EP2347503A1 - Système de moteur et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un système de moteur - Google Patents

Système de moteur et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un système de moteur

Info

Publication number
EP2347503A1
EP2347503A1 EP09781979A EP09781979A EP2347503A1 EP 2347503 A1 EP2347503 A1 EP 2347503A1 EP 09781979 A EP09781979 A EP 09781979A EP 09781979 A EP09781979 A EP 09781979A EP 2347503 A1 EP2347503 A1 EP 2347503A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
electric motor
circuit
drive circuit
input voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09781979A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Poetzl
Manfred Spraul
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2347503A1 publication Critical patent/EP2347503A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P4/00—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric motors that can be connected to two or more different electric power supplies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0016—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters
    • H02M1/0019—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters the disturbance parameters being load current fluctuations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H02M7/53875—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the converter used
    • H02P2201/07—DC-DC step-up or step-down converter inserted between the power supply and the inverter supplying the motor, e.g. to control voltage source fluctuations, to vary the motor speed

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to a motor system with an electric motor, which is controlled by a power electronic drive circuit and is powered by a DC voltage source.
  • a power electronic drive circuit such. B. a B6 bridge, an H-bridge and the like, the
  • the drive circuit is generally controlled by a control unit which switches the semiconductor switches to be conductive or non-conductive.
  • the drive device on the input side of the drive circuit on a passive circuit which usually has at least one capacitance, which is generally called DC link capacitance.
  • the voltage varies over the DC link capacitance - -
  • a method for operating a drive unit for an electric motor wherein the drive unit has a drive circuit for driving the electric motor and an intermediate circuit connected upstream of the drive circuit, in particular with a DC link capacity.
  • the method comprises the following steps:
  • One idea of the above method is to minimize the overall volume of the DC link circuit, in particular a DC link capacitor arranged therein, by providing a lower load on the DC link capacitance. This is achieved by reducing the AC load on the DC link capacitance.
  • the RMS current through the DC link circuit which governs the AC load on a DC link capacitance, depends on the input current and the current received by the drive circuit, ie, on the input voltage and / or drive of the drive circuit.
  • the current in the drive circuit can be influenced by adjusting the applied DC link voltage, which depends on the input voltage.
  • the effective current through the intermediate circuit capacitance can also be set as a function of the voltage on the input side of the drive circuit, which also corresponds to the voltage across the intermediate circuit capacitance.
  • the above method can provide both to adjust the input voltage and to control the control unit such that the voltage across the DC link capacity depends on - -
  • the RMS current is set by the intermediate circuit capacitance in order to minimize the AC load of the DC link capacity as possible.
  • variable input voltage can be dependent on the manipulated variable and / or dependent on a motor state variable, in particular a rotational speed, a torque, a motor current, one or more phase voltages, and / or depending on a state variable of the drive circuit, in particular its power loss, and / or dependent be set by a state variable of the DC link circuit, in particular an intermediate circuit voltage or a current through the DC link capacitance.
  • the manipulated variable may correspond to an electrical power, a mechanical power, the desired rotational speed, the desired torque, the motor current, a motor voltage, an angular position or the phase voltage.
  • the adjustment of the input voltage and the operation of the drive circuit may be performed according to a function in which the RMS current is minimized by a capacitance of the DC link circuit.
  • the setting of the input voltage and the operation of the drive circuit is performed according to a function in which the losses in the DC / DC converter are minimized without predetermined RMS currents are exceeded by a capacity of the DC link circuit.
  • the function for adjusting the input voltage during operation or during an explicit teach-in phase can be learned by varying the input voltage and the driving of the electric motor by the drive circuit.
  • the one or more operating points of the at least one predetermined manipulated variable can be stored in a characteristic field.
  • the adjustment of the input voltage and the operation of the drive circuit can be performed by means of a gradient descent method.
  • an apparatus for operating an electric motor comprising: a drive circuit for driving the electric motor,
  • a DC link circuit which is arranged on the input side to the drive circuit and in particular has a DC link capacitance
  • Input voltage is output via the DC link circuit to the drive circuit
  • a drive system for operating an electric motor comprising:
  • a voltage converter for receiving the set-up variable to provide the variable input voltage depending on the set-up variable.
  • an engine system having an electric motor and the above drive system is provided.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an engine system with a drive device having a DC link capacitance
