EP2275740A2 - Coal gasification burner - Google Patents

Coal gasification burner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2275740A2
EP2275740A2 EP10005745A EP10005745A EP2275740A2 EP 2275740 A2 EP2275740 A2 EP 2275740A2 EP 10005745 A EP10005745 A EP 10005745A EP 10005745 A EP10005745 A EP 10005745A EP 2275740 A2 EP2275740 A2 EP 2275740A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
ceramic
tube
cladding
tubes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10005745A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2275740A3 (en
Inventor
Hanno Tautz
Johann Dr. Ferstl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP2275740A2 publication Critical patent/EP2275740A2/en
Publication of EP2275740A3 publication Critical patent/EP2275740A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/005—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel burning a mixture of pulverulent fuel delivered as a slurry, i.e. comprising a carrying liquid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
    • C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/76—Protecting flame and burner parts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2201/00—Burners adapted for particulate solid or pulverulent fuels
    • F23D2201/10—Nozzle tips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00018—Means for protecting parts of the burner, e.g. ceramic lining outside of the flame tube

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner having a burner head and arranged in the burner head burner tubes made of metal for the supply of at least one fuel and an oxidizing agent in a reaction space, wherein at least one of the burner tubes is provided with a ceramic material consisting of a lining, the inner or the Outer surface of the burner tube completely or partially covered.
  • Such burners are used, for example, in the production of synthesis gas to introduce a coal slurry (coal slurry) and an oxidant via separate feed channels in a reaction space to implement there by partial oxidation.
  • the reaction is carried out at a pressure between 1 and about 80 bar, with flame temperatures of 1200 ... 2000 ° C are achieved.
  • the service life of the burners under these conditions of use is only a few months since they are exposed to a great deal of thermal stress and the coal slurry in the supply ducts provides for a high removal of material.
  • the burners are usually cooled by the intake air. If technically pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air is used, the cooling is usually done by cooling water.
  • the burner usually has a cooling channel on its front side and can be supplied via a welded cooling water coil with cooling water. This cooling coil tends to crack and therefore represents another weak point of such a burner.
  • a gas-cooled burner which has a thin-walled jacket tube, which consists of ceramic or is covered with ceramic.
  • the jacket tube encloses and protects internals that form supply channels for fuel and oxidant and is gas-tightly connected to the existing metal part of the burner head, with a free thermal expansion of the parts should be possible.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a generic burner, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the stated object is achieved in that the ceramic cladding is connected by positive engagement with the metallic burner tube.
  • the positive connection between the ceramic cladding and the metallic burner tube is preferably carried out so that during the burner operation between the two parts always a game remains. Tensions due to different thermal expansions, which can easily lead to damage, can thereby be safely avoided.
  • the ceramic lining is arranged in the burner head so that it is supported only on the metallic burner tube, and it does not come into contact with the remaining parts of the burner head even under unfavorable operating conditions.
  • the ceramic cladding assumes no task in the connection between the burner head and burner tube. At this compound only the metallic part of the burner tube is involved, which is why they can be performed both durable and gas or fluid-tight with little effort.
  • the purpose of the ceramic cladding is to protect metallic parts of the burner to extend the burner life. It makes sense that the ceramic cladding is therefore arranged at locations which are exposed to high thermal and / or mechanical stress during burner operation.
  • the cladding of less heavily loaded areas is associated with additional costs, without necessarily leading to an extension of the burner life. Since the reaction chamber-side ends of the burner tubes are usually loaded higher than their opposite, cold ends, a preferred embodiment of the burner according to the invention provides that the ceramic lining is arranged at the reaction chamber-side end of the burner tube and extends in the longitudinal direction only over part of the burner tube length.
  • the ceramic cladding can be flush with the burner tube or project beyond the burner tube.
  • the ceramic covering consists of one piece, and is designed as a sleeve which can be arranged inside or on the outside of the burner tube.
  • the ceramic cladding may consist of any ceramic that is resistant to the conditions encountered during burner use. Preferably, however, it consists of silicon nitride, silicon carbide or aluminum oxide.
  • the ceramic cladding reduces the thermal stress placed on the burner tube at its tip during burner operation. Furthermore, it protects the metallic material of the burner tube against mechanical attacks, as they occur, for example, when solid particles are introduced via the burner tube into the reaction space. Particularly highly loaded are reaction burner, which are used in the partial oxidation of coal, wherein the coal is introduced in the form of Kohleslurry or coal dust via one or more burner tubes as feed channels in a reaction space.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the ceramic cladding delimits a feed channel through which coal slurry or coal dust can be introduced as fuel into the reaction space.
  • burner tubes which are only slightly susceptible to the form of corrosion known as metal dusting, has proved to be of great value, and which therefore has a high resistance, especially under the conditions which exist during a partial oxidation occur.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the burner according to the invention therefore provides that one or more of the burner tubes of the burner, at least at their reaction chamber side ends of a resistant to metal dusting metal alloy, in particular from a high temperature corrosion resistant, for example, aluminum-containing iron alloy exist.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for use in burners whose burner tubes have circular cross-sections and which are arranged concentrically with one another.
  • the use of the invention is not limited to such burners.
  • a burner according to the invention can be used in a large number of applications. With particular advantage, however, it can be used as a reaction burner in a device in which carbon-containing substances are converted by partial oxidation into a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen as main components.
  • a part of the burner head of a reaction burner is shown, can be supplied to the Kohleslurry as a fuel and temperature moderator and oxygen as the oxidant to a reaction space to be implemented there by partial oxidation.
  • the burner head comprises the three concentrically arranged burner tubes A, I and Z, which each have a circular cross-section.
  • Oxygen O can be introduced into the downstream reaction space (not shown) via the supply channel formed by the outer burner tube A and the inner burner tube I and via the central burner tube Z, while for the supply of Kohleslurry K through the inner I and the central Burner tube Z formed supply channel is provided.
  • the reaction chamber-side end of the inner burner tube I is exposed to a strong thermal load, since it is only relatively weakly cooled by the oxygen flow.
  • the z. B. has a high resistance to metal dusting.
  • the inner burner tube I On its inside, the inner burner tube I is provided with a ceramic lining V, by which, in particular, the end piece E is protected against the mechanical stresses by the coal slurry.
  • the ceramic lining V which consists of an abrasion-resistant material, such as silicon carbide or silicon nitrite, is formed in the form of a sleeve which is positively connected to the inner burner tube I.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)

