EP2331809B1 - Fuel supply system for heavy oil common rail injection systems - Google Patents

Fuel supply system for heavy oil common rail injection systems Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2331809B1
EP2331809B1 EP09740623A EP09740623A EP2331809B1 EP 2331809 B1 EP2331809 B1 EP 2331809B1 EP 09740623 A EP09740623 A EP 09740623A EP 09740623 A EP09740623 A EP 09740623A EP 2331809 B1 EP2331809 B1 EP 2331809B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
pressure
supply system
fuel supply
valve member
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Active
Application number
EP09740623A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2331809A2 (en
Inventor
Christian Graspeuntner
Joachim Lackner
Johannes Schnedt
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP2331809A2 publication Critical patent/EP2331809A2/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/004—Sliding valves, e.g. spool valves, i.e. whereby the closing member has a sliding movement along a seat for opening and closing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0011—Constructional details; Manufacturing or assembly of elements of fuel systems; Materials therefor
    • F02M37/0023—Valves in the fuel supply and return system
    • F02M37/0029—Pressure regulator in the low pressure fuel system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/005—Pressure relief valves
    • F02M63/0052—Pressure relief valves with means for adjusting the opening pressure, e.g. electrically controlled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/023—Means for varying pressure in common rails
    • F02M63/0235—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure
    • F02M63/025—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure from the common rail
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/0275—Arrangement of common rails

