EP2285507B1 - Method for producing a large steel tube - Google Patents
Method for producing a large steel tube Download PDFInfo
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- EP2285507B1 EP2285507B1 EP09757221A EP09757221A EP2285507B1 EP 2285507 B1 EP2285507 B1 EP 2285507B1 EP 09757221 A EP09757221 A EP 09757221A EP 09757221 A EP09757221 A EP 09757221A EP 2285507 B1 EP2285507 B1 EP 2285507B1
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- Prior art keywords
- straightening
- tube
- producing
- tubular body
- stress
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000089486 Phragmites australis subsp australis Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
- B21D3/10—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts between rams and anvils or abutments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
- B21C37/0807—Tube treating or manipulating combined with, or specially adapted for use in connection with tube making machines, e.g. drawing-off devices, cutting-off
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/30—Finishing tubes, e.g. sizing, burnishing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
- B21D5/06—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles
- B21D5/10—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles for making tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
- B21D5/14—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by passing between rollers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing steel pipes, in which a sheet metal or coil formed in a bending process to a round tube in cross-section, welded in a subsequent welding along the longitudinal edges facing each other for producing a longitudinal seam and then subjected to a relaxation treatment.
- a method of this kind is in the DE 10 2006 010 040 B3 specified.
- the tube is compressed by means of a straightening machine from the outer circumference by means of a plurality of circumferentially offset, axially arranged rectilinear straightening for straightening, the straightening wear the straightening tube adapted to the shape of the tube outer cross section.
- the straightening can be individually or in dependence on each other z. B. are moved hydraulically, the operation can be controlled or regulated can.
- the straightening cylinders with the straightening shells can direct the tube up to its circular contour, the calibration taking place with respect to the diameter and / or the ovality. An upsetting of the material beyond the yield point is also possible by means of this so-called impanding there for the first time.
- the EP 0 438 205 A2 shows a method and apparatus for straightening the ends of elongated workpieces.
- the workpiece is stationary, at least one selected in the end region cross-section of a rising and falling bending bending stress is subjected, with a predetermined maximum deflection one or more times revolves around the workpiece axis.
- a rising or falling bending stress is chosen so that the selected cross section is deformed into the plastic region.
- the means for generating a deflection of the workpiece axis in an orbit beyond the elastic limit of the workpiece also have at least three symmetrically arranged about a common axis, movable in the radial direction plunger, which are each connected to a path and time-dependent controllable piston-cylinder unit and the rams out of phase with each other during the straightening process by means of a control connection of the piston-cylinder units to perform a sinusoidal lifting movement. This is done no judging roundness or ovality, but a correction of deviations in the straightness of the bent ends, ie it is about a longitudinal straightening.
- FR 737 123 A shown straightening machine for pipes they are directed in their longitudinal direction, in a warm state.
- the straightening elements are z. B. rounded according to the diameter of the tube, wherein the inner part of the straightening elements can be interchangeable.
- the tubes are heated red and evacuated. After the longitudinal straightening thus carried out, the tubes are fed by means of an ejector to a cooling device.
- the straightening of large steel pipes is complicated with such measures, and problems and solutions to Rundricht do not go out of this document.
- DE 196 02 920 A1 is a method for producing pipes, in particular large pipes, specified, in which the tubes are calibrated and straightened after the internal and external welding by cold expansion (expanding).
- the DE 41 24 689 A1 shows a method and apparatus for eliminating molding defects and eliminating noxious residual stresses in longitudinally welded tubing also by expanding the tube using an internal mandrel. The expansion of the tubing takes place in such a measure that existing in the circumferential direction residual stresses should be largely eliminated.
- the tools During expansion, the tools generate a uniform force on the inner side of the tube, which, when straightening, evenly guides the material into a circular shape. In this process, however, unfavorable stress conditions can be generated in the tubular body, whereby the compression strength and thus collapse resistance of the pipe can decrease.
- coated pipes eg CLAD pipes
- the material may also be damaged so that such pipes often can not be calibrated using this process. Such adverse effects can be further increased with increasing degree of expansion.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method for producing large steel tubes, with which the production of high-quality pipes is achieved with the most accurate rounding and with the shortest possible production time, as well as appropriately trained pipes to provide, including the mechanical technological properties of the material to be improved.
- the relaxation treatment is performed in a step to Rundricht along the circumference at least partially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tube under cold deformation by upsetting.