Abstract

The burner has a burner head and burner pipes (A,I,Z) made of metal arranged in the burner head for the supply of fuel (K) and an oxidizing agent (O) into reaction area, where one of the burner pipes is provided with a lining (V) having a ceramic material. The ceramic lining is connected to a form closure with the metallic burner pipe.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Brenner mit einem Brennerkopf und im Brennerkopf angeordneten Brennerrohren aus Metall für die Zuführung von zumindest einem Brennstoff und einem Oxidationsmittel in einen Reaktionsraum, wobei wenigstens eines der Brennerrohre mit einer aus einem keramischen Material bestehenden Verkleidung versehen ist, die die innere oder die äußere Oberfläche des Brennerrohres ganz oder teilweise überdeckt.The invention relates to a burner having a burner head and arranged in the burner head burner tubes made of metal for the supply of at least one fuel and an oxidizing agent in a reaction space, wherein at least one of the burner tubes is provided with a ceramic material consisting of a lining, the inner or the Outer surface of the burner tube completely or partially covered.

Derartige Brenner werden beispielsweise bei der Erzeugung von Synthesegas eingesetzt, um eine Kohleaufschlämmung (Kohleslurry) sowie ein Oxidationsmittel über getrennte Zuführungskanäle in einen Reaktionsraum einzubringen um sie dort durch partielle Oxidation umzusetzen. Typischerweise erfolgt die Umsetzung bei einem Druck zwischen 1 und ca. 80bar, wobei Flammentemperaturen von 1200...2000°C erreicht werden.Such burners are used, for example, in the production of synthesis gas to introduce a coal slurry (coal slurry) and an oxidant via separate feed channels in a reaction space to implement there by partial oxidation. Typically, the reaction is carried out at a pressure between 1 and about 80 bar, with flame temperatures of 1200 ... 2000 ° C are achieved.

