EP2349736B2 - Elément de sécurité avec élément visuel sensible à la pression - Google Patents

Elément de sécurité avec élément visuel sensible à la pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2349736B2
EP2349736B2 EP09748243.4A EP09748243A EP2349736B2 EP 2349736 B2 EP2349736 B2 EP 2349736B2 EP 09748243 A EP09748243 A EP 09748243A EP 2349736 B2 EP2349736 B2 EP 2349736B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elastically deformable
deformable region
layer
functional structure
deformed state
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EP09748243.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2349736B1 (fr
EP2349736A2 (fr
Inventor
Winfried HOFFMÜLLER
Manfred Heim
Michael Rahm
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Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
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Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a security element for a data carrier, the visual impression of which can be reversibly changed by mechanical pressure on the security element, a data carrier with such a security element, a transfer element with such a security element for application to a data carrier and a method for producing such a data carrier Security element.
  • a security element can be embedded in such a data carrier, for example in a bank note or in a chip card, or designed as a self-supporting or non-self-supporting transfer element, for example as a non-self-supporting patch or as a self-supporting label, which after its production on a data carrier to be secured or other object , for example over a window area of the data carrier.
  • Data carriers within the meaning of the present invention are in particular banknotes, shares, bonds, certificates, vouchers, checks, high-quality entry tickets, but also other papers at risk of forgery, such as passports or other identification documents, and also card-shaped data carriers, in particular chip cards, as well as product security elements such as labels, seals , Packaging and the like.
  • the term “data carrier” also encompasses non-circulatory preliminary stages of such data carriers which, for example in the case of security paper, are in quasi-endless form and are further processed at a later point in time, for example into banknotes, checks, shares and the like.
  • security elements can have optically variable elements that convey different optical impressions to the viewer from different viewing angles.
  • Various techniques are known for producing functional or effect layers which exhibit such optically variable effects.
  • optical interference layers can either be present over the entire surface or in pigment form.
  • Such interference layers typically have a thin layer structure and comprise a reflective layer, an absorber layer and one or more intervening dielectric spacer layers and are based, for example, on mica, on SiO 2 or on Al 2 O 3 .
  • Printing inks with pigments of such single-layer or multilayer interference thin layers are also available.
  • interference layers it is also possible to use cholesteric liquid crystals, which are present, for example, as liquid-crystalline silicone polymers.
  • holograms which typically comprise metallic layers produced by vacuum vapor deposition, or diffraction gratings, also show a different optical impression for a viewer at different viewing angles.
  • the different optical impressions for a viewer can convey a so-called color shift effect, in which different color tones can be recognized by the viewer from different viewing angles.
  • effect layer is completely transparent and thus invisible to a viewer at a certain viewing angle, while it shows a color tone at a different viewing angle (effect angle).
  • Interference layers consisting of a single dielectric layer, printing inks with pigments from such interference layers or printing inks with liquid crystalline pigments are often highly translucent at all viewing angles, so that the color impression that the viewer can recognize when looking at the effect layer at the effect angle is relatively weak.
  • Such effect layers with strong light permeability are therefore preferably applied over dark or black backgrounds in order to improve the perceptibility of the color change.
  • multilayer interference layers and multilayer interference layer pigments show a lower translucency and are sometimes completely opaque.
  • moiré magnification arrangements The basic mode of operation of such moiré magnification arrangements is described in the article " The moire magnifier ", MC Hutley, R. Hunt, RF Stevens and P. Savander, Pure Appl. Opt. 3 (1994), pp. 133-142 described.
  • moiré enlargement denotes a phenomenon that occurs when a grid of identical image objects is viewed through a lenticular grid with approximately the same grid size occurs.
  • a moiré pattern results, which in this case appears as an enlarged and possibly rotated image of the repeated elements of the image grid.
  • Further design variants and effects that are based on this mechanism are, for example, in the article " Properties of moiré magnifiers ", Kamal et al., Optical Engineering 37 (11), pp. 3007-3014 (November 1998 ) described.
  • Regular microlens arrays can also be used as verification means for security elements, as shown in FIG EP 1147 912 B1 is described. In this case, certain structures of a security element only become visible to the user when viewed through such a verification element, so that the function of the security element can be hidden from an impartial observer.
  • an optically variable security element with an achromatically reflective microstructure in the form of a mosaic is known.
  • the mosaic shows a predetermined motif which is composed of a number of image points, the image points each being made up of a large number of achromatically reflecting micromirrors.
  • the micromirrors are formed, for example, from metallized flanks of a sawtooth structure.
  • the flanks of the micromirrors of a pixel have the same angle of inclination, while the angles of inclination of the flanks of the various pixels differ.
  • the image points show different optical impressions for the viewer from different viewing angles.
  • a see-through security element with a blind image is known.
  • the blind image has raised, line-shaped, opaque areas which have a characteristic size and a distance from one another that cannot be resolved with the naked eye. When viewed vertically, the blind image is therefore essentially transparent. If, on the other hand, the viewer tilts the blind image perpendicular to the line-shaped, opaque areas, these areas block the view and the blind image appears opaque to the viewer.
  • the height-to-width ratio of the opaque areas is typically in the range of 2: 1.
  • the space between the raised areas can also be filled with a translucent, that is to say semi-transparent, or even completely transparent lacquer.
  • the raised areas are transparent and vapor-deposited with an opaque coating at an angle, which results in an asymmetrical, opaque coating of the raised areas.
  • an asymmetrical view which depends on the orientation of the blind image in relation to the viewer.
  • photonic crystals which show a color change under mechanical pressure.
  • Such photonic crystals often have the structure of inverse opals. They typically have cavities which are produced, for example, by dissolving SiO 2 nanoparticles with dilute hydrofluoric acid. Because of the necessary use of hydrofluoric acid, the production of such photonic crystals is complex on the one hand, and a significant amount of time is required to dissolve the SiO 2 nanoparticles in the hydrofluoric acid, which prevents the rapid production of such photonic crystals and security elements with such photonic crystals . It is also known to embed such photonic crystals in the form of spherical nanoparticles in a compressible matrix.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a security element which is easy to test and which can preferably be produced in a rapid process, that is to say, for example, can dispense with the use of the aforementioned photonic crystals.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is to provide an elastically deformable, in particular compressible area, which can assume a deformed and an undeformed state and thus different spatial positions or preferably also different spatial dimensions. Macroscopic rearrangements of the elastically deformable area or other elements of the security element that are mechanically connected to the elastically deformable area are thereby achieved by external mechanical pressure. This results in a multitude of possibilities for changing the visual appearance and thus the visual impression on the viewer as a result of mechanical pressure. The change in the visual impression can be recognized by the viewer with the naked eye.
  • the security element according to the invention comprises an elastically deformable and optionally also compressible area and a functional structure that creates a visual impression on the viewer.
  • the elastically deformable area and the functional structure interact mechanically with one another in such a way that, in an undeformed state of the elastically deformable area, a visual impression of the functional structure results that differs from the visual impression in a deformed state of the elastically deformable area.
  • the use of the elastically deformable area in connection with a functional structure which according to the invention creates an easily verifiable, changeable visual impression, ensures that such a security element cannot be imitated by a simple copy, for example by a color copier.
  • Such elastically deformable areas can only be produced with significantly greater effort.
  • the variable visual impression of the functional structure which requires a precisely defined mechanical interaction between the elastically deformable area and the functional structure, cannot easily be imitated by a forger, but can easily be checked by a user.
  • the mechanical interaction between the elastically deformable area and the functional structure for generating a variable visual impression can be implemented in various ways.
  • the functional structure itself can also be implemented in various ways.
  • the functional structure that creates the visual impression on the viewer has optically variable properties and creates different optical impressions on the viewer from different viewing angles.
  • the functional structure here comprises an interference thin layer or a layer with interference thin layer pigments.
  • the functional structure can alternatively also comprise a metallization.
  • the spatial position of part of the functional structure or the entire functional structure in the undeformed state of the elastically deformable area differs from the spatial position within the security element in the deformed state of the elastically deformable area.
