EP2287105A2 - Device for lifting and lowering loads - Google Patents
Device for lifting and lowering loads Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2287105A2 EP2287105A2 EP10007782A EP10007782A EP2287105A2 EP 2287105 A2 EP2287105 A2 EP 2287105A2 EP 10007782 A EP10007782 A EP 10007782A EP 10007782 A EP10007782 A EP 10007782A EP 2287105 A2 EP2287105 A2 EP 2287105A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hydraulic machine
- lifting
- load
- lifting device
- drive
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
- B66C13/22—Control systems or devices for electric drives
- B66C13/23—Circuits for controlling the lowering of the load
- B66C13/26—Circuits for controlling the lowering of the load by ac motors
- B66C13/28—Circuits for controlling the lowering of the load by ac motors utilising regenerative braking for controlling descent of heavy loads and having means for preventing rotation of motor in the hoisting direction when load is released
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for lifting and lowering of loads, with the features defined in more detail in the preamble of claim 1.
- a hybrid drive system for a straddle lift truck is known.
- Such straddle carriers are used worldwide for moving and stacking goods containers.
- the required energy is typically generated via an internal combustion engine, which then provides electrical energy for driving traction and lifting motors via an alternator.
- an internal combustion engine which then provides electrical energy for driving traction and lifting motors via an alternator.
- German application is described that for storing the braking of both the straddle carrier itself and the decelerated when lowering loads energy recovery via the electric motors in generator operation is possible.
- the recovered energy can then be stored in batteries and / or double-layer capacitors.
- the energy storage device is designed as an accumulator device, wherein in addition to the designed as an electric motor or internal combustion engine primary drive unit for at least indirect drive of the lifting device, a hydraulic machine is provided which is at least indirectly in communication with the lifting device.
- the hydraulic machine is then in one direction of movement of the lifting device suitable for pumping a fluid from a low-pressure accumulator in the pressure storage device, so implement the released potential energy in pressure energy in a compressible medium when lowering the load.
- the hydraulic machine is also adapted to be driven by the fluid in the pressure storage device in the other direction of movement of the lifting device and so alone or in particular in addition to the primary drive unit performance for To provide lifting of the load.
- the fluid which is conveyed by the hydraulic machine should in particular be a hydraulic oil.
- other fluids would be conceivable.
- a comparable construction would also be possible pneumatically, ie with air or a gaseous fluid.
- a hydraulic that is operated with an incompressible liquid structure, in any case to be preferred.
- the low-pressure accumulator can be at the pressure level of the environment, that is to say a so-called open system can be used, or the low-pressure accumulator is located on a relation to the environment increased pressure level, which is still significantly lower than the pressure level in the pressure storage device.
- a system is generally referred to as a closed system.
- the low-pressure accumulator is arranged at a higher geodetic height than the hydraulic machine. This structure, which can be easily implemented in the comparatively high construction of a crane or a straddle lift truck, allows very good suction properties of the hydraulic machine due to the given by the height difference form.
- the lifting device is connected to a further braking device.
- the braking device may in particular be a mechanical friction brake and may serve to decelerate the lifting device completely to zero or, if necessary, to be able to brake it in the event of an emergency or system failure even without the use of the hydraulic machine.
- the hydraulic machine is designed as an adjusting motor / - pump.
- This training allows by pivoting the components of the hydraulic machine to each other in a conventional manner to adjust the volume flow generated by the hydraulic machine and thus the torque and power accordingly, so as to controllability of both the braking process as well as by the hydraulic Machine in motorized operation to realize at least supported acceleration process.
- the device is arranged in a structure with atecsungsantrieb.it, which is at least indirectly driven by the primary drive unit, wherein the hydraulic machine is at least indirectly in communication with the movement drive.
- This particularly advantageous construction in which the device is arranged in a unit with a motion drive, makes it possible to use the energy storage device not only for the lifting and lowering of loads, but also for the movement of the structure.
- the movement drive can be for example a traction drive, via which a crane, a straddle carrier or the like can be moved forward and backward.
- the movement drive can alternatively or additionally be a movement device, via which the structure can be pivoted, or via which the lifting device can be moved within the structure, for example in a straddle carrier, from one side to the other side without the It is essential to raise or lower the load. Due to the fact that such a motion drive is now driven at least indirectly via the primary drive unit and is at least indirectly connected to the hydraulic machine, such movements can also be effected by the Energy storage device are supported accordingly. When braking energy is also released here, which can be stored according to the hydraulic machine, while accelerating this stored energy can be used to reduce the power of the primary drive unit again.
- the lifting device is designed as a winch, on which a rope is wound up and unwound.
- This embodiment of the lifting device as a winch makes it possible to raise and lower the load directly by means of a rotating movement, which can be generated by the primary drive unit and / or the hydraulic machine directly or via a gearbox.
- the rope it is possible, according to one of the embodiments, for the rope to be directly connected to the load, or for the rope, according to another embodiment, to be connected to a receiving device for the load.
- This receiving device could for example be a crane boom, a lifting fork or the like.
- the receiving device itself in turn has a lifting device.
- the structure shown here is particularly suitable for storing and recovering high amounts of energy in a very short time. So he has a great power density. It is therefore predestined for devices for lifting and lowering loads, which are operated intensively and thereby lift and lower comparatively large and heavy loads. In this case, the device according to the invention can then also play out their particular ease of maintenance and their long service life.
- the preferred use of the device according to the invention is therefore when used in a crane, in particular a heavy load or port crane.
- These structures are typically relatively large and heavy, so that the comparatively large and heavy structure of a hydrostatic accumulator and thus the realization of a hydrostatic hybrid drive is easily possible here.
