EP2312064A1 - Verschluss für eine Einstiegsöffnung - Google Patents

Verschluss für eine Einstiegsöffnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2312064A1
EP2312064A1 EP09172668A EP09172668A EP2312064A1 EP 2312064 A1 EP2312064 A1 EP 2312064A1 EP 09172668 A EP09172668 A EP 09172668A EP 09172668 A EP09172668 A EP 09172668A EP 2312064 A1 EP2312064 A1 EP 2312064A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cover
frame
gasket
manhole
closure according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09172668A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2312064B1 (de
Inventor
Johan Gudbrand Refsahl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FURNES-HAMJERN SCC AS
Original Assignee
Furnes-Hamjern SCC AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=42045287&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2312064(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Furnes-Hamjern SCC AS filed Critical Furnes-Hamjern SCC AS
Priority to DK09172668T priority Critical patent/DK2312064T3/da
Priority to EP20090172668 priority patent/EP2312064B1/de
Publication of EP2312064A1 publication Critical patent/EP2312064A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2312064B1 publication Critical patent/EP2312064B1/de
Revoked legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E02D29/149—Annular gaskets

Definitions

  • Manholes are used to access underground installations such as sewers, water pipes, gas pipes, electric and fiber optic cables etc.
  • a manhole typically comprises a vertical access shaft or riser pipe extending between for example a road surface and an underground sewer pipe, a frame for mounting to the end of the riser pipe opposite the sewer pipe, and a cover for installation within the frame.
  • the cover serves the dual purposes of providing a surface on which for example a vehicle may drive, or a pedestrian may walk, as well as preventing water or debris from entering the manhole, potentially damaging the underground installation
  • the cover For reasons of security, especially traffic security, the cover must not be displaced from the frame. It is a known problem that vibrations from heavy trucks, as well as the pressure fluctuations above the manhole caused by a heavy truck or trailer passing the manhole in the road, may lead to the cover being removed from the frame. Further, if the manhole provides an access way to a sewer, the overflow of water in the sewer due to heavy rainfall or the like may lift the cover out of the frame as the water escapes through the manhole out on the street Yet a possible scenario is when a member of the general public removes a cover out of curiosity, or with malicious intent. An open manhole, i.e. with the cover removed, represents a high risk of injury to both vehicles and pedestrians.
  • a special tool or a key to a lock in the manhole, may need to be used to remove the cover.
  • An object of the present invention is to simplify the locking of a cover to a frame
  • a manhole closure comprising a cover and a corresponding frame for receiving the cover, wherein a gasket is placed between the cover and the frame along at least a part of the contact area between the cover and the frame, whereby the gasket exceeds the dimensions of the space between the cover and the frame.
  • the frame may have a circular, an elliptic, a square, a rectangular or a polygonal shape, and have an inside diameter in the range of 100 - 1500 mm.
  • the frame may be manufactured from cast concrete, cast iron or fiber reinforced plastics, but cast iron is preferred.
  • the cover may be manufactured from the same materials as the frame or the frame and cover may be manufactured from different materials.
  • the gasket may be attached to the cover through molding.
  • the molding process may comprise placing the cover in a mold where the void between the cover and the mold defines the shape of the gasket, supplying the gasket material as a melt, for example a melted thermoplastic material, or as a curable material, for example a curable thermosetting polymer such as rubber, and solidifying the gasket material by cooling the mold for a thermoplastic material, or by heating or supplying a chemical initiator for a thermosetting polymer, to form a gasket which is attached to the cover.
  • the surface of the cover may be treated to increase the strength of the union between cover and gasket material.
  • the gasket may be attached to the cover through interference fit or press fit, i.e. friction.
  • the gasket is manufactured having a slightly smaller inside diameter than the cover that the gasket should be attached to.
  • the gasket is heated causing an expansion of the gasket material which allows the gasket to be easily guided onto the cover.
  • cooling of the gasket causes it to shrink to regain its normal dimensions, however, as the normal dimensions of the gasket include an inside diameter slightly smaller than the cover, the force applied on the cover from the gasket causes the gasket to be firmly attached to the cover.
  • the cover may be cooled to low temperatures, such as cooling by liquid nitrogen (-196 degrees Centigrade) or the like, causing it to shrink before the gasket is guided onto the cover.