  • the functional structure is designed in such a way that this change in position changes the visual impression that the functional structure creates on the viewer.
  • the position of at least part of the functional structure within the security element is changed macroscopically for this purpose.
  • the change in the spatial position can relate to the spatial position within the security element and / or the alignment of the at least one part of the functional structure within the security element.
  • an angle of the functional structure changes and thus also the viewing angle at which an observer sees the at least part of the functional structure.
  • a security element is thus created in which, due to the mechanical interaction between the elastically deformable area and the functional structure, the viewing angle at which the functional structure is seen changes due to the mechanical pressure on the security element, without the external perspective of the observer on the security element changing as a whole needs to change.
  • the functional structure includes an optically variable layer, the corresponding optically variable effect can be observed, for example in security elements that cannot be tilted because of their attachment, without the observer having to change his position relative to the security element for the necessary change in the observation angle.
  • the functional structure contains an optically variable element, with which a security element is created in which optically variable elements are introduced into an otherwise preferably translucent, elastically deformable area.
  • the optically variable element of the functional structure therefore experiences the same macroscopic change in position and / or change in orientation as the elastically deformable area.
  • the functional structure is firmly connected to the surface of the elastically deformable area and also includes an optically variable element.
  • the functional structure is arranged directly on the elastically deformable area. This can be done by flocking the elastically deformable area with, for example, uniform layer thickness, with fibers which show a color shift effect, for example due to cholesteric liquid crystal pigments or thin-layer interference pigments contained therein. When mechanical pressure is applied to the substrate, the viewing angle of the fibers changes, and a color-shifting effect results.
  • a further intermediate layer is provided between the elastically deformable area and the functional structure, which, although made of an inflexible, rigid material, nevertheless allows a spatial change in the position of the functional structure when the elastically deformable area is deformed .
  • the intermediate layer is made from a rigid, inflexible material, for example as a broken layer, which results in elements that are mechanically independent of one another and thus individually tiltable.
  • the elastically deformable area can then advantageously be designed as a flat, compressible layer with a uniform layer thickness, which ensures simple and inexpensive production of the elastically deformable area.
  • the functional structure is firmly connected to the surface of the elastically deformable, preferably compressible area, this area being structured and having a structure with a spatially varying layer thickness.
  • This allows the functional structure on the elastic deformable area can be arranged at a suitable angle at which a changeable, optically variable impression, such as a color shift effect, can be perceived even with a slight deformation of the elastically deformable area and thus even when a slight mechanical pressure is exerted on the security element.
  • the elastically deformable area can have a sawtooth or lamellar structure, the functional structure being arranged on the flanks of the sawtooth or lamellar.
  • the plastic layer used can for example consist of an adhesive, a resin or an embossing lacquer.
  • the elastic parameters of the plastic layer are set, for example, by crosslinking, so that an elastomer with suitable elasticity and possibly suitable compression behavior is produced.
  • the crosslinking can take place, for example, via (UV) radiation or the action of temperature. However, the crosslinking can also take place automatically after a predetermined time, for example when using a two-component plastic.
  • the crosslinking can take place in a separate process step following the embossing of the plastic layer.
  • the crosslinking can also take place in one process step together with the embossing, for example by embossing at an elevated temperature.
  • the crosslinking can also take place or be completed before the plastic layer is provided, so that an elastomer with the desired elastic and preferably compressible properties is already present before the embossing. The prerequisite for this is that such an elastomer can still be permanently embossed to the desired extent.
  • the embossing can thus create an elastically deformable and optionally compressible layer with a spatially varying layer thickness, with many degrees of freedom for the specific design of the embossed structure.
  • the elastically deformable embossing structure and also the embossing die preferably have a sawtooth structure, which is particularly preferably regular.
  • the functional structure for example in the form of an optically variable layer, is then applied to the flanks of the saw teeth. With mechanical pressure, the saw teeth are reversibly turned over, which changes the viewing angle and therefore a changed visual impression for the viewer without the entire security element, for example, having to be tilted or generally changed in its position.
  • embossing soft plastics and elastomers which may not yet have been finally crosslinked, since such soft plastic layers show, for example, increased adhesion to the embossing die, so that it cannot be removed from the embossed structure at will.
  • adhesion of the embossed structure to the embossing die can be reduced by a suitable surface coating of the embossing die, for example in the form of a suitable release layer.
  • the embossing it is also possible, at the same time as the embossing, to transfer a coating from the embossing die onto the surface of the embossing structure.
  • the adhesion of the coating to the die is preferably less than the adhesion of the coating to the surface to be provided with the embossed structure.
  • the coating can optionally be removed again from the embossing structure.
  • the coating remains on the embossed structure and forms at least part of the functional structure, which is arranged, for example, exclusively on the flanks of the sawtooth-like embossed structure and not on the vertical edges of the sawtooth structure.
  • the coating transferred from the die onto the embossed surface is preferably a metallization.
  • other layers of a functional structure can also be transferred, such as, for example, the dielectric layer of an interference thin layer or a layer with interference thin layer pigments or liquid crystal pigments.
  • the saw teeth of the sawtooth structure of the elastically deformable area When deformed, the saw teeth of the sawtooth structure of the elastically deformable area generally show less tilting in their foot area than at the tips of the saw teeth. Since the largest possible proportion of the optically variable layer of the functional structure should be influenced by mechanical pressure and the area in which the optically variable effect cannot be influenced by mechanical pressure, should be as small as possible, it is advantageous if the foot area of the saw teeth does not show any optically variable effect.
  • the functional structure has, for example, recesses in the foot area of the saw teeth. In the case of an interference thin layer, it is sufficient if only one of the layers that form the interference layer has gaps in the foot area so that the remaining coatings in this area no longer form an interference thin layer with an interference effect.
  • the functional structure can be covered in the foot area of the saw teeth.
  • the aforementioned recesses are produced by steaming the embossed structure at an angle.
  • the vapor deposition takes place in the direction of the flanks of the sawtooth structure of the embossed structure, so that the tips of the sawtooths shade the foot area of the flank of the respectively adjacent sawtooth.
  • the vertical edges of the sawtooth structure are also not coated with such an oblique vapor deposition.
  • a metallization or an optically variable layer can be vapor-deposited.
  • a low-viscosity washing ink is first applied to the embossed structure before a coating is applied to the embossed structure.
  • the wash color flows into the deepest points and thus only covers the foot areas of the flanks of the saw teeth.
  • the low-viscosity washing ink advantageously removes the wetting from the tips of the sawtooth structure, which can be achieved by means of a suitable surface tension of the washing ink with respect to the embossed structure.
  • the desired coating is then applied over the entire surface of the embossed structure and the wash color.
  • the washing color preferably has a highly porous surface which is not completely covered by the applied coating, whereby the washing color can be washed out in a further process step despite the applied coating, so that the desired cutouts are created in the foot area of the sawtooth structure.
  • the desired coating is applied over the entire surface of the sawtooth structure of the embossed structure.
  • a low-viscosity top color is then applied to the coated embossed structure so that the foot areas of the flanks of the sawtooth structure of the embossed structure are covered and thus no longer produce an optically variable effect.
  • the creation of the recesses in the foot area of the embossed structure is combined with the previously mentioned transfer of a coating when the embossed structure is embossed.
  • the desired coating to be transferred is applied over the entire surface of the embossing die.
  • the coating is then removed again in the area of the tips of the sawtooth structure of the die.
  • an adhesive layer is applied over the entire surface of the die or the coating applied to the die and then the plastic layer, which forms the elastically deformable area in the finished process product, is embossed with the die prepared in this way, so that the desired embossing structure is created
  • Adhesive layer is transferred with the coating present in areas.
  • the coating at the tips of the sawtooth structure of the embossing stamp was removed before the embossing step, after the transfer of the coating, as desired, there is no coating in the foot area of the sawtooth structure of the embossing structure.
  • the removal of the coating from the tips of the embossing die can be achieved by mechanical rubbing on the tips. It is advantageous here if the applied coating is a slightly splitting coating.