- By a suitable arrangement of the pressure storage devices and the elements of the hydrostatic accumulator according to the invention can optionally be dispensed counterweight, which is used very often in such cranes as a counterweight to the loads to be supported.
- FIG. 1 shown construction shows a drive system 1 for raising and lowering a load 2, which is shown here in principle in direct connection to a cable 3.
- the load 2 will typically be connected to the cable 3 via hooks or the like.
- the cable 3 runs in the schematic representation chosen here via two pulleys 4 on a winch 5, which serves as a lifting device in the case of the drive system 1 shown here.
- the winch 5 On the winch 5, the rope 3 is now wound up when lifting the load 2 and the winch 5, it is handled accordingly when lowering the load.
- the winch 5 is connected via an intermediate gear 6 with a primary drive unit 7.
- This primary drive unit 7 for example, as an electric motor or as an internal combustion engine, optionally be formed with an intermediate further transmission.
- the energy can then be provided in the case of the electric motor either via an electrical grid connection, a diesel generator or the like.
- On a closer view of the primary drive unit was omitted in the single attached figure.
- this primary drive unit 7 can now, as usual in the art, the winch 5 are driven, so that the cable 3 is wound up or unwound, whereupon the load 2 raises or lowers.
- a brake 8 can be seen in the area of the winch 5, via which the winch 5 can typically be mechanically braked. This is particularly useful when the end point of the lowering or lifting operation is reached and a precise stopping depending on the primary drive unit used without such a brake 8, which is typically designed as a mechanical friction brake, would not be possible.
- the drive system 1 now also has a hydrostatic storage system 9, which is shown within the dashed 2-dotted line.
- This hydrostatic storage system 9 is connected via a shaft 10 and optionally another transmission component with the intermediate gear 6, so that the shaft 10, as shown by the double arrow, when lifting the load 2 in one and when lowering the load 2 in the other direction rotates.
- a hydraulic machine 11 is connected in the hydrostatic storage system 9.
- This hydraulic machine 11 can be used both as a motor and as a pump.
- the load 2 is correspondingly lowered and via the shaft 10, the hydraulic machine 11 is driven as a pump by the decreasing load. The energy required to drive the pump brakes the load in the desired manner.
- the driven as a pump hydraulic machine 11 sucks from a low pressure accumulator 12 a fluid, in particular a hydraulic oil, and pumps it via a control valve 13 into a high-pressure accumulator 14.
- Das Control valve 13 is in the FIG. 1 shown in a position in which this storage of pressure energy in the high-pressure accumulator 14 is to take place as an accumulator device.
- the medium pumped via the hydraulic machine 11 into the area of the high-pressure accumulator 14 can pass the control valve 13 in the direction of the high-pressure accumulator 14, the return path being shut off by a non-return element.
- the high-pressure accumulator 14 thus accumulates in the high-pressure accumulator 14 an ever higher amount of fluid under a corresponding pressure and is here against a spring mechanism, for example in the form of a gas spring, pressed by a remaining in the high-pressure accumulator 14 with gas-filled space.
- the braking energy occurring during braking of the load 2 is stored in the form of pressure energy into which it converts the machine 11 operated as a hydraulic pump.
- the high-pressure accumulator 14 itself can be embodied in various types known per se, for example with a piston and a multiplicity of storage volumes, a large storage volume or the like. In the high pressure accumulator 14 so now a corresponding amount of energy is stored in the form of pressure.
- the control valve 13 for example magnetically, can be actuated against the restoring spring shown here.
- the control valve 13 thus releases a path from the high-pressure accumulator 14 in the direction of the hydraulic machine 11.
- the hydraulic machine 11 can then be operated as a motor, in which the working medium under high pressure is expanded and drained into the area of the low-pressure accumulator 12.
- the energy accumulating in the area of the hydraulic machine 11 then drives the shaft 10 and, via the intermediate gear 6 alone or in addition to a drive power of the primary drive unit 7, can drive the winch 5 accordingly and thus (help) lift the load 2.
- This construction of the drive system 1 with the hydrostatic storage system 9 thus enables the energy to be converted into pressure energy when the load 2 is lowered, and with the energy generated during operation of the hydraulic machine 11 Pump torque decelerate the load 2, so that it does not hit the ground on which it is to be lowered. Since with decreasing speed of the load 2, the possibility of decelerating the same via the hydraulic machine 11 as a pump decreases accordingly, the brake 8 can be additionally used for final braking to the last centimeters. If the load 2 or another load 2 is then raised again by the drive system 1, the pressure stored in the high-pressure accumulator 14 can be used to drive the hydraulic machine 11 as a motor so as to be used alone or in addition to the primary drive unit 7 for lifting the Last 2 required power to provide.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic section of the drive system 1 of FIG. 1 shown again.
- a coupling element 15 is arranged between the intermediate gear 6 and the winch 5, via which the winch 5 can be uncoupled from the intermediate gear 6 in this special case.
- the intermediate gear 6 has a drive connection via a further coupling element 16 to a movement drive 17.
- This movement drive 17 is shown as a schematic gear unit.
- the movement drive 17 can be used for various movement tasks.
- the movement drive 17 can realize both a traveling movement of the crane, as well as a pivoting of the crane, for example about an axis perpendicular to the earth's surface.
- a movement of the straddle carrier and / or a lateral movement of a receiving device for the load 2 within the portal can likewise be realized via the movement drive.
- These movements can also be found in the FIG. 2 illustrated embodiment on the primary drive unit 7 and the intermediate gear 6 and the further coupling device 16 can be realized.
