EP2289072A1

EP2289072A1 - Method for producing a braid, and also a braid comprising a plurality of wires

Info

Publication number: EP2289072A1
Application number: EP09757311A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Klaus Eichelmann
Original assignee: Dlb Draht und Litzen GmbH
Current assignee: Dlb Draht und Litzen GmbH
Priority date: 2008-06-06
Filing date: 2009-06-05
Publication date: 2011-03-02
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-05
Also published as: DE102008027295B4; HUE030436T2; RU2467422C2; WO2009146928A1; MX2010013381A; ES2602607T3; MA32373B1; CN102057444B; PL2289072T3; DE102008027295A1; US9027235B2; EP2289072B1; US20110186332A1; PT2289072T; RU2010152449A; EG26051A; CN102057444A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a braid (11) comprising a plurality of wires (12) which are composed of an electrically conductive material, in which method the wires are hard-drawn to a final diameter in at least a single- or multiple-wire drawing machine (19) or drawing apparatus in a final drawing step before braiding, so that the wire or wires (12) each have a tensile strength of at least 300 N/mm2 and that the hard-drawn wires (12) or a mixture of hard-drawn wires (12) and soft-annealed wires are then braided in a braiding machine (21) to form a braid (11) without a subsequent annealing process, and also to a braid which is produced in accordance with the above method.

Description

Method for producing a stranded wire and stranded wire from a plurality of wires

The invention relates to a method for producing a strand of a plurality of wires and a strand of a plurality of wires, which is provided in particular as an electrical line for motor vehicles.

The use of electrical wiring for motor vehicles, which are designed multi-core and made of copper, is well known. For example, such electrical cables come out of the ISO 6722. These strands can for example consist of 7, 12, 16, 19, 24 or 32 wires. Such strands can be designed as Würgelitzen or Aufbaulitzen. For example, a structural seat comprises a central wire around which one or more wire layers of wires are concentrically arranged. This results, for example, a

BeSTλTIGUNGSKOPIE Arrangement of 1 + 6 or 1 + 6 + 12 or 1 + 6 + 12 + 18 wires. Structural seats whose wire layers of the wires have the same direction of impact are referred to as so-called Unilay abutment seats. Such abutment seats with different direction of impact are referred to as True Concentric abutment seats.

For the production of the previous, in particular used in motor vehicles, strands wires are used, which are drawn with a multi-wire drawing machine to a predetermined diameter. Subsequently, these drawn wires pass through a annealer, whereby recrystallization of the structure of the drawn wires is performed. The wires are heated with a glow current of for example 2,000 A at an annealing power of 80 kW, for example, to soft glow the embrittled by the drawing wires again. The annealing treatment takes place in a nitrogen environment. Subsequently, these wires are wound in a winder on a spool and stored to then supply a Verlitzmaschine with the soft-annealed wires. The stranding machine produces, for example, construction strands with seven wires and a total cross-section of, for example, 0.35 mm ² , the wire having a diameter of, for example, 0.25 mm. Such body seats are required by the automotive industry, since these body seats meet the requirements of tensile strength, bending fatigue strength and other load parameters. For transmission of the electrical signals, such a construction seat with a cross section of, for example, 0.35 mm ^{2 is} oversized.

Due to rising commodity prices and the ability to reduce the overall cross-section of the strands, it has been suggested that brass wires be used instead of copper wires. This embodiment has the advantage that, given a smaller cross-section, the flexural strength and the tensile strength are given, but the material costs are higher than in the case of copper. Furthermore, in order to save copper in the production of such strands, aluminum has been proposed instead of copper. Although this allows a saving in weight and cost, however, it is necessary due to the material properties of an aluminum alloy, that overall the cross-section of the strand is increased.

Another possible solution was that a central wire made of steel is formed and this steel wire is surrounded by a copper sheathing. This refinement, in turn, allows a thinner cross-section and the saving of material while at the same time meeting the requirement for tensile strength, but not that of flexural strength. In addition, the manufacturing process is very expensive and complex. In addition, there are problems in cutting such a construction due to the very hard core over the soft copper cladding. There are also recycling problems and problems due to electrocorrosion due to the material pairing.

Furthermore, the last proposed arrangement of a strand has been modified in that instead of a copper sheath a wire layer of wires is provided around a steel core, which are made of copper. This structure has the disadvantage that different types of materials are to be recycled and moreover difficulties arise due to the different hardness when cutting the electrical line. Likewise, due to the material pairing, problems arise due to the electrocorrosion.