- the target diameter can be set well, but in the process of Rundhouses is also a Relaxation treatment performed.
- the pipe tolerance in particular the ovality, improved by uniform plastic deformation of the material in a short time, but also the residual stress behavior of the tubular body.
- the stresses generated mechanically by the shaping of the sheet metal material in the base material are reduced, but also the thermally generated stresses caused by the longitudinal seam welding of the sheet material formed to the tube are reduced.
- the mechanical properties of the pipe are improved by the method, namely z. B. the compression strength and the collapse resistance.
- the residual stress behavior after impanding is reduced to a minimum, whereby a virtually complete reduction in stress is made possible without a complex heat treatment (low-stress annealing at, for example, approx 600 ° C) is required, and disadvantages caused by the heat treatment can be avoided.
- Due to the uniform upsetting over the outer surface of the tube the residual stresses generated by the manufacturing process in the longitudinal and circumferential direction in the base material and in the weld build off.
- a reason for the improvements obviously lies in the fact that the residual stress state is reversed, ie after the impanding there is tension on the inside of the tube and compressive stress on the outside of the tube.
- a measure which is advantageous for the straightening and the relaxation is that during straightening a plastic deformation of the tubular body is made over its entire circumference.
- Vorteihafte embodiments for an exact Rundbox consist in the fact that the circular alignment is done on predetermined pipe outside diameter or predetermined pipe inside diameter.
- the measures further contribute to the fact that circumferential straightening and hydraulic expansion (for example with hydrotester) are combined with each other during straightening for relaxation.
- the impanding and hydraulic relaxation can also be carried out alternately and repeatedly.
- the straightening and the relaxation processes are facilitated by the fact that the straightening and relaxing is carried out by means of at least two straightening dies, which are pressed from outside in the radial direction to the tube axis and offset in the circumferential direction, with straightening cups which are adapted in sections to the peripheral contour of the tube.
- a tube having advantageous properties is obtained by being produced by one of the above-mentioned methods.
- Fig. 1 shows an axial plan view of a tube 1 of a round cross-section with an inner radius r i and an outer radius r a , through whose difference a wall thickness t is fixed.
- the tube 1 has a longitudinally extending weld seam 2.
- Mechanical or thermal stress regions 3, 3 ' are present in the tube wall on the one hand as a result of the mechanical molding process and on the other as a result of the heat influences during welding.
- the straightening machine or straightening device 10 has a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed and arranged in the same direction in the axial direction of the directional stamp with respective straightening shells 11, 12, 13, 14, which are interchangeably mounted on a respective holder 15 and on its side facing the tube 1 with a are provided on the surface contour of the tube 1 adapted surface shape, which extends in the circumferential direction along the pipe surface, so that when concerns all straightening the tube surface is largely encompassed in the circumferential direction.
- the straightening cups 11, 12, 13, 14 only over a short section of the tube 1, wherein a plurality of such units of straightening cups 11, 12, 13, 14 can be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the tube 1 on the outer surface.
- the holder 15 of the straightening shells 11, 12, 13, 14 are along a Guide axis 17 hydraulically adjusted in radial, oriented to the center of the tube 1 direction in the carrier 16 to cause a compression of the tubular body and a hydraulic expansion in the opposite direction under control or regulation by means of a control device 20.
- a directing to predetermined inner or outer diameter can take place, wherein an absolute position can be specified via the control device.
- Fig. 2 shows essential steps in the manufacture of the tube 1, namely a molding process a, in which a metal plate 4 is formed by means of a molding device 30 by means of dies under advancement of the metal plate 4 gradually to a bent part 1.1 and finally the circumferentially bent tubular body 1.2. Subsequently, the tubular body 1.2 is closed in a welding process b at its mutually facing edges, which were previously prepared for welding, by means of a longitudinal weld in a welding device 40.
- Einformvortician and welding results in mechanical and thermal stress areas 3, 3 ', as mentioned above.
- a straightening process c under Rundbox of the tube 1 in which at the same time also takes place a relaxation treatment.
- the relaxation treatment can additionally be combined in a subsequent step d with a hydrostatic relaxation, for example by means of hydrotester, wherein by means of a pressure medium in the pipe interior an outwardly directed pressure p is generated on the inner tube surface.
- the residual stress behavior of the tubular body is significantly improved without additional heat treatment, at the same time negative influences, such as can occur through a heat treatment, for. B. in low-voltage annealing, be avoided.