- energy which occurs when the movement is decelerated can also be decelerated by the hydraulic machine 11 during pumping operation. This can be store energy recovered in such situations in the hydraulic storage system 9. This energy can then be used both for the (supporting) drive of the winch 5 and for the (supporting) drive of the movement drive 17.
- This structure can buffer a large part of the energy accumulating when lowering the load and braking a movement and reusing it at a later time.
- the structure therefore makes it possible to dimension the primary drive unit 7 correspondingly smaller and thus to realize a simple, inexpensive and energy-efficient construction of the drive system 1 for a device for lifting and lowering loads.
- the preferred use can be done when used for example in heavy duty cranes or port cranes, which have a comparatively large volume of construction anyway as a comparatively large and heavy components and can make the space for the hydrostatic storage system 9 generally readily available.
- the hydrostatic storage system 9 can also be used as a counterweight, so that, for example, in a region in which the counterweight is otherwise arranged, the hydrostatic storage system 9 can be installed. Without additional expenditure of space so the described advantages can be used.
- the hydrostatic storage system 9 is able to store even high and highest amounts of energy without significant losses, as they would occur for example when storing electrical energy in a battery. Unlike batteries, the hydrostatic storage system 9 also has a very long life and requires little or no maintenance during operation.
- the structure is to be understood as an example.
- a low pressure accumulator 12 which is open to the environment, it would of course also conceivable to use a low pressure accumulator 12, which is already on a relative to the Environment elevated pressure level is located. Then, if necessary, the suction of the working medium by the hydraulic machine 11 used as a pump easier. This could also be realized by a corresponding admission pressure system, for example with a pre-pressure pump.
- the low-pressure accumulator 12 Since comparatively much space is often available in cranes, in particular in heavy-duty or harbor cranes, it would also be conceivable to arrange the low-pressure accumulator 12 at a geodetically higher level in the crane, regardless of whether it is designed as an accumulator or as an open accumulator As the hydraulic machine 11. By the height difference then a good suction of the working fluid would be ensured by the hydraulic machine 11 in pumping operation. The slightly higher pressure loss during emptying of the high-pressure accumulator via the hydraulic machine 11 during engine operation, during which the working medium then reaches the higher-lying low-pressure accumulator, can be overcome.
- the hydraulic machine 11 should be designed as a variable displacement motor / pump. As such, it has the ability to adjust according to their volume flow or subsidized by her, and with a corresponding setting to "zero" the hydraulic machine 11 along the shaft 10 virtually force-free mitzube admire. This eliminates the need for a coupling in the shaft 10, which would be subject to a correspondingly high wear with frequent engagement and disengagement.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Heben und Senken von Lasten, mit den im Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 näher definierten Merkmalen.The invention relates to a device for lifting and lowering of loads, with the features defined in more detail in the preamble of
Aus der
Dies hat den Nachteil, dass zwei spezielle Speichertechnologien notwendig sind, welche vorgehalten und mitgeführt werden müssen, was den Einsatz entsprechend aufwändig und teuer macht. Darüber hinaus weisen insbesondere Hochleistungsbatterien einen sehr hohen Betriebsaufwand auf, da sie im Allgemeinen ständig gekühlt werden müssen und dennoch eine vergleichsweise kurze Lebensdauer haben. Bei den sehr häufigen Senk- und Hebevorgängen beispielsweise beim Einsatz der Portalhubstapler in Hafenanlagen kann dies die Lebensdauer der Hochleistungsbatterien auf wenige Jahre verkürzen, ihr Austausch ist dann entsprechend aufwändig und teuer und insbesondere auch mit Ausfallzeiten des mit ihnen ausgerüsteten Portalhubstaplers verbunden.This has the disadvantage that two special storage technologies are necessary, which must be held and carried, which makes the use correspondingly complex and expensive. In addition, in particular High-performance batteries on a very high operating costs, since they generally have to be constantly cooled and still have a relatively short life. In the very frequent lowering and lifting operations, for example when using the straddle carriers in port facilities, this can shorten the life of high-performance batteries to a few years, their replacement is then correspondingly complex and expensive and in particular associated with downtime of the equipped with them straddle carrier.