Nach dem Stand der Technik beträgt die Standzeit der Brenner unter diesen Einsatzbedingungen nur wenige Monate, da sie einer großen thermischen Belastung ausgesetzt sind und der Kohleslurry in den Zuführungskanälen für einen starken Materialabtrag sorgt. Beim Einsatz von Luft als Oxidationsmittel werden die Brenner üblicherweise durch die angesaugte Luft gekühlt. Sofern technisch reiner Sauerstoff oder mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft eingesetzt werden, erfolgt die Kühlung meist durch Kühlwasser. Hierzu weist der Brenner in der Regel einen Kühlkanal an seiner Stirnseite auf und kann über eine angeschweißte Kühlwasserwendel mit Kühlwasser versorgt werden. Diese Kühlwendel neigt zur Rissbildung und stellt daher einen weiteren Schwachpunkt eines solchen Brenners dar.According to the state of the art, the service life of the burners under these conditions of use is only a few months since they are exposed to a great deal of thermal stress and the coal slurry in the supply ducts provides for a high removal of material. When using air as an oxidizing agent, the burners are usually cooled by the intake air. If technically pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air is used, the cooling is usually done by cooling water. For this purpose, the burner usually has a cooling channel on its front side and can be supplied via a welded cooling water coil with cooling water. This cooling coil tends to crack and therefore represents another weak point of such a burner.

In der europäischen Patentschrift EP 0 868 394 B1 ist ein gasgekühlter Brenner mit zumindest einem metallischen Brennerrohr beschrieben, das zum Schutz vor zu hoher thermischer Belastung an seinem reaktionsraumseitigen Ende einen Ring aus Keramik aufweist. Die Patentschrift gibt an, dass dieser Ring mit den metallischen Teilen der Brennerrohre durch Schweißen verbunden ist. Erfahrungsgemäß ist eine Schweißverbindung zwischen Keramik und Metall problematisch, und insbesondere bei hohen Temperaturen wenig haltbar.In the European patent specification EP 0 868 394 B1 a gas-cooled burner with at least one metallic burner tube is described, which has a ring of ceramic to protect against excessive thermal stress at its reaction chamber end end. The patent states that this ring is connected to the metallic parts of the burner tubes by welding. Experience has shown that one Welded connection between ceramic and metal problematic, and especially at high temperatures little durable.

In der europäischen Patentschrift EP 0 312 133 B1 ist ein gasgekühlter Brenner beschrieben, der ein dünnwandiges Mantelrohr aufweist, das aus Keramik besteht oder mit Keramik verkleidet ist. Das Mantelrohr umschließt und schützt dabei Einbauten, die Zuführungskanäle für Brennstoff und Oxidationsmittel bilden und ist mit dem aus Metall bestehenden Teil des Brennerkopfs gasdicht verbunden, wobei eine freie Wärmedehnung der Teile möglich sein soll. Je höher die zwischen den beiden Seiten des Mantelrohres herrschende Druckdifferenz ist, umso schwieriger kann diese Anforderung erfüllt werden und umso aufwendiger werden die erforderlichen konstruktiven Maßnahmen.In the European patent specification EP 0 312 133 B1 a gas-cooled burner is described, which has a thin-walled jacket tube, which consists of ceramic or is covered with ceramic. The jacket tube encloses and protects internals that form supply channels for fuel and oxidant and is gas-tightly connected to the existing metal part of the burner head, with a free thermal expansion of the parts should be possible. The higher the pressure difference prevailing between the two sides of the jacket tube, the more difficult this requirement can be fulfilled and the more complicated the necessary design measures.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, einen gattungsgemäßen Brenner anzugeben, der die Nachteile des Standes der Technik überwindet.Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a generic burner, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die keramische Verkleidung durch Formschluss mit dem metallischen Brennerrohr verbunden ist.The stated object is achieved in that the ceramic cladding is connected by positive engagement with the metallic burner tube.

