EP2307302B1 - Device for controlled winding up and winding out of a wire rope - cable - Google Patents

Device for controlled winding up and winding out of a wire rope - cable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2307302B1
EP2307302B1 EP09788632A EP09788632A EP2307302B1 EP 2307302 B1 EP2307302 B1 EP 2307302B1 EP 09788632 A EP09788632 A EP 09788632A EP 09788632 A EP09788632 A EP 09788632A EP 2307302 B1 EP2307302 B1 EP 2307302B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wire rope
winding
roller
sheave
rollers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09788632A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2307302A1 (en
Inventor
Franc Pisek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pisek Vitli Krpan doo
Original Assignee
Pisek Vitli Krpan doo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pisek Vitli Krpan doo filed Critical Pisek Vitli Krpan doo
Priority to PL09788632T priority Critical patent/PL2307302T3/en
Publication of EP2307302A1 publication Critical patent/EP2307302A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2307302B1 publication Critical patent/EP2307302B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28—Other constructional details
    • B66D1/36—Guiding, or otherwise ensuring winding in an orderly manner, of ropes, cables, or chains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/54—Safety gear
    • B66D1/56—Adaptations of limit switches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/60—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans adapted for special purposes

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of cable winches used in forestry, more precisely to the field of devices for winding up or winding out a wire rope and providing for reliable stopping.
  • a technical problem is a construction solution to the device for winding out a wire rope - cable of a forestry winch that will provide for a controlled, smooth and biased winding up of a rope as well as offering a possibility of an automatic interruption of wire rope drive, if a sensor is located too close to an end piece for clamping a log.
  • known solutions do not provide for spatial adjustment of guide rollers and cable during winding up and winding out of the cable from a winch drum.
  • a damper element with a return valve on the return line of a hydraulic pump engine, controlled rolling of the winch sheave is achieved in winding up and winding out.
  • the return valve allows for an undisturbed oil flow through the hydraulic engine during winding up of the cable, wherein said hydraulic engine operates as a hydraulic pump.
  • the control function of the operation of a hydraulic engine in known solution is performed by an additional direction control valve, which simultaneously supervises the activity of a battery in the hydraulic system.
  • a disadvantage thereof is the interrupted function of the hydraulic battery and the additional direction control valve.
  • the essence of a device for controlled winding up and winding out of a wire rope - cable via winch lies in that a sensor for the control of the position of an end piece - terminal part or an adjustable stop - washer of a towing end of the cable offers a possibility to switch the winch off, should the towing end of the cable with the end piece come close to a certain distance to the guiding orifice of the cable.
  • the spatial, i.e. three-dimensional adjustment of the wire rope running on the winch and sheave to the orifice and end piece is regulated by an oscillating support on guide push rollers pushed by two springs located each on its respective screw of the oscillating support.
  • the hydraulic drive disposes over a damper valve and a return valve on the return line of the hydraulic engine.
  • a device for controlled, smooth and biased winding up and winding out of a wire rope is designed in a way that a wire rope 3 is led from a pulley 1 via assembly 2 to a guide orifice 19, on which a sensor 4 is arranged. Said wire rope 3 runs from said orifice 19 to an end piece 5 for clamping load. Between said end piece 5 and said orifice 19 there is an adjustable delimiter 18 delimiting the movement of said wire rope 3. Said wire rope 3 is led from said pulley 1 through a semi-circular groove 13a of a sheave 13 and with semi-circular grooves of rollers 7 and 8 through said orifice 19.
  • Said rollers 7 and 8 are arranged on an oscillating support 6 and fastened by screws 9 and 10 provided by a pair of springs 11 and 12.
  • Said roller 7 equals in its shape to said roller 8 and is designed in a way that in the central part of said roller 7, where the crossbar is widest, there is a semi-circular groove for a wire rope 3. From said semi-circular groove of said roller 7 or said roller 8 said crossbar of rollers diminishes down to the bracing for the roller axle.
  • the shape of said roller 7 or 8 reminds one of a somewhat thicker disc having an indented semi-circular groove in the centre.
  • Said sheave 13 is provided with said groove 13a in the centre between two circular sides that are flat on the external side and get narrower towards the base of said groove 13a on the internal side.
  • a hydraulic engine drives said wire rope 3 along said groove 13a of said sheave 13
  • the latter is pushed on its upper side into the grooves of said roller 7 and roller 8, which equally press said wire rope 3 into said groove 13a of said sheave due to the action of said springs 11 and 12.
  • the pressing of said rollers 7 and 8 on said rope as well as said groove 13a of said sheave 13 is regulated by said springs 11 and 12 fastened by said screws 9 and 10 to said oscillating support 6, wherewith a safe and stable position of said rope 3 is ensured during the operation of said pulley.
  • a three-dimensional adjustment of said sheave 13 and said rollers 7, 8 to the position of said rope 3 within said groove 13a is ensured.
  • Said sensor 4 provides control over the position of said end piece 5 or said adjustable delimiter 18 of the towing end of said wire rope 3.
  • Said biased oscillating support 6 pushes said guide rollers 7 and 8 towards said rope 3 and said sheave 13 of said pulley 1.
  • Said hydraulic engine 14 drives said sheave 13, and since pressure is present between said wire rope 3, said guide rollers 7 and 8 and said sheave 13, the friction is created that allows for an undisturbed, controlled, smooth and biased winding up and winding out of said wire rope 3.
  • Said oscillating support 6 enables an undisturbed adjustment of said guide rollers 7 and 8 to said wire rope 3 and almost a constant pressure of said guide rollers 7 and 8 to said wire rope 3.
  • a return line 17 of said hydraulic engine 14 is provided with a damper valve 15 and a return valve 16.
  • said damper valve 15 and said return valve 16 control the movement of said rope 3 in a way that the speed of movement of said wire rope 3 is set by setting said damper valve 15.
  • Figure 1 shows said pulley 1 with said assembly 2 for controlled winding up and winding out of said wire rope 3.
  • Said sensor 4 controls the position of said end piece 5 together with said delimiter 18 adjustable along said rope 3 and with a pre-set point of switching off the drive of said wire rope.
  • said delimiter 18 triggers the circuit switch-off, i.e. switches off said drive 14 for winding up of said wire rope of a winch and thus interrupts the towing of said wire rope 3. This is the way of avoiding damages on the winch, pulley or even a human hand, should the operator not be attentive and holds said wire rope.
  • Said device for controlled winding up and winding out of a wire rope - cable of the invention allows for a safety function of automatic switch-off of winch towing and for a controlled, three-dimensional ensuring the proper position and thus equal distribution of towing force in said wire rope, which is smoothly wound up onto a winch drum.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-section of said oscillating support 6 of said rollers 7 and 8, wherein said springs 11 and 12 are biased by means of said screws 8 and 19.
  • Said oscillating support 6 of said guide rollers 7 and 8 of the invention provides for an almost constant push force of the latter on said wire rope 3 and allows for a three-dimensional adjustment of said guide rollers with respect to said wire rope 3 and said sheave of said pulley 13.
  • Figure 3 shows a hydraulic diagram of the drive of said hydraulic engine 14, a damper valve 15 and a return valve 16 on a return line 17 of said hydraulic engine 14. According to the invention, no further direction control valve is needed and said hydraulic engine (14) is operated by a direction control valve of the winch drum break.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pulleys (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)