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram for illustrating the dependence of an effective current normalized on the RMS current in the electric motor by the DC link capacitance of one degree of modulation.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an engine system 1 with an electric motor 2, the z. B. may be formed in the form of a synchronous motor.
  • the electric motor can be designed to be multi-phase. In the present case, the electric motor 2 has three phases.
  • the electric motor 2 is driven by a power electronic drive circuit 3.
  • the drive circuit 3 is formed as a B6 bridge circuit having a number of inverter branches, which corresponds to the number of phases of the electric motor 2.
  • Each inverter branch has semiconductor switches 4, namely a pull-high switch and a pull-low switch.
  • one of the pull-high switches and one of the pull-low switches 4 are arranged in series between a high DC link potential V H and a low DC link potential V L.
  • V H high DC link potential
  • V L low DC link potential
  • the pull-high switch therefore pulls the tappable phase of the inverter branch to the high DC link potential V H, and the pull-low switch therefore pulls the tappable phase to the low DC link potential V L.
  • Each of the pull-high and pull-low switch 4 can be used as a power transistor, such as. B. as a field effect transistor, as a thyristor or - -
  • control unit 5 is provided by a control unit 5 by means of suitable control signals transmitted via control lines 6, e.g. a corresponding gate terminal, are supplied, driven.
  • the drive circuit 3 On the input side, the drive circuit 3 is connected to a DC link circuit which contains DC link capacitance 7.
  • the intermediate circuit may comprise further passive components, in particular a choke coil.
  • DC link capacitance 7 is connected to one connection with the high intermediate circuit potential V H and to another connection to the low DC link potential V L.
  • the DC link capacitance 7 serves the purpose of switching the semiconductor switches 4 in the drive circuit 3
  • the high and the low DC link potential V H , V L are provided by a voltage converter 8, in particular a DC-DC converter, which is connected on the input side to a vehicle electrical system of a motor vehicle or generally to an energy source.
  • the DC-DC converter 8 is the input side with a battery (not shown) of the
  • the DC-DC converter 8 is variably controllable, ie according to a
  • DC-DC converter V which is the DC-DC converter 8, e.g. as an electrical signal or as a digital or analogue quantity, via a
  • DC voltage converter 8 can be variably adjusted. - -
  • a control unit 5 is provided, which is connected both to the DC-DC converter 8 and to the drive circuit 3.
  • the control unit 5 is provided externally a manipulated variable SG as a default, which specifies an engine size with which the electric motor 2 is to be controlled.
  • the manipulated variable may correspond, for example, to electrical power, mechanical power, desired speed, desired torque, motor current, motor voltage, angular position or phase voltage. From the manipulated variable SG results in which way the electric motor 2 is to be controlled, so that the electric motor 2 has a predetermined manipulated variable SG corresponding behavior.
  • the control unit 5 can then control the DC-DC converter 8 and the drive circuit 3 in such a way that the motor variable corresponding to the manipulated variable SG is made available.
  • the alternating current load of the DC link capacitance 7 is generally calculated using the following formula:
  • lc_ ⁇ ff corresponds to the RMS current through the DC link capacitance
  • iDCDc (t) corresponds to the current provided by the DC-DC converter 8
  • ipcu (t) corresponds to the (input-side) current received by the drive circuit 3. It can be seen that by approximating the converter current iDCDc (t) and the current through the control circuit ipcu (t), the amount of the effective current lc_ ⁇ ff can be reduced by the DC link capacitance 7.
  • the mean value and effective value of the current through the drive circuit 3 can be influenced by the level of a DC link voltage Uc applied across the DC link capacitance 7. - -
  • an effective current I C e ff normalized to the RMS current in the electric motor 2 is represented by the DC link capacitance C e ff via a modulation factor M.
  • the degree of modulation M behaves inversely proportional to the intermediate circuit voltage Uc and is thus influenced via the DC-DC converter 8.
  • the parameter of the characteristic curves shown in FIG. 2 is the power factor cos ( ⁇ ), which can generally be determined by the quotient of the active power through the apparent power of the electric motor. ⁇ corresponds to the phase angle between current and voltage.
  • the control unit 5 controls the DC-DC converter 8 in a suitable manner.
  • a residual voltage U DC and the predetermined manipulated variable SG results in a corresponding control of the drive circuit 3.
  • the control unit 5 should drive the DC-DC converter 8 only in such a way that output voltages are set within a voltage range.
  • the voltage range is limited to voltages at which the requirement imposed on the electric motor 2 by the manipulated variable SG can be maintained, the drive circuit 3 does not fall into an undervoltage mode or the voltage strengths of the capacitor providing the intermediate circuit capacitance and the semiconductor switch in the drive circuit 3 are not exceeded become.
  • the drive circuit 3 may be e.g. by varying a duty cycle of a pulse width modulated drive or by varying a duty cycle of a space vector modulation the electric motor 2 different services to
  • control unit 5 thus has degrees of freedom in the choice of the controls of the DC-DC converter 8 and the drive circuit 3 to the by the