  • the desired coating is again applied over the entire surface of the die.
  • a low-viscosity adhesive is then applied to the sawtooth structure of the embossing stamp, so that it collects in the foot areas of the sawtooth structure of the embossing stamp before the embossing structure is embossed.
  • the coating then only remains on the embossing structure at the points where an adhesive layer was previously applied. In other words, an embossed structure is created that only shows a coating at the tips and has the desired recesses in the foot areas.
  • the adhesion of the coating to the die is stronger than the adhesion of the coating to the embossing structure, so that when the embossing die is pulled off the embossing structure, the coating in the foot area of the sawtooth structure of the embossing structure is peeled off again.
  • the embossing stamp preferably consists of a hard embossing lacquer, since in this case the desired adhesive strengths of the various coatings and adhesive layers can easily be matched to one another.
  • the plastic layer to be embossed has a two-layer structure and comprises an upper and a lower layer, the lower layer being able to be removed in a targeted manner after the embossing. If a sawtooth structure is embossed in a central area of such a two-layer substrate, the upper layer comes to lie on the surface of the flanks of the saw teeth, while the lower layer lies below these flanks and in the simplest case on the vertical ones Edges of the sawtooth structure is exposed. In a further process step, the lower layer is then removed, so that only the upper layer, which had previously formed the flanks of the saw teeth, remains as a lamellar structure.
  • This lamellar structure forms the elastically deformable area of the security element, which can be designed to be incompressible.
  • such lamellae have the advantage that the lamellae can be elastically deformed, in particular completely folded over, even at a lower mechanical pressure, so that they are, for example, parallel to the surface of the security element.
  • the security element in particular its elastically deformable area, generally has a sawtooth or lamellar structure, as is described, for example, in the second variant of the second embodiment of the first embodiment of the invention, it can be advantageous if the tips of the saw teeth or lamellae are mechanically connected to one another in order to evenly distribute a mechanical pressure exerted on the security element to the individual saw teeth or lamellae.
  • the saw teeth or lamellae then show a uniform elastic deformation and possibly compression, which results in a uniform change in the visual impression when the elastically deformable area is deformed.
  • This mechanical connection is preferably done by laminating, for example, an inflexible translucent film to the tips of the saw teeth or lamellae, the translucent film having, for example, a thin laminating adhesive layer.
  • the functional structure lies in the simplest case in front of the elastically deformable area in the viewing direction, so that the optical properties of the elastically deformable area are irrelevant.
  • the elastically deformable area can therefore be opaque, for example.
  • the light path or the beam path within the security element in the undeformed state of the elastically deformable area differs from the light path in the deformed state of the elastically deformable area.
  • the spatial position of a part of the functional structure in the undeformed state of the elastically deformable area differs from the spatial position in the deformed state of the elastically deformable area.
  • the functional structure comprises a first and a second element for this purpose.
  • the second element is arranged in front of the first element in the viewing direction and is translucent.
  • the elastically deformable area forms a spacer for the first and second element of the functional structure, and in the undeformed state of the elastically deformable area, the first and the second element of the functional structure are spaced from each other, so that there is, for example, a gap, while in the deformed state the elastic Deformable area, the first and the second element of the functional structure are spatially in contact with one another.
  • the spacer is designed to be compressible. However, due to its elastic properties alone, it can ensure the necessary spatial relative movement of the first and second element of the functional structure.
  • the second element is on the rear side, i. H. totally reflective, in particular retro-reflective, on the surface opposite the first element.
  • the undeformed state of the elastically deformable area d. H. if the first and the second element are spaced apart from one another, it is not possible to see through the first element of the functional structure, which is located behind the second element in the viewing direction. The first element is therefore not visible in this state of the security element.
  • spatial contact between the first and second element instead of a transition to air, which is located in the gap between the first and second element, there is now a transition to the material of the first element of the functional structure on the rear side of the second element.
  • this material has a refractive index different from one, the refractive conditions on the rear side of the second element of the functional structure change in such a way that the condition of total or retro-reflection is canceled.
  • the light path or the beam path changes within the functional structure of the security element, and the first element of the functional structure becomes visible and can be viewed.
  • the second element has a reflective or partially reflective coating on the back and the first element on the front.
  • interference effects as they are known, for example, in the form of Newton's rings, can be specifically amplified and used as a visual effect.
  • the shape of such Newton's rings generally depends on the distance or the spatial variation of the distance between the first and second element of the functional structure. The distance that occurs at a given mechanical pressure can be adjusted, for example, by means of suitable spacers.
  • a dielectric layer with a constant layer thickness on the rear side of the second element of the functional structure, while a fully reflective layer is located on the opposite front side of the first element of the functional structure.
  • the elastically deformable area and the functional structure are each formed in layers. Furthermore, the elastically deformable area is translucent and is arranged in front of the functional structure in the viewing direction. In the simplest case, the translucent, elastically deformable area replaces the translucent first element of the functional structure of the previously described first configuration of the second embodiment of the invention and thus forms part of the functional structure.
  • the translucent, elastically deformable area on the rear side opposite the functional structure is designed to be retro-reflective.
  • the functional structure is composed of a printed image or of metallized and demetallized areas.
  • the functional structure is particularly preferably an optically variable layer that exhibits, for example, a color shift effect.
  • the functional structure can be structured in a location-dependent manner in the form of a raster image, for example the absorber layer and the dielectric layer can be removed in certain areas.
  • the reflective layer can also be removed in certain areas.
  • the functional structure can also include a diffraction grating, preferably in combination with a metallization and / or a high-index layer.
  • any other possibility can also be used, in which the angle-dependent view of the underlying functional structure is possible or not possible due to angle-dependent reflection.
  • the security element comprises a moiré magnification arrangement.
  • the functional structure forms the micro-image arrangement of such a moiré magnification arrangement
  • the elastically deformable area is arranged as a translucent intermediate layer between the microlens arrangement of the moiré magnification arrangement and the functional structure.
  • the elastically deformable area is designed as a flat, compressible layer with an essentially constant layer thickness.
  • the elastically deformable area can be compressed by mechanical pressure, whereby the distance between the microlens array and the microimage array is changed.
  • the focusing condition within the moiré magnification arrangement is changed by mechanical pressure.
  • the elastically deformable region has a spatially varying layer thickness
  • the functional structure comprises an optically variable layer.
  • the elastically deformable area has, for example, inclined flanks opposite the surface of the security element, whereby the light path is broken when viewed perpendicularly and the optically variable layer behind the elastically deformable area in the viewing direction can be seen at an observation angle that is already clear in the undeformed state of the elastically deformable area deviates from the actual angle at which the security element is viewed.
  • the viewing angle onto the optically variable layer can deviate significantly from the surface normal of the preferably planar optically variable layer.
  • the elastically deformable area can again be in the form of a sawtooth structure and, as already discussed above, can be produced by embossing.
  • the elastically deformable area in this configuration of the second embodiment is translucent, and instead of a change in the spatial position of the functional structure, the angle of view of the functional structure lying behind the elastically deformable area in the viewing direction is on the one hand by the spatially varying layer thickness and, on the other hand, changed by mechanical pressure on the elastically deformable area, for example a sawtooth structure.
  • the tips of the saw teeth can again be mechanically connected, as already in connection with the first embodiment.
  • flanks of the sawtooth structure of the elastically deformable area can be provided with a further coating, preferably a metallization, in order to produce a blind effect, for example.
  • a combination of the WO 2007/079851 A1 known tiltable achromatic micromirrors and from the WO 2008/049533 known blind effect can be created, because the functional structure arranged behind the elastically deformable area, which shows, for example, a color shift effect, is only visible when viewed obliquely through the uncoated, vertical edges of the sawtooth structure of the elastically deformable area due to the metallized, mirrored flank of the sawtooth structure of the elastically deformable area is.
  • the metallization preferably has on the flanks of the sawtooth structure in the foot area of the sawtooth cutouts, which can be achieved, for example, by inclined vapor deposition or metallization.