- a heat treatment for. B. in low-voltage annealing
- the relaxation process can be specifically influenced.
- pipe outside or inside pipe diameters can be set to specific values.
- the mechanical technological properties such as strength and thermal expansion coefficient of the pipe material can be positively influenced.
- the collapse behavior of the tube and the properties under fatigue stresses are improved. Overall, this makes it possible to produce high quality, virtually stress-free tubes with high tube tolerances in a much shorter time compared to conventional manufacturing processes.
- the residual stress behavior can be minimized after impanding, depending on the degree of impact, and also a complete reduction of stress is possible.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Stahlrohren, bei dem ein Blech oder Coil in einem Biegevorgang zu einem im Querschnitt runden Rohrkörper eingeformt, in einem nachfolgenden Schweißvorgang entlang den einander zugewandten Längskanten zum Herstellen einer Längsnaht geschweißt und anschließend einer Entspannungsbehandlung unterzogen wird.The invention relates to a method for producing steel pipes, in which a sheet metal or coil formed in a bending process to a round tube in cross-section, welded in a subsequent welding along the longitudinal edges facing each other for producing a longitudinal seam and then subjected to a relaxation treatment.
Ein Verfahren dieser Art ist in der
Die
Auch mit einer in der
In der
Die
Beim Richten von Rohren werden Ungleichmäßigkeiten der Rohrform, wie z. B. lokale Ovalitäten am Rohrkörper, durch örtliche Materialumformungen beseitigt. Dabei wird kein einheitlicher Spannungsabbau über den Rohrmantel, insbesondere Rohrumfang, vorgenommen. Vielmehr werden durch die bekannten örtlichen Ovalitätsbeseitigungen weitere, undefinierte Spannungen im Material erzeugt. Ein Zieldurchmesser lässt sich auf diese Weise mit dem Richten zwar mit relativ hohem Aufwand einstellen, jedoch wird insbesondere über den Rohrumfang dabei keine gleichmäßige Stauchfestigkeit des Materials erreicht.When straightening pipes unevenness of the tube shape, such. B. local ovalities on the tubular body, eliminated by local material transformations. In this case, no uniform stress reduction over the pipe jacket, in particular pipe circumference made. Rather, the known local ovality eliminations produce further, undefined stresses in the material. A target diameter can be in this way with the straightening, although with a relatively high Set effort, but in particular over the pipe circumference thereby no compression strength of the material is achieved.
Beim Expandieren erzeugen die Werkzeuge eine gleichmäßige Kraft auf die Rohrinnenseite, die beim Rundrichten das Material gleichmäßig in eine Kreisform führt. Bei diesem Vorgang können allerdings ungünstige Spannungszustände im Rohrkörper erzeugt werden, wodurch die Stauchfestigkeit und damit auch Kollapsbeständigkeit der Rohrleitung sinken kann. Bei beschichteten Rohren (z. B. CLAD-Rohren) kann es außerdem zu Beschädigungen des Werkstoffs kommen, so dass sich derartige Rohre mit diesem Verfahren häufig nicht kalibrieren lassen. Solche nachteiligen Effekte können mit steigendem Expansionsgrad noch vergrößert werden.During expansion, the tools generate a uniform force on the inner side of the tube, which, when straightening, evenly guides the material into a circular shape. In this process, however, unfavorable stress conditions can be generated in the tubular body, whereby the compression strength and thus collapse resistance of the pipe can decrease. In the case of coated pipes (eg CLAD pipes), the material may also be damaged so that such pipes often can not be calibrated using this process. Such adverse effects can be further increased with increasing degree of expansion.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Herstellen großer Stahlrohre bereit zu stellen, mit dem die Fertigung qualitativ hochwertiger Rohre unter möglichst genauem Rundrichten und mit möglichst kurzer Herstellungszeit erreicht wird, sowie entsprechend ausgebildete Rohre bereit zu stellen, wobei auch die mechanisch technologischen Eigenschaften des Materials verbessert werden sollen.The invention has for its object to provide a method for producing large steel tubes, with which the production of high-quality pipes is achieved with the most accurate rounding and with the shortest possible production time, as well as appropriately trained pipes to provide, including the mechanical technological properties of the material to be improved.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Bei dem Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruches 1 ist dabei vorgesehen, dass die Entspannungsbehandlung in einem Schritt zum Rundrichten entlang dem Umfang zumindest abschnittsweise bezüglich der Längsachse des Rohres unter Kaltverformung durch Stauchen vollzogen wird.This object is achieved with the features of claim 1. In the method with the features of the preamble of claim 1 it is provided that the relaxation treatment is performed in a step to Rundricht along the circumference at least partially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tube under cold deformation by upsetting.