Der Formschluss zwischen der keramischen Verkleidung und dem metallischen Brennerrohr wird vorzugsweise so ausgeführt, dass während des Brennerbetriebes zwischen den beiden Teilen stets ein Spiel bestehen bleibt. Spannungen aufgrund von unterschiedlichen Wärmedehnungen, die leicht zu Schäden führen können, lassen sich dadurch sicher vermeiden.The positive connection between the ceramic cladding and the metallic burner tube is preferably carried out so that during the burner operation between the two parts always a game remains. Tensions due to different thermal expansions, which can easily lead to damage, can thereby be safely avoided.

Zweckmäßiger Weise ist die keramische Verkleidung derart im Brennerkopf angeordnet, dass sie sich lediglich an dem metallischen Brennerrohr abstützt, wobei sie auch unter ungünstigen Betriebsbedingungen nicht mit den übrigen Teilen des Brennerkopfes in Kontakt kommt. Insbesondere übernimmt die keramische Verkleidung keine Aufgabe bei der Verbindung zwischen Brennerkopf und Brennerrohr. An dieser Verbindung ist ausschließlich der metallische Teil des Brennerrohres beteiligt, weshalb sie mit geringem Aufwand sowohl dauerhaft als auch gas- bzw. fluiddicht ausgeführt werden kann.Conveniently, the ceramic lining is arranged in the burner head so that it is supported only on the metallic burner tube, and it does not come into contact with the remaining parts of the burner head even under unfavorable operating conditions. In particular, the ceramic cladding assumes no task in the connection between the burner head and burner tube. At this compound only the metallic part of the burner tube is involved, which is why they can be performed both durable and gas or fluid-tight with little effort.

Aufgabe der keramischen Verkleidung ist es, metallische Teile des Brenners zu schützen, um die Brennerstandzeit zu verlängern. Sinnvollerweise ist die keramische Verkleidung daher an Stellen angeordnet, die während des Brennerbetriebes hohen thermischen und/oder mechanischen Belastung ausgesetzt sind. Die Verkleidung von weniger hoch belasteten Stellen ist dagegen mit Mehrkosten verbunden, ohne dass sie notwendig zu einer Verlängerung der Brennerstandzeit führt. Da die reaktionsraumseitigen Enden der Brennerrohre gewöhnlich höher belastet werden, als ihre entgegengesetzten, kalten Enden, sieht eine bevorzugte Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Brenners vor, dass die keramische Verkleidung am reaktionsraumseitigen Ende des Brennerrohres angeordnet ist und sich in Längsrichtung nur über einen Teil der Brennerrohrlänge erstreckt. Die keramische Verkleidung kann dabei bündig mit dem Brennerrohr abschließen oder das Brennerrohr überragen.The purpose of the ceramic cladding is to protect metallic parts of the burner to extend the burner life. It makes sense that the ceramic cladding is therefore arranged at locations which are exposed to high thermal and / or mechanical stress during burner operation. The cladding of less heavily loaded areas, however, is associated with additional costs, without necessarily leading to an extension of the burner life. Since the reaction chamber-side ends of the burner tubes are usually loaded higher than their opposite, cold ends, a preferred embodiment of the burner according to the invention provides that the ceramic lining is arranged at the reaction chamber-side end of the burner tube and extends in the longitudinal direction only over part of the burner tube length. The ceramic cladding can be flush with the burner tube or project beyond the burner tube.

Vorzugsweise besteht die keramische Verkleidung aus einem Stück, und ist als Hülse ausgeführt, die im Inneren oder an der Außenseite des Brennerrohres angeordnet sein kann. Die keramische Verkleidung kann aus jeder Keramik bestehen, die unter den während des Brennereinsatzes auftretenden Bedingungen beständig ist. Bevorzugt besteht sie jedoch aus Siliziumnitrit, Siliziumcarbid oder Aluminiumoxid.Preferably, the ceramic covering consists of one piece, and is designed as a sleeve which can be arranged inside or on the outside of the burner tube. The ceramic cladding may consist of any ceramic that is resistant to the conditions encountered during burner use. Preferably, however, it consists of silicon nitride, silicon carbide or aluminum oxide.