In another embodiment of a strand with soft annealed wires, one or more Kevlar fibers are incorporated to increase the tensile strength. This embodiment has the disadvantage that the production by the use of Kevlar fibers is expensive. In addition, problems arise when recycling and cutting the cables. The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a stranded wire, which allows a material saving and preferably a reduction of the cross section and at least the mechanical and electrical properties of the previous strands are maintained with soft annealed wires made of copper.

This object is achieved by a method according to the features of claim 1 and a strand according to the features of claim 11. Further advantageous embodiments and further developments are specified in the other respective dependent claims.

The inventive method for producing a strand of a plurality of wires, wherein one or more by at least one single and / or multiple wire drawing and / or drawing device in one or more drawing steps hard drawn wires and / or one or more further in a final drawing step prior to the stranding hard-drawn wires and / or one or more further wires treated with an annealing process are stranded into a strand in which the hard-drawn wire (s) have a tensile strength of at least 300 N / mm ² , has the advantage that such a strand is in comparison to a strand composed exclusively of soft annealed wires, having a smaller overall cross section and at least the same mechanical properties. Surprisingly, it has been found that the wire (s) drawn down by the single and / or multiple wire drawing machine or single and / or multiple wire drawing machines before being stranded have increased brittleness, but this brittleness after the hard drawn wire has been stranded Wires or the hard-drawn or unhardened wires with the one or more soft-annealed wires to a strand does not lead to premature breakage in the strand. Such a strand, which consists in particular exclusively of hard-drawn wires, surprisingly satisfies the requirements of the mechanical properties, such as the bending resistance or tensile strength. By this completely surprising finding can thus a process for the production of wires for the Litze be created, which is based on the previous technology and a high processing speed is possible. This amazing finding also leads to the fact that the use of smaller overall cross-sections of the strand not only a significant material savings and thus cost savings, but also a gain in space is possible.

According to a first advantageous embodiment of the method, it is provided that the number of wires provided for the strand is produced in one or more drawing steps in at least one single- or multiple-wire drawing or drawing device and wound onto a winder or a coil or coils without an annealing process. This enables a reduction in the manufacturing cost due to the complete saving of the annealing apparatus of the nitrogen used during the annealing process and the high power consumption for the annealing process. At the same time, a shortening of the process time for producing such hard-drawn and unannealed wires can be achieved. In addition, it can be ensured that the same quality of the wires is provided for the Verlitzvorgang and processed into a strand. Thus, it can come to a homogeneous processing due to the same material properties of the wires. It can also be ensured that the wires do not work out against the other stranded wires during loads that occur on the strand.

According to an alternative embodiment of the method, it is preferably provided that a number of the hard drawn in the single or Mehrfachdrahtziehmaschine or pulling wires annealed and a further number drawn in the same single or Mehrfachdrahtziehmaschine wires after passing through an annealing device separated by annealed and ungrafted hard-drawn wires each wound on at least one coil. This allows the wires used for a strand construction to be made from the same puller wire material and the same multiple wire drawing machine. An alternative modification of the above method preferably provides that the wires drawn down in at least one single or multiple wire drawing machine or drawing device are unblanked and wound on at least one reel and separated by the wire or wires drawn in at least one further single and / or multiple wire drawing machine after passing through the annealing device to be wound on at least one coil. Such an embodiment with a plurality of single and / or multiple wire drawing machines is used in particular for a large number of wires for the required strand structure, so that, for example, multiple wire drawing machines or a Mehrfachdrahtziehmaschine for producing unannealed, hard-drawn wires and at least one further single or Mehrfachdrahtziehmaschine for production used by annealed wires and the respective wires can be made independently.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the one or more wires in the at least one single or multiple wire drawing machine or drawing device with a degree of deformation of> 96% are pulled hard. This embodiment of the method is particularly provided when from a Vorziehmaterial without an annealing process, in which the wires in one or more drawing steps, which may include one or more drawing stages, are drawn down to a final dimension or a final diameter, which for the subsequent Verlitz to a strand is provided. As a result, particularly good bending strength and tensile strength can be achieved.