Es ist nun die Aufgabe der hier vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zum Heben und Senken von Lasten zu schaffen, mit einer Energiespeichereinrichtung zur Aufnahme von beim Senken der Last anfallender Energie, welche einen einfachen und robusten Aufbau hat, und welche eine lange Lebensdauer ermöglicht.It is now the object of the present invention to provide a device for lifting and lowering of loads, with an energy storage device for receiving incurred in lowering the load energy, which has a simple and robust construction, and which allows a long life.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale im kennzeichnenden Teil von Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ergeben sich dabei aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.According to the invention, this object is solved by the features in the characterizing part of
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung sieht es nun vor, dass die Energiespeichereinrichtung als Druckspeichereinrichtung ausgebildet ist, wobei neben dem als Elektromotor oder Verbrennungsmotor ausgebildeten primären Antriebsaggregat zum zumindest mittelbaren Antrieb der Hebeeinrichtung eine hydraulische Maschine vorgesehen ist, welche zumindest mittelbar mit der Hebeeinrichtung in Verbindung steht. Die hydraulische Maschine ist dann in der einen Bewegungsrichtung der Hebeeinrichtung dafür geeignet, ein Fluid von einem Niederdruckspeicher in die Druckspeichereinrichtung zu pumpen, beim Absenken der Last also die frei werdende potentielle Energie in Druckenergie in einem kompressiblen Medium umzusetzen. Die hydraulische Maschine ist ferner geeignet, in der anderen Bewegungsrichtung der Hebeeinrichtung von dem Fluid in der Druckspeichereinrichtung motorisch angetrieben zu werden und so alleine oder insbesondere ergänzend zum primären Antriebsaggregat Leistung zum Anheben der Last bereitzustellen. Durch diese Speicherung der beim Absenken der Last anfallenden Energie in einer Druckspeichereinrichtung ist es möglich, durch eine entsprechende Dimensionierung der Druckspeichereinrichtung sehr hohe Volumenströme des Arbeitsfluids und sehr hohe Druckdifferenzen zu realisieren. Damit können auch große, in kürzester Zeit anfallende Mengen an Energie sicher und zuverlässig mit gutem Wirkungsgrad gespeichert werden. In der Gegenrichtung kann über dieselbe Maschine dann die Druckenergie aus der Druckspeichereinrichtung genutzt werden, um beispielsweise ein Anheben der Last hydraulisch durchzuführen oder zumindest das primäre Antriebsaggregat durch die in dem Druckspeicher gespeicherte Energie hydraulisch zu unterstützen. Somit lässt sich eine sehr große Menge an Energie in kürzester Zeit sowohl einspeichern als auch wieder zum Anheben der Last bereitstellen. Der Aufbau mit einem Druckspeichersystem und einer hydraulischen Maschine, welche zumindest mittelbar mit der Hebeeinrichtung verbunden ist, ist dabei vergleichsweise einfach im Aufbau und ist damit entsprechend wartungsfreundlich und weist eine, insbesondere gegenüber elektrochemischen Systemen, deutlich längere Lebensdauer auf.The device according to the invention now provides that the energy storage device is designed as an accumulator device, wherein in addition to the designed as an electric motor or internal combustion engine primary drive unit for at least indirect drive of the lifting device, a hydraulic machine is provided which is at least indirectly in communication with the lifting device. The hydraulic machine is then in one direction of movement of the lifting device suitable for pumping a fluid from a low-pressure accumulator in the pressure storage device, so implement the released potential energy in pressure energy in a compressible medium when lowering the load. The hydraulic machine is also adapted to be driven by the fluid in the pressure storage device in the other direction of movement of the lifting device and so alone or in particular in addition to the primary drive unit performance for To provide lifting of the load. As a result of this storage of the energy occurring when the load is lowered in a pressure storage device, it is possible to realize very high volume flows of the working fluid and very high pressure differences by means of a corresponding dimensioning of the pressure storage device. This means that even large quantities of energy generated in the shortest possible time can be safely and reliably stored with good efficiency. In the opposite direction can then be used via the same machine, the pressure energy from the pressure storage device, for example, to perform a lifting of the load hydraulically or at least to support the primary drive unit hydraulically by the energy stored in the pressure accumulator. This means that a very large amount of energy can be stored in the shortest possible time and made available again for lifting the load. The structure with a pressure accumulator system and a hydraulic machine, which is at least indirectly connected to the lifting device, is comparatively simple in construction and is therefore correspondingly easy to maintain and has a, especially compared to electrochemical systems, significantly longer life.
Damit lässt sich ein einfaches und kostengünstiges System realisieren, welches eine sehr hohe Effizienz bei der Speicherung und Nutzung der rekuperierten Energie aufweist, und welches im Betrieb einfach, wartungsfreundlich und kostengünstig mit langer Lebensdauer betrieben werden kann. Das Fluid, welches von der hydraulischen Maschine gefördert wird, soll dabei insbesondere ein Hydrauliköl sein. Prinzipiell wären auch andere Fluide denkbar. Grundsätzlich wäre ein vergleichbarer Aufbau auch pneumatisch, also mit Luft oder einem gasförmigen Fluid möglich. Bei entsprechend großen Lasten, wie sie beispielsweise beim Portalhubstapler, Hafenkränen oder dergleichen auftreten, ist ein hydraulischer, also mit einer inkompressiblen Flüssigkeit betriebener Aufbau, in jedem Fall zu bevorzugen.This can be a simple and inexpensive system to realize, which has a very high efficiency in the storage and use of recuperated energy, and which can be operated easily, easy to maintain and cost with long life. The fluid which is conveyed by the hydraulic machine should in particular be a hydraulic oil. In principle, other fluids would be conceivable. In principle, a comparable construction would also be possible pneumatically, ie with air or a gaseous fluid. With correspondingly large loads, as occur, for example, in the portal lift truck, harbor cranes or the like, a hydraulic, that is operated with an incompressible liquid structure, in any case to be preferred.
Grundsätzlich kann bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung der Niederdruckspeicher dabei auf dem Druckniveau der Umgebung liegen, also ein sogenanntes offenes System eingesetzt werden, oder der Niederdruckspeicher liegt auf einem gegenüber der Umgebung erhöhten Druckniveau, welches aber immer noch deutlich niedriger als das Druckniveau in der Druckspeichereinrichtung ist. Ein solches System wird im Allgemeinen als geschlossenes System bezeichnet. Unabhängig davon, welche Art des Systems gewählt wird, kann es gemäß einer günstigen Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung vorgesehen sein, dass der Niederdruckspeicher auf einer höheren geodätischen Höhe als die hydraulische Maschine angeordnet ist. Dieser Aufbau, welcher beim vergleichsweise hohen Aufbau eines Krans oder eines Portalhubstaplers problemlos zu realisieren ist, ermöglicht sehr gute Ansaugeigenschaften der hydraulischen Maschine aufgrund des durch den Höhenunterschied gegebenen Vordrucks.In principle, in the device according to the invention, the low-pressure accumulator can be at the pressure level of the environment, that is to say a so-called open system can be used, or the low-pressure accumulator is located on a relation to the environment increased pressure level, which is still significantly lower than the pressure level in the pressure storage device. Such a system is generally referred to as a closed system. Regardless of which type of system is selected, it may be provided according to a favorable development of the device according to the invention that the low-pressure accumulator is arranged at a higher geodetic height than the hydraulic machine. This structure, which can be easily implemented in the comparatively high construction of a crane or a straddle lift truck, allows very good suction properties of the hydraulic machine due to the given by the height difference form.