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel supply system for common rail heavy fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines with a tank, a prefeed pump for conveying heavy oil from the tank to a high-pressure pump, wherein the high-pressure pump is connected via at least one high-pressure line to a high-pressure accumulator (rail), the at least one injection injector feeds, and further with a purge valve, which is connected via its own high-pressure line to the high-pressure accumulator to control at least a subset of the heavy oil via a return line into the tank.
  • heavy oil For cost reasons, low-quality fuels such as heavy oil are used in very large diesel engines, especially in marine diesel engines. Due to the special physical properties of heavy oils, special precautions must be taken to operate with heavy oil. For example, the viscosity of heavy fuel oil is much higher than normal diesel fuel, so heating to more than 80 ° C is required to pump the heavy oil at all.
  • the high viscosity of heavy fuel oil means that fuel must always be circulated in the piping system during engine standstill in order to prevent the formation of heavy oil in the pipes.
  • a purge valve is provided in common-rail heavy fuel injection systems of the type mentioned, which is closed during operation of the engine and thereby the high-pressure side parts of the fuel system and thus the rail against a low-pressure side fuel return line through which fuel into the tank can be returned, closes.
  • this flush valve can now be opened so that fuel from the High pressure side is passed through the high pressure lines and the rail through the valve to the low pressure side and subsequently into the tank in the circuit, wherein the fuel is maintained by a preheater at a corresponding temperature, so that a solidification of the heavy oil is prevented in the lines.
  • the purge valve In addition to the possibility of generating a circulation flow for controlling the temperature of the fuel in the system, the purge valve also has the function of an emergency stop valve. By suitable control of the purge valve, the system pressure can be lowered very quickly in an emergency, without the injection injectors themselves must be disabled.
  • a fuel supply system of the type mentioned in the further developed such that the valve seat of the valve member is designed as a sliding seat.
  • the sealing effect is not achieved by pressing a sealing surface on a valve seat, but by an increased overlap length of the sealing surfaces, between which a narrow gap remains.
  • small permanent leaks occur. If particles are temporarily trapped between the sealing surfaces, they can lead to damage, but since the sealing effect is due to the narrow gap and the overlap length, this damage does not affect the sealing effect.
  • the fuel can be preheated before each feeding into the heavy oil lines, so that the lines and other components can be kept at a corresponding temperature in order to avoid an excessive increase in the viscosity in the downtime of the engine.
  • the fuel supply system according to the invention is further developed such that the valve member is guided displaceably in a valve sleeve and having a formed by a return control edge, which is displaceable to open the valve in the region of the radially opening into the valve sleeve high-pressure line and to close the valve the mouth of the high-pressure line to form an overlap of valve member and valve sleeve is displaceable.
  • the sealing surfaces arranged on the outer jacket of the valve member and on the inner jacket of the valve sleeve cooperate with one another and have a large overlap length, so that only extremely small leakage quantities occur when the valve is closed.
  • valve member is now moved in such a way that the control edge formed by the return passes into the region of the mouth of the high-pressure line and the fuel can flow off over the region of the valve member which is delimited by the control edge and has a smaller diameter.
  • an annular flow area is released or increased.
  • the size of the recess on the valve member determines the annular Flow cross-section and thus the flow rate, wherein a formation can be made such that the flow rate is sufficient to keep the viscosity of the heavy oil in the lines correspondingly low.
  • the invention can be further developed according to a preferred embodiment in that the high-pressure line opens into an annular groove of the valve sleeve.
  • a retraction of the valve member in the region of the high-pressure line opening radially into the valve sleeve leads directly to a relatively large flow rate.
  • the fuel supply system according to the invention is further developed such that the maximum coverage corresponds to at least 0.1 to 0.5 times the valve member diameter, so that the invention desired insensitivity of the purge valve can be achieved against wear by choosing a sufficiently large overlap length of the sealing surfaces ,
  • the invention is developed to the effect that the actuating means are designed as pneumatic means, so that the hitherto used reaching actuation systems for flushing valves can also be used in the flush valves according to the invention, in a particularly simple manner, the invention is further developed such that a With pressurized medium, in particular compressed air, can be acted upon line in a limited by a transverse to the direction of displacement surface of the valve member space.
  • the transverse to the direction of displacement surface of the valve member forms in a suitable cylinder from a piston which can be moved by the pressure of the injected pressure medium against the force of a spring, whereby the actuation of the valve member is triggered.
  • a pressure spring acting on the valve member in the closing direction is advantageously provided.
  • the fuel supply system according to the invention is developed with advantage to the effect that a control device is provided which cooperates with the purge valve to open the valve when the internal combustion engine.
  • FIG. 1 a fuel supply system according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 a section through a flush valve according to the prior art
  • Fig. 3 a flush valve of the fuel supply system according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a common rail heavy fuel injection system shown schematically. From the tank 1 is supplied by a prefeed pump 3 fuel, which was heated in the preheater 2, via a fuel filter 4 and fuel lines 11 at least one high-pressure pump 5, where the fuel is compressed to system pressures of higher than 1400 bar. The compressed fuel passes through high pressure lines 12 in at least one rail 6, which is equipped inter alia with at least one pressure relief valve 13 and a rail pressure sensor 7. The pressure in the rail 6 is set by the control unit 10 by regulating the amount of fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump 5 into the high-pressure line 12. Starting from the rail 6, the fuel passes via a flow restrictor 18 via the high-pressure line 14 into the injection injector 8, which is likewise controlled by the control unit 10.
  • the fuel control amount required for the function of the injection injector 8 passes back into the tank 1 via the low-pressure lines 17.
  • a further high-pressure line 15 leads from the rail 6 to a flushing valve 9 , which is controlled by the control unit 10, a subset of the fuel directly in low pressure lines 16 can abgresn that lead directly back to the tank 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section through a flush valve 9 according to the prior art.
  • the flush valve consists of a body 20, a valve sleeve 23, a valve member 28, a housing 30, a spring 25 and a cover 24.
  • a compressed air connection 27 is provided, which with the pressure chamber 31 formed by the housing 30 and piston 26 in Connection is and is sealed to the valve sleeve 23 out with an O-ring 26. If there is no pressure at the compressed-air connection 27, then the spring 25, which is supported on the cover 24 firmly connected to the housing 30 and on the piston 26, pushes the valve member 28 into the valve seat 29 formed in the valve sleeve 23.
  • Fig. 3 shows the fuel supply system according to the invention.
  • the valve 9 is designed in the form of a sliding seat valve.
  • the valve member 28 has a control edge 33 which, in cooperation with the control edge 32 arranged in the valve sleeve 23, releases or blocks the flow through the valve.
  • the spring 25 presses the valve member 28 against the housing 30 so that only a minimal gap remains between the valve sleeve 23 and valve member 28, which allows a small amount of leakage.
  • the pressure chamber 31 is acted upon by the compressed air line 27 with compressed air, the air pressure pushes the valve member 28 in the direction of the cover 24.
  • the control edge 33 on the valve member 28 the control edge 32 of the valve sleeve 23 passes, a significantly larger flow cross-section is released and the Abêtmenge increases sharply at.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage für Common-Rail Schweröl-Einspritzsysteme für Brennkraftmaschinen mit einem Tank, einer Vorförderpumpe zum Fördern von Schweröl vom Tank zu einer Hochdruckpumpe, wobei die Hochdruckpumpe über wenigstens eine Hochdruckleitung mit einem Hochdruckspeicher (Rail) verbunden ist, der wenigstens einen Einspritzinjektor speist, und weiters mit einem Spülventil, das über eine eigene Hochdruckleitung an den Hochdruckspeicher angeschlossen ist, um wenigstens eine Teilmenge des Schweröls über eine Rückführungsleitung in den Tank abzusteuern.The invention relates to a fuel supply system for common rail heavy fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines with a tank, a prefeed pump for conveying heavy oil from the tank to a high-pressure pump, wherein the high-pressure pump is connected via at least one high-pressure line to a high-pressure accumulator (rail), the at least one injection injector feeds, and further with a purge valve, which is connected via its own high-pressure line to the high-pressure accumulator to control at least a subset of the heavy oil via a return line into the tank.