An alternative embodiment of the method preferably provides that the wire or wires in a single or multiple wire drawing machine or a drawing device in one or more drawing steps are preferred to an intermediate diameter and then the or with an intermediate diameter advanced wires are fed to an annealing device and go through them and are wound on the spool (s), then the spool or spools are provided for a subsequent bolting operation, the spool (s) being connected to another single or multiple wire drawing wire (s). fed and pulled hard in one or more drawing steps to a final size and be stranded in the Verlitzmaschine to a strand. This embodiment has the advantage that the drawing process takes place from a precursor material having an initial diameter to an end diameter of the wire to be stranded, at least in two drawing steps, wherein at least one annealing process is carried out between two drawing steps. As a result, tensile strengths of at least 300 N / mm ² , preferably more than 400 N / mm ² , can be achieved for the wires.

According to a further alternative embodiment of the method, it is provided that the wire (s) in at least one single or multiple wire drawing machine or drawing apparatus are advanced in one or more drawing steps to an intermediate diameter, which or the wires advanced with an intermediate diameter pass through an annealing device, then the or the drawn and annealed wires are fed to another single or multiple wire drawing machine and are drawn down to one final diameter in one or more drawing steps and are preferably wound onto the spool or spools and provided, in particular, for subsequent stranding of the spreader. In principle, this method has the same advantages as the above method and differs in that the hard-drawing operation of the drawn and soft-annealed wires immediately follows the annealing process. Thus, the subsequent Verlistervorgang can be completely maintained as before. In the method described above, the previous production of soft-annealed wires can in principle be maintained, wherein the Verlitzvorgang is modified by an upstream drawing operation with one or more drawing steps.

A preferred development of the at least two drawing steps with an intermediate annealing process comprehensive method provides that or on an intermediate diameter and pre-drawn soft annealed wires in the single or Mehrfachdrahtziehmaschine or pulling device in one or more drawing steps on a Final diameter are drawn down with a degree of deformation of less than 96%. The wires can be pulled forward to the intermediate diameter with one or more drawing steps. As a result, in turn wires can be produced which have a tensile strength of at least 300 N / mm ² , in particular a tensile strength of at least 400 N / mm ² .

A further preferred embodiment of the method envisages that the wire or wires drawn exclusively or without an annealing process or the preground and annealed and then hard-drawn with at least one drawing step to a final diameter wires and soft-annealed wires are stranded in a stranding machine into a strand , As a result, flexible adaptation of the mechanical properties of the strand depending on the number of different processes used for the strand construction, respectively, can be made possible.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the wires are drawn down to a final diameter of 0.10 mm to 1 mm by one or more drawing steps with one or more draw steps of each drawing step. Such diameters are particularly provided for wires used for a wire in automotive engineering or the like.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the method it is provided that the wires are all made of the same material. This allows a simple cutting to length of the strands or the completely insulated line and a simple recycling of such strands or the completely insulated line.

The object underlying the invention is further achieved by a stranded wire, in particular as an electric wire for motor vehicles, which has a strand construction of one or more hard-drawn wires or one or more wires drawn in a last drawing step before being stranded or a mixture of one or more several such hard-drawn wires or one or more ren annealed wires and that such hard drawn wires have a tensile strength of at least 300 N / mm ² . As a result, a specific adaptation to the respective required mechanical properties can take place, in which a reduced total cross section of the strand compared to an analogous structure with exclusively soft annealed wires and thus also a weight reduction can be achieved, in particular by the wires drawn in a last drawing step or wires drawn without annealing.

It is preferably provided that the hard-drawn wires are provided with a diameter of 0.10 mm to 0.37 mm, which have a tensile strength of 300 N / mm ² to 800 N / mm ^2, preferably greater than 400 N / mm ² . Such hard drawn wires have a higher tensile strength than soft annealed wires. For example, soft annealed wires of the same diameter made of the same material as the unannealed wires include a tensile strength of 200 N / mm ² to 300 N / mm ² .

