EP2339164A1 - Injecteur de carburant à compensation de pression doté d'une dérivation et d'un volume d'espace de soupape minimisé - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant à compensation de pression doté d'une dérivation et d'un volume d'espace de soupape minimisé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2339164A1
EP2339164A1 EP10188721A EP10188721A EP2339164A1 EP 2339164 A1 EP2339164 A1 EP 2339164A1 EP 10188721 A EP10188721 A EP 10188721A EP 10188721 A EP10188721 A EP 10188721A EP 2339164 A1 EP2339164 A1 EP 2339164A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
fuel injector
injector according
throttle
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10188721A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Rau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2339164A1 publication Critical patent/EP2339164A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0045—Three-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0071—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059 characterised by guiding or centering means in valves including the absence of any guiding means, e.g. "flying arrangements"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0073—Pressure balanced valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0077—Valve seat details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0078—Valve member details, e.g. special shape, hollow or fuel passages in the valve member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector with a arranged in a holding body actuator module, wherein the holding body is clamped with a nozzle body with the interposition of at least one formed as a throttle plate intermediate body by means of a clamping nut, wherein the throttle plate of at least one high-pressure channel, an inlet channel with an inlet throttle and a flow channel with an outlet throttle is penetrated, wherein between the actuator module and the throttle plate actuated by the actuator module valve having at least one of a valve spring pressure-loaded valve pin, is arranged to form a valve chamber and wherein the valve spring is disposed outside of the valve chamber.
  • Such a fuel injector is from the DE 10 2006 055 487 A1 known.
  • This fuel injector has a control chamber connected to a high-pressure side, via the pressure of which the movement of a nozzle needle is controlled. Furthermore, the fuel injector has a control valve which either blocks or opens the connection of the control chamber to a low-pressure side.
  • control valve in a bore of a guide piece between two valve positions slidably guided fuel-balanced control piston, which blocks the connection of a coming from the control chamber and opening into the bore connection channel to the low pressure side in its closed valve lock and releases in its displaced in the direction of the nozzle needle open valve position ,
  • a throttle plate is arranged, wherein between the control piston and the throttle plate further comprises a leakage chamber is arranged.
  • a valve spring is arranged, which is supported on the throttle plate and moves the control piston in the closed valve position.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a fuel injector, in which takes place after a closing operation of the valve pin the fastest possible pressure build-up in the valve chamber.
  • valve spring is arranged on the actuator module side facing the valve chamber.
  • This refinement is based on the knowledge that a rapid buildup of pressure in the valve space takes place when the volume to be replenished is minimized.
  • Such a volume minimization requires the arrangement of the valve spring outside the valve chamber, wherein the distance of the valve chamber to the throttle plate can be minimized by the inventive arrangement of the valve spring above the valve chamber. Due to the thus reduced distance on the filling side of the valve chamber, the volume to be filled is further reduced compared to the prior art.
  • a rapid pressure build-up in the valve chamber causes the nozzle needle after the closing operation of the valve pin almost immediately reverses their movement. This results in a smaller injection quantity change at An Kunststoffdauer testing urge, whereby the quantity map is significantly flatter.
  • the A / Z ratio can be increased, which increases the robustness against manufacturing tolerances and drifts and thus saves costs by possible expansion of tolerances.
  • the A / Z ratio is the ratio of the measured throttle flows in cm 3 / min. for example, at a pressure difference of 100 bar.
  • the Z throttle flow is constant, with an A throttle flow at a given and increased A / Z ratio.
  • the design according to the invention avoids the disadvantage of a long delay from valve closure to needle reversal.
  • a short delay requires small A / Z ratios.
  • a delay is necessary at least in the prior art to the map spread among other reasons to keep the Hub / Hub scattering in a given framework - also because of a desired robustness.
  • valve space is arranged adjacent to the throttle plate, which in turn is limited in another embodiment directly from the throttle plate.
  • the volume is determined only by the volume of the valve chamber and the connection from the control chamber through the throttle plate to the valve chamber, which in the extreme case depends only on the A throttle.
  • valve pin cooperates with a sealing sleeve and is guided with a portion in this sealing sleeve, in a further embodiment, the sealing sleeve is sealingly inserted in a recess of the throttle plate.
  • the integration of the sealing sleeve in the throttle plate causes the presence of such a sealing sleeve, the distance from the control chamber to the valve chamber remains minimal.
  • the interaction of the valve pin with the sealing sleeve makes it possible to design a second valve seat, which will be explained in greater detail below.
  • the valve pin has a valve flange largely filling the annular flange, which in turn is preferably formed cylindrical with opposite circular frustoconical sections.
  • This embodiment further minimizes the volume of the valve space to be filled and at the same time allows the formation of two opposing valve seats, namely the aforementioned second valve seat V2 between the throttle plate and the adjacent circular frusto-conical portion and the first valve seat V1 between the opposite circular frusto-conical portion and the valve plate by the way, the actual guidance of the valve pin takes place.
  • valve chamber is connected via a controllable bypass with the high pressure passage.