Alternativ oder ergänzend könnte dies selbstverständlich auch über Vordrucksysteme mit entsprechenden Pumpen realisiert werden, diese hätten aber den Nachteil eines zusätzlichen Energiebedarfs.As an alternative or in addition, this could of course also be realized via pre-pressure systems with corresponding pumps, but these would have the disadvantage of an additional energy requirement.
Gemäß einer sehr vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist es außerdem vorgesehen, dass die Hebeeinrichtung mit einer weiteren Bremsvorrichtung verbunden ist. Die Bremsvorrichtung kann insbesondere eine mechanische Reibbremse sein und kann dazu dienen, die Hebeeinrichtung vollends auf Null abzubremsen oder diese bei Notfällen oder Systemausfällen auch ohne Einsatz der hydraulischen Maschine notfalls bremsen zu können.According to a very advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is also provided that the lifting device is connected to a further braking device. The braking device may in particular be a mechanical friction brake and may serve to decelerate the lifting device completely to zero or, if necessary, to be able to brake it in the event of an emergency or system failure even without the use of the hydraulic machine.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Aufbaus ist es außerdem vorgesehen, dass die hydraulische Maschine als Verstellmotor/- pumpe ausgebildet ist. Diese Ausbildung erlaubt es durch ein Verschwenken der Bauteile der hydraulischen Maschine zueinander in an sich bekannter Art und Weise den von der hydraulischen Maschine erzeugten Volumenstrom und damit das Drehmoment und die Leistung entsprechend einzustellen, um so eine Regelbarkeit sowohl des Bremsvorganges als auch des durch die hydraulische Maschine im motorischen Betrieb zumindest unterstützten Beschleunigungsvorgangs zu realisieren.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the construction according to the invention, it is also provided that the hydraulic machine is designed as an adjusting motor / - pump. This training allows by pivoting the components of the hydraulic machine to each other in a conventional manner to adjust the volume flow generated by the hydraulic machine and thus the torque and power accordingly, so as to controllability of both the braking process as well as by the hydraulic Machine in motorized operation to realize at least supported acceleration process.
In einer sehr günstigen Ausgestaltung dieser Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung kann es dann vorgesehen sein, dass die hydraulische Maschine ohne Kupplungseinrichtung direkt auf die Hebeeinrichtung oder ein mit der Hebeeinrichtung direkt gekoppeltes Getriebe wirkt. Der Aufwand hinsichtlich einer zusätzlichen Kupplung, welche im Betrieb aktiv betätigt, also ein- und ausgekuppelt wird, lässt sich somit vermeiden. Dies ist insbesondere bei großen Lasten und damit hohen anfallenden Leistungen beim Abbremsen und Beschleunigen von besonderem Vorteil, da eine solche Kupplung ansonsten starkem Verschleiß unterliegt.In a very favorable embodiment of this variant of the device according to the invention, it can then be provided that the hydraulic machine without coupling device acts directly on the lifting device or a transmission directly coupled to the lifting device. The effort in terms of an additional clutch, which is actively actuated during operation, that is engaged and disengaged, can thus be avoided. This is particularly at high loads and thus high benefits during braking and acceleration of particular advantage, since such a coupling is otherwise subject to heavy wear.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist es ferner vorgesehen, dass diese in einem Aufbau mit einem Bewegungsantrieb.angeordnet ist, welcher zumindest mittelbar von dem primären Antriebsaggregat angetrieben ist, wobei die hydraulische Maschine zumindest mittelbar mit dem Bewegungsantrieb in Verbindung steht. Dieser besonders vorteilhafte Aufbau, bei dem die Vorrichtung in einer Einheit mit einem Bewegungsantrieb angeordnet ist, ermöglicht es, die Energiespeichereinrichtung nicht nur für das Heben und Senken von Lasten, sondern auch für die Bewegung des Aufbaus einzusetzen. Der Bewegungsantrieb kann dabei beispielsweise ein Fahrantrieb sein, über welchen ein Kran, ein Portalhubstapler oder Ähnliches vorwärts und rückwärts bewegt werden kann. Der Bewegungsantrieb kann jedoch auch alternativ oder ergänzend hierzu eine Bewegungseinrichtung sein, über welche der Aufbau verschwenkt werden kann, oder über welchen die Hebeeinrichtung innerhalb des Aufbaus, beispielsweise bei einem Portalhubstapler, von der einen Seite auf die andere Seite bewegt werden kann, ohne dabei die Last unbedingt heben oder senken zu müssen. Dadurch, dass ein solcher Bewegungsantrieb nun zumindest mittelbar über das primäre Antriebsaggregat angetrieben wird, und zumindest mittelbar mit der hydraulischen Maschine in Verbindung steht, können auch derartige Bewegungen durch die Energiespeichereinrichtung entsprechend unterstützt werden. Beim Abbremsen wird auch hier Energie frei, welche über die hydraulische Maschine entsprechend gespeichert werden kann, während beim Beschleunigen dann diese gespeicherte Energie zur Verringerung der Leistung des primären Antriebsaggregates wieder eingesetzt werden kann.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is further provided that it is arranged in a structure with a Bewegungsungsantrieb.it, which is at least indirectly driven by the primary drive unit, wherein the hydraulic machine is at least indirectly in communication with the movement drive. This particularly advantageous construction, in which the device is arranged in a unit with a motion drive, makes it possible to use the energy storage device not only for the lifting and lowering of loads, but also for the movement of the structure. The movement drive can be for example a traction drive, via which a crane, a straddle carrier or the like can be moved forward and backward. However, the movement drive can alternatively or additionally be a movement device, via which the structure can be pivoted, or via which the lifting device can be moved within the structure, for example in a straddle carrier, from one side to the other side without the It is essential to raise or lower the load. Due to the fact that such a motion drive is now driven at least indirectly via the primary drive unit and is at least indirectly connected to the hydraulic machine, such movements can also be effected by the Energy storage device are supported accordingly. When braking energy is also released here, which can be stored according to the hydraulic machine, while accelerating this stored energy can be used to reduce the power of the primary drive unit again.