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the hard-drawn wires with a diameter of 0.10 mm to 0.37 mm have an extensibility of 0.1% to 10%, preferably less than 2%, particularly preferably from 0.4% to 1%. , exhibit. This extensibility is lower compared to soft annealed wires. The soft annealed wires have an elongation capacity of more than 10% for the same diameter of the same material.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that a strand structure with, for example, seven individual wires of hard drawn wires has a strand cross section of 0.22 mm ² and corresponds in properties to an identical strand structure with seven wires of soft annealed wires, which comprises a strand cross section of 0.35 mm ² , As a result, a reduction of, for example, 0.13 mm ² can be achieved with almost similar mechanical properties due to the structure of the strand according to the invention with hard-drawn wires. This represents a saving of approximately 37% of the cross-sectional area. In addition, by analogy, a corresponding saving of weight and thus material costs. An analogous reduction of 0.5 mm ^{2 of} a strand with hard drawn wires is possible when using unannealed wires to a cross section of 0.35 mm ² . Further analogue reductions result accordingly with the other cross sections.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that toughened copper types, ie oxygen-containing copper types, such as, for example, Cu-ETP1, Cu-ETP or Cu-FRHC or oxygen-free copper types, such as, for example, Cu-AlCl, copper, are used for the unirradiated and annealed wires. OF or Cu-PHCE or a copper-magnesium alloy can be used. In the case of such abovementioned types of copper, it has surprisingly been found that the omission of the annealing process or an intermediate annealing for producing wires and subsequent entanglement of these wires of the strand according to the invention lead to a reduced cross section and a weight saving. Preferably, a copper alloy is provided for the production of all wires, which are required for the strand construction of a strand. The use of a copper-magnesium alloy, in particular according to DIN 17666 has the advantage that an increased strength is given. In addition, similar to the use of wires made of copper, the cross-sectional reductions can be achieved in the construction of a stranded wire. Preference is given to using CuMg 0.1 to CuMg 0.4 alloys. These have tensile strength of greater than 300 N / mm ² .

According to a preferred embodiment of the strand, it is provided that only wires made of the same material are provided for the strand construction. By using the same materials, there is no risk of electrocorrosion. In addition, a simplification in the work preparation is given because the same puller wires are processed.

The invention and further advantageous embodiments and developments thereof are described in more detail below with reference to the examples shown in the drawings and explained. The features to be taken from the description and the drawings can individually applied by itself or in any combination in accordance with the invention. Show it:

FIGS. 1 a and b show a schematic sectional view and a side view of a first embodiment of a strand according to the invention,

FIGS. 2 a and b show a schematic sectional illustration and side view of an alternative embodiment to FIGS. 1 a and b,

3a and b a schematic sectional view and side view of a further alternative embodiment to the figures Ia and B,

FIG. 4 shows a schematically simplified representation of method steps for producing a first embodiment of a strand,

FIG. 5 shows a schematically simplified illustration of method steps for producing a further embodiment of the strand,

FIG. 6 shows a schematically simplified representation of alternative method steps for producing the strand according to FIGS. 5 and

FIG. 7 shows a schematically simplified representation of further alternative method steps for producing the strand according to FIG. 5.

In the figures Ia and b is a schematic sectional view and a side view of a first embodiment of a strand 11 is shown. This strand 11 comprises a plurality of wires 12. This embodiment is a construction seat with a strand construction comprising a wire 12 with a central or central position. This wire 12 in a central position is surrounded by a first wire layer 14 of a plurality of wires 12, which, for example, six wires 12 summarizes. This first wire layer 14 is surrounded by a second wire layer 16 with, for example, twelve wires 12. In this construction seat, the direction of impact between the first wire layer 14 and the second wire layer 16 is opposite. This is evident, for example, from FIG. 1b. If the requirements are given that a larger line cross-section is required for such a construction seat, for example, a third wire layer is wound again in the opposite direction of impact on the second wire layer 16, in which case then eighteen wires 12 are used.

In strands 11, which are used in particular as electrical lines for motor vehicles, the strand 11 comprises in addition to the heddle 11 illustrated as a structural seat with nineteen wires 12 according to the figures Ia and b and strands 11, which has a wire 12 in a central position and a first wire layer 14 of six wires 12 includes, so that a total of seven wires 12 are stranded. Such an embodiment is used for example in vehicles as insulation reduced vehicle line, which has the short name FLRY. This seven-wire embodiment may include line cross-sections of 0.22 mm ² and 0.35 mm ² . Furthermore, insulation-reduced vehicle lines under the designation FLRY are offered from nineteen wires which comprise a construction, for example, according to FIGS. 1 a and b. These are referred to the strand cross-section as FLRY 0.5, FLRY 0.75 and FLRY 1.0. In addition, an alternative further embodiment of the strand 11 is used which comprises 12, 16, 24 and 32 wires and is designated FLRY 0.35, FLRY 0.5, FLRY 0.75 and FLRY 1.0. Furthermore, vehicle lines with further requirements are used, which are designated FLY 0.5, FLY 0.75 and FLY 1.0 with a number of 16, 24 and 32 wires. The same applies to heat-resistant vehicle cables, which are called FLYW or FLRYW. The embodiment of the strand 11 according to the invention and its alternative embodiments can be used instead of the vehicle lines cited above. The strand 11 of the invention may also be formed as a so-called Würgelitze. The wires 12 are strangled to the strand in such a Würgelitze, ie the wires 12 all have the same direction of impact and lay length, but no defined position of the wires 12 in the strand 11. It can also several bundles of wires 12 are strangled to a strand 11 to make a strangulation.