  • the elastically deformable area is designed as a flat layer with a substantially spatially uniform layer thickness.
  • a further translucent layer made of a translucent material, which is mechanically connected to the elastically deformable area and comprises a plurality of elements which can preferably be individually tilted.
  • microlenses are produced with a coating with a uniform layer thickness, in particular with an interference thin layer.
  • a coating with a uniform layer thickness in particular with an interference thin layer.
  • the layer thickness depends on the orientation of the surface in relation to the direction of vapor deposition.
  • no interference thin layers with a uniform color shift effect can be created on microlens arrays, since the color shift effect in such interference thin layers depends on the layer thickness of the dielectric layer.
  • vertical cylinders are arranged on a translucent, flat layer at the points where a microlens is to be created.
  • a reflective layer, a dielectric layer and a partially reflective layer are vapor-deposited by vertical vapor deposition, so that a thin interference layer with a uniform layer thickness of the various layers, in particular the dielectric layer, is created on the flat surface and on the end faces of the cylinders.
  • the planar layer and the cylinders are then, for example, heated or otherwise suitably treated, so that the thermoplastic material, for example, from which the planar layer and the cylinders are made, runs.
  • the cylinders and the planar structure connect and form microlenses at the locations of the cylinders below the interference thin layer.
  • the material of which the flat layer and the cylinder are made can furthermore be elastically deformable and then forms an elastically deformable area in the security element.
  • a security element is thus created with an elastically deformable area with microlenses, which have an optically variable coating, preferably in the form of a thin interference layer, as a functional structure.
  • the lenses contained can either be reversibly deformed directly by pressure or, including the thin interference layer, transferred into an elastomer. When the cylinders run to the microlenses and also when the microlenses are deformed, the applied thin interference layer may break, but this is irrelevant for the color impression.
  • the elastically deformable area preferably exhibits a temporal hysteresis such that it initially remains in the deformed state for a predetermined period of time after a mechanical pressure has been exerted.
  • At least one of these contact surfaces can also have a suitable (translucent) adhesive layer, which ensures that the two areas adhere to one another for a limited period of time and that the two areas are subsequently detached from one another without any disruption.
  • a suitable (translucent) adhesive layer can be created, for example, by radiation-crosslinkable silicones.
  • a banknote 1 is shown as a data carrier. It comprises a security element 2 in which the linear tips of a sawtooth structure are shown schematically.
  • Fig. 2a a side view of a security element 2 with a sawtooth structure is shown.
  • a compressible, elastically deformable region 4 in the form of a layer with saw teeth 5 and thus with a spatially varying layer thickness is arranged on a carrier substrate 1a.
  • a coating 3, which forms a functional structure, is arranged on the flanks of the saw teeth.
  • the coating 3 is a metallization or an optically variable layer.
  • the flank angle of the saw teeth 5 is selected in such a way that, in the event of deformation, the perceptibility of the changing visual impression of the coating 3 is supported. If the coating 3 is, for example, an optically variable layer that exhibits a color shift effect, it is arranged within the security element 2 in such a way that when the security element 2 is viewed vertically, the color shift effect occurs even with a slight deformation of the elastically deformable area 4.
  • FIG. 2b is a variant of the in Fig. 1 shown security element 2 is shown.
  • the saw teeth 2 consist of a rigid, inflexible material and are arranged on an elastically deformable, compressible area 4 in the form of a flat layer with a uniform layer thickness.
  • the saw teeth 5 are not mechanically connected to one another, which is indicated by the broken lines 6.
  • the rigid saw teeth 5 can be tilted individually on the elastically deformable layer 4 and partially immerse into it.
  • the flanks of the saw teeth 5 in turn carry the desired coating 3.
  • the elastically deformable area 4 is designed in this embodiment as a flat, compressible layer with a uniform layer thickness, which can be created easily and inexpensively.
  • Such mechanically unconnected rigid saw teeth 5 can form a broken layer, which can be obtained by deliberately causing a hard lacquer to tear, for example by pulling the carrier substrate over an edge or by stretching, pressure or thermal stress on the carrier film.
  • the root areas of the saw teeth 5 represent preferred areas for such a crack because of the layer thickness there is only small or that decreases to zero.
  • the cracks or fractures can be induced before or after the hard layer is brought into contact with the flexible layer.
  • such a sawtooth structure is produced from a hard lacquer on a carrier film.
  • the sawtooth structure is laminated with a laminating adhesive, the elasticity of which can be suitably adjusted, for example, by crosslinking, so that the laminating adhesive forms the desired, elastically deformable area 4.
  • the carrier film is then peeled off in a separating winding process and, at the same time or at a later point in time, the sawtooth structure of the inflexible, rigid lacquer is broken. whereby individual saw teeth 5 arise on the elastically deformable area 4.
  • FIG 2c is another variant of the in Fig. 2a Shown embodiment shown.
  • the compressible, elastically deformable area 4 is again in the form of a layer with saw teeth 5.
  • the functional structure lies here as a flat layer 7 in the viewing direction behind the elastically deformable area 4.
  • the saw teeth 5 of the elastically deformable area 4 are therefore designed to be translucent.
  • the functional structure is viewed through the inclined flanks of the saw teeth 5, as a result of which the light path is refracted and the angle at which the functional structure 7 is viewed deviates significantly from the viewer's perspective of the security element 2.
  • the flank angle of the saw teeth. 5 is set in such a way that a variable visual impression, for example a color shift effect, occurs even with a slight deformation of the saw teeth 5.
  • Fig. 2d is a variant of the in Figure 2b Shown embodiment shown.
  • the functional structure shown is provided as a flat layer 7, which lies behind the saw teeth 5 made of rigid, inflexible material and the elastically deformable area 4 in the viewing direction.
  • the saw teeth 5 and the elastically deformable area 4 are translucent in order to allow the functional structure to be viewed, primarily through the inclined flanks of the saw teeth 5.
  • the saw teeth 5 When the saw teeth 5 are subjected to mechanical pressure, they tilt and partially plunge into the elastically deformable area 4, as a result of which the angle at which the functional structure is seen changes.
  • Fig. 3 is another variant of the in Fig. 2a Shown embodiment shown.
  • the elastically deformable area is in the form of lamellae 9.
  • the lamellae 9 can have a functional structure in the form of the coating 3.
  • Such lamellas 9 can be produced, for example, by embossing a sawtooth structure into a two-layer embossing structure.
  • a layer 1b is applied to the carrier substrate 1a and an intermediate layer thereon, the material of the layer 1b having a lower or no solubility with respect to a specified solvent than the intermediate layer.
  • the sawtooth structure is then embossed into the two layers, the layer 1b and the intermediate layer, the intermediate layer being completely structured and the layer 1b still partially structured.
  • the elastically deformable area 4 and the coating 3 are then applied, each of which is almost insoluble in relation to the intermediate layer with the intended solvent.
  • the soluble intermediate layer is removed with the solvent provided, so that the lamellae 9 remain and are anchored in the layer 1b.
  • the material of the intermediate layer can also be selected such that the intermediate layer can be removed in another way, for example by thermal melting, evaporation or blowing off.
  • the lamellae 9 form the elastically deformable area 4, which has a suitable mechanical elasticity and can be incompressible.
  • the lamellae 9 can be provided with a further thin, flexible layer to protect against mechanical breakage.
  • a security element 2 with a sawtooth structure is shown.
  • the tips of the saw teeth 5 are mechanically connected by a layer 8 that is rigid at least in certain areas.
  • the layer 8 is made so rigid that it ensures a uniform distribution of the mechanical pressure on the saw teeth 5 at least in the corresponding area.
  • the layer 8 ensures a uniform deformation and compression of the saw teeth 5.
  • the slats 9 shown are mechanically connected by such a layer 8, which ensures a uniform deformation of the slats 9.
  • the layer 8 thus ensures an at least regionally uniform change in the visual impression of the functional structure when mechanical pressure is exerted on the security element 2.