Aus Kostengründen werden bei sehr großen Dieselmotoren, insbesondere bei Schiffsdieselmotoren, minderqualitative Kraftstoffe wie beispielsweise Schweröl eingesetzt. Aufgrund der besonderen physikalischen Eigenschaften von Schwerölen müssen für den Betrieb mit Schweröl besondere Vorkehrungen getroffen werden. Beispielsweise ist die Viskosität von Schweröl wesentlich höher als von normalem Dieselkraftstoff, sodass eine Erwärmung auf mehr als 80°C erforderlich ist, damit das Schweröl überhaupt gepumpt werden kann.For cost reasons, low-quality fuels such as heavy oil are used in very large diesel engines, especially in marine diesel engines. Due to the special physical properties of heavy oils, special precautions must be taken to operate with heavy oil. For example, the viscosity of heavy fuel oil is much higher than normal diesel fuel, so heating to more than 80 ° C is required to pump the heavy oil at all.

Die hohe Viskosität von Schweröl bedingt, dass auch während des Motorstillstands immer Kraftstoff im Leitungssystem im Kreis gepumpt werden muss, um das Festwerden von Schweröl in den Leitungen zu verhindern.The high viscosity of heavy fuel oil means that fuel must always be circulated in the piping system during engine standstill in order to prevent the formation of heavy oil in the pipes.

Zu diesem Zweck ist in Common-Rail Schweröl-Einspritzsystemen der eingangs genannten Art ein Spülventil vorgesehen, welches während des Betriebs des Motors geschlossen ist und dabei die hochdruckseitigen Teile des Treibstoffsystems und damit auch das Rail gegenüber einer niederdruckseitigen Treibstoffrückführleitung, durch welche Treibstoff in den Tank rückgeführt werden kann, verschließt. Bei Stillstand des Motors kann nun dieses Spülventil geöffnet werden, sodass Treibstoff von der Hochdruckseite durch die Hochdruckleitungen und das Rail durch das Ventil zur Niederdruckseite und in der Folge in den Tank im Kreis geführt wird, wobei der Treibstoff durch einen Vorwärmer auf einer entsprechenden Temperatur gehalten wird, sodass ein Festwerden des Schweröls in den Leitungen verhindert wird.For this purpose, a purge valve is provided in common-rail heavy fuel injection systems of the type mentioned, which is closed during operation of the engine and thereby the high-pressure side parts of the fuel system and thus the rail against a low-pressure side fuel return line through which fuel into the tank can be returned, closes. When the engine is stopped, this flush valve can now be opened so that fuel from the High pressure side is passed through the high pressure lines and the rail through the valve to the low pressure side and subsequently into the tank in the circuit, wherein the fuel is maintained by a preheater at a corresponding temperature, so that a solidification of the heavy oil is prevented in the lines.