FIGS. 2 a and b show an alternative embodiment of a stranded wire 11 as a structural fit to FIGS. 1 a and b. This embodiment is thus referred to as so-called "unilay-concentric embodiment." In Figures 3a and b, another alternative embodiment is shown, which is referred to as a so-called "auto-unilay concentric embodiment". These embodiments differ in the position of the wires 12 within the wire layer 14, 16 to the adjacent wire layer 16, 14.

The strands 11 according to the invention, that is to say construction abutments and strangulation strands, are produced from copper alloys which correspond to DIN EN 13602, Table No. 1. These copper alloys include, on the one hand, toughened types of copper, ie oxygen-containing types of copper, as well as oxygen-free types of copper. Furthermore, a copper-magnesium alloy according to DIN 17666 can be provided.

The above-described embodiments of the stranded wire 11, which is shown as a structural seat in FIGS. 1 to 3 or constructed as a curling-type fit, according to a first embodiment of the invention, have a strand construction comprising exclusively hard-drawn wires 12. In an alternative embodiment of the strand 11 according to the invention, it can be provided that the above-described strands 11 comprise at least one hard-drawn wire 12 and at least one soft-annealed wire 12, so that a combination of at least one soft-annealed and at least one hard-drawn wire 12 is provided.

In a strand construction consisting of at least one hard-drawn and at least one soft-annealed wire 12, a variety of Combination options, especially in a body-mounted, be provided. For example, a strand 11 according to FIGS. 1 a and 1 b can comprise a wire 12 in central position made of annealed wire 12 and six wires 12 in the first wire layer 14 of unannealed or hard-drawn wires 12. The second wire layer 16, which surrounds the first wire layer 14, is formed with soft-annealed wires 12. It can also be provided that, for example, the wire 12 in a central position as a hard drawn wire 12 and in the first wire layer 14 of hard-drawn wires 12 and in the second wire layer 16 of annealed wires 12. This exemplary embodiment also applies in an interchangeable arrangement of the soft-annealed and hard-drawn wires 12. It is preferably provided in a combination of soft-annealed and hard-drawn wires 12 for a strand 11 that the individual wire layers 14, 16 are of homogeneous construction, that is, for a wire layer 14 , 16 either soft annealed or hard drawn wires 12 are used. But it can also be a mixture of the wires 12 are provided within a wire layer.

In the construction of the strand 11 as Würgelitze is particularly provided that several bundles of wires 12 are verlitzt to a Würgelitze, each bundle consists of one or more wires 12. Each bundle may include soft annealed and / or hard drawn wires 12. The term "hard-drawn wires" 12 is understood to mean the wires 12 produced subsequently by the method described in FIGS. 4 to 7.

4 shows a schematic representation of individual process sections for producing a first embodiment of the strand 11 is shown. For the production of a wire 12, individual raw wires or so-called pull wires are provided on spools 18 or baskets or spools 18 with wound multiple wires as draw wires, which are fed to a multiple wire drawing machine 19, for example. Alternatively, each wire 12 may be fed to a single-wire drawing machine or a drawing device. In this multi-wire drawing machine 19, for example, the precursor wires are stretched to a final stage in a multi-stage drawing step. pulled drawn and wound on the or the coil 20 dynamically or statically. In this multi-wire drawing machine 19, for example, a drawing step in which a Vorziehdraht is drawn with a diameter of, for example, 1.8 mm to a final diameter of 0.20 mm. An annealing process is not provided in this method. Rather, the hard-drawn without annealing wires 12, which are wound on the one or more coils 20, provided for a Verlitzvorgang. The coils 20 are fed to a Verlitzmaschine 21. Depending on the number of wires 12 for the strand 11, a corresponding number of wires 12 are subtracted from the coils 20 and verlitzt in the Verlitzmaschine 21. The produced strand 11 is wound on a spool 23. After the wires 12 have been stranded into a strand 11 in the Verlitzmaschine 21 this product is further processed into a line and then for further processing steps, such as cutting or attaching a Krimpe or the like provided. In this method, it is provided that the degree of deformation of Vorziehdrahtes hard pulled end wire 12 for processing into a strand 11 is greater than 96%. This means that the diameter reduction of the puller wire to the hard drawn wire 12 is greater than 96%. The wires 12 produced by this method as well as the wire 11 made with such wires 12 do not undergo annealing to recrystallize the embrittlement of the wires 12.