Durch die keramische Verkleidung verringert sich die thermische Belastung, der das Brennerrohr an seiner Spitze während des Brennerbetriebs ausgesetzt ist. Weiterhin schützt es das metallische Material des Brennerrohres vor mechanischen Angriffen, wie sie beispielsweise auftreten, wenn Feststoffpartikel über das Brennerrohr in den Reaktionsraum eingeleitet werden. Besonders hoch belastet sind Reaktionsbrenner, die bei der partiellen Oxidation von Kohle eingesetzt werden, wobei die Kohle in Form von Kohleslurry oder Kohlestaub über eines oder mehrere Brennerrohre als Zuführungskanäle in einen Reaktionsraum eingeleitet wird. Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht daher vor, dass die keramische Verkleidung einen Zuführungskanal begrenzt, durch den Kohleslurry oder Kohlestaub als Brennstoff in den Reaktionsraum einleitbar ist.The ceramic cladding reduces the thermal stress placed on the burner tube at its tip during burner operation. Furthermore, it protects the metallic material of the burner tube against mechanical attacks, as they occur, for example, when solid particles are introduced via the burner tube into the reaction space. Particularly highly loaded are reaction burner, which are used in the partial oxidation of coal, wherein the coal is introduced in the form of Kohleslurry or coal dust via one or more burner tubes as feed channels in a reaction space. A preferred embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the ceramic cladding delimits a feed channel through which coal slurry or coal dust can be introduced as fuel into the reaction space.

In der Vergangenheit hat sich der Einsatz von Brennerrohren bewährt, die für die als Metal Dusting bezeichnete Korrosionsform nur wenig anfällig sind, und die daher eine hohe Beständigkeit besonders unter den Bedingungen aufweisen, die während einer partiellen Oxidation auftreten. Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Brenners sieht daher vor, dass eines oder mehrere der Brennerrohre des Brenners zumindest an ihren Reaktionsraumseitigen Enden aus einer gegen Metal Dusting beständigen Metalllegierung, insbesondere aus einer hochtemperaturkorrosionsfesten, beispielsweise aluminiumhaltigen Eisenlegierung, bestehen.In the past, the use of burner tubes, which are only slightly susceptible to the form of corrosion known as metal dusting, has proved to be of great value, and which therefore has a high resistance, especially under the conditions which exist during a partial oxidation occur. A further preferred embodiment of the burner according to the invention therefore provides that one or more of the burner tubes of the burner, at least at their reaction chamber side ends of a resistant to metal dusting metal alloy, in particular from a high temperature corrosion resistant, for example, aluminum-containing iron alloy exist.

Die Erfindung eignet sich besonders für den Einsatz in Brennern, deren Brennerrohre kreisförmige Querschnitte aufweisen und die zueinander konzentrisch angeordnet sind. Der Einsatz der Erfindung ist jedoch nicht auf derartige Brenner beschränkt.The invention is particularly suitable for use in burners whose burner tubes have circular cross-sections and which are arranged concentrically with one another. However, the use of the invention is not limited to such burners.

Prinzipiell kann ein erfindungsgemäßer Brenner bei einer Vielzahl von Anwendungsfällen eingesetzt werden. Mit besonderem Vorteil kann er jedoch als Reaktionsbrenner in einer Einrichtung eingesetzt werden, in der Kohlestoff enthaltende Stoffe durch partielle Oxidation in ein Synthesegas umgesetzt werden, das als Hauptkomponenten Kohlenmonoxid und Wasserstoff enthält.In principle, a burner according to the invention can be used in a large number of applications. With particular advantage, however, it can be used as a reaction burner in a device in which carbon-containing substances are converted by partial oxidation into a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen as main components.

Im Folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand eines in der Figur 1 schematisch abgebildeten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert werden.In the following, the invention is based on a in the FIG. 1 schematically illustrated embodiment will be explained in more detail.

In dem Ausführungsbeispiel ist ein Teil des Brennerkopfes eines Reaktionsbrenners dargestellt, über den Kohleslurry als Brennstoff und Temperaturmoderator sowie Sauerstoff als Oxidationsmittel einem Reaktionsraum zugeführt werden können, um dort durch partielle Oxidation umgesetzt zu werden.In the exemplary embodiment, a part of the burner head of a reaction burner is shown, can be supplied to the Kohleslurry as a fuel and temperature moderator and oxygen as the oxidant to a reaction space to be implemented there by partial oxidation.