Description

    Field of Invention
  • The invention belongs to the field of cable winches used in forestry, more precisely to the field of devices for winding up or winding out a wire rope and providing for reliable stopping.
    • Technical Problem
  • A technical problem is a construction solution to the device for winding out a wire rope - cable of a forestry winch that will provide for a controlled, smooth and biased winding up of a rope as well as offering a possibility of an automatic interruption of wire rope drive, if a sensor is located too close to an end piece for clamping a log.
    • Prior Art
  • There is a known solution, in which a guiding push roller is arranged on a crank and biased by a pressure spring. This solution can have one, two or several cranks with guiding push rollers. A considerable disadvantage of said solution is an unproportional increase in push force in case a guide roller is moved away due to a changeable crossbar of a cable. As a consequence friction between the cable, push roller and pulley's sheave is increased. The cable thus gets mechanically transformed and its crossbar changed, which leads to an excess fatigue of the cable and to its considerably shorter life span. The changing in the push force of guide rollers on the cables is practically neglectable in the present invention due to the fastening of guide rollers to an oscillating roller support.
  • Moreover, known solutions do not provide for spatial adjustment of guide rollers and cable during winding up and winding out of the cable from a winch drum. By applying a damper element with a return valve on the return line of a hydraulic pump engine, controlled rolling of the winch sheave is achieved in winding up and winding out. The return valve allows for an undisturbed oil flow through the hydraulic engine during winding up of the cable, wherein said hydraulic engine operates as a hydraulic pump. The control function of the operation of a hydraulic engine in known solution is performed by an additional direction control valve, which simultaneously supervises the activity of a battery in the hydraulic system. A disadvantage thereof is the interrupted function of the hydraulic battery and the additional direction control valve.
  • In US 4,447,043 describes a device for arrangement of a limit switch and delimiter.
  • DE 198 30239 B describes an arrangement in which two rollers are arranged on a single oscillating support and fastened by screws that are provided by two pairs of springs.
  • DE 20 2005 020 694 U1 describes:
    a device for controlled, smooth and biased winding up and winding out of a wire rope to a winch drum, whereby a wire rope is led from a pulley through an assembly, whereby said wire rope is led to an end piece for clamping a load, said wire rope is led from said pulley through a semi-circular groove of a sheave and with semi-circular grooves of rollers, said rollers are arranged on oscillating supports and fastened by screws that are provided by a pair of springs and where said roller equalling in its shape to said roller is designed in a way that there is a semi-circular groove for said wire rope in the central part of said roller, where the crossbar is widest, that from said semi-circular groove of said rollers the crossbar of said rollers diminishes down to the bracing for the roller axle, that the shape of rollers reminds one of a somewhat thicker disc having an indented semi-circular groove in the centre and where the sheave is designed in a way that there is a groove in the centre between two circular sides, which are flat on the external side and get smaller on the internal side towards the base of said groove and where during winch operation a hydraulic engine drives said wire rope along said groove of said sheave and the wire rope is pushed on the upper side into the grooves of said rollers, which apply equal force on said wire rope to push same in said groove of said sheave.
    • Solution to the Technical Problem
  • The above mentioned drawbacks are avoided by a device according to claim 1.
  • The essence of a device for controlled winding up and winding out of a wire rope - cable via winch lies in that a sensor for the control of the position of an end piece - terminal part or an adjustable stop - washer of a towing end of the cable offers a possibility to switch the winch off, should the towing end of the cable with the end piece come close to a certain distance to the guiding orifice of the cable. The spatial, i.e. three-dimensional adjustment of the wire rope running on the winch and sheave to the orifice and end piece is regulated by an oscillating support on guide push rollers pushed by two springs located each on its respective screw of the oscillating support. Apart from a hydraulic engine, the hydraulic drive disposes over a damper valve and a return valve on the return line of the hydraulic engine.
  • A device for controlled winding up and winding out of a wire rope - cable of the invention will be described in more detail in the continuation of the disclosure by way of figures, showing in:
    • Figure 1 - an upper pulley of a winch with a device for controlled winding up and winding out of a wire rope,