Alternatively it can be provided that with a higher number of wires 12, which are to be verlitzt instead of a Aufbaulitze for Würgelitze, a subset of the wires 12 on a first coil 20 and at least one further subset of the wires 12 to a second coil 20, etc. are wound until the number of wires 12, which are required for the strand construction, are wound on the coils 20. Subsequently, the wires 12 of all coils 20 are unwound simultaneously and fed to the Verlitzmaschine 21, so that all subsets of wires 12 are verlitzt to a Würgelitze.

By using such wires 12, for example, it is possible for a strand 11 to be opposite in cross-section by at least one step the cross sections of a strand can be reduced with conventional soft annealed wires. With a classical gradation of hitherto used strand cross sections of 0.22 mm ² , 0.35 mm ² , 0.5 mm ² , 0.75 mm ² and 1.0 mm ² , the nominal cross section can thus in each case be one or more stages, for example be reduced, so that with similar or the same mechanical properties and sufficient electrical properties now cross sections of 0.08 mm ² , 0.13 mm ² , 0.14 mm ² , 0.17 mm ² , 0.18 mm ² , 0, 22 mm ² , 0.35 mm ² , 0.5 mm ² and 0.75 mm ² can be used.

According to a further alternative embodiment of the stranded wire 11, it is provided that at least one hard-drawn wire 12 and at least one soft-annealed wire is used for the strand construction. To produce such strands 11, one stranding machine 21 is provided with one or more coils 20 of hard drawn wires 12 and one or more coils of annealed wires. In this embodiment, the advantage can already be achieved that a cross-sectional reduction and thus also a material saving is made possible. This combination of annealed and drawn wires 12 for a strand 11 is used in particular in a strand construction with a higher number of wires 12.

FIG. 5 shows a further alternative embodiment of the method for producing a stranded wire 11. In this embodiment, it is provided that on a coil 18 or baskets provided Vorziehdrähte a multi-wire drawing machine 25 are supplied. In this multi-wire drawing machine 25, in one or more drawing steps with one or more draw stages, the draw wire is pulled forward to an intermediate diameter. This drawn wire 12 is then fed to an annealing device 26 so that the texture of the drawn wire 12 can recrystallize. Subsequently, these pre-drawn and annealed wires 12 are wound on one or more coils 27. This coil 27 or coils 27 are provided for a further processing process of a Verlitzmaschine 21, wherein prior to stranding the drawn and annealed wires 12 another Mehrfachdrahtziehmaschine 28 or drawing Device are fed, which pulls in one or more drawing steps with one or more draw stages the drawn and annealed wire 12 to a final diameter, said wire 12 is pulled down in the other multiple wire drawing machine 28 or pulling device. This hard-drawn wire 12 is supplied to the Verlitzmaschine 21, so that a strand 11 can be prepared and wound on the spool 23.

The wires 12 produced by the method according to FIG. 5 thus deviate from the wires 12 according to the manufacturing method in FIG. 4 in that at least two drawing steps are provided and an annealing treatment of the wire 12 drawn to an intermediate diameter takes place between the at least two drawing steps. Thus, the pre-drawn and annealed wire 12 is drawn down from an intermediate diameter to a final diameter. It is preferably provided that the degree of deformation in the last drawing step is less than 96%. The or previous drawing steps before the annealing process are determined depending on the initial diameter and the required intermediate diameter. This low degree of deformation of less than 96% is sufficient to convert the single wire or wires to a hard-drawn wire or wires having a tensile strength of at least 300 N / mm ² , preferably of more than 400 N / mm ² .

