritt die zweiten Flächen (1b) der benachbarten Schalungen (1, 5) Seite-an-Seite zueinander angeordnet werden, um eine durchgehende gleichmäßige Oberfläche (6) zu bilden.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei der Arbeitsschritt des Zusammenfügens der Schalungen (1, 5) ein Zusammenfügen zwischen benachbarten Schalungen (1, 5) durch Verbindungseinrichtungen (3, 4) bereitstellt, die ausgelegt sind, eine Nut-und-Feder-Kopplung zwischen zwei benachbarten Schalungen (1, 5) zu ergeben.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, wobei die Blöcke (16) aus Holzbeton oder aus Polystyrol bestehen.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei der Arbeitsschritt des Formens jedes der Blöcke (16) eine Produktionstechnik der Materialentfernung enthält.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, wobei der Arbeitsschritt des Formens jedes der Blöcke (16) durch eine Fräsmaschine (17) oder durch eine Laserschneidmaschine oder eine Wasserstrahlschneidmaschine durchgeführt wird.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, wobei die Blöcke (16) aus Polystyrol bestehen und wobei auf den Arbeitsschritt des Formens des Blocks (16) ein Arbeitsschritt des Beschichtens der jeweiligen Schalung (1, 5) durch ein härtendes Harz folgt.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei jede der Schalungen (1, 5) eine im wesentlichen prismatische Form mit einer inneren Aussparung (2) hat, und jede der Schalungen (1, 5) eine dritte Fläche (1c) und eine vierte Fläche (1d) hat, die dazu bestimmt sind, jeweils benachbarten Schalungen zugewandt zu sein, wobei die dritte Fläche (1c) und vierten Seite (1d) Zugangsöffnungen (23, 24) zum Zugang zu der inneren Aussparung (2) haben.
  9. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 2 und 8, wobei während des Montagearbeitsschrittes die Schalungen (1, 5) so angeordnet sind, dass die Zugangsöffnungen (23, 24) der dritten Fläche (1c) und der vierten Fläche (1d) benachbarter Schalungen (1, 5) miteinander ausgerichtet sind, um einen Kanal (29) zu bilden, der sich entlang der genannten Richtung (150) des Aufstiegs-Abstiegs erstreckt.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, enthaltend einen Arbeitsschritt des Positionierens einer Verstärkung (8) in die inneren Aussparungen (2) hinein, wobei die Verstärkung (8) Längsverstärkungen (10) enthält, die entlang dem Kanal (29) angeordnet sind.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, wobei die Verstärkung (8) Querverstärkungen (11) enthält, die im Wesentlichen parallel zu einer ersten Trittfläche (1a) der jeweiligen Schalung (1, 5) und im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu den Längsverstärkungen (10) sind.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, enthaltend einen Arbeitsschritt des Umreifens mit Bändern (15b) zwischen Querverstärkungen (11) benachbarter Schalungen (1, 5).
  13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 12, wobei der Arbeitsschritt des Füllens der Schalungen (1, 5) einen Arbeitsschritt des Betongießens in die inneren Aussparungen (2) hinein enthält.
  14. Treppe (100)die eine Mehrzahl von Stufen (110) enthält, wobei jede Stufe (110) eine Schalung (1, 5) und ein Füllmaterial (40) enthält, das dauerhaft der Schalung (1, 5) enthalten ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Treppe (100) eine erste Trittseite (12) und eine zweite Laibungsseite (6) entgegengesetzt zu ersten Trittseite (12) enthält, wobei die zweite Laibungsseite (6) eine durchgehende gleichmäßige Oberfläche ist, wobei jede der Schalungen (1, 5) eine erste Trittfläche (1a) und eine zweite Fläche (1b) entgegengesetzt zur ersten Trittfläche (1a) und entsprechend einem jeweiligen Teil der zweiten Laibungsseite (6) hat, wobei die durchgehende gleichmäßige Oberfläche (6) durch das Anordnen der zweiten Flächen (1b) der Schalungen (1, 5) Seite-an-Seite.
  15. Treppe (100) nach Anspruch 14, wobei die Laibungsseite (6) eine gekrümmte Oberfläche hat, wobei die zweite Fläche von jeder Schalung (1, 5) eine entsprechend gekrümmte Oberfläche hat.
  16. Treppe (100) nach Anspruch 14 oder 15, wobei die Schalungen (1, 5) aus Holzbeton oder aus Polystyrol bestehen.
  17. Treppe (100) nach Anspruch 16, wobei die Schalungen (1, 5) einen Kern aus Polystyrol und eine äußere Beschichtung aus Polyurethanharz oder aus Fiberglas haben.
EP11152970.7A 2010-02-02 2011-02-01 Treppe und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung Not-in-force EP2354366B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITVR2010A000018A IT1398466B1 (it) 2010-02-02 2010-02-02 Scala e metodo per la realizzazione di una scala

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EP2354366A1 EP2354366A1 (de) 2011-08-10
EP2354366B1 true EP2354366B1 (de) 2015-12-23

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Cited By (1)

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CN111764582A (zh) * 2020-06-28 2020-10-13 上海三一筑工建设有限公司 一种预制楼梯

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ITVR20120113A1 (it) * 2012-06-04 2013-12-05 Metall Concept S R L Ovvero Metal L Concept G M Cassaforma per scala e metodo per la realizzazione di una scala.
FR3022277B1 (fr) * 2014-06-12 2016-12-23 T M P - Convert - Jou Plast Ensemble de coffrage perdu prefabrique pour escalier en beton
RU174196U1 (ru) * 2015-04-02 2017-10-06 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЖБИ Конструкции" Опалубка для возведения лестничных конструкций
IT201600130247A1 (it) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-22 Metallconcept S R L Ovvero Metallconcept G M B H Metodo per la costruzione di una scala, apparecchiatura per realizzare una cassaforma per scala, cassaforma per scala e scala comprendente detta cassaforma
GB2569148A (en) * 2017-12-07 2019-06-12 Johnson Matthew Modular stair formwork system
BE1028361B1 (nl) * 2020-05-29 2022-01-11 Ecosourcen Werkwijze voor het produceren van een bouwelement en een trap en een bouwelement en een trap die volgens deze werkwijze geproduceerd zijn

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DE336074C (de) * 1916-01-25 1921-04-23 Carl Stein Kunststeintreppe aus Teilformstuecken
DE809483C (de) * 1950-03-03 1951-07-30 Hermann Fiene Hohlstufentreppe aus Fertigbetonteilen fuer veraenderliche Steigungen
AT385074B (de) * 1985-08-27 1988-02-10 Katzenberger Helmut Treppe aus beton-fertigteilelementen
AU648294B2 (en) * 1990-03-26 1994-04-21 Lloyd Family Nominees Pty Ltd Stairway system
US5720136A (en) * 1996-01-26 1998-02-24 Turner; Scott Alan Modular staircase
WO2002100149A2 (en) * 2001-06-13 2002-12-19 Jacques Andre Baben Flights of stairs
SE532610C2 (sv) * 2007-09-26 2010-03-02 Scandinvent Ab Anordning och förfarande för bearbetning av skivor av sten eller stenliknande material

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111764582A (zh) * 2020-06-28 2020-10-13 上海三一筑工建设有限公司 一种预制楼梯

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