EP2322281A1 - Installation de chauffage pour biomasse dotée d'un séparateur électrostatique - Google Patents

Installation de chauffage pour biomasse dotée d'un séparateur électrostatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2322281A1
EP2322281A1 EP10191287A EP10191287A EP2322281A1 EP 2322281 A1 EP2322281 A1 EP 2322281A1 EP 10191287 A EP10191287 A EP 10191287A EP 10191287 A EP10191287 A EP 10191287A EP 2322281 A1 EP2322281 A1 EP 2322281A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating system
heating
electrode
exhaust gas
jacket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10191287A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2322281B1 (fr
Inventor
Dietmar Steiner
Datong Wu
Uwe Limbeck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2322281A1 publication Critical patent/EP2322281A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2322281B1 publication Critical patent/EP2322281B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/86—Electrode-carrying means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/06—Ionising electrode being a needle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/08—Ionising electrode being a rod

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating system for biomass with an electrostatic precipitator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Emission control systems are used to reduce emissions from heating systems. These are to filter out in particular the harmful substances and particles in exhaust gases, so that the remaining, purified exhaust gas can be safely released to the environment.
  • emission control systems are used particularly in biomass heating systems, where in addition to otherwise economic and environmental benefits increased emissions of pollutants in the exhaust gases can occur, in particular, the relatively high particulate matter emission is a problem.
  • an emission control system which is used for biomass heating systems to reduce particulate matter emission.
  • the described device can be installed in a flue gas channel and has a lid for this purpose. On the inside of the lid, a spray electrode is held on an insulating holder.
  • a high-voltage transformer with rectifier function allows the construction of a high DC voltage between the wire and the lid, which is electrically connected to the furnace tube, so that it acts as a collector electrode.
  • Such an electrostatic filter with spray electrode and collector electrode is also known as an electrostatic precipitator.
  • a capacitor is formed from the spray electrode, which runs approximately centrally through the exhaust pipe and therefore also referred to as the center electrode, and the surrounding surface of the exhaust pipe, which is also referred to as a cylindrical capacitor in a cylindrical tube-shaped design of the exhaust pipe.
  • the spray or center electrode generally has a radius of curvature, which is generally relatively small (eg less than 0.4 mm).
  • a high voltage is applied to the center electrode.
  • a corona discharge is formed, through which the particles flowing with the exhaust gas through the electric field are charged in a unipolar manner.
  • the particles move through the electrostatic Coulomb forces to the inner wall of the exhaust pipe, which serves as a collector electrode.
  • the high voltage at the center electrode is via a high voltage supply from the outside fed.
  • the high voltage supply is covered with an insulator.
  • a disadvantage of such an electrostatic precipitator is that exhaust particles settle on the insulation, which with an appropriate number of particles form an electrically conductive surface on the insulator, via which the center electrode can be discharged. This leads to failure of the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the document describes an electrostatic precipitator for an exhaust pipe of an exhaust gas purification system with an electrode and an electrode feed to feed the electrode.
  • the electrode feed is at least partially encased with an insulator.
  • the separator comprises a particle repelling agent, which prevents particles of the exhaust gas from depositing on the insulator.
  • the document discloses inter alia a particle repellent which utilizes the effect of thermophoresis.
  • a heating device is provided, which heats the surface of the insulator, for example by heating wires arranged in the insulation, wherein a temperature gradient is formed between the insulator and its surroundings. Due to the thermophoresis, the particles of the exhaust gas experience a net impulse in the direction of the colder zone.
  • Object of the present invention is to overcome these and other disadvantages in the prior art and to provide a heating system for biomass, which comprises an electrostatic precipitator, the separator or the heating system should ensure high reliability at the same time low cost.
  • the separator having an electrode, an electrode electrical supply and a counter electrode, the electrode supply is isolated at least in sections by means of an insulating device, wherein the separator comprises a protective device which prevents the deposition of particles in the exhaust gas of the heating system on the insulating device, and wherein the protective device is a heater which is suitable in the normal operation of the separator, an outer Surface of the insulating device to be heated to a temperature required for a thermophoresis, wherein the temperature of the outer surface is higher than the temperature of the insulating device flowing around the exhaust gas s
  • the heating device comprises a heat conductor which is in thermal contact with a region of the heating system and the insulation device, wherein the region of the heating system has a higher temperature than the exhaust gas flowing around the insulation device.
  • the protection device prevents the particles from depositing and thus extends the maintenance-free operating time of the heating system or of the electrostatic precipitator. It is particularly advantageous that the required for the thermophoresis heating of the protective device is not carried out by an active additional heating device, but rather can be effected in passive form directly by the heat of the heating system. As a result, the cost of the heating system in production and operation can be reduced.
  • the reliability of the system can be increased. Since an additional active heating device for the insulation device of a separator of a heating system according to the invention is no longer required, eliminates the otherwise associated potential source of error by an electrical breakdown of the high voltage line of the electrode to the heater of the insulation. By eliminating this source of danger, the material requirements with respect to the insulation device also decrease, so that less expensive materials can be used.
  • a temperature difference between the protective device and the exhaust gas flowing around it of 100 K is particularly preferred.
  • the area of the heating system which has a higher temperature than the exhaust gas flowing around the electrodes may be part of the boiler or the exhaust system. It is further preferred that the heat conductor consists of a thermally conductive material. This can ensure effective heat transfer.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention further provides that the outer surface of the insulation device is at least partially enclosed by a jacket, wherein the jacket is in heat-conducting contact with the heat conductor.
  • a jacket may for example be a metal tube.
  • the jacket can be made of metal other than a material with a sufficiently high thermal conductivity. In such a configuration, an effective protection device can be provided with simple and robust means.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the jacket is thermally insulated from the exhaust pipe.
  • the thermal insulation is not limited to the region of the exhaust pipe, but rather may be fully or partially extended to the heat conductor, which provides the heat required for the protection device.
  • Alternative or additional electrical isolation of the jacket from the exhaust pipe prevents electrical charging of the jacket e.g. through one of the electrodes. If the jacket is made of a material having a low electrical resistivity (for example, metal), it is additionally advantageous if the distance between the spray electrode and the jacket is large enough to avoid a high-voltage flashover.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a section of a heating system according to the invention, not fully shown with an electrostatic precipitator 20.
  • the exhaust pipe 11 has a flow channel which is bounded from the outside by a wall 13. During operation, a particle-laden exhaust gas of a heating device flows through the flow channel.
  • the wall 13 of the flow channel serves as a counter electrode 24 of the separator 20th
  • the electrode 22 is arranged concentrically to the exhaust pipe 11.
  • the insulating device 26 may be made of a ceramic such as e.g. SiC, or be made of another suitable material.
  • This heating device 31 is connected via a heat conductor 33 to a region 14 of the heating system in which a higher temperature prevails than that of the exhaust gas in The environment of the insulating device 26.
  • the heat conductor 33 is preferably made of a material having a high thermal conductivity, in particular suitable for this purpose copper, aluminum or corresponding alloys.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a section of a heating system according to the invention with an electrostatic precipitator 20.
  • the surface 27 of the insulating device 26 is partially enclosed by a jacket 35.
  • the jacket 35 is in contact with the heat conductor 33, so that the jacket 35 can transfer the heat from the heat conductor 33 to the insulating device 26.
  • the jacket 35 is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity.
  • the jacket 35 is opposite the wall 13 with an electrical and thermal insulation 36 equipped. If the coat is made of metal, then the distance between 22 and 35 is large enough to avoid high voltage flashovers.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
EP20100191287 2009-11-17 2010-11-16 Installation de chauffage pour biomasse dotée d'un séparateur électrostatique Active EP2322281B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009053621A DE102009053621A1 (de) 2009-11-17 2009-11-17 Heizungsanlage für Biomasse mit einem elektrostatischen Abscheider