In einer besonders günstigen und vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Aufbaus ist es dabei vorgesehen, dass die Hebeeinrichtung als Winde ausgebildet ist, auf welche ein Seil auf- und abwickelbar ist. Diese Ausgestaltung der Hebevorrichtung als Winde ermöglicht es direkt durch eine drehende Bewegung, welche von dem primären Antriebsaggregat und/oder der hydraulischen Maschine direkt oder über ein Getriebe erzeugt werden kann, die Last entsprechend zu heben und zu senken. Dafür ist es einerseits möglich, dass gemäß einer der Ausgestaltungen das Seil direkt mit der Last in Verbindung steht, oder dass das Seil gemäß einer anderen Ausgestaltung mit einer Aufnahmevorrichtung für die Last in Verbindung steht. Diese Aufnahmevorrichtung könnte beispielsweise ein Kranausleger, eine Hubgabel oder Ähnliches sein.In a particularly favorable and advantageous development of the structure according to the invention, it is provided that the lifting device is designed as a winch, on which a rope is wound up and unwound. This embodiment of the lifting device as a winch makes it possible to raise and lower the load directly by means of a rotating movement, which can be generated by the primary drive unit and / or the hydraulic machine directly or via a gearbox. On the one hand, it is possible, according to one of the embodiments, for the rope to be directly connected to the load, or for the rope, according to another embodiment, to be connected to a receiving device for the load. This receiving device could for example be a crane boom, a lifting fork or the like.
Gemäß einer entsprechenden Weiterbildung hiervon kann es außerdem vorgesehen sein, dass die Aufnahmeeinrichtung selbst wiederum über eine Hebeeinrichtung verfügt.According to a corresponding development thereof, it can also be provided that the receiving device itself in turn has a lifting device.
Der hier dargestellte Aufbau eignet sich insbesondere für das Speichern und Zurückgewinnen hoher Energiemengen in sehr kurzer Zeit. Er hat also eine große Leistungsdichte. Er ist daher prädestiniert für Vorrichtungen zum Heben und Senken von Lasten, welche intensiv betrieben werden und dabei vergleichsweise große und schwere Lasten heben und senken. Hierbei kann die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung dann auch ihre besondere Wartungsfreundlichkeit und ihre lange Lebensdauer ausspielen. Die bevorzugte Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung liegt daher beim Einsatz in einem Kran, insbesondere einem Schwerlast- oder Hafenkran. Diese Aufbauten sind typischerweise relativ groß und schwer, sodass der vergleichsweise große und schwere Aufbau eines hydrostatischen Speichers und damit die Realisierung eines hydrostatischen Hybridantriebs hier problemlos möglich ist. Durch eine geeignete Anordnung der Druckspeichereinrichtungen und der Elemente des erfindungsgemäßen hydrostatischen Speichers kann hier gegebenenfalls auf Gegengewicht verzichtet werden, welches bei derartigen Kranen als Gegengewicht zu den zu tragenden Lasten sehr häufig eingesetzt wird.The structure shown here is particularly suitable for storing and recovering high amounts of energy in a very short time. So he has a great power density. It is therefore predestined for devices for lifting and lowering loads, which are operated intensively and thereby lift and lower comparatively large and heavy loads. In this case, the device according to the invention can then also play out their particular ease of maintenance and their long service life. The preferred use of the device according to the invention is therefore when used in a crane, in particular a heavy load or port crane. These structures are typically relatively large and heavy, so that the comparatively large and heavy structure of a hydrostatic accumulator and thus the realization of a hydrostatic hybrid drive is easily possible here. By a suitable arrangement of the pressure storage devices and the elements of the hydrostatic accumulator according to the invention can optionally be dispensed counterweight, which is used very often in such cranes as a counterweight to the loads to be supported.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Aufbaus ergeben sich außerdem aus den restlichen abhängigen Unteransprüchen und werden anhand des Ausführungsbeispiels deutlich, welches nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Figur näher erläutert wird.Further advantageous embodiments of the construction according to the invention also emerge from the remaining dependent subclaims and will become apparent from the embodiment, which will be explained in more detail below with reference to the figure.
Dabei zeigen:
Figur 1- eine mögliche Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in einer Prinzipskizze; und
Figur 2- eine mögliche Einbindung der Vorrichtung gemäß
Fig. 1 in einen Aufbau mit Bewegungsantrieb.
- FIG. 1
- a possible embodiment of the device according to the invention in a schematic diagram; and
- FIG. 2
- a possible involvement of the device according to
Fig. 1 in a structure with motion drive.
