EP2299798A1 - Häckselaggregat für feldhäcksler - Google Patents
Häckselaggregat für feldhäckslerInfo
- Publication number
- EP2299798A1 EP2299798A1 EP09777223A EP09777223A EP2299798A1 EP 2299798 A1 EP2299798 A1 EP 2299798A1 EP 09777223 A EP09777223 A EP 09777223A EP 09777223 A EP09777223 A EP 09777223A EP 2299798 A1 EP2299798 A1 EP 2299798A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chopper
- movement
- chopping
- drum
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/08—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for cutting up the mown crop, e.g. forage harvesters
- A01D43/085—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted therefor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for operating a chopping unit for trailed or self-propelled forage harvester according to the independent claims.
- Forage harvesters are used in agricultural technology to pick up on the field or lying on the ground and already mown plant matter and to crush this and then handed over to a transport vehicle.
- Forage harvesters are equipped for this purpose, for example, with a pick-up, a maize header or a corn picker as attachments.
- Forage harvesters are predominantly used as self-propelled machines, but are also known as trailed agricultural machines for attachment to tractors.
- As drive source is an internal combustion engine available, either that of the driver or a towing vehicle. But always high specific drive power is required, which are associated with correspondingly high fuel consumption, high costs and high CC> 2 emissions.
- the invention aims to significantly improve the energy balance in trailed or self-propelled forage harvesters and thus preferably the fuel consumption, in particular that of self-propelled forage harvesters, which are used for example for the harvesting process of renewable resources, and the associated costs and the CCh Reduce emissions sustainably.
- the invention describes a method and a device, inter alia for reducing the energy consumption at the shaft of the chopper drum of forage harvesters.
- the method is characterized in that the cutting movement as part of the rotational movement of the chopper as the first relative movement between crop flow and chopping knives, which is approximately perpendicular to the crop flow, another independent of the first relative movement between crop flow and chopper knives or a translational movement as a second relative movement a forced vibration exciter is imposed.
- a device according to the invention is characterized in that the chopper drum and / or at least one of the chopper blades and / or at least one of the chopper drum upstream of the flow direction of the material flow pre-press roller and / or the chaff drum facing portion of the incoming Gutstrom a vibrational exciter to produce translational , in particular linear oscillations or movements is associated.
- translation is defined as a movement in which all points of the body describe congruent paths, and rotation as motion, in which all points describe concentric circles around a certain straight line, the rotation axis (see Gerthsen Physik , 22nd ed., P. 72, Springer Verlag).
- a significant proportion of the energy for driving the chopping blades of a chopper drum must be applied to overcome the frictional forces acting on them in the ongoing chopping operation. These frictional forces act as braking forces on the output shaft of the chopper drum, which leads to an increase in the torque on the output shaft and thus to increase the power consumption.
- the invention advantageously lowers the frictional forces, preferably by reducing the coefficient of friction between the incoming product flow fed to the chopper knives by vibrations in accordance with the invention.
- the cutting movement of the chopping blades relative to Gutstrom_eine second form of movement preferably a translational, in particular a in Substantially linear, and / or a relative to the first relative movement second relative movement, imposed.
- This second movement or second relative movement advantageously generates an exciter force of a vibration exciter to excite an adjustment or oscillatory movement.
- the previously mentioned braking forces can be reduced by reducing the coefficient of friction between the crop flow as shredded material and the rotating or movable chopping knives.
- the individual chopping blades can be excited relative to the revolving cutterhead, the entire cutterhead relative to the crop flow with or without oscillating movement of the chopper housing or the material flow itself to oscillations or movements.
- the crop stream can be caused to oscillate in that the counter blade of the chopping blades and / or at least one of the pre-compression rollers are excited to vibrate.
- the oscillatory motion form can be one-dimensional or two-dimensional, linear or, for example, circular. If two oscillations are superposed on each other, a two-dimensional oscillation, e.g. a circular oscillation.
- a particularly advantageous application of the invention for generating a circular oscillation is shown in the following Ausfiihrungsbeispiel with reference to a chopper drum with internal driven via a planetary gear imbalance mass and described in detail.
- Advantageous excitation forces for exciting the vibrations can be generated, for example, by a circulating imbalance mass, which causes a centrifugal force hydraulically or electronically based on magnetic forces pulsator and / or by forces, including based on the piezoelectric effect, which is caused by crystal expansion.