  • low temperatures such as cooling by liquid nitrogen (-196 degrees Centigrade) or the like.
  • a press may be used to simply force the gasket onto the cover by using a hydraulic or mechanic press, or, for smaller diameter covers and gaskets requiring less force, by repeated blows to the gasket from a hammer or mallet.
  • the gasket By attaching the gasket to the cover through molding or interference fit the gasket is firmly attached to the cover.
  • the gasket is prevented from slipping of the cover and the strength of the locking function depends only on the strength of the interaction between the gasket and the frame as will be described in greater detail below
  • a further advantage of attaching the gasket to the cover through molding is that a gasket molded to the cover may compensate for deviations in the dimensions of the cover, thus ensuring a good fit of the cover to the frame.
  • the gasket may comprise a non-elastic hard material
  • non-elastic hard materials may be used for the gasket, which materials have the advantage that a very strong locking function is achieved due to the strong forces needed for deformation of the gasket.
  • Possible non-elastic hard materials include Teflon, Polypropylene, and Polycarbonate etc, optionally reinforced by fibers such as glass fiber or carbon fiber. In applications where weaker locking functions are permissible also softer, more elastic materials such as rubber, may be used. It is contemplated that gaskets comprising these softer more elastic gaskets may be firmly attached to the cover through molding,
  • the gasket may comprise an enlarged lip exceeding the dimensions of the space between the cover and the frame
  • the enlarged lip gives the locking function of the manhole closure according to the first aspect of the present invention By increasing the size of the enlarged lip the strength of the locking function may be increased and vice versa.
  • the space between the cover and the frame may comprise an enlargement at a position corresponding to the enlarged lip of the gasket
  • the size of the enlargement may be varied to modify the strength of the locking function without increasing the force needed to close the manhole closure according to the first aspect of the present invention, i.e, the force needed to insert the cover with attached gasket into the frame
  • the enlarged lip is positioned at the enlargement of the space between the cover and the frame This achieves a locking function as the removal, i.e. the lifting, of the cover out of the frame, causes the enlarged lip to leave the position at the enlargement of the space between the cover and the frame.
  • the gasket may comprise a first side attached to the cover, a second side to engage the frame, a flange connected to the first and second side, the flange comprising an upper side to provide a seal against the cover, and a lower side to provide a seal against the frame, and an enlarged lip, provided on the second side opposite the flange, to be positioned at an enlargement within the space between the cover and the frame.
  • the flange may be attached to the cover, for example when the gasket is attached by molding to the cover.
  • the first side may be surface treated to increase the friction when the gasket is attached to the cover through interference fit.
  • the second side may be treated to increase friction, but may also in some cases be treated to decrease friction, for example by oil or the like. This may be advantageous to lessen the friction during insertion of the cover in the frame
  • the size and shape of the enlarged lip may, in combination with the material used in the gasket, be varied to achieve varying locking functions and strengths,
  • An increased volume of the enlarged lip may increase the force needed to remove the cover from the frame. This is preferred when the cover should be able to resist strong forces such as the water pressure in a manhole connected to a flooded sewer.
  • a decreased volume of the enlarged lip may result in a lower force needed for removing the cover from the frame, and may be preferred for covers which need to be removed more often, or are not exposed to harsh conditions such as heavy traffic etc.
  • the enlarged lip may further be surface treated to alter the friction between the enlarged lip and the frame to modulate the strength of the locking function By providing the lip with a barb or catch engaging the frame, an even stronger locking function may be achieved.
  • the gasket may further comprise a contact part comprising a frame side to form contact to the frame, a cover side attached to the cover, and a compartment open to the outer surface of the contact member, the compartment being provided between the manhole side and the cover side, whereby the contact member extends from the upper side of the flange and the enlarged lip extends from the lower side of the flange.
  • a contact part comprising a frame side to form contact to the frame, a cover side attached to the cover, and a compartment open to the outer surface of the contact member, the compartment being provided between the manhole side and the cover side, whereby the contact member extends from the upper side of the flange and the enlarged lip extends from the lower side of the flange.