    • Figure 2 - an oscillating support of guide rollers,
    • Figure 3 - a hydraulic circuit diagram of a hydraulic engine drive.
  • A device for controlled, smooth and biased winding up and winding out of a wire rope is designed in a way that a wire rope 3 is led from a pulley 1 via assembly 2 to a guide orifice 19, on which a sensor 4 is arranged. Said wire rope 3 runs from said orifice 19 to an end piece 5 for clamping load. Between said end piece 5 and said orifice 19 there is an adjustable delimiter 18 delimiting the movement of said wire rope 3. Said wire rope 3 is led from said pulley 1 through a semi-circular groove 13a of a sheave 13 and with semi-circular grooves of rollers 7 and 8 through said orifice 19. Said rollers 7 and 8 are arranged on an oscillating support 6 and fastened by screws 9 and 10 provided by a pair of springs 11 and 12. Said roller 7 equals in its shape to said roller 8 and is designed in a way that in the central part of said roller 7, where the crossbar is widest, there is a semi-circular groove for a wire rope 3. From said semi-circular groove of said roller 7 or said roller 8 said crossbar of rollers diminishes down to the bracing for the roller axle. The shape of said roller 7 or 8 reminds one of a somewhat thicker disc having an indented semi-circular groove in the centre. Said sheave 13 is provided with said groove 13a in the centre between two circular sides that are flat on the external side and get narrower towards the base of said groove 13a on the internal side. When a hydraulic engine drives said wire rope 3 along said groove 13a of said sheave 13, the latter is pushed on its upper side into the grooves of said roller 7 and roller 8, which equally press said wire rope 3 into said groove 13a of said sheave due to the action of said springs 11 and 12. The pressing of said rollers 7 and 8 on said rope as well as said groove 13a of said sheave 13 is regulated by said springs 11 and 12 fastened by said screws 9 and 10 to said oscillating support 6, wherewith a safe and stable position of said rope 3 is ensured during the operation of said pulley. Herewith a three-dimensional adjustment of said sheave 13 and said rollers 7, 8 to the position of said rope 3 within said groove 13a is ensured.
  • Said sensor 4 provides control over the position of said end piece 5 or said adjustable delimiter 18 of the towing end of said wire rope 3. Said biased oscillating support 6 pushes said guide rollers 7 and 8 towards said rope 3 and said sheave 13 of said pulley 1. Said hydraulic engine 14 drives said sheave 13, and since pressure is present between said wire rope 3, said guide rollers 7 and 8 and said sheave 13, the friction is created that allows for an undisturbed, controlled, smooth and biased winding up and winding out of said wire rope 3. Said oscillating support 6 enables an undisturbed adjustment of said guide rollers 7 and 8 to said wire rope 3 and almost a constant pressure of said guide rollers 7 and 8 to said wire rope 3. A return line 17 of said hydraulic engine 14 is provided with a damper valve 15 and a return valve 16. When said wire rope 3 is wound out, said damper valve 15 and said return valve 16 control the movement of said rope 3 in a way that the speed of movement of said wire rope 3 is set by setting said damper valve 15.
  • Figure 1 shows said pulley 1 with said assembly 2 for controlled winding up and winding out of said wire rope 3. Said sensor 4 controls the position of said end piece 5 together with said delimiter 18 adjustable along said rope 3 and with a pre-set point of switching off the drive of said wire rope. Should said end piece 5 and said sensor 4 come in contact, said delimiter 18 triggers the circuit switch-off, i.e. switches off said drive 14 for winding up of said wire rope of a winch and thus interrupts the towing of said wire rope 3. This is the way of avoiding damages on the winch, pulley or even a human hand, should the operator not be attentive and holds said wire rope.
  • Said device for controlled winding up and winding out of a wire rope - cable of the invention allows for a safety function of automatic switch-off of winch towing and for a controlled, three-dimensional ensuring the proper position and thus equal distribution of towing force in said wire rope, which is smoothly wound up onto a winch drum. Figure 2 shows a cross-section of said oscillating support 6 of said rollers 7 and 8, wherein said springs 11 and 12 are biased by means of said screws 8 and 19. Said oscillating support 6 of said guide rollers 7 and 8 of the invention provides for an almost constant push force of the latter on said wire rope 3 and allows for a three-dimensional adjustment of said guide rollers with respect to said wire rope 3 and said sheave of said pulley 13.
  • Figure 3 shows a hydraulic diagram of the drive of said hydraulic engine 14, a damper valve 15 and a return valve 16 on a return line 17 of said hydraulic engine 14. According to the invention, no further direction control valve is needed and said hydraulic engine (14) is operated by a direction control valve of the winch drum break.