  • the layer 8 is translucent. It is created, for example, by laminating an inflexible translucent film onto the tips of the saw teeth 5 or lamellae 9, the translucent film having, for example, a thin laminating adhesive layer.
  • the layer 8 is to be referred to as rigid if it distributes a local mechanical pressure on its surface over a large area over a certain area of the saw teeth 5.
  • the rigidity of a conventional PET film can be sufficient to meet this requirement.
  • the rigid layer 8 additionally offers protection for the individual lamellae 9 against mechanical breakage.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown shows a functional structure which is comprised by the elastically deformable region 4.
  • the functional structure is thus part of the elastically deformable area 4.
  • the functional structure includes optically variable elements in the form of liquid crystal or interference thin-film pigments.
  • the elastically deformable area is in the form of fibers 10, which then show a color-shifting effect.
  • Such fibers 10 are also referred to as color shift fibers.
  • color shift fibers 10 With mechanical pressure on such color shift fibers 10, the spatial position of the fibers 10 within the security element 2 changes and thus the viewing angle at which the viewer sees the optically variable elements contained in the color shift fibers 10, which means that for a viewer in the case of mechanical Pressure on such a security element 2 results in a changed visual impression.
  • Such color shift fibers 10 are preferably not compressible.
  • a plurality of such color shift fibers 10 are then preferably arranged next to one another in the security element, for example in the manner of a velvet fabric. This results in a region of the security element which produces a visual impression that changes uniformly under mechanical pressure. If the optically variable elements have only a low color strength, as is the case, for example, with liquid crystal or interference thin-film pigments, a dark background can be provided for the color shift fibers 10 by creating the substrate
  • the elastically deformable area 4 comprising the functional structure is not provided in the form of fibers 10, but in the form of lamellae 9, as shown in FIG Fig. 3 is shown, or in the form of saw teeth 5, as shown in Fig. 2a is shown. The in each case can then Figures 2a and 3 The coating 3 shown is omitted.
  • an interference thin layer 11 is arranged on a carrier substrate 1 a.
  • This consists of a partially reflective layer 11.1 (absorber) made of Cr, a dielectric layer 11.2 made of SiO 2 and a reflective layer 11.3 (reflector) made of Al.
  • This thin interference layer 11 produces, depending on the viewing angle, a different color impression for the viewer and, in particular, a color shift effect.
  • An elastically deformable, compressible area 4 in the form of a structure with saw teeth 5 is arranged on this thin interference layer 11.
  • a metallic coating 3 is vapor-deposited on the flanks of the saw teeth 5.
  • the metallic coating 3 can be applied by oblique vapor deposition, so that recesses 12 are created in the metallic coating in the foot region of the saw teeth 5.
  • the metallic coating 3 consists of Al.
  • the metallic coating 3 of the flanks of the saw teeth 5 creates achromatic micromirrors, the alignment of which can be changed by mechanical pressure on the saw teeth 5.
  • the metallic coating 3 prevents the thin interference layer 11 from being able to be observed through the flanks of the saw teeth 5.
  • the vertical edges 13 are not coated and allow the thin interference layer 11 to be viewed in a restricted angular range.
  • the area of the vertical edges 13 and thus the angular range under which the interference thin layer 11 can be viewed is changed or reduced.
  • a blind effect is produced which allows the thin interference layer 11 to be viewed in the undeformed state of the saw teeth 5 of the elastically deformable region 4 in a different shape than in the deformed state.
  • the security element appears as an essentially continuously metallized surface. Since the flank angle of the saw teeth in their root area changes only slightly under mechanical pressure because of the low layer height of the elastically deformable area 4 there, recesses 12 are provided in this area.
  • the elastically deformable layer 4 is translucent in this exemplary embodiment.
  • a variant of this exemplary embodiment, not shown, represents a further development of that from FIG WO 2006/049533
  • the raised, opaque or coated areas disclosed there and optionally also the transparent areas lying between them are produced from an elastically deformable material.
  • visually different impressions can be produced not only by tilting the security element, but also by mechanical pressure, preferably in the form of a shear force.
  • an interference thin layer 11 is again arranged on a carrier substrate 1a. Above this is a translucent, rigid embossing lacquer layer 15. Above this there is a translucent, compressible, elastically deformable area 4.
  • the embossing lacquer layer 15 and elastically deformable layer 4 each have spatially varying layer thicknesses. In the undeformed state of the elastically deformable area 4, the embossing lacquer layer 15 and the elastically deformable layer 4 are spaced from one another and have a cavity 16 in the form of a gap between them. Embossing lacquer layer 15 and elastically deformable area 4 have a corresponding sawtooth structure on the opposite surfaces.
  • the elastically deformable layer 4 is designed in such a way that total reflection results at the flanks of the sawtooth structure for light rays coming from above in the figure. This can be achieved by a sufficiently high refractive index, by a suitable rear surface coating and / or by a suitable choice of the flank angle of the saw teeth.
  • the elastically deformable area 4 extends laterally beyond the embossing lacquer layer 15 and forms spacers at these points in order to create the cavity 16 in the undeformed state. In the deformed state of the elastically deformable area 4, the opposing surfaces of the embossing lacquer layer 15 and the elastically deformable area 4 engage one another, so that the cavity 16 disappears. This changes the optical conditions at the rear boundary surface of the elastically deformable area 4, as a result of which the condition of total reflection is canceled. Thus, when the elastically deformable area is deformed, it is possible to see through the thin interference layer 11 underneath.
  • the contact surface between the elastically deformable area 4 and the embossing lacquer layer 15, that is to say the rear side of the elastically deformable area 4 and the front side of the embossing lacquer layer 15, thus have mutually corresponding surfaces which ensure good mechanical contact.
  • the mechanical, spatial contact between the elastically deformable area 4 and the embossing lacquer layer 15 can be promoted by a further thin, soft, translucent layer, not shown, on the back of the elastically deformable area 4 and / or on the front of the embossing lacquer layer 15. In the simplest case, both surfaces can also be flat.
  • the contact surface comprises the entire opposing surfaces of the elastically deformable area 4 and embossing lacquer layer 15.
  • the elastically deformable area 4 and the embossing lacquer layer 15 can thus each be constructed as a film, the spacing of which can be reversibly changed.
  • FIG. 8 an exemplary embodiment is shown in which there is again an interference thin layer 11 on a carrier substrate 1a.
  • a compressible, elastically deformable area 4 is formed on the interference thin layer 11, which is made up of two superimposed, directly adjoining, translucent, compressible, elastically deformable layers 4a and 4b.
  • the two translucent, elastically deformable layers 4a and 4b have a jagged boundary surface 14 at right angles.
  • the two elastically deformable, translucent layers 4a and 4b differ in their refractive indices and / or have a suitable coating on the interface 9, so that in the undeformed state of the elastically deformable layer 4 at the interface 14 the condition for retro-reflection for in light rays coming from above the figure is fulfilled.
  • the layer 4b can be formed from air which is enclosed between the layers 4a and 11, so that there is a large difference in the optical refractive index from the layer 4a.
  • the shape of the interface 14 changes, so that in the deformed state the condition of retro-reflection is no longer met.
  • Mechanical pressure on the security element makes it possible to see through the thin interference layer 11 underneath.
  • An elastically deformable area 4 in the form of a flat layer with spacers 4c is provided on a carrier substrate 1a.
  • the flat layer of the elastically deformable area 4 is coated with a reflective layer 11.3.
  • a dielectric layer 11.2 and a partially reflective layer 11.1 are located above this, spaced apart by a cavity 16.
  • Above is a rigid, translucent layer 17. If the partially reflective layer 11.1 and the dielectric layer 11.2 above the cavity 16 are spaced apart from the reflective layer 11.3, a viewer who looks at the exemplary embodiment from above in the figure will see a visual impression that is essentially determined by the metallic, reflective layer 11.3.
  • the partially reflective layer 11.1, the dielectric layer 11.2 and the reflective layer 11.3 lie directly on top of one another, then these form a thin interference layer 11 and the visual impression changes significantly.