- the position of an axis of rotation of the chopper drum and / or at least one of the chopper blades and / or at least one pre-press roller upstream of the chopper drum and / or the position of the region of the incoming good flow facing the chopper drum are made adjustable by the vibration exciter.
- the position of the axis of rotation or of the axes of rotation may be a translation movement, in particular a linear movement, i. one-dimensional motion, and / or a curved path, in particular a circular motion or elliptical motion or the like, i. a two-dimensional movement, perform.
- the second relative movement between the flow of material and chopper blade is aligned transversely to the first relative movement.
- This may mean that a forward and backward movement between material flow and knives is realized or the speed of the material flow in the flow direction is variable or oscillates, ie the material flow is alternately, in particular periodically, jammed or slowed down and relaxed again or accelerated .
- the stowage and relaxation of the incoming Gutstromes can be done for example by changing the distance between two opposing pre-press rollers. For this purpose, it is generally sufficient to change only the position of one of the corresponding pre-press rollers. However, in certain applications, it may well be beneficial to position two Pre-press rollers, in particular of in the flow direction of the crop flow successively arranged pre-press rollers to adjust according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows the basic and simplified structure of a chopping unit 1 according to the invention, wherein the representation of the attachment is dispensed with, because this is sufficiently known to the skilled person and the type of attachment for the invention of secondary importance.
- the chopper drum 2 is rotatably mounted in a chopper housing 8 and the orbital motion and its direction of rotation 9 is designed so that the rotating chopping blades 10 of the chopper drum 2 with the counter-blade 7 work together.
- the chopper housing 8 has a passage opening 11 above the counterblade 7.
- the chopper housing 8, the outlet shaft 12 closes with the indicated Exhaust manifold 13 on.
- the chopping unit 1 is part of the forage harvester with its front wheels 15, the cab 16 and the chassis 14.
- the chopping unit 1 is advantageously taken as part of the forage harvester 14 of this and it is based, for example, vibration isolation on the chassis 14 from.
- the chopper drum 2 is driven, starting from a drive motor, in particular internal combustion engine 18, which is preferably carried out with the aid of a revolving endless drive, for example formed as a force band 17, which winds around the pulleys 19,20,.
- FIG. 2 shows the chopping unit 2 according to FIG. 1 in an enlarged view in a side view.
- the chopper housing 8 is supported in a vibration-isolated manner in the bearing points 23, 23 'on the vibration isolators 24, 24'.
- the circumferentially driven chopper drum 2 rotates circumferentially about a fixed axis 21, which is supported via torque arms 22 on both sides of the Hußselgepuruses 8 via a vibration isolator 26 in the pickup point 25 directly or indirectly on the chassis 14, whereby the fixed axis 21 and thus also the axis of rotation 46th in the sense of the invention adjustable or capable of carrying out vibrations is held in their respective position.
- the torque arms take on the anvil 6, on which the counter-blade is mounted adjustable.
- FIG. 3 shows a section AA through the chopping unit 2 according to FIG.
- the section AA illustrates the storage and the drive of the chopper drum 2 on the fixed axis 21.
- the axis 21 is pinned to the flange hub 28 by means of a clamping sleeve 29.
- the flange hub 28 receives in a centering the torque arm 21, which is screwed at the same time by means of hexagonal screws 30 with this rotatably.
- Stored is the axis 21 and thus at the same time the chopper drum 2 in the rolling bearings 31, which wall 32 in the housing sides of the chopper housing 8 are supported.
- the chopper drum 2 consists essentially of the drum housing 33, formed as a cylindrical hollow body, the flange hubs 34 with the axially extending outwardly bearing necks 35, which at the same time include the seat of the bearings 31.
- the pulley 20 as a drive element of the chopper drum 2 is non-rotatably connected by means of a feather key 36 with the flange hub 20.
- another pulley 37 is also rotatably connected with a feather key 36 with the flange hub now as an output element, can be connected to the other drive elements driven.
- Both flange hubs 34 are received in a centering 38 of the drum housing 33 and are non-rotatably flanged by means of a screw 39 to the drum housing 33.
- the flange hubs 34 and the drum housing 33 are thus rotatably connected to each other, engage over the fixed axis 21 and are also based in the rolling bearings 40 and 41 on the axis 21 from.
- each unbalance 43,43 ' arranged as a vibration exciter 79, which are supported in the rolling bearings 44 on the fixed axis 21. Details of this unbalance 43, 43 'are shown on an enlarged scale in FIGS. 3a to 3d.