  • a method for closing a manhole comprising the steps of providing a manhole closure according to the first aspect of the present invention, forcing the cover, having attached thereto the gasket, into the frame, whereby the enlarged lip is initially deformed and regains a non-deformed state upon reaching a position at the enlargement of the space between the cover and the frame.
  • the enlarged lip When the gasket is made out of non-elastic hard materials, the enlarged lip may be deformed by bending or biasing.
  • a compartment open to the outer surface of the gasket between the first and second side adjacent the lip, may be provided to allow the enlarged lip to be bent towards the first side of the gasket.
  • the size of the compartment further modulates the force needed for bending the enlarged lip and thereby the strength of the locking function.
  • a larger compartment decreases the strength of the locking function while a smaller compartment increases the strength of the locking function
  • the enlarged lip may typically be compressed or stretched as the cover is forced into the frame.
  • a method of opening a manhole comprising the steps of providing a manhole closure according to the first aspect of the present invention, grasping the cover, and lifting the cover out of the frame whereby the enlarged lip is deformed upon leaving a position at the enlargement of the space between the cover and the frame.
  • the lifting or removal force needed to remove the cover from the frame is the force needed to overcome the locking function.
  • the gasket may be permanently deformed as the cover is removed from the frame, or may regain its non-deformed state and be reused when the cover is reinstalled in the frame.
  • the strength of the locking function, and thereby the force needed to open the manhole is sufficiently large so that opening of the manhole requires special tools such as a lifting device or crane, or at least requires a crowbar, spud bar or the like.
  • An advantage of the manhole closure according to the first aspect of the present invention is that the lifespan of the locking function is long since no moving parts are required, thus the manhole closure requires no, or very little, maintenance
  • a further advantage of the manhole closure according to the first aspect of the present invention is that the gasket may serve to reduce noise or clanking, by preventing metallic contact between the frame and the cover and by preventing motion of the cover, when the cover is subjected to loads or impacts from vehicles driving on or near the cover.
  • An advantage of the manhole closure according to the first aspect of the present invention is that the strength of the locking function may be widely varied by varying the material used in the gasket and the shape of the gasket. Thus the strength of the locking function may be customized to specific demands faced by the manhole.
  • the non-elastic hard materials used for the gasket creates a strong locking function, thus no prior art mechanical locking devices are needed to secure the cover in the frame.
  • the method of closing a manhole according to the second aspect of the present invention simplifies the closing of a manhole By attaching the gasket through molding or interference fit to the cover the handling of separate parts is reduced and the process of closing a manhole becomes less time consuming.
  • the low cost of the materials used in the gasket further gives a manhole closure at a lower cost than previously known mechanical devices.
  • the method of opening a manhole according to the third aspect of the present invention is simple, for workmen having access to general tools such as lifting devices or a crane, a crowbar or a spud bar, but is difficult to perform for a member of the general public not having access to appropriate tools.
  • a mechanical locking device for example as described in the cited prior art, may be added to the manhole closure according to the first aspect of the present invention
  • Fig. 1a shows a gasket, in its whole designated the reference numeral 10, in a first embodiment of a manhole closure according to the present invention
  • the gasket 10 comprises a first side, designated the reference numeral 12 to be attached to a cover (shown in Fig. 2 ), a second side, in its whole designated the reference numeral 14 for engaging a frame (shown in Fig. 3 ), a flange, designated the reference numeral 16, the flange 16 comprising an upper side, designated the reference numeral 22 and a lower side, designated the reference numeral 24, and an enlarged lip, designated the reference numeral 18 protruding from the second side 14.
  • a compartment designated the reference numeral 20, the compartment being open to the outside of the gasket 10.
  • the compartment 20 may serve to accommodate the enlarged lip 18 as it is deformed as will be described in more detail in connection with Fig. 3 .
  • compartment 20 may be omitted as is shown in fig 1b