Mit den Maßnahmen in der genannten Kombination lässt sich nicht nur der Zieldurchmesser gut einstellen, sondern beim Vorgang des Rundrichtens wird auch eine Entspannungsbehandlung durchgeführt. Auf diese Weise wird nicht nur die Rohrtoleranz, insbesondere die Ovalität, durch gleichmäßiges plastisches Verformen des Werkstoffes in kurzer Zeit verbessert, sondern auch das Eigenspannungsverhalten des Rohrkörpers. Dabei werden nicht nur die durch das Einformen des Blechmaterials mechanisch im Grundwerkstoff erzeugten Spannungen reduziert, sondern auch die durch das Längsnahtschweißen des zum Rohr geformten Blechmaterials verursachten thermisch erzeugten Spannungen abgebaut. Insgesamt werden durch das Verfahren die mechanisch technologischen Eigenschaften des Rohres verbessert, nämlich z. B. die Stauchfestigkeit und die Kollapsbeständigkeit. Wie Berechnungen im Rahmen der Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeiten nachweisen, wird das Eigenspannungsverhalten nach dem Impandieren, je nach Impansionsgrad, auf ein Minimum reduziert, wobei auch ein praktisch vollständiger Spannungsabbau ermöglicht wird, ohne dass eine aufwändige Wärmebehandlung (spannungsarm glühen bei z. B. ca. 600° C) erforderlich ist, und es können durch die Wärmebehandlung entstehende Nachteile vermieden werden. Durch das gleichmäßige Stauchen über die Außenfläche des Rohres bauen sich die durch den Herstellungsprozess erzeugten Eigenspannungen in Längs- und Umfangsrichtung im Grundwerkstoff und in der Schweißnaht ab. Wie Untersuchungen der Erfinder ergeben haben, liegt ein Grund für die Verbesserungen offenbar darin, dass der Restspannungszustand umgekehrt wird, d. h. nach dem Impandieren liegt auf der Rohrinnenseite Zugspannung und auf der Rohraußenseite Druckspannung vor. Bei innen plattierten Rohwerkstoffen ergeben sich durch das Impandieren von außen zusätzliche Vorteile, da die sensible Innenfläche nicht beschädigt bzw. belastet wird. Dadurch werden die Korrosionseigenschaften des inneren Materials nicht geschwächt. Bei Auflagewerkstoffen z. B. aus alloy 625 wird die Korrosionsbeständigkeit durch innere Restspannungen sogar verbessert.With the measures in the combination mentioned not only the target diameter can be set well, but in the process of Rundrichtens is also a Relaxation treatment performed. In this way, not only the pipe tolerance, in particular the ovality, improved by uniform plastic deformation of the material in a short time, but also the residual stress behavior of the tubular body. Not only are the stresses generated mechanically by the shaping of the sheet metal material in the base material reduced, but also the thermally generated stresses caused by the longitudinal seam welding of the sheet material formed to the tube are reduced. Overall, the mechanical properties of the pipe are improved by the method, namely z. B. the compression strength and the collapse resistance. As calculations in the research and development work prove, the residual stress behavior after impanding, depending on the degree of impact, is reduced to a minimum, whereby a virtually complete reduction in stress is made possible without a complex heat treatment (low-stress annealing at, for example, approx 600 ° C) is required, and disadvantages caused by the heat treatment can be avoided. Due to the uniform upsetting over the outer surface of the tube, the residual stresses generated by the manufacturing process in the longitudinal and circumferential direction in the base material and in the weld build off. As the investigations of the inventors have shown, a reason for the improvements obviously lies in the fact that the residual stress state is reversed, ie after the impanding there is tension on the inside of the tube and compressive stress on the outside of the tube. With raw materials clad on the inside, additional advantages result from the external impanation, since the sensitive inner surface is not damaged or loaded. As a result, the corrosion properties of the inner material are not weakened. For support materials z. For example, made of alloy 625, the corrosion resistance is even improved by internal residual stresses.