Neben der Möglichkeit, eine Kreislaufströmung zur Temperierung des Kraftstoffs im System zu erzeugen, besitzt das Spülventil gleichzeitig auch die Funktion eines Notstoppventils. Durch geeignete Ansteuerung des Spülventils kann im Notfall der Systemdruck sehr schnell abgesenkt werden, ohne dass die Einspritzinjektoren selbst deaktiviert werden müssen.In addition to the possibility of generating a circulation flow for controlling the temperature of the fuel in the system, the purge valve also has the function of an emergency stop valve. By suitable control of the purge valve, the system pressure can be lowered very quickly in an emergency, without the injection injectors themselves must be disabled.

Die bisher bekannt gewordenen Ausführungen von derartigen Spülventilen waren Ventile mit einem herkömmlichen Ventilsitz, bei welchen ein kegelstumpfförmiges Ventilglied auf einen Ventilsitz gepresst wurde, wobei die Dichtwirkung durch eine entsprechend starke Flächenpressung erreicht wurde (s.z.B. EN1081748-A) . Nachteilig war bei diesen Ausbildungen, dass mit zunehmender Betriebsdauer des Spülventils Probleme mit der Dichtheit auftraten: Partikel können den Kegelsitz vorschädigen und erosive Eigenschaften des Kraftstoffs den Sitz völlig zerstören. Ein weiterer Verschleißmechanismus sind Mikrobewegungen, welche von der Betätigung des Spülventils herrühren. Durch den Verschleiß am Ventilsitz wird die vorhandene Flächenpressung reduziert, und es kommt zu Undichtheit.The previously disclosed embodiments of such purge valves have been valves with a conventional valve seat in which a frusto-conical valve member has been pressed onto a valve seat, the sealing effect being achieved by a correspondingly high surface pressure (see, for example, EN1081748-A). A disadvantage of these designs was that with increasing operating time of the purge valve problems with the tightness occurred: Particles can damage the conical seat and erosive properties of the fuel completely destroy the seat. Another wear mechanism is micromotion resulting from actuation of the purge valve. The wear on the valve seat reduces the existing surface pressure and leads to leaks.

Es ist somit Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiterzubilden, dass Verschleißerscheinungen am Spülventil bzw. deren Auswirkungen reduziert werden und Lebensdauer und Betriebssicherheit eines Spülventils in einer derartigen Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage verbessert werden.It is therefore an object of the present invention to develop a fuel supply system of the type mentioned in that wear on the flush valve or its effects are reduced and life and reliability of a purge valve can be improved in such a fuel supply system.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weitergebildet, dass der Ventilsitz des Ventilglieds als Schiebesitz ausgebildet ist. Bei einer solchen Ausbildung eines Spülventils wird die Dichtwirkung nicht durch das Anpressen einer Dichtfläche auf einen Ventilsitz erreicht, sondern durch eine erhöhte Überdeckungslänge der dichtenden Flächen, zwischen denen ein enger Spalt verbleibt. Bei dieser Konstruktion treten kleine permanente Leckagen auf. Werden Partikel kurzfristig zwischen den Dichtflächen eingeklemmt, können diese zwar zu Beschädigungen führen, da die Dichtwirkung aber aufgrund des engen Spalts und der Überdeckungslänge zustande kommt, wird durch diese Beschädigung die Dichtwirkung nicht beeinträchtigt. Mittels des Vorwärmers kann der Treibstoff jeweils vor dem Einspeisen in die Schwerölleitungen vorgewärmt werden, sodass die Leitungen und weiteren Bauteile auf einer entsprechenden Temperatur gehalten werden können, um ein übermäßiges Ansteigen der viskosität in den Stillstandszeiten des Motors zu vermeiden.To achieve this object, according to the present invention, a fuel supply system of the type mentioned in the further developed such that the valve seat of the valve member is designed as a sliding seat. In such a design of a flushing valve, the sealing effect is not achieved by pressing a sealing surface on a valve seat, but by an increased overlap length of the sealing surfaces, between which a narrow gap remains. In this construction, small permanent leaks occur. If particles are temporarily trapped between the sealing surfaces, they can lead to damage, but since the sealing effect is due to the narrow gap and the overlap length, this damage does not affect the sealing effect. By means of the preheater, the fuel can be preheated before each feeding into the heavy oil lines, so that the lines and other components can be kept at a corresponding temperature in order to avoid an excessive increase in the viscosity in the downtime of the engine.