  • the compartment 20 may be omitted where the material used for the gasket has sufficient elasticity or flexibility to admit the enlarged lip 18 to be compressed towards the first side 12.
  • Fig. 2 shows the gasket 10 attached to a cover, in its whole designated the reference numeral 50, in a first embodiment of a manhole closure according to the present invention.
  • the cover 50 comprises a cover surface designated the reference numeral 52, an edge, designated the reference numeral 54, a flange, designated the reference numeral 56, and a skirt, designated the reference numeral 58
  • the gasket 10 is attached to the cover 50 along the first side 12 and the skirt 58, and the upper side 22 of the flange 16 and the flange 56 of the cover 50.
  • Fig. 3 shows cover 50 locked in a frame, in its whole designated the reference numeral 100, through the gasket 10, in a first embodiment of the manhole cloture of the present invention.
  • the frame 100 comprises a skirt, designated the reference numeral 1a2, a lip, designated the reference numeral 104, a supporting surface designated the reference numeral 106, an aperture wall, designated the reference numeral 108, an enlargement, designated the reference numeral 110, and a bore, designated the reference numeral 112.
  • a locking function is achieved through the interaction of enlarged lip 18 of gasket 10 when positioned within enlargement 110 of the frame 100 Removal of the cover 50 from the frame 100 is prevented as this would result in the enlarged lip 18 being forced to leave the enlargement 110, and to become deformed when entering the bore 112
  • gasket 10 may serve to achieve a seal through the provision of the flange 16 between flange 56 of the cover and the supporting surface 106 The seal may prevent water or debris from entering the manhole.
  • the enlarged lip 18 of gasket 10 is deformed towards, and into, compartment 20 as the enlarged lip 18 passes through the bore 112 of the frame 100.
  • the expanded lip regains its non-deformed state as it reaches the enlargement 110, thus providing a locking function against removal of cover 50 from frame 100
  • the material of the gasket 10 must allow the expanded lip 18 to be deformed by compression during the insertion, and to regain its non-deformed state as it reaches the enlargement 110.
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross section of a gasket, in its whole designated the reference numeral 10', in a second embodiment of the manhole closure according to the present invention.
  • the gasket 10' is partly the same as the gasket 10 previously described, but further comprises a contact part, in its whole designated the reference numeral 40', comprising a manhole side, in its whole designated the reference numeral 28', a cover side, designate the reference numeral 26', and a compartment, designated the reference numeral 34'
  • the contact part may serve to dampen horizontal movements of the cover as it is subjected to forces from vehicles running on or near the cover 50' Further, by restricting the horizontal movements of the cover, the lifespan of the seal provided by flange 16' may be extended.
  • the manhole side 28' further comprises first and second steps, designated the reference numerals 30' and 32'.
  • the compartment 34' is positioned between the manhole side 28' and the cover side 26'.
  • the contact part 40' is positioned on the upper side 22' of flange 16'.
  • the compartment 20' may be omitted.
  • Fig 5 shows the gasket 10' mounted to a cover, designated the reference numeral 50', in a second embodiment of a manhole closure according to the present invention
  • Cover 50' has all features of cover 50 with exception that the edge, designated the reference numeral 54', is stepped to correspond to the first and second steps 30' and 32' of the gasket 10'.
  • the steps may serve to further anchor the cover 50' to the gasket 10'.
  • Fig. 6 shows the cover 50' with gasket 10' mounted in a frame, designated the reference numeral 100', in a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the compartment 34' of the gasket 10' may be filled with a curable material to further strengthen the locking function, and/or increase the ability of to dampen horizontal movement of the cover 50', of the gasket 10'.
  • Gasket 10' Gasket (second embodiment) 12. First side 12'. First side (second embodiment) 14. Second side 14'. Second side (second embodiment) 16. Flange 16' Flange (second embodiment) 18. Expanded lip 18'. Expanded lip (second embodiment) 20. Compartment 20' Compartment (second embodiment) 22. Upper side 22'. Upper side (second embodiment) 24.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
EP20090172668 2009-10-09 2009-10-09 Verschluss für eine Einstiegsöffnung Revoked EP2312064B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK09172668T DK2312064T3 (da) 2009-10-09 2009-10-09 Mandehulslukke
EP20090172668 EP2312064B1 (de) 2009-10-09 2009-10-09 Verschluss für eine Einstiegsöffnung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20090172668 EP2312064B1 (de) 2009-10-09 2009-10-09 Verschluss für eine Einstiegsöffnung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2312064A1 true EP2312064A1 (de) 2011-04-20
EP2312064B1 EP2312064B1 (de) 2012-08-08