Eine für das Rundrichten und die Entspannung vorteilhafte Maßnahme besteht darin, dass beim Rundrichten eine plastische Verformung des Rohrkörpers über dessen gesamten Umfang vorgenommen wird.A measure which is advantageous for the straightening and the relaxation is that during straightening a plastic deformation of the tubular body is made over its entire circumference.
Vorteihafte Ausgestaltungen für ein exaktes Rundrichten bestehen dabei darin, dass beim Rundrichten ein Einstellen auf vorgegebenen Rohraußendurchmesser oder vorgegebenen Rohrinnendurchmesser erfolgt.Vorteihafte embodiments for an exact Rundrichten consist in the fact that the circular alignment is done on predetermined pipe outside diameter or predetermined pipe inside diameter.
Zum Verbessern des Eigenspannungsverhaltens des Rohrkörpers tragen ferner die Maßnahmen bei, dass beim Rundrichten zum Entspannen ein Stauchen in Umfangsrichtung und ein hydraulisches Entspannen (z.B. mit Hydrotester) miteinander kombiniert werden. Dabei kann das Impandieren und hydraulische Entspannen abwechselnd auch mehrfach gesteuert durchgeführt werden.In order to improve the inherent stress behavior of the tubular body, the measures further contribute to the fact that circumferential straightening and hydraulic expansion (for example with hydrotester) are combined with each other during straightening for relaxation. In this case, the impanding and hydraulic relaxation can also be carried out alternately and repeatedly.
Ferner werden das Rundrichten und die Entspannungsvorgänge dadurch begünstigt, dass das Rundrichten und Entspannen mittels mindestens zweier, insbesondere mindestens dreier von außen in Radialrichtung zur Rohrachse drückender, in Umfangsrichtung versetzter Richtstempel mit an die Umfangskontur des Rohres abschnittsweise angepassten Richtschalen durchgeführt wird.Furthermore, the straightening and the relaxation processes are facilitated by the fact that the straightening and relaxing is carried out by means of at least two straightening dies, which are pressed from outside in the radial direction to the tube axis and offset in the circumferential direction, with straightening cups which are adapted in sections to the peripheral contour of the tube.
Ein Rohr mit vorteilhaften Eigenschaften wird dadurch erhalten, dass es nach einem der vorstehend genannten Verfahrensweisen hergestellt ist.A tube having advantageous properties is obtained by being produced by one of the above-mentioned methods.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- ein in einer Rundrichtmaschine angeordnetes Rohr in schematischer Querschnittsansicht und
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Darstellung von Fertigungsschritten eines Rohres.
- Fig. 1
- a arranged in a rotary straightening tube in a schematic cross-sectional view and
- Fig. 2
- a schematic representation of manufacturing steps of a pipe.
Die Richtmaschine bzw. Richtvorrichtung 10 weist mehrere in Umfangsrichtung gleichmäßig verteilte und in axialer Richtung ortsgleich angeordnete Richtstempel mit jeweiligen Richtschalen 11, 12, 13, 14 auf, die an einem jeweiligen Halter 15 auswechselbar angebracht sind und auf ihrer dem Rohr 1 zugekehrten Seite mit einer an die Oberflächenkontur des Rohres 1 angepasste Oberflächenform versehen sind, die sich in Umfangsrichtung entlang der Rohroberfläche erstreckt, so dass beim Anliegen sämtlicher Richtschalen die Rohroberfläche in Umfangsrichtung weitgehend umfasst ist. In axialer Richtung hingegen erstrecken sich die Richtschalen 11, 12, 13, 14 nur über einen kurzen Teilabschnitt des Rohres 1, wobei mehrere derartige Einheiten aus Richtschalen 11, 12, 13, 14 in Längsrichtung des Rohres 1 über dessen äußerer Oberfläche angeordnet sein können. Durch die Austauschbarkeit können an verschiedene Rohrdurchmesser angepasste Richtschalen leicht eingesetzt bzw. gewechselt werden. Die Halter 15 der Richtschalen 11, 12, 13, 14 werden entlang einer Richtachse 17 hydraulisch in radialer, zum Zentrum des Rohres 1 orientierter Richtung in dem Träger 16 verstellt, um ein Stauchen des Rohrkörpers und ein hydraulisches Entspannen in entgegen gesetzter Richtung unter Steuerung oder Regelung mittels einer Regelungsvorrichtung 20 zu bewirken. Dabei kann ein Richten auf vorgegebenen Innen- oder Außendurchmesser erfolgen, wobei über die Regelvorrichtung eine Absolutlage vorgegeben werden kann.The straightening machine or straightening
Bei großen Rohren, d.h. insbesondere mit Wandstärken t ≥ 9 mm und Durchmessern d ≥ 300 mm, z.B. bis zu t = 80 mm und d = 2000 mm, gelingt das Rundrichten bei gleichmäßigem Kalibrieren über den Umfang mit der vorstehend genannten Richtmaschine, wie sie auch in der eingangs genannten