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2322281A1 true EP2322281A1 (fr) 2011-05-18
EP2322281B1 EP2322281B1 (fr) 2014-06-04

Family

ID=43432002

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20100191287 Active EP2322281B1 (fr) 2009-11-17 2010-11-16 Installation de chauffage pour biomasse dotée d'un séparateur électrostatique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2322281B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009053621A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3064276A3 (fr) * 2015-03-04 2016-12-14 Ernst Gerlinger Chaudiere

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR526110A (fr) * 1915-09-17 1921-10-01 Metallbank & Metallurg Ges Ag Système d'isolateur pour appareils destinés à effectuer la charge électrique et la précipitation de matières en suspension dans des gaz
US4678484A (en) * 1985-07-12 1987-07-07 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Electrofilter
GB2195923A (en) * 1986-10-14 1988-04-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Electrode supporter of an electric dust collector
DE8804328U1 (fr) * 1988-03-30 1988-07-07 Mueller, Johannes A., Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing., 7980 Ravensburg, De
EP1193445A2 (fr) 2000-10-02 2002-04-03 Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt Empa Dispositif pour épurer les gaz de combustion de petites installations de chauffe
FR2843611A1 (fr) * 2002-08-14 2004-02-20 Faurecia Sys Echappement Electrofiltre a collecte centrale
JP2004247680A (ja) * 2003-02-17 2004-09-02 Sharp Corp ダスト捕集・回収装置
DE102006057705B3 (de) 2006-12-07 2008-03-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Optimierter elektrostatischer Abscheider
EP2105206A2 (fr) * 2008-03-26 2009-09-30 Robert Bosch GmbH Précipitateur électrostatique avec des moyens d'élimination de particules et système de chauffage

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT505295B1 (de) * 2007-07-12 2008-12-15 Kwb Kraft Und Waerme Aus Bioma Feuerungseinheit

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR526110A (fr) * 1915-09-17 1921-10-01 Metallbank & Metallurg Ges Ag Système d'isolateur pour appareils destinés à effectuer la charge électrique et la précipitation de matières en suspension dans des gaz
US4678484A (en) * 1985-07-12 1987-07-07 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Electrofilter
GB2195923A (en) * 1986-10-14 1988-04-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Electrode supporter of an electric dust collector
DE8804328U1 (fr) * 1988-03-30 1988-07-07 Mueller, Johannes A., Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing., 7980 Ravensburg, De
EP1193445A2 (fr) 2000-10-02 2002-04-03 Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt Empa Dispositif pour épurer les gaz de combustion de petites installations de chauffe
FR2843611A1 (fr) * 2002-08-14 2004-02-20 Faurecia Sys Echappement Electrofiltre a collecte centrale
JP2004247680A (ja) * 2003-02-17 2004-09-02 Sharp Corp ダスト捕集・回収装置
DE102006057705B3 (de) 2006-12-07 2008-03-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Optimierter elektrostatischer Abscheider
EP2105206A2 (fr) * 2008-03-26 2009-09-30 Robert Bosch GmbH Précipitateur électrostatique avec des moyens d'élimination de particules et système de chauffage

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3064276A3 (fr) * 2015-03-04 2016-12-14 Ernst Gerlinger Chaudiere

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009053621A1 (de) 2011-05-19
EP2322281B1 (fr) 2014-06-04

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