Family

ID=42045287

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20090172668 Revoked EP2312064B1 (de) 2009-10-09 2009-10-09 Verschluss für eine Einstiegsöffnung

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2312064B1 (de)
DK (1) DK2312064T3 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014175070A1 (ja) * 2013-04-22 2014-10-30 日之出水道機器株式会社 地下構造物用蓋
NO336536B1 (no) * 2013-06-20 2015-09-21 Ulefos Jernvaerk As Støpt lokk med påstøpt pakning
FR3047021A1 (fr) * 2016-01-27 2017-07-28 Sodaf Geo Ind Dispositif d'obturation d'un regard de reseau d'eau

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2102479A (en) * 1981-07-06 1983-02-02 Pont A Mousson A man-hole for a road
EP0322588A1 (de) * 1987-12-02 1989-07-05 Gerhard Enssle Dichtung.
FR2661437A1 (fr) * 1990-04-26 1991-10-31 Pont A Mousson Regard de chaussee.
US5324135A (en) 1993-04-28 1994-06-28 Dennis Smith Locking cover
EP0856611A1 (de) 1997-01-30 1998-08-05 Norinco Verriegelungsvorrichtung für eine scharnierende Schachtabdeckung
EP1249543A1 (de) 2001-04-13 2002-10-16 Saint-Gobain Pam Verriegelungsvorrichtung zur gegenseitigen Verriegelung zweier Elemente, insbesondere ein Abdeckelement auf einem Stützrahmen
WO2005000549A1 (en) * 2003-05-28 2005-01-06 Trelleborg Forsheda Building Ab Bottom ring for a mould for casting a concrete pipe with partially embedded rubber strip
EP1621679A1 (de) 2004-07-30 2006-02-01 Norinco Einrichtung zum Auf- und Abriegeln eines Deckels bzw. einer Kappe auf einem Rahmen mittels eines Schlüssels
EP2050880A1 (de) 2007-06-25 2009-04-22 Ulefos NV AS Schachtabdeckungsschloss

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2102479A (en) * 1981-07-06 1983-02-02 Pont A Mousson A man-hole for a road
EP0322588A1 (de) * 1987-12-02 1989-07-05 Gerhard Enssle Dichtung.
FR2661437A1 (fr) * 1990-04-26 1991-10-31 Pont A Mousson Regard de chaussee.
US5324135A (en) 1993-04-28 1994-06-28 Dennis Smith Locking cover
EP0856611A1 (de) 1997-01-30 1998-08-05 Norinco Verriegelungsvorrichtung für eine scharnierende Schachtabdeckung
EP1249543A1 (de) 2001-04-13 2002-10-16 Saint-Gobain Pam Verriegelungsvorrichtung zur gegenseitigen Verriegelung zweier Elemente, insbesondere ein Abdeckelement auf einem Stützrahmen
WO2005000549A1 (en) * 2003-05-28 2005-01-06 Trelleborg Forsheda Building Ab Bottom ring for a mould for casting a concrete pipe with partially embedded rubber strip
EP1621679A1 (de) 2004-07-30 2006-02-01 Norinco Einrichtung zum Auf- und Abriegeln eines Deckels bzw. einer Kappe auf einem Rahmen mittels eines Schlüssels
EP2050880A1 (de) 2007-06-25 2009-04-22 Ulefos NV AS Schachtabdeckungsschloss

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014175070A1 (ja) * 2013-04-22 2014-10-30 日之出水道機器株式会社 地下構造物用蓋
CN105229237A (zh) * 2013-04-22 2016-01-06 日之出水道机器株式会社 地下结构物用盖
JPWO2014175070A1 (ja) * 2013-04-22 2017-02-23 日之出水道機器株式会社 地下構造物用蓋
CN105229237B (zh) * 2013-04-22 2017-04-26 日之出水道机器株式会社 地下结构物用盖
NO336536B1 (no) * 2013-06-20 2015-09-21 Ulefos Jernvaerk As Støpt lokk med påstøpt pakning
FR3047021A1 (fr) * 2016-01-27 2017-07-28 Sodaf Geo Ind Dispositif d'obturation d'un regard de reseau d'eau

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK2312064T3 (da) 2012-10-08
EP2312064B1 (de) 2012-08-08

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