Mit Vorteil ist die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage dahingehend weitergebildet, dass das Ventilglied in einer Ventilhülse verschieblich geführt ist und eine durch einen Rücksprung gebildete Steuerkante aufweist, die zur Öffnung des Ventils in den Bereich der radial in die Ventilhülse mündenden Hochdruckleitung verschiebbar ist und zum Schließen des Ventils aus der Mündung der Hochdruckleitung unter Ausbildung einer Überdeckung von Ventilglied und Ventilhülse verschiebbar ist. Dabei wirken die am Außenmantel des Ventilglieds und am Innenmantel der Ventilhülse angeordneten Dichtflächen miteinander zusammen und weisen eine große Überdeckungslänge auf, sodass bei geschlossenem Ventil nur äußerst geringe Leckagemengen auftreten. Zum Öffnen des Ventils wird nun das Ventilglied derart verschoben, dass die durch den Rücksprung gebildete Steuerkante in den Bereich der Mündung der Hochdruckleitung gelangt und der Kraftstoff über den von der Steuerkante begrenzten, mit geringerem Durchmesser ausgebildeten Bereich des Ventilglieds abfließen kann. Beim Öffnen des Ventils wird somit ein ringförmiger Durchflussquerschnitt freigegeben bzw. vergrößert. Die Größe des Rücksprungs am Ventilglied bestimmt dabei den ringförmigen Durchflussquerschnitt und damit die Durchflussmenge, wobei eine Ausbildung derart getroffen werden kann, dass die Durchflussmenge ausreicht, um die Viskosität des in den Leitungen befindlichen Schweröls entsprechend gering zu halten.Advantageously, the fuel supply system according to the invention is further developed such that the valve member is guided displaceably in a valve sleeve and having a formed by a return control edge, which is displaceable to open the valve in the region of the radially opening into the valve sleeve high-pressure line and to close the valve the mouth of the high-pressure line to form an overlap of valve member and valve sleeve is displaceable. The sealing surfaces arranged on the outer jacket of the valve member and on the inner jacket of the valve sleeve cooperate with one another and have a large overlap length, so that only extremely small leakage quantities occur when the valve is closed. To open the valve, the valve member is now moved in such a way that the control edge formed by the return passes into the region of the mouth of the high-pressure line and the fuel can flow off over the region of the valve member which is delimited by the control edge and has a smaller diameter. When opening the valve thus an annular flow area is released or increased. The size of the recess on the valve member determines the annular Flow cross-section and thus the flow rate, wherein a formation can be made such that the flow rate is sufficient to keep the viscosity of the heavy oil in the lines correspondingly low.

Zur Erhöhung der Durchflussmenge durch das Spülventil kann die Erfindung gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform dahingehend weitergebildet sein, dass die Hochdruckleitung in eine ringförmige Nut der Ventilhülse mündet. In diesem Fall führt ein Zurückziehen des Ventilglieds in den Bereich der radial in die Ventilhülse mündenden Hochdruckleitung unmittelbar zu einer relativ großen Durchflussmenge.To increase the flow rate through the purge valve, the invention can be further developed according to a preferred embodiment in that the high-pressure line opens into an annular groove of the valve sleeve. In this case, a retraction of the valve member in the region of the high-pressure line opening radially into the valve sleeve leads directly to a relatively large flow rate.

Mit Vorteil ist die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage dahingehend weitergebildet, dass die maximale Überdeckung wenigstens dem 0,1 bis 0,5-fachen des Ventilglieddurchmessers entspricht, sodass durch die Wahl einer ausreichend großen Überdeckungslänge der dichtenden Flächen die erfindungsgemäß gewünschte Unempfindlichkeit des Spülventils gegenüber Verschleißerscheinungen erreicht werden kann.Advantageously, the fuel supply system according to the invention is further developed such that the maximum coverage corresponds to at least 0.1 to 0.5 times the valve member diameter, so that the invention desired insensitivity of the purge valve can be achieved against wear by choosing a sufficiently large overlap length of the sealing surfaces ,