The manufacturing method shown in Figure 5 has the advantage that the preparation of the drawn on an intermediate diameter and annealed wire can be made by already existing wire drawing machines for soft annealed wires, with only an adjustment of the drawing stages, ie an adapted selection of the drawing stage has to be done to produce the subsequently drawn single wire diameter.

FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of the method according to FIG. This embodiment differs in that the further multiple wire drawing machine 28 or pulling device is connected directly downstream of the glow device 26, so that the coil 29 o- The coils 29 are wound wires 12, which are pulled down in one or more drawing steps after the annealing to a final gauge and wound on the coil 29 and coils 29. The degree of deformation of this multiple wire drawing machine 28 or pulling device is less than 96%. Proceeding from this, the degree of deformation of the multi-wire drawing machine or multi-wire drawing machines 25 must be interpreted in order to taper the prefeed wire to the desired final dimension of the wire 12, which is provided for stranding in the Verlitzmaschine 21.

The manufacturing method shown in FIG. 7 has the same chronological sequence as the method described in FIGS. 5 and 6. The method illustrated in FIG. 7 differs from the method illustrated in FIG. 6 in that, in analogy to FIG. 5, after a first drawing step in the multi-wire drawing machine 25 or the drawing device and an annealing device 26, the wires 12 drawn to an intermediate diameter are wound onto spools 27 , These may then be provided to one or more multiple wire drawing machines 28 or drawing devices so that the drawing step occurs at a degree of deformation of less than 96% in a separate work station. Subsequently, the hard-drawn to the final diameter wires 12 are wound on spools 29, which, as described in Figures 4 and 6, a Verlitzmaschine 21 for producing a strand 11 are provided.

Such an interruption of the on-line process, as occurred in FIG. 7 between the annealing device 26 and the multi-wire drawing machine 28, may alternatively be between the multi-wire drawing machine 25 and the annealing device 26. Depending on the modularity such interruptions may be provided.

In the above-described embodiments according to FIGS. 4 to 7, a plurality of multiple wire drawing machines or one or more single wire drawing machines or one or more drawing devices or a combination thereof may be provided instead of a multi-wire drawing machine 19, 25, 28. The manufacturing method of wires 12 for a strand 11 described in FIGS. 4 to 6 relate to a strand construction consisting exclusively of hard-drawn wires 12 or of pre-drawn and annealed and then hard-drawn wires 12.

Any combination of the hard drawn wires 12 with the pre-drawn and annealed and then hard-drawn wires 12 is possible for making a strand. Accordingly, the coils 20 or 29 corresponding to the respective required number of wires for a strand 11 of the Verlitzmaschine 21 assigned. Furthermore, it may be provided that a hard-drawn wire 12 and a soft-annealed wire known from the prior art are stranded. Likewise, at least one pre-drawn and annealed and then hard-drawn wire 12 may be stranded with a soft-annealed wire known in the art. Likewise, a combination of the two aforementioned alternatives may be given.

If a mixture of the wires 12 of hard drawn wires 12 and / or annealed wires is to be made, these soft annealed wires can be fed directly to the multiple wire drawing machine 28 or pulling device of the Verlitzmaschine 21, so that also such any combination of the wires 12 for producing a strand 11th is possible.

Depending on the assignment of the individual coils 20, 27 and / or 29 and / or the coils of drawn to final gauge and annealed wires different combinations of a Aufbaulitze or Würgelitze can be made possible.

The wires described in the above description and in the claims can be provided both as individual wires on coils or baskets as well as multiple wires on coils or baskets.

Other combinations and variants depending on the strand construction are also possible.

Claims

claims

A method of making a strand (11) of a plurality of wires (12) made of an electrically conductive material,

in which in at least one single or multiple wire drawing machine or drawing device (19, 25, 28) the wire or wires (12) are pulled down in one or more drawing steps or in a final drawing step prior to being stranded to a final diameter, so that the one or more Wires (12) each have a tensile strength of at least 300 N / mm ² and that in a Verlitzmaschine (21) then the hard-drawn wires (12) or a mixture of hard drawn wires (12) and annealed wires to a strand (11) without subsequent Annealing be verlitzt.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the strand (11) provided for the number of wires (12) in one or more drawing steps in the single or Mehrfachdrahtziehmaschine (19) and without annealing to the coil (20) or the coils (20) are wound up.