Durch die Kombination des Impandierens und hydraulischen Entspannens unter Steuerung oder Regelung über die Regelungsvorrichtung 20 kann der Entspannungsprozess gezielt beeinflusst werden. Gleichzeitig lassen sich Rohraußen- oder Rohrinnendurchmesser gezielt auf vorgegebene Werte einstellen. Durch dieses Verfahren lassen sich gezielt die mechanisch technologischen Eigenschaften wie Festigkeit und Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient des Rohrmaterials positiv beeinflussen. Weiterhin werden das Kollapsverhalten des Rohres und die Eigenschaften bei Ermüdungsbeanspruchungen verbessert. Insgesamt lassen sich dadurch qualitativ hochwertige, praktisch spannungsfreie Rohre mit hohen Rohrtoleranzen in einer gegenüber herkömmlichen Herstellungsverfahren deutlich kürzeren Zeit fertigen. Wie in Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeiten durch Berechnungen nachgewiesen wurde, kann das Eigenspannungsverhalten nach dem Impandieren, je nach Impansionsgrad, auf ein Minimum reduziert werden, wobei auch ein vollständiger Spannungsabbau möglich ist.By combining the impanding and hydraulic relaxation under control or regulation via the
Claims (5)
- Method for producing a steel tube, in which method a plate or coil is formed into a tubular body (1.2) of round cross section in a bending operation, is welded in a subsequent welding operation (b) along the longitudinal edges facing one another to produce a continuous seam and is then subjected to a stressrelief treatment, characterized in that the stressrelief treatment is carried out during an operation for concentrically straightening (c) along the circumference in at least one section with respect to the longitudinal axis thereof while cold working by upsetting.
- Method for producing a steel tube according to Claim 1, characterized in that plastic deformation of the tubular body is carried out over the entire circumference thereof during the concentric straightening.
- Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a predetermined tube outside diameter (ra) or predetermined tube inside diameter (ri) is set during the concentric straightening.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, for the stress relief, upsetting in the circumferential direction and hydraulic stress relief are combined with one another during the concentric straightening.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concentric straightening and stress relief are carried out by means of two, in particular at least three straightening punches which press from the outside in the radial direction relative to the tube axis, are offset in the circumferential direction and have straightening shells (11, 12, 13, 14) adapted in sections to the circumferential contour of the tube (1).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL09757221T PL2285507T3 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2009-05-28 | Method for producing a large steel tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008027807A DE102008027807B4 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2008-06-06 | Method for producing a large steel pipe |
PCT/EP2009/003816 WO2009146838A1 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2009-05-28 | Method for producing a large steel tube |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2285507A1 EP2285507A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
EP2285507B1 true EP2285507B1 (en) | 2011-09-07 |
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ID=41258801
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP09757221A Active EP2285507B1 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2009-05-28 | Method for producing a large steel tube |
Country Status (16)
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US (1) | US9156074B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2285507B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5361996B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20110022613A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102056687B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE523271T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2009254199B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0915529B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2726132C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102008027807B4 (en) |
DK (1) | DK2285507T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2285507T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT2285507E (en) |
RU (1) | RU2456108C1 (en) |
UA (1) | UA103024C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009146838A1 (en) |
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CN102442552B (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2014-12-31 | 通用电气公司 | Feeding tank for pneumatically conveying solid particles and feeding system |
KR101220472B1 (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2013-01-10 | 한전케이피에스 주식회사 | Mechanical Stress Improvement Apparatus |
CN103182629A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2013-07-03 | 上海和达汽车配件有限公司 | Forming method for high strength steel pipe fittings with unequal wall thickness and irregular pipe fittings |
RU2535164C2 (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2014-12-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Челябинский трубопрокатный завод" | Method to produce longitudinal welded pipes of large diameter |
DE102013103811B3 (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2014-03-20 | EISENBAU KRäMER GMBH | Method for producing a multi-layered large pipe |
WO2014188485A1 (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-11-27 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Offset correction control device and offset correction control method for continuous tack welding device |