- FIG. 3a shows the unbalance according to Figure 3 isolated in a sectional view.
- the imbalance 43 is in two parts from two unbalanced masses 45,45 'and it takes in its interior, the bearings 44, wherein the center of gravity S of the imbalance masses 45,45', the distance R to the axis of rotation 46 occupies.
- the two imbalance masses are 45.45 ' rotatably connected to each other by means of a screw 47.
- FIG. 3a shows the view X according to FIG. 3a
- FIG. 3c shows the view Y according to FIG. 3a.
- FIG. 3 d shows the section BB according to FIG. 3 a.
- the imbalance mass 45 ' is a pinion 48 is pressed, which is additionally rotatably by means of feathers 49 with the imbalance mass 45' is connected.
- FIG. 3f shows an enlarged detail of Figure 3 and illustrates the drive of the Un balances 43 and the vibration exciter 79 within the drum housing 33, which takes place by a planetary gear 50.
- the sun gear 51 at the same time represents the pinion gear 48 in which mesh three planetary gears 52 which are rotatably mounted on the respective planetary shaft 53.
- the planetary shafts are mounted in the rolling bearings 54, which are received by bearing seats of the web 55.
- the web 55 is rotatably connected by a key 56 with the fixed axis 21.
- Opposite of the planetary gear 52 is a further pinion 57 rotatably connected to the respective planetary shaft 53 rotatably connected, which engages in the internal teeth of the ring gear 58 of the planetary gear 50 and rolls on this.
- the ring gear 58 also has, like the drum housing 33, a centering which receives the ring gear 58.
- the ring gear 58 by screw 38 and 59 fixed to the drum housing 33 and the flange hub 34 rotatably connected.
- the second imbalance 43 ' is driven to the right of the bearing flange 42 by a second planetary gear 50'.
- the rolling bearings 41 are mounted in oscillating elements 61, for example, a combination of rubber element and metal body, so that the entire cutterhead 2 including fixed axis 21, torque arm 22,22 ', anvil 6 and counter blade 7 relative to the chopper housing 8 oscillatory movements 78 with the same amplitude ausberten can.
- Fig.6 illustrates the basic structure of the chopper 1 in a synopsis in a simplified line representation.
- FIG. 7a shows the detail Z according to FIG. 7 in an enlarged view.
- An electrical impulse voltage generator 67 periodically applies an electrical conduction system 68 to the package of layered piezoelectric elements 66, causing it to periodically change shape, thereby causing the knife drum to oscillate about the axis 69 of the pivot pin.
- this oscillation process can also be generated by a hydraulic pulsator 70 as oscillation exciter 79.
- a hydraulic pulsator 70 is a vibration generator as a hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod by a hydraulic system 75, consisting of a pressure source 71, a control unit 72 for generating the pulsation and the corresponding line connections 73,74 for transmitting the hydrostatic energy is caused to oscillate.
- the hydraulic cylinder is clamped in the hinge points 76,77 and is supported on the one hand on the chopper housing 8 or housing sides wall 32 and on the other to the bearing housing of the pivot bearing 62 from. It goes without saying that these arrangements are provided at both ends of the cutterhead 2.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show a further and basic embodiment according to the invention.
- the crop stream 80 by a hydraulic Pulsator 70 is added as a vibration exciter 79 in a swinging motion 78.
- the pulsator 70 is hydraulically actuated analogously as described in Figure 8 and it is clamped in the hinge points 76,77 between the rocker 81 and the chassis 14 directly or indirectly.
- the counter-blade 7 fastened on the anvil 6 is supported by a vibration isolator 26 so that it can vibrate directly or indirectly on the chassis 14.
- the vibration generator 79 or pulsator 79 acts on a rocker 81 which is pivotally supported about a pivot point 82 at this. Received from the rocker 81 in bearings 83, the lower rear pre-press roller 4, including its rocker arm 81, is set in oscillatory motion 78 about the pivot point 82.
- the oscillatory movement 78 can thus be transmitted from the pulsator 70 via the rocker 81 and thus via the rear pre-press roller 4 to the crop stream 80 and thus also to the counter-blade 7. It goes without saying that this arrangement is provided at both ends of the pre-press roller 4.
- FIG. 10 and FIG. 1 show approximately identical solution forms to FIG. 9 with the difference that there a pulsator 70 or a vibrating motor 84 acts as vibration exciter 79 directly on the torque support 22, 22 'or on the anvil.