  • this interference thin film 11 shows a color shift effect, so that the visual impression changes at different viewing angles.
  • the spacing of the partially reflective layer 11.1 and the dielectric layer 11.2 from the reflective layer 11.3 is set via spacers 4c, which are also elastically deformable.
  • a reflective layer 11.3 and an additional adhesive layer 18 are again provided on the upper side of the spacers 4c.
  • the adhesive layer 18 also acts as a dielectric layer, which is why a thin interference layer is produced on the upper side of the spacers 4c even in the undeformed state.
  • the spacers 4c are arranged in the form of graphic motifs, symbols or characters, so that corresponding information is obtained for a viewer in plan view.
  • this information appears as an optically variable layer in front of a metallic background that is generated by the reflective layer 11.3 on the flat layer of the elastically deformable area 4 outside the spacers 4c.
  • the spacers 4c With mechanical pressure on the rigid, translucent layer 12, the spacers 4c are compressed, so that an optically variable layer results over the entire area in the security element 2.
  • Due to the adhesive layer 18 applied to the top of the spacers 4c however, the dielectric layer has a different thickness in the areas of the spacers 4c than in the other areas.
  • the information formed by it can be recognized in the form of an optically variable layer against the background of an optically variable layer 11 different therefrom.
  • the adhesive layer 18 can also be configured to be opaque and / or colored, which results in a corresponding visual impression of the spacers 4c.
  • Figure 10a shows a schematic side view of a variant of a moiré magnification arrangement and / or a modulo mapper, as shown in FIG PCT / EP 2008/005171 or PCT / EP2008 / 005172 is known, the disclosure of which is included in the present property right in this regard.
  • the magnification arrangement has a microlens arrangement 19 which focuses on a microimage arrangement 20 with microimages 20a.
  • the magnification unit also has a translucent, compressible, elastically deformable area 4 in the form of an intermediate layer 21.
  • Figure 10c an alternative structure of a moiré magnification arrangement and / or a modulo mapper in an undeformed state of the elastically deformable intermediate layer 21 is shown.
  • the microlenses 19a do not focus on the associated planes of the microimages 20a.
  • Such focusing takes place in a deformed state of the elastically deformable intermediate layer 21, whereby the magnification effect in this exemplary embodiment is only recognizable in the deformed state, and thus during and possibly briefly after a mechanical pressure is exerted.
  • a further exemplary embodiment of a moiré magnification arrangement and / or a modulus mapper is shown.
  • This comprises two micro-image arrangements 20 and 20 'lying one behind the other.
  • the microlenses 19a of the microlens array 19 focus on the planes of the microimages 20a of the microlens array 20 located in the front in the viewing direction and at the top in the figure.
  • the microlenses 19a of the microlens array focus 19 to the planes of the microimages 20a 'of the microimage arrangement 20' located at the rear in the viewing direction.
  • a first exemplary embodiment of a manufacturing method for producing a coating 3 on a, for example, embossed sawtooth structure with recesses 12 in the foot area of the sawtooths 5 is outlined.
  • the coating 3 is applied by vapor deposition at an angle in the direction of the flanks of the saw teeth 5, as indicated by the arrows in the figure. As a result, the tips of the saw teeth shade the foot area of the saw tooth 5 located behind in the steaming direction, whereby recesses 12 are created.
  • the coating 3 can be a layer made of metal or some other material.
  • a second exemplary embodiment of a production method for producing a coating 3 on a, for example, embossed sawtooth structure with recesses 12 in the foot region of the sawtooths 5 is outlined.
  • a wash paint 22 is applied to the sawtooth structure.
  • the washing color 22 is of low viscosity and therefore only accumulates in the foot area of the saw teeth within the saw tooth structure.
  • the washing color 22 has a suitable surface tension in relation to the material of the saw teeth, which supports the deposition of the washing color 22 in only the foot areas.
  • the second method step shown is the desired coating 3 applied over the entire surface by vertical vapor deposition.
  • the coating can also be applied in other ways.
  • the wash color 22 has a highly porous surface, which allows the wash color 22 to be washed out together with the overlying coating 3.
  • the in Figure 12c Coating 3 shown with recess 12 in the foot area of the saw teeth 5 is generated.
  • the use of the washing ink 22 allows the desired coating 3 to be applied over the entire surface, which is easy to implement.
  • a third exemplary embodiment of a production method for producing a coating 3 on a, for example, embossed sawtooth structure with recesses 12 in the foot region of the sawtooths 5 is outlined.
  • the desired coating 3 is applied over the entire area.
  • a low-viscosity topcoat 23 is applied, which is only deposited in the foot regions of the saw teeth 5, which can be additionally supported by a suitable surface tension of the topcoat 23 with respect to the coating 3.
  • the covering color 23 is opaque and covers the coating 3 in the foot areas, whereby the optical effect of the coating 3 there is suppressed, which as a result has the same or at least a similar effect as the recesses 12 in the previously described exemplary embodiments.
  • FIG. 14a to 14c and 15 two exemplary embodiments of a manufacturing method for producing a coating 3 on an embossed sawtooth structure with recesses 12 in the foot area of the sawtooths 5 are sketched, the coating 3 being transferred from the die 24 to the flanks of the sawtooths when the sawtooth structure is embossed.
  • the stamping die 24 is suitably treated in each case before the stamping of the sawtooth structure.
  • This can be a metallization transfer in which the coating 3 is a metallization layer.
  • An embossing foil can particularly preferably also be used as the embossing die 24.
  • first embodiment is in a first process step ( Figure 14a ) the desired coating 3 is applied over the entire surface of the embossing surface of the embossing die 24.
  • second, in Figure 14b The illustrated process step removes the coating 3 from the tips of the saw teeth of the embossing surface of the embossing punch 24 again. These tips are easily accessible, so removal can be done by mechanical brushing, such as by the brush 25 in FIG Figure 14b is indicated. The removal of the coating 3 from the tips is made easier if the coating is easy to split.
  • a hard lacquer layer is often used as the material for the die 24.
  • an additional adhesive layer 26 is applied to the embossing die 24.
  • the adhesive layer 26 remains on the embossed structure, that is to say the embossed sawtooth structure, together with the coating 3. Since the tips of the embossing die come to lie in the base areas of the saw teeth 5 of the embossing structure during embossing, the desired recesses 12 are created there, as shown in FIG Figure 12c is already shown.
  • the desired coating 3 is again first applied over the entire surface of the embossing die 24.
  • a low-viscosity adhesive 27 is then applied, which is deposited in the foot regions of the sawtooth structure of the embossing die 24.
  • the embossing die 24 consists of a hard lacquer to which the coating 3, which is a metallization layer, adheres better than to the material of the structure to be embossed.
  • the coating 3 is also pulled off again in the simplest case. In the area of the adhesive 27, however, the coating 3 remains adhered to the embossed structure.
  • FIG. 16a and 16b an embodiment of a production method for producing microlenses 4e in an elastically deformable area 4 with a coating 11 with a uniform layer thickness is shown.
  • a first process step ( Figure 16a ) perpendicular cylinders 4d are arranged on a translucent, flat layer of an elastically deformable area 4 at the points at which a microlens is to be produced.
  • a thin interference layer 11 is applied by vertical vapor deposition on the flat surface of the elastically deformable area 4 and on the end faces of the cylinders 4d. Since the flat surface and the end faces of the cylinder 4d have parallel surfaces and no area is shaded during vapor deposition, layers with uniform layer thicknesses and thus an interference thin layer 11 with a uniform, optically variable effect are produced during vapor deposition.
  • the flat layer of the elastically deformable area 4 and the cylinders 4d which are also part of the elastically deformable area, form a coherent area made of the same material.
  • a second process step ( Figure 16b ) the flat layer and the cylinders 4d are heated, so that the elastically deformable region 4 runs.
  • the elastically deformable area 4 consists of a thermoplastic material.
  • the cylinders 4d and the planar structure combine and form microlenses 4e below the interference thin film 11 at the locations where the cylinders 4d were arranged.