Claims (3)

  1. Device for controlled, smooth and biased winding up and winding out of a wire rope to a winch drum, whereby a wire rope (3) is led from a pulley (1) through an assembly (2) to an orifice (19), on which there is a sensor (4), that said wire rope (3) is led from said orifice (19) to an end piece (5) for clamping a load, that between said end piece (5) and said orifice (19) there is arranged a delimiter (18) delimiting movement of said wire rope (3), that said wire rope (3) is led from said pulley (1) through a semi-circular groove (13a) of said sheave (13) and with semi-circular grooves of rollers (7 and 8) through said orifice (19), that said rollers (7 and 8) are arranged on an oscillating support (6) and fastened by screws (9 and 10) that are provided by a pair of springs (11 and 12), that said roller (7) equalling in its shape to said roller (8) is designed in a way that there is a semi-circular groove for said wire rope (3) in the central part of said roller (7), where the crossbeam is widest, that from said semi-circular groove of said roller (7) or said roller (8) said cross-beam of said rollers diminishes down to the bracing for the roller axle, that the shape of rollers (7 or 8) reminds one of a somewhat thicker disc having an indented semi-circular groove in the centre, that a sheave (13) is designed in a way that there is a groove (13a) in the centre between two circular sides, which are flat on the external side and get smaller on the internal side towards the base of said groove (13a); that during winch operation a hydraulic engine drives said wire rope (3) along said groove (13a) of said sheave (13) and the latter is pushed on the upper side into the grooves of said roller (7) and roller (8), which apply equal force on said wire rope (3) to push same in said groove (13a) of said sheave (13).
  2. Device for controlled, smooth and biased winding up and winding out of a wire rope to a winch drum as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that said sensor (4) provides control over the position of said end piece (5) or said adjustable delimiter (18) of the towing end of said wire rope (3), that said biased oscillating support (6) pushes said guide rollers (7 and 8) towards said rope (3) and said sheave (13) of said pulley (1), that said hydraulic engine (14) drives said sheave (13), and since pressure is present between said wire rope (3), said guide rollers (7 and 8) and said sheave (13), the friction is created that allows for an undisturbed, controlled, smooth and biased winding up and winding out of said wire rope (3), that said return line (17) of said hydraulic engine (14) is provided with a damper valve (15) and a return valve (16), that is case of winding out of said wire rope (3) said damper valve (15) and said return valve (16) control the movement of said wire rope (3).
  3. Device for controlled, smooth and biased winding up and winding out of a wire rope to a winch drum as claimed in Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that said sensor (4) controls the position of said end piece (5) together with said delimiter (18) adjustable along said rope (3) and with a pre-set point of switching off the drive of said wire rope, that in case if said end piece (5) and said sensor (4) come in contact, said delimiter (18) triggers the circuit switch-off, i.e. switches off said drive for winding up of said wire rope of a winch, therewith interrupting the towing of said wire rope (3).
EP09788632A 2008-08-01 2009-07-31 Device for controlled winding up and winding out of a wire rope - cable Not-in-force EP2307302B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL09788632T PL2307302T3 (en) 2008-08-01 2009-07-31 Device for controlled winding up and winding out of a wire rope - cable