  • This control takes place via the second valve seat V2.
  • the bypass is closed when the valve is fully open, whereby the fuel injector according to the invention during injection has a much lower control amount than conventional pressure balanced fuel injectors with a permanently acting F-throttle, since here the F-throttle is separated from the valve space by the second valve seat V2.
  • This is a very great advantage, because with pressure balanced fuel injectors due to the existing permanent leakage points large and therefore expensive pumps are needed and according to the invention thus has the opportunity to use cheaper pumps, which further significantly reduces the system cost.
  • valve chamber is connected via a controlled by the first valve seat V1 output with a Ab tenukanal.
  • This output to the Ab tenukanal is formed by a recess in the valve pin and / or by grooves in the guide (valve pin and / or valve plate) and / or a play-related leadership of the valve pin in the valve plate. If the valve pin is moved to its open position, takes place through the then opened connection between the valve chamber and connected to the fuel low-pressure system Ab tenukanal in which a return throttle (R-throttle) is used, a pressure reduction in the valve chamber and at the same time in the control chamber, there in this the fuel pressure is also lowered via the A throttle.
  • R-throttle return throttle
  • the design according to the invention results in a significantly lower characteristic slope, which makes it possible to use fuel injectors that quickly decouple, which increases the output of the internal combustion engine without impairing the smallest quantity capability.
  • the injector according to the invention has particularly good hydraulic properties by the simultaneous presence of a bypass and the minimum valve chamber volume. This leads in combination to an extremely fast refilling of the valve space and thus to a very fast needle reversal with the aforementioned flat map.
  • the fuel injector according to the invention is used in particular in a common-rail injection system for particular self-igniting powered by diesel fuel internal combustion engines.
  • a common rail system is designed for a fuel pressure up to 3000 bar.
  • fuel is supplied from a fuel tank from a pre-pressure pump, if necessary via a filter device of a high pressure pump, wherein a metering unit arranged in front of the high pressure pump determines the amount of fuel to be delivered by the high pressure pump.
  • the fuel is conveyed in a high-pressure accumulator (rail), from which the fuel is supplied to the fuel injector according to the invention.
  • the fuel injector is installed in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and injects the fuel into the associated combustion chamber of a cylinder unit.
  • the fuel injector has a holding body 1, in which an actuator module 2 and a coupler module 3 are used.
  • a coupler piston 4 cooperates with an actuating lug 5 with a valve pin 6 which is inserted and guided in a valve plate 7 adjoining the holder body 1.
  • the valve pin 6 by a valve spring 8, located at a recess of the valve plate 7 and attached to the valve pin 6 retaining ring 9 is supported against the operating lug 5.
  • the control chamber 11 is arranged between a nozzle needle 12, which is guided in a nozzle body 13, and the throttle plate 10.
  • the nozzle body 13 is screwed with the inclusion of the valve plate 7 and the throttle plate 10 by means of a clamping nut 14 with the holding body 1.
  • a high pressure passage 15 which is connected to the high-pressure accumulator, and extends through the holding body 1, the valve plate 7, the throttle plate 10 into the nozzle body 13, the fuel is supplied to a pressure chamber 16. If the nozzle needle is moved from the illustrated closed position to an open position, a flow connection between the pressure chamber 16 and injection channels 17 is created and fuel is injected into the associated combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • valve pin 6 The aforementioned valve, consisting inter alia of the guided in the valve plate 7 valve pin 6 further has a valve chamber 18 which is inserted into the valve plate 7 directly adjacent to the throttle plate 10.
  • the valve pin 6 has a valve space 18 largely filling cylindrical annular flange 19 with opposite circular frustoconical portions 20a, 20b.
  • the portion 20a forms, together with the valve body 7, a first valve seat, which is connected via a recess 21 adjacent to the portion 20a with a discharge channel 22.
  • a so-called R-throttle 23 is turned on and the Ab tenukanal 22 is connected via a further flow connection 24 in the holding body 1 with the low pressure region of the fuel injection system.
  • valve pin 6 If the valve pin 6 is moved by the actuating lug 5 into its open position, the fuel located in the valve chamber 18 can flow away via the opened first valve seat, the recess 21 into the discharge channel 22. Since the Valve chamber 18 at the same time via a discharge channel with inserted outlet throttle (A-throttle) 25 is connected to the control chamber 11, the fuel pressure in the control chamber is reduced because more fuel flows through the Abêtkanal with the A-throttle 25, as at the same time via an inflow channel an inserted inlet throttle (Z-throttle) 26 can flow from the high pressure passage 15 into the control chamber 11.
  • A-throttle inserted outlet throttle
  • the sealing sleeve 27 has a bore in which a subsequent to the circular frustoconical portion 20b part of the valve pin 6 is guided.
  • the sealing sleeve 27 is inserted into a recessed into the throttle plate 10 recess and has a cooperating with the bottom of the recess sealing surface 28.