  • a security element with an elastically deformable area with microlenses 4e is created, which have an optically variable coating in the form of a uniform thin interference layer 11.
  • Such a run from already coated cylinders 4d to coated microlenses 4e can also be implemented in materials that are not elastically deformable.
  • the elastically deformable areas 4 in the various exemplary embodiments can contain additional particles, not shown, which are filled with a gas or a liquid and thus oppose a lower mechanical resistance to deformation and possibly compression of the respective elastically deformable area 4 than the rest of the elastic material deformable area 4.
  • the elastically deformable areas 4 can each also be foamed, whereby the volume such an elastically deformable area 4 can be additionally enlarged and this can then be elastically deformed, in particular compressed, to a greater extent.
  • the cylinders 4d consist of a different elastically deformable material than the elastically deformable area 4.
  • the cylinders 4d or the area 4 can also consist of a non-deformable material.
  • the material of the cylinders 4d has a lower melting temperature than the area 4, so that only the cylinders 4d melt when heated. Due to the surface tension, the cylinders 4d are shaped into lenticular structures similar to a water droplet on a plate.

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Claims (20)

  1. Elément de sécurité pour un support de données, comprenant
    - une zone élastiquement déformable, dans lequel des réarrangements macroscopiques de la zone élastiquement déformable sont obtenus par pression mécanique externe, et
    - une structure fonctionnelle, qui produit une empreinte visuelle chez un observateur,
    dans lequel la zone élastiquement déformable et la structure fonctionnelle interagissent l'une avec l'autre, de telle manière qu'il en résulte dans un état non déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable une empreinte visuelle de la structure fonctionnelle, qui se différencie de l'empreinte visuelle dans un état déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable, caractérisé en ce que la position spatiale et/ ou l'orientation d'au moins une partie de la structure fonctionnelle dans l'état non déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable se différencie de la position spatiale et/ou de l'orientation dans l'état déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable et la structure fonctionnelle contient un élément optiquement variable, composé d'une couche mince d'interférence ou de pigments en couche mince d'interférence, qui est solidement relié à la surface de la zone élastiquement déformable.
  2. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la zone élastiquement déformable comprend la structure fonctionnelle.
  3. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la zone élastiquement déformable présente une structure en forme de couche, une couche en un matériau rigide, qui est mécaniquement reliée à la zone élastiquement déformable, est disposée sur la zone élastiquement déformable, et la structure fonctionnelle est disposée sur une surface de la couche en matériau rigide, dans lequel cette couche comprend de préférence une multiplicité d'éléments, qui sont inclinables individuellement.
  4. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la zone élastiquement déformable présente une structure en forme de couche avec une épaisseur de couche variant spatialement, de préférence une structure en dents de scie ou une structure en lamelles, sur les flancs de laquelle la structure fonctionnelle, de préférence en forme de couche, est disposée, dans lequel de manière particulièrement préférée la structure fonctionnelle présente des découpes ou est masquée dans la région du pied de la structure en dents de scie et/ ou les pointes de la structure en dents de scie ou de la structure en lamelles sont solidement reliées les unes aux autres par une couche translucide.
  5. Elément de sécurité pour un support de données, comprenant
    - une zone élastiquement déformable, dans lequel des réarrangements macroscopiques de la zone élastiquement déformable sont obtenus par pression mécanique externe, et
    - une structure fonctionnelle, qui produit une empreinte visuelle chez un observateur,
    dans lequel la zone élastiquement déformable et la structure fonctionnelle interagissent l'une avec l'autre, de telle manière qu'il en résulte dans un état non déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable une empreinte visuelle de la structure fonctionnelle, qui se différencie de l'empreinte visuelle dans un état déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable, caractérisé en ce que lors de l'observation de la structure fonctionnelle dans l'état non déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable il se produit un chemin de lumière à l'intérieur de l'élément de sécurité, qui se différencie du chemin de lumière dans l'état déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable, dans lequel la structure fonctionnelle comprend un premier élément et un deuxième élément translucide, disposé avant le premier élément dans la direction d'observation, dans lequel le premier élément et le deuxième élément sont espacés l'un de l'autre dans l'état non déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable et sont en contact l'un avec l'autre dans l'état déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable.
  6. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième élément, lors de l'écartement du premier élément, est totalement réfléchissant, en particulier rétro-réfléchissant, sur la surface faisant face au premier élément et lors du contact avec le premier élément permet une vue sur le premier élément.
  7. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième élément comprend une couche partiellement réfléchissante et une couche diélectrique et le premier élément comprend une couche réfléchissante ou en ce que le deuxième élément comprend une couche partiellement réfléchissante et le premier élément comprend une couche diélectrique et une couche réfléchissante, qui sont disposées l'une par rapport à l'autre, de telle manière que lors du contact entre le premier et le deuxième élément il se forme une couche mince d'interférence.
  8. Elément de sécurité pour un support de données, comprenant
    - une zone élastiquement déformable, dans lequel des réarrangements macroscopiques de la zone élastiquement déformable sont obtenus par pression mécanique externe, et
    - une structure fonctionnelle, qui produit une empreinte visuelle chez un observateur,
    dans lequel la zone élastiquement déformable et la structure fonctionnelle interagissent l'une avec l'autre, de telle manière qu'il en résulte dans un état non déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable une empreinte visuelle de la structure fonctionnelle, qui se différencie de l'empreinte visuelle dans un état déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable, caractérisé en ce que la zone élastiquement déformable et la structure fonctionnelle sont formées respectivement comme une couche et la zone élastiquement déformable est translucide et est disposée avant la structure fonctionnelle dans la direction d'observation, dans lequel la zone élastiquement déformable dans l'état non déformé remplit la condition pour une rétro-réflexion et dans l'état déformé ne remplit pas la condition pour la rétro-réflexion.
  9. Elément de sécurité pour un support de données, comprenant
    - une zone élastiquement déformable, des réarrangements macroscopiques de la zone élastiquement déformable étant obtenus par pression mécanique externe, et
    - une structure fonctionnelle, qui produit une empreinte visuelle chez un observateur,
    dans lequel la zone élastiquement déformable et la structure fonctionnelle interagissent l'une avec l'autre, de telle manière qu'il en résulte dans un état non déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable une empreinte visuelle de la structure fonctionnelle, qui se différencie de l'empreinte visuelle dans un état déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable, caractérisé en ce que la zone élastiquement déformable et la structure fonctionnelle sont respectivement formées comme une couche et la zone élastiquement déformable est translucide et est disposée avant la structure fonctionnelle dans la direction d'observation, l'élément de sécurité comprenant un dispositif de grossissement par effet de moiré ou un mappeur modulo avec une matrice de microlentilles et une matrice de micro-images, dans lequel la structure fonctionnelle comprend la matrice de micro-images et la zone élastiquement déformable forme une couche disposée entre la matrice de microlentilles et la matrice de micro-images, de telle manière que la distance spatiale entre la matrice de microlentilles et la matrice de micro-images dans l'état non déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable se différencie de la distance dans l'état déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable.
  10. Elément de sécurité pour un support de données, comprenant
    - une zone élastiquement déformable, des réarrangements macroscopiques de la zone élastiquement déformable étant obtenus par pression mécanique externe, et
    - une structure fonctionnelle, qui produit une empreinte visuelle chez un observateur,
    dans lequel la zone élastiquement déformable et la structure fonctionnelle interagissent l'une avec l'autre, de telle manière qu'il en résulte dans un état non déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable une empreinte visuelle de la structure fonctionnelle, qui se différencie de l'empreinte visuelle dans un état déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable, caractérisé en ce que la zone élastiquement déformable et la structure fonctionnelle sont respectivement formées comme une couche et la zone élastiquement déformable est translucide et est disposée avant la structure fonctionnelle dans la direction d'observation, dans lequel la zone élastiquement déformable présente une épaisseur de couche variant spatialement et la structure fonctionnelle forme une couche optiquement variable, dans lequel de préférence la zone élastiquement déformable possède une structure en dents de scie et/ ou les pointes de la structure en dents de scie sont solidement reliées par une autre couche translucide.