  • the output voltage u D c of the DC-DC converter 8 is set as low as possible by means of the DC link capacitance 7 in order to minimize the effective current lc_ ⁇ ff. That is, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 8 should be selected so that the required for the electric motor 2 power can still be achieved and the drive circuit 3 can be operated, ie the drive circuit 3 does not come into an undervoltage mode.
  • control unit 5 has, for example, a map block 10 to which the externally provided manipulated variable SG is provided as an input variable and which, depending on the manipulated variable SG, supplies the DC-DC converter variable V to the DC-DC converter 8 and a control circuit manipulated variable S to a pulse generating unit 11 provides.
  • the map block 10 may have a characteristic map in which, for example, an effective current I C e ff is taken into account as a function of the voltage Uc applied across the DC link capacitance 7.
  • Other input variables of the map block 10 may be measured variables, such as the engine speed and / or the angular position of a rotor of the electric motor 2, the phase currents , the phase voltages and an output current I DCDC of the DC-DC converter 8, which can also be measured. It is also possible to determine the DC-DC converter variable V independently of the manipulated variable SG provided, that is, only on the basis of measured variables. Alternatively, instead of or in addition to the manipulated variable SG provided, the current actual value of this variable could also be used as the input variable for the characteristic diagram. As an alternative to a characteristic diagram, V could also be determined from the specified input variables by means of algorithms or formulas stored in a processor.
  • the map can be specified statically. It is also possible to generate or modify the map in operation or in a teach-in mode by using different operating points for different operating points - -
  • Manipulated variables SG of the optimal operating points of the DC-DC converter 8 and the drive circuit 3 are determined and corresponding records are stored in the map for later retrieval.
  • the optimization goal - regardless of whether working with a static map or with an optimization in operation - may be not only the simple minimization of the effective current LC_ ⁇ ff i n the intermediate circuit capacitor. 7
  • the limit values could, for example, also be dependent on the temperature and / or the length of the current load of the DC link capacitance. If the limit values are exceeded, the motor current could immediately be reduced via the pulse generation unit 11 at the expense of the motor power, ie, disregarding the predetermined manipulated variable SG. Once a "better" DC-DC converter control value V has been found / adjusted, then the pulse generating unit 11 can again control the switches 4 in such a way that the higher motor current is provided and thus the manipulated variable SG is taken into account.
  • the pulse generation unit 11 generates the drive pulses for the pull-high switch and pull-low switch 4 of the drive circuit 3 as a function of the drive control manipulated value S, for example, specifies a duty cycle of a space vector modulation to control them according to the drive control value S.
  • the adaptation of the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 8 and the control of the drive circuit 3 can be made adaptive by the RMS current through the DC link capacitance 7, for example by means of a - -
  • the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 8 is set to a specific voltage with the aid of the DC-DC converter control value V.
  • the effective current I C e ff through the DC link capacitance 7 is measured directly or estimated from the engine state variables. If the rms current I e ff becomes too large, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 8 is modified until the rms current C e ff again falls below a certain current threshold value.
  • the control unit 5, the drive circuit 3 and the DC link capacitance 7 are usually provided in a control unit for an electric motor 2 as a unit.
  • a setting line 9 for transmitting the DC-DC converter variable V to a separate and remote from the control unit DC-DC converter 8 is provided by the control unit 5 to drive the DC-DC converter 8 to minimize the AC load of the DC link capacitance 7 variably.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de faire fonctionner une unité de commande pour un moteur électrique, l'unité de commande comprenant un circuit de commande pour la commande du moteur électrique et un circuit intermédiaire monté en amont du circuit de commande, notamment pourvu d'un condensateur pour circuit intermédiaire, procédé caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes : - établissement d'une variable de commande (SG) pour la commande du moteur électrique (2); réglage d'une tension d'entrée variable (UDC) et établissement de la tension d'entrée réglée (UDC), via le circuit intermédiaire, sur l'unité de commande (3); - utilisation du circuit de commande (3) en fonction d'une tension de circuit intermédiaire (UC) disponible, qui dépend de la tension d'entrée réglée (UDC), et en fonction de la variable de commande (SG), en vue de commander le moteur électrique (2) en rapport avec ladite variable de commande (SG).
EP09781979A 2008-10-14 2009-08-19 Système de moteur et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un système de moteur Withdrawn EP2347503A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008042805A DE102008042805A1 (de) 2008-10-14 2008-10-14 Motorsystem sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Motorsystems
PCT/EP2009/060707 WO2010043436A1 (fr) 2008-10-14 2009-08-19 Système de moteur et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un système de moteur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2347503A1 true EP2347503A1 (fr) 2011-07-27