  • the sealing surface 28 seals a leakage space 29 below the guided in the sealing sleeve 27 part of the valve pin 6 relative to a sealing sleeve 27 surrounding high-pressure chamber.
  • the leakage chamber 29 is connected via a line connection with the diversion channel 22 and the flow connection 24 to the low-pressure region.
  • the high-pressure region surrounding the sealing sleeve 27 is interconnected via a filling channel, shown in dashed lines, with an inserted F-throttle 30 with the high-pressure channel 15 opening into the nozzle body 13.
  • the high-pressure region surrounding the sealing sleeve 27 is interconnected via a bypass 31 with the second valve seat formed by the circular-frustoconical section 20b.
  • the sealing surface 28 formed by an O-ring 28 R is in the detail variant after FIG. 2 the sealing surface 28 formed by an O-ring 28 R. Furthermore, the Abjurikanal 22 is formed with the R-throttle 23 by grooves 32 in the guide of the valve pin 6.
  • the grooves 32 may be incorporated into the valve plate 7 and / or the valve pin 6 and open into the valve spring chamber, which is also connected to the flow connection 24.
  • the sealing surface 28 is formed by a double biting edge 28 A (outside) and 28 I (inside).
  • the sealing surface 28 can also be represented by seals which form a space with the throttle plate 10, wherein the space is hydraulically connected to the bypass-side pressure surface on the valve pin 6 via a bore in the sealing sleeve 27 and on the other side via the F-throttle 30 is connected to the high-pressure chamber. Since the biting edge A separates the outside of the sealing sleeve 27 from the high-pressure part, it is possible in this advantageous variant to connect the A-throttle 25 with this space surrounding the sealing sleeve 27. The hydraulic connection to the valve chamber 18 then takes place, for example, via a bore 33, which is shown at an angle in this variant, in the sealing sleeve 27.
  • the fuel injector according to FIG. 4 is basically similar to that according to FIG. 1 designed, but here is not cooperating with the valve pin 6 sealing sleeve 27 is present.
  • the valve pin 6 is provided with an end-flat seat 34 instead of the circular frustoconical portion 20b, which cooperates with a sealing surface on the throttle plate 10.
  • the bypass 31 opens into the valve chamber 18, wherein the switching function of the valve pin 6 analogous to the in FIG. 1 described embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP10188721A 2009-12-23 2010-10-25 Injecteur de carburant à compensation de pression doté d'une dérivation et d'un volume d'espace de soupape minimisé Withdrawn EP2339164A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910055267 DE102009055267A1 (de) 2009-12-23 2009-12-23 Druckausgeglichener Kraftstoffinjektor mit Bypass und minimiertem Ventilraumvolumen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2339164A1 true EP2339164A1 (fr) 2011-06-29

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10188721A Withdrawn EP2339164A1 (fr) 2009-12-23 2010-10-25 Injecteur de carburant à compensation de pression doté d'une dérivation et d'un volume d'espace de soupape minimisé

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2339164A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009055267A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2466108A1 (fr) * 2010-12-20 2012-06-20 Robert Bosch GmbH Soupape d'injection de combustible
EP2479418A1 (fr) * 2011-01-21 2012-07-25 Robert Bosch GmbH Soupape d'injection de combustible
WO2013000618A1 (fr) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur de carburant
EP2511514A3 (fr) * 2011-04-11 2013-11-13 Robert Bosch GmbH Soupape d'injection de combustible
CN106593723A (zh) * 2017-01-18 2017-04-26 哈尔滨工程大学 双路进油旁通式电控喷油器

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106593724B (zh) * 2017-01-18 2023-03-21 哈尔滨工程大学 一种带液力反馈的旁通式电控喷油器
JP6642478B2 (ja) 2017-02-22 2020-02-05 株式会社デンソー 燃料噴射装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1908952A2 (fr) * 2006-10-05 2008-04-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur pour une installation à injection de carburant
DE102006055487A1 (de) 2006-11-24 2008-05-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor
DE102007047426A1 (de) * 2007-05-15 2008-11-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injektor mit Piezoaktor
DE102008001330A1 (de) * 2008-04-23 2009-10-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1908952A2 (fr) * 2006-10-05 2008-04-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur pour une installation à injection de carburant
DE102006055487A1 (de) 2006-11-24 2008-05-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor
DE102007047426A1 (de) * 2007-05-15 2008-11-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injektor mit Piezoaktor
DE102008001330A1 (de) * 2008-04-23 2009-10-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2466108A1 (fr) * 2010-12-20 2012-06-20 Robert Bosch GmbH Soupape d'injection de combustible
EP2479418A1 (fr) * 2011-01-21 2012-07-25 Robert Bosch GmbH Soupape d'injection de combustible
EP2511514A3 (fr) * 2011-04-11 2013-11-13 Robert Bosch GmbH Soupape d'injection de combustible
WO2013000618A1 (fr) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur de carburant
CN106593723A (zh) * 2017-01-18 2017-04-26 哈尔滨工程大学 双路进油旁通式电控喷油器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009055267A1 (de) 2011-06-30

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