  11. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la zone élastiquement déformable porte sur les flancs de la structure en dents de scie au moins localement un revêtement, qui de préférence présente des découpes ou est masqué dans la région du pied de la structure en dents de scie.
  12. Elément de sécurité pour un support de données, comprenant
    - une zone élastiquement déformable, des réarrangements macroscopiques de la zone élastiquement déformable étant obtenus par pression mécanique externe, et
    - une structure fonctionnelle, qui produit une empreinte visuelle chez un observateur,
    dans lequel la zone élastiquement déformable et la structure fonctionnelle interagissent l'une avec l'autre, de telle manière qu'il en résulte dans un état non déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable une empreinte visuelle de la structure fonctionnelle, qui se différencie de l'empreinte visuelle dans un état déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable, caractérisé en ce que la zone élastiquement déformable et la structure fonctionnelle sont respectivement formées comme une couche et la zone élastiquement déformable est translucide et est disposée avant la structure fonctionnelle dans la direction d'observation, dans lequel une autre couche translucide en un matériau rigide est disposée avant la zone élastiquement déformable dans la direction d'observation, laquelle est mécaniquement reliée à la zone élastiquement déformable et présente de préférence une multiplicité d'éléments, qui sont inclinables individuellement.
  13. Elément de sécurité pour un support de données, comprenant
    - une zone élastiquement déformable, dans lequel des réarrangements macroscopiques de la zone élastiquement déformable sont obtenus par pression mécanique externe, et
    - une structure fonctionnelle, qui produit une empreinte visuelle chez un observateur,
    dans lequel la zone élastiquement déformable et la structure fonctionnelle interagissent l'une avec l'autre, de telle manière qu'il en résulte dans un état non déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable une empreinte visuelle de la structure fonctionnelle, qui se différencie de l'empreinte visuelle dans un état déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable, caractérisé en ce que la zone élastiquement déformable et la structure fonctionnelle sont respectivement formées comme une couche, la zone élastiquement déformable est translucide et comprend des microlentilles, et la structure fonctionnelle comprend un revêtement optiquement variable des microlentilles.
  14. Elément de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la zone élastiquement déformable présente lors de la déformation une hystérésis temporelle.
  15. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de sécurité pour un support de données, comprenant les étapes suivantes:
    - préparer une zone élastiquement déformable, dans lequel des réarrangements macroscopiques de la zone élastiquement déformable sont obtenus par pression mécanique externe,
    - préparer une structure fonctionnelle, et
    - établir la zone élastiquement déformable et la zone fonctionnelle de telle manière qu'elles interagissent l'une avec l'autre, de telle manière qu'il en résulte dans un état non déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable une autre empreinte visuelle de la structure fonctionnelle que dans un état déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable,
    dans lequel la préparation de la zone élastiquement déformable comprend les étapes suivantes:
    - préparer une couche de matière plastique, en particulier une couche de colle, de résine ou de laque d'estampage,
    - estamper la couche de matière plastique à l'aide d'un tampon d'estampage pour la production d'une structure d'estampage dans la couche de matière plastique, et
    - régler l'élasticité et de préférence le comportement à la compression de la couche de matière plastique, de préférence par réticulation, de telle manière que la structure d'estampage soit élastiquement déformable et soit de préférence compressible.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, dans lequel la structure d'estampage et le tampon d'estampage présentent une structure en dents de scie régulière.
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 16, comprenant les autres étapes:
    - déposer sur la structure d'estampage un revêtement produisant une empreinte visuelle, qui présente des découpes ou qui n'est pas actif optiquement dans la région du pied des dents de scie de la structure en dents de scie et qui fait de préférence partie de la structure fonctionnelle et comprend de préférence une couche de métallisation, une couche de pigments à cristaux liquides ou une couche de pigments d'interférence en couche mince,
    - soit par:
    - dépôt du revêtement par métallisation oblique de la structure d'estampage en direction des flancs de la structure en dents de scie, de telle manière que les pointes des dents de scie de la structure en dents de scie fassent de l'ombre sur la région du pied de la dent de scie respectivement voisine,
    - soit par:
    - dépôt d'une couleur lavable faiblement visqueuse sur la structure d'estampage,
    - dépôt du revêtement sur toute la surface, et
    - lavage de la couleur lavable,
    - soit par:
    - dépôt du revêtement sur toute la surface sur la structure d'estampage et
    - dépôt d'une couleur couvrante faiblement visqueuse,
    - soit par:
    - dépôt du revêtement sur toute la surface sur le tampon d'estampage,
    - enlèvement du revêtement sur les pointes du tampon d'estampage,
    - dépôt d'une couche de colle sur le tampon d'estampage et
    - transfert du revêtement sur la structure d'estampage lors de l'estampage de la couche de matière plastique,
    - soit par:
    - dépôt du revêtement sur toute la surface sur le tampon d'estampage,
    - dépôt d'une colle faiblement visqueuse sur le revêtement du tampon d'estampage et
    - transfert du revêtement sur la structure d'estampage lors de l'estampage de la couche de matière plastique.
  18. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de sécurité pour un support de données, comprenant les étapes suivantes:
    - préparer une zone élastiquement déformable, dans lequel des réarrangements macroscopiques de la zone élastiquement déformable sont obtenus par pression mécanique externe,
    - préparer une structure fonctionnelle, et
    - établir la zone élastiquement déformable et la zone fonctionnelle de telle manière qu'elles interagissent l'une avec l'autre, de telle manière qu'il en résulte dans un état non déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable une autre empreinte visuelle de la structure fonctionnelle que dans un état déformé de la zone élastiquement déformable,
    - préparer une couche plane avec des cylindres disposés perpendiculairement sur celle-ci pour la création de la zone élastiquement déformable, dans lequel la couche et les cylindres se composent d'un matériau plastique thermoplastique translucide identique ou différent, en particulier d'une colle ou d'une laque,
    - déposer une couche mince d'interférence sur la couche plane et les faces frontales des cylindres par métallisation perpendiculaire pour la création de la structure fonctionnelle, et
    - établir la zone élastiquement déformable et la zone fonctionnelle par chauffage de la couche plane et des cylindres, de telle manière que ceux-ci deviennent des microlentilles.
  19. Support de données, en particulier document de valeur, article de marque et analogues, comprenant un élément de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14.
  20. Elément de transfert comprenant un élément de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, qui est déposé de préférence de façon séparable sur une couche de support.
EP09748243.4A 2008-10-24 2009-10-23 Elément de sécurité avec élément visuel sensible à la pression Active EP2349736B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102008053099A DE102008053099A1 (de) 2008-10-24 2008-10-24 Sicherheitselement mit drucksensitivem Erscheinungsbild
PCT/EP2009/007607 WO2010046125A2 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-23 Elément de sécurité avec élément visuel sensible à la pression

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EP2349736B1 EP2349736B1 (fr) 2018-07-11
EP2349736B2 true EP2349736B2 (fr) 2022-01-05

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DE102013010941A1 (de) * 2013-06-28 2014-12-31 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement mit adaptiven fokussierenden optischen Elementen
MA42904A (fr) 2015-07-10 2018-05-16 De La Rue Int Ltd Procédés de fabrication de documents de sécurité et de dispositifs de sécurité
DE102016104300A1 (de) * 2016-03-09 2017-09-14 Leonhard Kurz Stiftung & Co. Kg Sicherheitselement sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitselements
DE102018118473A1 (de) * 2018-07-31 2020-02-06 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Lichtsteuerfolie, Dokument mit einer Lichtsteuerfolie und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Dokumentes mit einer Lichtsteuerfolie

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DE102008053099A1 (de) 2010-04-29
EP2349736B1 (fr) 2018-07-11
EP2349736A2 (fr) 2011-08-03
WO2010046125A3 (fr) 2010-08-05

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