In besonders einfacher Weise ist die Erfindung dahingehend weitergebildet, dass die Betätigungsmittel als pneumatische Mittel ausgebildet sind, sodass die bisher zum Einsatz gelangenden Betätigungssysteme für Spülventile auch bei den erfindungsgemäßen Spülventilen eingesetzt werden können, wobei in besonders einfacher Weise die Erfindung dahingehend weitergebildet ist, dass eine mit Druckmedium, insbesondere Druckluft, beaufschlagbare Leitung in einen von einer quer zur Verschieberichtung verlaufenden Fläche des Ventilglieds begrenzten Raum mündet. Die quer zur Verschieberichtung verlaufende Fläche des Ventilglieds bildet dabei in einem geeigneten Zylinder einen Kolben aus, der durch den Druck des eingespeisten Druckmediums gegen die Kraft einer Feder verschoben werden kann, wodurch die Betätigung des Ventilglieds ausgelöst wird. Zu diesem Zweck ist mit Vorteil eine das Ventilglied im Schließsinne beaufschlagende Druckfeder vorgesehen.In a particularly simple manner, the invention is developed to the effect that the actuating means are designed as pneumatic means, so that the hitherto used reaching actuation systems for flushing valves can also be used in the flush valves according to the invention, in a particularly simple manner, the invention is further developed such that a With pressurized medium, in particular compressed air, can be acted upon line in a limited by a transverse to the direction of displacement surface of the valve member space. The transverse to the direction of displacement surface of the valve member forms in a suitable cylinder from a piston which can be moved by the pressure of the injected pressure medium against the force of a spring, whereby the actuation of the valve member is triggered. For this purpose, a pressure spring acting on the valve member in the closing direction is advantageously provided.