- a pulsator engages in the hinge point 77 and is supported in the hinge point 76 directly or indirectly on the chassis 14.
- a vibrator motor 84 with unbalanced masses 85 is flanged directly to the anvil.
- the counter-blade 7, which is screwed to the torque support 22, 22 'via the anvil is thus set into oscillatory movements 78, which in turn are transferred to the material flow 80.
- Oscillation movements 78 of this type can therefore also be driven by means of vibrator motors 84, mechanically, electrically or hydraulically.
- the oscillation frequency of the oscillatory motion 78 may be greater than, equal to, or less than the rotational frequency of the chopper drum.
- the oscillation frequency can be changed in a particularly advantageous manner by varying the rotational frequency of an imbalance, which according to the invention can also be effected by an upstream planetary gear. Analogously, this can also be done by hydraulic or electric drives whose output speed can be easily varied control technology with the known means.
- oscillatory movements are not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but they are to be understood by way of example as possible embodiments.
- the decisive feature of the invention is the oscillatory movement 78 as an additional relative movement between chopper blade 10 and nach Wegendem Gutstrom 80, which is the dynamic system Gutstrom / rotating chopper knife 10 imposed. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Harvester Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200810033922 DE102008033922B4 (de) | 2008-07-18 | 2008-07-18 | Häckselaggregat für Feldhäcksler |
| PCT/EP2009/005160 WO2010006788A1 (de) | 2008-07-18 | 2009-07-16 | Häckselaggregat für feldhäcksler |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2299798A1 true EP2299798A1 (de) | 2011-03-30 |
Family
ID=41168739
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09777223A Withdrawn EP2299798A1 (de) | 2008-07-18 | 2009-07-16 | Häckselaggregat für feldhäcksler |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2299798A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102008033922B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2010006788A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110089261B (zh) * | 2019-05-21 | 2021-02-26 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种玉米联合收割机内部改进的秸秆粉碎装置 |
| DE102021128822A1 (de) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-11 | Claas Saulgau Gmbh | Häckselmesser eines Feldhäckslers und Verfahren zum Herstellen desselben |
| CN114946390B (zh) * | 2022-06-15 | 2023-08-25 | 江西农业大学 | 矮化香樟树的切割粉碎一体机 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2751238C2 (de) * | 1977-11-16 | 1979-07-26 | Gebrueder Linck Maschinenfabrik Und Eisengiesserei Gatterlinck, 7602 Oberkirch | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Nutzholz aus Rundholzstämmen |
| DE3007183A1 (de) * | 1980-02-26 | 1981-09-10 | Gödöllöi Agrártudományi Egyetem, Gödöllö | Getriebeeinheit zum energiesparenden antrieb von mit dreh- oder schwingbewegung arbeitenden elementen von vorrichtungen, insbesondere von landwirtschaftlichen zerkleinerungs- und dreschtrommeln |
| US4799625A (en) * | 1987-05-05 | 1989-01-24 | Ford New Holland, Inc. | Method and apparatus for adjusting a shear bar relative to a cutter head |
| US5573190A (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1996-11-12 | Goossen Industries & Construction | Method and apparatus for shredding a large bale |
| DE19511964A1 (de) * | 1995-03-31 | 1996-10-10 | Mertes Gmbh Anneliese | Schneidgerät |
| DE10134436A1 (de) * | 2001-07-19 | 2003-02-13 | Claas Selbstfahr Erntemasch | Verfahren zum Häckseln eines strangförmigen Erntegutstromes sowie Häckselaggregat zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
| DE10235919B4 (de) * | 2002-07-30 | 2006-02-09 | Deere & Company, Moline | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Bestimmung der Schärfe von Häckselmessern |
| DE202008003603U1 (de) * | 2007-10-01 | 2008-05-15 | Siller, Rudi | Scheibenschneidmaschine für strangförmige Lebensmittel |
-
2008
- 2008-07-18 DE DE200810033922 patent/DE102008033922B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-07-16 WO PCT/EP2009/005160 patent/WO2010006788A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2009-07-16 DE DE202009009788U patent/DE202009009788U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2009-07-16 EP EP09777223A patent/EP2299798A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2010006788A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2010006788A1 (de) | 2010-01-21 |
| DE102008033922A1 (de) | 2010-03-11 |
| DE102008033922B4 (de) | 2012-11-08 |
| DE202009009788U1 (de) | 2010-02-25 |
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