WO2014192091A1 (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2014-12-04 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Method for producing welded steel pipe |
EP3019287B1 (en) | 2013-07-08 | 2017-05-17 | Andritz Soutec AG | Method for producing annular parts, and use of said method |
US9533343B2 (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2017-01-03 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Aluminum porthole extruded tubing with locating feature |
CN104492878A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-08 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Upper moulding bed and chord tube cold-pressing forming device |
KR101698338B1 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-23 | 한국수력원자력 주식회사 | Device for alleviating residual stress of pipe |
CN106363045B (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2021-04-02 | 重庆荆江汽车半轴股份有限公司 | Half-shaft thermal straightening machine for vehicle |
KR20190020697A (en) | 2016-06-22 | 2019-03-04 | 테오도르 그뢰베너 게엠베하 운트 코. 카게 | Apparatus for measuring and calibrating hollow components and method of using such apparatus |
JP6566231B1 (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-08-28 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Steel plate end bending method and apparatus, and steel pipe manufacturing method and equipment |
US10906080B2 (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2021-02-02 | Ford Motor Company | System and methods to radially orient extruded tubing for vehicle body component |
CN110586757A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-20 | 江苏易实精密科技股份有限公司 | Double-layer rolled bush and processing technology thereof |
CN112090990B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-03-08 | 中交三航(上海)新能源工程有限公司 | Repairing construction method for sunken part of fan tower drum |
CN112605179A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-04-06 | 有研金属复材技术有限公司 | Method and mould for correcting section roundness of metal pipe |
CN113059031A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-02 | 河北亿利康纳利亚环保科技有限公司 | Barrel shaping process method |
CN117583424B (en) * | 2024-01-17 | 2024-03-29 | 广东林工工业装备有限公司 | Ovality adjustment tool for welding large flange of pressure vessel equipment |
CN117696680B (en) * | 2024-02-05 | 2024-06-18 | 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 | Pressure straightening machine for steel pipe |
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SU1433535A1 (en) * | 1987-01-14 | 1988-10-30 | Предприятие П/Я В-8772 | Method of straightening continuous articles |
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-
2008
- 2008-06-06 DE DE102008027807A patent/DE102008027807B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-05-28 AU AU2009254199A patent/AU2009254199B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-05-28 DK DK09757221.8T patent/DK2285507T3/en active
- 2009-05-28 AT AT09757221T patent/ATE523271T1/en active
- 2009-05-28 CN CN2009801210521A patent/CN102056687B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-05-28 PT PT09757221T patent/PT2285507E/en unknown
- 2009-05-28 UA UAA201014581A patent/UA103024C2/en unknown
- 2009-05-28 CA CA2726132A patent/CA2726132C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-05-28 JP JP2011512007A patent/JP5361996B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-05-28 RU RU2010154236/02A patent/RU2456108C1/en active
- 2009-05-28 US US12/737,077 patent/US9156074B2/en active Active
- 2009-05-28 BR BRPI0915529-5A patent/BRPI0915529B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2009-05-28 WO PCT/EP2009/003816 patent/WO2009146838A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-05-28 PL PL09757221T patent/PL2285507T3/en unknown
- 2009-05-28 KR KR1020107028504A patent/KR20110022613A/en active Search and Examination
- 2009-05-28 EP EP09757221A patent/EP2285507B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102008027807A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
WO2009146838A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
JP2011521790A (en) | 2011-07-28 |
CA2726132C (en) | 2013-07-02 |
PT2285507E (en) | 2011-11-25 |
WO2009146838A8 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
AU2009254199B2 (en) | 2013-01-10 |
AU2009254199A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
UA103024C2 (en) | 2013-09-10 |
CN102056687B (en) | 2013-07-10 |
ATE523271T1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
DE102008027807B4 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
US20110174046A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
KR20110022613A (en) | 2011-03-07 |
EP2285507A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
AU2009254199A8 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
DK2285507T3 (en) | 2011-12-05 |
CA2726132A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
PL2285507T3 (en) | 2012-01-31 |
JP5361996B2 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
BRPI0915529A2 (en) | 2016-01-26 |
RU2456108C1 (en) | 2012-07-20 |
CN102056687A (en) | 2011-05-11 |
BRPI0915529B1 (en) | 2019-10-08 |
US9156074B2 (en) | 2015-10-13 |
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