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200800194A SI22855A (en) 2008-08-01 2008-08-01 Device for controlled winding and unwinding of wire rope/spun wire cable
PCT/SI2009/000033 WO2010014048A1 (en) 2008-08-01 2009-07-31 Device for controlled winding up and winding out of a wire rope - cable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2307302A1 EP2307302A1 (en) 2011-04-13
EP2307302B1 true EP2307302B1 (en) 2012-11-21

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09788632A Not-in-force EP2307302B1 (en) 2008-08-01 2009-07-31 Device for controlled winding up and winding out of a wire rope - cable

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2307302B1 (en)
PL (1) PL2307302T3 (en)
SI (1) SI22855A (en)
WO (1) WO2010014048A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP4194389B1 (en) * 2021-12-08 2024-05-22 Pisek - Vitli Krpan, d.o.o. A pulley with improved guiding of a rope and a winch with said pulley

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US8220405B2 (en) 2004-08-06 2012-07-17 Global Innovative Sports Incorporated Winch system safety device controlled by towrope angle
US8651461B2 (en) 2004-08-06 2014-02-18 Global Innovative Sports Incorporated Towrope winch safety shutoff switch
US9592890B2 (en) 2004-08-06 2017-03-14 Global Innovative Sports Incorporated Towrope winch rider profile
SI23178B (en) * 2009-10-21 2015-10-30 Uniforest, D.O.O. Limitlessly rotatable directioning device with hydraulic motor drivensheave
JP5719536B2 (en) * 2010-07-13 2015-05-20 富士フイルム株式会社 Actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition and pattern forming method using the same
CN102108842A (en) * 2010-12-24 2011-06-29 北京市三一重机有限公司 Over-uncoiling prevention device for rotary drilling rig
FR2979625B1 (en) * 2011-09-02 2013-08-30 Thales Sa OPTICAL SYSTEM FOR DETECTING THE STATE OF WINDING OF A CABLE ON A WINCH
CN103234676B (en) * 2013-04-27 2015-04-29 安徽水利开发股份有限公司 Detection device for load and opening degree of winch hoist as well as detection method thereof
CN104773663B (en) * 2015-03-29 2017-10-27 南京梅山冶金发展有限公司 Steel wire rope derailing is clamped the preparation method put on a kind of anti-hoist roller
SI24997A (en) * 2015-05-22 2016-11-30 PIĹ EK - VITLI KRPAN, d.o.o. A winch with a safety mechanism to stop the winding of the rope
CN112010212A (en) * 2020-07-31 2020-12-01 捷胜海洋装备股份有限公司 Automatic cable arrangement equipment
DE102020125562A1 (en) * 2020-09-30 2022-03-31 Suffel Fördertechnik GmbH & Co. KG. forest winch

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GB1217174A (en) * 1967-08-09 1970-12-31 Nat Res Dev Improvements relating to electric arc welding apparatus, and particularly welding wire feed systems
US4447043A (en) * 1982-09-14 1984-05-08 Augustino Bocchiaro Automatic cable stop for towing winch
DE19830239B4 (en) * 1998-07-07 2008-02-07 S + R Maschinenbau Gmbh Schlang & Reichart Forstseilwinden Forestry winch
DE10014913A1 (en) * 2000-03-17 2001-10-04 Mannesmann Ag Limit switch for lifting device, operates stop brake for universal lifting motor with stator and rotor coils connected to power supply in series
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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4194389B1 (en) * 2021-12-08 2024-05-22 Pisek - Vitli Krpan, d.o.o. A pulley with improved guiding of a rope and a winch with said pulley

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2307302A1 (en) 2011-04-13
PL2307302T3 (en) 2013-04-30
WO2010014048A1 (en) 2010-02-04
SI22855A (en) 2010-02-26

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