Um einen automatischen Betrieb der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage zu gewährleisten, ist die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage mit Vorteil dahingehend weitergebildet, dass eine Steuervorrichtung vorgesehen ist, die mit dem Spülventil zum Öffnen des Ventils beim Stillstand der Brennkraftmaschine zusammenwirkt.In order to ensure automatic operation of the fuel supply system according to the invention, the fuel supply system according to the invention is developed with advantage to the effect that a control device is provided which cooperates with the purge valve to open the valve when the internal combustion engine.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In dieser zeigen Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage, Fig. 2 einen Schnitt durch ein Spülventil nach dem Stand der Technik und Fig. 3 ein Spülventil der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawing. In this show Fig. 1 a fuel supply system according to the invention, Fig. 2 a section through a flush valve according to the prior art and Fig. 3 a flush valve of the fuel supply system according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Common-Rail Schweröl-Einspritzsystem schematisch dargestellt. Vom Tank 1 wird von einer Vorförderpumpe 3 Kraftstoff, der im Vorwärmer 2 erwärmt wurde, über einen Kraftstofffilter 4 und Kraftstoffleitungen 11 zumindest einer Hochdruckpumpe 5 zugeführt, wo der Kraftstoff auf Systemdrücke von höher als 1400 bar verdichtet wird. Der verdichtete Kraftstoff gelangt über Hochdruckleitungen 12 in zumindest ein Rail 6, das unter anderem mit zumindest einem Druckbegrenzungsventil 13 und einem Raildrucksensor 7 ausgestattet ist. Der Druck im Rail 6 wird durch Regelung der von der Hochdruckpumpe 5 in die Hochdruckleitung 12 geförderten Kraftstoffmenge durch das Steuergerät 10 eingestellt. Vom Rail 6 ausgehend gelangt der Kraftstoff über einen Durchflussbegrenzer 18 über die Hochdruckleitung 14 in den Einspritzinjektor 8, der ebenfalls vom Steuergerät 10 angesteuert wird. Die zur Funktion des Einspritzinjektors 8 erforderliche Kraftstoffsteuermenge gelangt über die Niederdruckleitungen 17 wieder zurück in den Tank 1. Um auch während des Stillstands des Motors eine Zirkulation des Kraftstoffs im Leitungssystem gewährleisten zu können, führt vom Rail 6 ausgehend eine weitere Hochdruckleitung 15 zu einem Spülventil 9, das angesteuert vom Steuergerät 10 eine Teilmenge des Kraftstoffs direkt in Niederdruckleitungen 16 absteuern kann, die direkt zurück zum Tank 1 führen.In Fig. 1 is a common rail heavy fuel injection system shown schematically. From the tank 1 is supplied by a prefeed pump 3 fuel, which was heated in the preheater 2, via a fuel filter 4 and fuel lines 11 at least one high-pressure pump 5, where the fuel is compressed to system pressures of higher than 1400 bar. The compressed fuel passes through high pressure lines 12 in at least one rail 6, which is equipped inter alia with at least one pressure relief valve 13 and a rail pressure sensor 7. The pressure in the rail 6 is set by the control unit 10 by regulating the amount of fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump 5 into the high-pressure line 12. Starting from the rail 6, the fuel passes via a flow restrictor 18 via the high-pressure line 14 into the injection injector 8, which is likewise controlled by the control unit 10. The fuel control amount required for the function of the injection injector 8 passes back into the tank 1 via the low-pressure lines 17. In order to ensure circulation of the fuel in the line system even when the engine is at a standstill, a further high-pressure line 15 leads from the rail 6 to a flushing valve 9 , which is controlled by the control unit 10, a subset of the fuel directly in low pressure lines 16 can absteuern that lead directly back to the tank 1.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Schnitt durch ein Spülventil 9 nach dem Stand der Technik. Das Spülventil besteht aus einem Körper 20, einer Ventilhülse 23, einem Ventilglied 28, einem Gehäuse 30, einer Feder 25 und einem Deckel 24. Im Gehäuse 30 ist ein Druckluftanschluss 27 vorgesehen, der mit dem von Gehäuse 30 und Kolben 26 gebildeten Druckraum 31 in Verbindung steht und der zur Ventilhülse 23 hin mit einem O-Ring 26 abgedichtet ist. Liegt am Druckluftanschluss 27 kein Druck an, so drückt die Feder 25, die sich am mit dem Gehäuse 30 fest verbundenen Deckel 24 und am Kolben 26 abstützt, das Ventilglied 28 in den in der Ventilhülse 23 ausgebildeten Ventilsitz 29. Wird der Druck der Luft im Druckraum 31 erhöht, drückt dieser das Ventilglied 28 gegen die Kraft der Feder 25 aus dem Ventilsitz 29 und Kraftstoff, der in der Hochdruckleitung 15 mit Systemdruck ansteht, wird in die Niederdruckleitung 16 abgesteuert, sodass durch die Nachförderung der Hochdruckpumpe 5 eine Kraftstoffzirkulation erzeugt wird. Fig. 2 shows a section through a flush valve 9 according to the prior art. The flush valve consists of a body 20, a valve sleeve 23, a valve member 28, a housing 30, a spring 25 and a cover 24. In the housing 30, a compressed air connection 27 is provided, which with the pressure chamber 31 formed by the housing 30 and piston 26 in Connection is and is sealed to the valve sleeve 23 out with an O-ring 26. If there is no pressure at the compressed-air connection 27, then the spring 25, which is supported on the cover 24 firmly connected to the housing 30 and on the piston 26, pushes the valve member 28 into the valve seat 29 formed in the valve sleeve 23. If the pressure of the air in the Pressure chamber 31 increases, this presses the valve member 28 against the force of the spring 25 from the valve seat 29 and fuel, which is present in the high pressure line 15 with system pressure is diverted into the low pressure line 16, so that a fuel circulation is generated by the Nachförderung the high pressure pump 5.

Fig. 3 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage. Das Ventil 9 ist in Form eines Schiebesitzventils ausgebildet: Das Ventilglied 28 besitzt eine Steuerkante 33, die in Zusammenspiel mit der in der Ventilhülse 23 angeordneten Steuerkante 32 den Durchfluss durch das Ventil freigibt oder sperrt. Im Ruhezustand drückt die Feder 25 das Ventilglied 28 gegen das Gehäuse 30, sodass zwischen Ventilhülse 23 und Ventilglied 28 nur ein minimaler Spalt frei bleibt, der eine geringfügige Leckagemenge erlaubt. Wird der Druckraum 31 über die Druckluftleitung 27 mit Druckluft beaufschlagt, drückt der Luftdruck das Ventilglied 28 in Richtung des Deckels 24. Sobald die Steuerkante 33 am Ventilglied 28 die Steuerkante 32 der Ventilhülse 23 passiert, wird ein deutlich größerer Durchflussquerschnitt freigegeben und die Absteuermenge steigt stark an. Fig. 3 shows the fuel supply system according to the invention. The valve 9 is designed in the form of a sliding seat valve. The valve member 28 has a control edge 33 which, in cooperation with the control edge 32 arranged in the valve sleeve 23, releases or blocks the flow through the valve. At rest, the spring 25 presses the valve member 28 against the housing 30 so that only a minimal gap remains between the valve sleeve 23 and valve member 28, which allows a small amount of leakage. When the pressure chamber 31 is acted upon by the compressed air line 27 with compressed air, the air pressure pushes the valve member 28 in the direction of the cover 24. As soon as the control edge 33 on the valve member 28, the control edge 32 of the valve sleeve 23 passes, a significantly larger flow cross-section is released and the Absteuermenge increases sharply at.