Family

ID=41171284

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09781979A Withdrawn EP2347503A1 (fr) 2008-10-14 2009-08-19 Système de moteur et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un système de moteur

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20110254478A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2347503A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2012505632A (fr)
CN (1) CN102187564A (fr)
DE (1) DE102008042805A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010043436A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013209187A1 (de) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Schaltung zur verbesserten Nutzung einer Kapazität in einem Zwischenkreis
JP6776951B2 (ja) * 2017-03-06 2020-10-28 株式会社デンソー 回転電機制御装置、および、これを用いた電動パワーステアリング装置
JP6893153B2 (ja) * 2017-09-07 2021-06-23 三菱重工サーマルシステムズ株式会社 電流値判定装置、制御装置、電動圧縮機、電流値判定方法及び制御方法
JP6893152B2 (ja) * 2017-09-07 2021-06-23 三菱重工サーマルシステムズ株式会社 電流推定装置、電動圧縮機、電流推定方法及びモータ電流実効値推定方法
JP7443020B2 (ja) * 2019-10-24 2024-03-05 三菱重工サーマルシステムズ株式会社 制御装置、電動圧縮機、リップル電圧の検出方法及びプログラム

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EP1446869A1 (fr) * 2001-11-23 2004-08-18 Danfoss Drives A/S Convertisseur de frequence pour differentes tensions de secteur
JP2005354763A (ja) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-22 Toyota Motor Corp 電圧変換装置
JP2006101675A (ja) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-13 Mitsubishi Electric Corp モータ駆動装置
JP4665569B2 (ja) * 2004-11-30 2011-04-06 トヨタ自動車株式会社 電圧変換装置および電圧変換装置における電圧変換の制御をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読取り可能な記録媒体
CN101404450B (zh) * 2004-11-30 2012-07-18 丰田自动车株式会社 电压变换设备和执行对电压变换设备的电压变换控制的方法
JP4191715B2 (ja) * 2005-10-03 2008-12-03 三菱電機株式会社 車載用電動機制御装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2010043436A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102008042805A1 (de) 2010-04-15
WO2010043436A1 (fr) 2010-04-22
JP2012505632A (ja) 2012-03-01
US20110254478A1 (en) 2011-10-20
CN102187564A (zh) 2011-09-14

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