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a number of the wires (12) drawn from the single or multiple wire drawing machine (19; 28) and a further number from the same multiple wire drawing machine (19) or at least one further single or multiple wire drawing machine (19) pulled wires after passing through an annealing device separately after hard-drawn wires (12) and annealed wires wound on at least one coil and the Verlitzmaschine (21) are provided for further processing.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the one or more wires (12) in the single or multiple wire drawing machine (19) are pulled hard with a degree of deformation of greater than 96%.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the wire (s) (12) in a single or multiple wire drawing machine (25) or drawing device are pulled forward in one or more drawing steps to an intermediate diameter such that the wire or wires drawn with an intermediate diameter (FIG. 12) are fed to an annealing device (26) and pass through them, that the drawn and annealed wires (12) are wound on the one or more coils (27) and that the coil (27) or coils (27) for the subsequent Verlitzvorgang a Verlitzma - (21) are provided that the one or more preferred and annealed wires (12) of another single or multiple wire drawing machine (28) or pulling device fed and pulled hard in one or more drawing steps to a final diameter and then to a strand (11) in the Verlitzma- machine (21) are verlitzt.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the one or more wires (12) in a single or multiple wire drawing machine (25) or pulling device are pulled forward in one or more drawing steps to an intermediate diameter that the one or more with an intermediate diameter drawn wires ( 12) are fed to an annealing device (26) such that the one or more drawn and annealed wires (12) are fed to another single or multiple wire drawing machine (28) or drawing device and are drawn down to a final diameter in one or more drawing steps and preferably on the spool (12). 29) or the coils (29) are wound up and provided for the subsequent Verlitzvorgang the Verlitzmaschine (21).

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the one or more preferred and annealed wires in the further single or Mehrfachdrahtziehmaschine (28) or pulling device to a final dimension with a degree of deformation of less

96% are pulled hard.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one or more hard-drawn wires without annealing (12) or the one or more drawn to an intermediate diameter and annealed and then hard drawn in one or more drawing steps to a final diameter wires (12) with a or several soft-annealed wires in a Verlitzmaschine (21) are stranded to a strand (11).

A method according to claim 1, wherein the wires (12) are drawn down to a gauge of 0.10 mm to 1 mm by one or more drawing steps.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the wires (12) are provided as individual wires or multiple wires for producing a stranded wire (11).

11. A strand of a plurality of wires (12), which is produced in particular by a method according to claims 1 to 10, with a strand structure comprising a plurality of wires (12) made of electrically conductive material, characterized in that for the strand construction one or more in a final drawing step, before being drawn, hard-drawn wires (12) or a mixture of such hard-drawn wires (12) and soft-annealed wires are provided, and the hard-drawn wire or wires (12) have a tensile strength of at least 300 N / mm ² .

12. Wire according to claim 11, characterized in that the hard-drawn wires (12) with a diameter of 0.10 mm to 0.37 mm have a tensile strength of 300 N / mm ² to 800 N / mm ² , preferably greater than 400 N / mm ² , has.

13. A heald according to claim 11, characterized in that the hard-drawn wires (12) having a diameter of 0.10 mm to 0.37 mm an extensibility of 0.1% to 10%, preferably less than 2%, more preferably of 0.4% to 1%.

14. A heald according to claim 11, characterized in that a strand structure with wires of hard-drawn wires (12) or from an intermediate diameter and pre-drawn and annealed and then hard-drawn to a final diameter wires (12) having a strand cross-section of 0.08 mm ² , 0, 13 mm ² , 0.14 mm ² , 0.17 mm ² , 0.18 mm ² , 0.22 mm ² , 0.35 mm ² , 0.5 mm ² , 0.75 mm ² or 1.0 mm ² in the at least required properties of an identical strand structure with in particular the same number of wires of exclusively annealed wires with a strand cross-section of 0.17 mm ² , 0.18 mm ² , 0.22 mm ² , 0.35 mm ² , 0.5 mm ² , 0.75 mm ² , 1.0 mm ² or 1.5 mm ² .

15. Litz according to claim 11, characterized in that the wires (12) made of a tough-poled copper, in particular Cu-ETP, Cu-ETPl or Cu-FRHC or from an oxygen-free copper, in particular Cu-OFl, Cu-OF or Cu PHCE or a copper-magnesium alloy or a copper and a copper-magnesium alloy are made.