Claims (9)

  1. A fuel supply system for heavy oil common-rail injection systems for internal combustion engines, including a tank (1), a primary feed pump (3) for delivering heavy oil from the tank (1) to a high-pressure pump (5), wherein the high-pressure pump (5), via at least one high-pressure line (12), is connected to a high-pressure accumulator (rail) (6) feeding at least one injector (8), and, furthermore, a purge valve (9), which is connected to the high-pressure accumulator via a separate high-pressure line (15) for directing at least a portion of the heavy oil back into the tank (1) via a return line, wherein the purge valve (9) comprises a valve member (28) which is movable between an opened and a closed position, a high-pressure connection for a high-pressure line (15) communicating with a heavy oil high-pressure accumulator (rail) (6), a low-pressure connection for a return line, and actuating means for actuating the valve member (28), characterized in that the valve seat (29) of the valve member (28) is designed as a sliding seat.
  2. A fuel supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve member (28) is displaceably guided in a valve sleeve (23) and comprises a control edge (33) formed by a setback, which control edge, for opening the valve (9), is displaceable into the region of the high-pressure line radially opening into the valve sleeve (23) and, for closing the valve, is displaceable out of the mouth of the high-pressure line (12) while forming an overlap of the valve member (28) and the valve sleeve (23).
  3. A fuel supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that the high-pressure line (15) opens into an annular groove of the valve sleeve (23).
  4. A fuel supply system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the maximum overlap corresponds to at least 0.1 to 0.5 times the diameter of the valve member.
  5. A fuel supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the actuators are configured as pneumatic means.
  6. A fuel supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that a line (27) capable of being powered with pressure medium, particularly compressed air, opens into a chamber defined by a valve member (28) surface extending transversely to the direction of displacement.
  7. A fuel supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a compression spring (25) biasing the valve member (28) in the closing sense is provided.
  8. A fuel supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a preheater is arranged between the tank (1) and the primary feed pump (3) for preheating the heavy oil.
  9. A fuel supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a control device (10) is provided, which cooperates with the purge valve (9) for opening the valve at a standstill of the internal combustion engine.
EP09740623A 2008-10-10 2009-10-08 Fuel supply system for heavy oil common rail injection systems Active EP2331809B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT15962008 2008-10-10
PCT/AT2009/000390 WO2010040163A2 (en) 2008-10-10 2009-10-08 Fuel supply system for heavy oil common rail injection systems

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EP2331809A2 EP2331809A2 (en) 2011-06-15
EP2331809B1 true EP2331809B1 (en) 2012-11-14

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US (1) US8839764B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2331809B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5270760B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101230323B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102177333B (en)
AT (1) AT11266U1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0920307A2 (en)
RU (1) RU2468243C1 (en)
WO (1) WO2010040163A2 (en)

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US20110192376A1 (en) 2011-08-11
JP2012503142A (en) 2012-02-02
CN102177333B (en) 2013-07-17
RU2468243C1 (en) 2012-11-27
CN102177333A (en) 2011-09-07
JP5270760B2 (en) 2013-08-21
EP2331809A2 (en) 2011-06-15
WO2010040163A3 (en) 2010-06-24
KR20110059598A (en) 2011-06-02
BRPI0920307A2 (en) 2016-02-23
US8839764B2 (en) 2014-09-23
AT11266U1 (en) 2010-07-15
KR101230323B1 (en) 2013-02-06
WO2010040163A2 (en) 2010-04-15

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