Der in
Über dieses primäre Antriebsaggregat 7 kann nun, wie auch im Stand der Technik üblich, die Winde 5 angetrieben werden, sodass das Seil 3 auf- oder abgewickelt wird, worauf die Last 2 sich hebt oder senkt. Außerdem ist im Bereich der Winde 5 eine Bremse 8 zu erkennen, über welche die Winde 5 typischerweise mechanisch abgebremst werden kann. Dies kommt insbesondere dann zum Tragen, wenn der Endpunkt des Senk- oder Hebevorgangs erreicht ist und ein präzises Anhalten je nach eingesetztem primärem Antriebsaggregat ohne eine derartige Bremse 8, welche typischerweise als mechanische Reibbremse ausgebildet ist, so nicht möglich wäre.About this
Erfindungsgemäß weist das Antriebssystem 1 nun außerdem ein hydrostatisches Speichersystem 9 auf, welches innerhalb der Strich-2-punktierten Linie dargestellt ist. Dieses hydrostatische Speichersystem 9 ist über eine Welle 10 und gegebenenfalls ein weiteres Getriebebauteil mit dem Zwischengetriebe 6 verbunden, sodass die Welle 10 sich, wie durch den Doppelpfeil dargestellt, beim Heben der Last 2 in die eine und beim Senken der Last 2 in die andere Richtung dreht. Mit der Welle 10 ist in dem hydrostatischen Speichersystem 9 eine hydraulische Maschine 11 verbunden. Diese hydraulische Maschine 11 kann dabei sowohl als Motor als auch als Pumpe eingesetzt werden. Im ersten Betriebsfall, nämlich dem Einsatz der hydrostatischen Speichereinrichtung 9 zum Speichern von Energie, wird die Last 2 entsprechend abgesenkt und über die Welle 10 wird die hydraulische Maschine 11 als Pumpe von der sich senkenden Last angetrieben. Die zum Antrieb der Pumpe benötigte Energie bremst die Last in der gewünschten Art ab. Die als Pumpe angetriebene hydraulische Maschine 11 saugt aus einem Niederdruckspeicher 12 ein Fluid, insbesondere ein Hydrauliköl, an und pumpt dieses über ein Steuerventil 13 in einen Hochdruckspeicher 14. Das Steuerventil 13 ist in der
Dieser Aufbau des Antriebssystems 1 mit dem hydrostatischen Speichersystem 9 ermöglicht es so beim Absenken der Last 2, anfallende Energie in Druckenergie umzuwandeln und mit dem beim Betrieb der hydraulischen Maschine 11 als Pumpe anfallenden Drehmoment die Last 2 abzubremsen, sodass diese nicht auf dem Untergrund, auf welchem sie abgesenkt werden soll, aufschlägt. Da mit abnehmender Geschwindigkeit der Last 2 die Möglichkeit zum Abbremsen derselben über die hydraulische Maschine 11 als Pumpe entsprechend abnimmt, kann zum endgültigen Abbremsen auf den letzten Zentimetern die Bremse 8 zusätzlich eingesetzt werden. Wird die Last 2 oder eine andere Last 2 dann durch das Antriebssystem 1 wieder angehoben, kann der in dem Hochdruckspeicher 14 gespeicherte Druck zum Antrieb der hydraulischen Maschine 11 als Motor genutzt werden, um so alleine oder ergänzend zu dem primären Antriebsaggregat 7 die zum Anheben der Last 2 erforderliche Leistung bereitzustellen.This construction of the
In der Darstellung der
Dieser Aufbau gemäß den
Wie bereits eingangs erwähnt, ist der Aufbau dabei beispielhaft zu verstehen. Anstelle des hier dargestellten Niederdruckspeichers, welcher gegenüber der Umgebung offen ist, wäre es selbstverständlich auch denkbar, einen Niederdruckspeicher 12 zu verwenden, welcher bereits auf einem gegenüber der Umgebung erhöhten Druckniveau angesiedelt ist. Dann wird gegebenenfalls das Ansaugen des Arbeitsmediums durch die als Pumpe genutzte hydraulische Maschine 11 einfacher. Dies könnte auch durch ein entsprechendes Vordrucksystem, beispielsweise mit einer Vordruckpumpe, realisiert werden.As already mentioned, the structure is to be understood as an example. Instead of the low-pressure accumulator shown here, which is open to the environment, it would of course also conceivable to use a
Da in Kranen, insbesondere in Schwerlast- oder Hafenkranen, häufig vergleichsweise viel Bauraum zur Verfügung steht, wäre es auch denkbar, den Niederdruckspeicher 12 unabhängig davon, ob er als Druckspeicher oder als offener Speicher ausgebildet ist, auf einer geodätisch höheren Höhe in dem Kran anzuordnen, als die hydraulische Maschine 11. Durch den Höhenunterschied wäre dann eine gute Ansaugung des Arbeitsmediums durch die hydraulische Maschine 11 im Pumpbetrieb gewährleistet. Der geringfügig höhere Druckverlust beim Entleeren des Hochdruckspeichers über die hydraulische Maschine 11 im motorischen Betrieb, bei dem dann das Arbeitsmedium in den höher liegenden Niederdruckspeicher gelangt, lässt sich verschmerzen.Since comparatively much space is often available in cranes, in particular in heavy-duty or harbor cranes, it would also be conceivable to arrange the low-
In der Darstellung der
Claims (14)
1.1 einem als Elektromotor oder Verbrennungsmotor ausgebildeten primären Antriebsaggregat (7), welches
1.2 zumindest mittelbar eine Hebeeinrichtung (5) antreibt, welche zumindest mittelbar mit einer Last in Verbindung steht, und mit
1.3 einer Energiespeichereinrichtung zur Aufnahme von beim Senken der Last anfallender Energie,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
1.4 die Energiespeichereinrichtung als Druckspeichereinrichtung (14) ausgebildet ist, wobei
1.5 neben dem primären Antrieb durch das Antriebsaggregat (7) eine hydraulische Maschine (11) vorgesehen ist, welche zumindest mittelbar mit der Hebeeinrichtung (5) in Antriebs-/Abtriebsverbindung steht, wobei
1.6 die hydraulische Maschine (11) in der einen Bewegungsrichtung der Hebeeinrichtung (5) ein Fluid von einem Niederdruckspeicher (12) in die Druckspeichereinrichtung (14) pumpt, und wobei
1.7 die hydraulische Maschine (11) in der anderen Bewegungsrichtung der - Hebeeinrichtung (5) von dem Fluid in der Druckspeichereinrichtung (14) motorisch angetrieben ist.Device for lifting and lowering loads with
1.1 designed as an electric motor or internal combustion engine primary drive unit (7), which
1.2 at least indirectly a lifting device (5) drives, which is at least indirectly connected to a load, and with
1.3 an energy storage device for receiving energy arising when lowering the load,
characterized in that
1.4, the energy storage device is designed as an accumulator device (14), wherein
1.5 in addition to the primary drive by the drive unit (7), a hydraulic machine (11) is provided, which is at least indirectly with the lifting device (5) in drive / driven connection, wherein
1.6, the hydraulic machine (11) in one direction of movement of the lifting device (5) pumps a fluid from a low pressure accumulator (12) in the pressure storage device (14), and wherein
1.7, the hydraulic machine (11) is driven by the fluid in the pressure storage device (14) in the other direction of movement of the lifting device (5).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE200910037807 DE102009037807A1 (en) | 2009-08-18 | 2009-08-18 | Device for lifting and lowering loads |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2287105A2 true EP2287105A2 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
EP2287105A3 EP2287105A3 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
EP2287105B1 EP2287105B1 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
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ID=43127243
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20100007782 Revoked EP2287105B1 (en) | 2009-08-18 | 2010-07-27 | Device for lifting and lowering loads |
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EP (1) | EP2287105B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102009037807A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012126266A1 (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2012-09-27 | Yang Shuanglai | Lifting system and lifting method for jib of project machine and project machine thereof |
EP2594522A2 (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-05-22 | Konecranes Plc | An apparatus, method and computer program product for moving cargo, and a kit and method for upgrading an apparatus for moving cargo |
NO20150919A1 (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2017-01-16 | Mhwirth As | A winch system |
CN107285219A (en) * | 2017-07-16 | 2017-10-24 | 张俊强 | A kind of machine liquid dual drive hoisting system and dynamic compaction machinery |
CN114750143A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-07-15 | 华侨大学 | Energy recovery rope robot, control method and device thereof, and storage medium |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102014117981B4 (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2020-12-03 | Zollern Gmbh & Co. Kg | Winch with an emergency lowering device |
CN105347213A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-02-24 | 吴超然 | Reel |
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DE102004010988A1 (en) | 2004-03-03 | 2005-09-29 | Noell Mobile Systems & Cranes Gmbh | Hybrid drive system e.g. for straddle carrier in seaport or container terminal, uses electronic control device for controlling individual components and units |
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DD267293A1 (en) * | 1987-12-24 | 1989-04-26 | Warnke Umformtech Veb K | CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR CONTROLLING A HYDRAULIC DRIVE ENGINE WITH ENERGY RECOVERY DURING THE BRAKING PROCESS |
JPH08500569A (en) * | 1992-08-31 | 1996-01-23 | キャプティーン プロプライエタリー リミテッド | Multi-ram assembly for hydraulic lift and regenerative drive |
DE102007046696A1 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-09 | Liebherr-Werk Nenzing Gmbh | Hydraulic drive system |
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- 2009-08-18 DE DE200910037807 patent/DE102009037807A1/en not_active Ceased
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2010
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Patent Citations (1)
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DE102004010988A1 (en) | 2004-03-03 | 2005-09-29 | Noell Mobile Systems & Cranes Gmbh | Hybrid drive system e.g. for straddle carrier in seaport or container terminal, uses electronic control device for controlling individual components and units |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012126266A1 (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2012-09-27 | Yang Shuanglai | Lifting system and lifting method for jib of project machine and project machine thereof |
US9638217B2 (en) | 2011-03-21 | 2017-05-02 | Shuanglai Yang | Lifting system and lifting method for jib of an operating machine, and an operating machine thereof |
EP2594522A2 (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-05-22 | Konecranes Plc | An apparatus, method and computer program product for moving cargo, and a kit and method for upgrading an apparatus for moving cargo |
EP2594522A3 (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-05-29 | Konecranes Plc | An apparatus, method and computer program product for moving cargo, and a kit and method for upgrading an apparatus for moving cargo |
US9316238B2 (en) | 2011-11-21 | 2016-04-19 | Konecranes Global Corporation | Apparatus, method and computer program product for moving cargo, and a kit and method for upgrading an apparatus for moving cargo |
NO20150919A1 (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2017-01-16 | Mhwirth As | A winch system |
NO343495B1 (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2019-03-25 | Mhwirth As | A hybrid winch system |
US11247879B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2022-02-15 | Mhwirth As | Winch system |
CN107285219A (en) * | 2017-07-16 | 2017-10-24 | 张俊强 | A kind of machine liquid dual drive hoisting system and dynamic compaction machinery |
CN114750143A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-07-15 | 华侨大学 | Energy recovery rope robot, control method and device thereof, and storage medium |
CN114750143B (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-09-26 | 华侨大学 | Rope robot for energy recovery, control method and device thereof, and storage medium |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2287105B1 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
DE102009037807A1 (en) | 2011-02-24 |
EP2287105A3 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
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