Der Brennerkopf umfasst die drei konzentrisch angeordneten Brennerrohre A, I und Z, die jeweils einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen. Über den durch das äußere Brennerrohr A und das innere Brennerrohr I gebildeten Zuführungskanal sowie über das zentrale Brennerrohr Z kann Sauerstoff O in den stromabwärts gelegenen Reaktionsraum (nicht dargestellt) eingeleitet werden, während für die Zuführung des Kohleslurry K der durch das innere I und das zentrale Brennerrohr Z gebildete Zuführungskanal vorgesehen ist. Im Brennerbetrieb ist das reaktionsraumseitige Ende des inneren Brennerrohres I einer starken thermischen Belastung ausgesetzt, da es durch den Sauerstoffstrom nur relativ schwach gekühlt wird. Um eine Schädigung des inneren Brennerrohres I zu vermeiden, weist es ein Endstück E auf, das aus einer Metalllegierung besteht, die z. B. eine hohe Beständigkeit gegenüber Metal Dusting aufweist. An seiner Innenseite ist das innere Brennerrohr I mit einer keramischen Verkleidung V versehen, durch die vor allem das Endstück E gegen die mechanischen Beanspruchungen durch den Kohleslurry geschützt wird. Die keramische Verkleidung V, die aus einem abriebfesten Material, wie Siliziumcarbid oder Siliziumnitrit, besteht, ist in Form einer Hülse ausgebildet, die formschlüssig mit dem inneren Brennerohr I verbunden ist.The burner head comprises the three concentrically arranged burner tubes A, I and Z, which each have a circular cross-section. Oxygen O can be introduced into the downstream reaction space (not shown) via the supply channel formed by the outer burner tube A and the inner burner tube I and via the central burner tube Z, while for the supply of Kohleslurry K through the inner I and the central Burner tube Z formed supply channel is provided. In burner operation, the reaction chamber-side end of the inner burner tube I is exposed to a strong thermal load, since it is only relatively weakly cooled by the oxygen flow. In order to avoid damage to the inner burner tube I, it has an end piece E, which consists of a Metal alloy exists, the z. B. has a high resistance to metal dusting. On its inside, the inner burner tube I is provided with a ceramic lining V, by which, in particular, the end piece E is protected against the mechanical stresses by the coal slurry. The ceramic lining V, which consists of an abrasion-resistant material, such as silicon carbide or silicon nitrite, is formed in the form of a sleeve which is positively connected to the inner burner tube I.

Claims (7)

Brenner mit einem Brennerkopf und im Brennerkopf angeordneten Brennerrohren (A,I,Z) aus Metall für die Zuführung von zumindest einem Brennstoff (K) und einem Oxidationsmittel (O) in einen Reaktionsraum, wobei wenigstens eines der Brennerrohre (I) mit einer aus einem keramischen Material bestehenden Verkleidung (V) versehen ist, die die innere oder die äußere Oberfläche des Brennerrohres ganz oder teilweise überdeckt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die keramische Verkleidung (V) durch Formschluss mit dem metallischen Brennerrohr (I) verbunden ist.Burner with a burner head and arranged in the burner head burner tubes (A, I, Z) made of metal for the supply of at least one fuel (K) and an oxidant (O) in a reaction space, wherein at least one of the burner tubes (I) with one of a Ceramic material existing cladding (V) is provided, which covers the inner or the outer surface of the burner tube wholly or partially, characterized in that the ceramic cladding (V) is connected by positive engagement with the metallic burner tube (I). Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die keramische Verkleidung (K) das Brennerrohr (I) an seinem reaktionsraumseitigen Ende überragt.Burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the ceramic lining (K) projects beyond the burner tube (I) at its reaction-chamber-side end. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die keramische Verkleidung (V) als Hülse ausgeführt ist.Burner according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the ceramic cladding (V) is designed as a sleeve. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die keramische Verkleidung (V) aus Siliziumnitrit oder Siliziumcarbid oder Aluminiumoxid besteht.Burner according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ceramic cladding (V) consists of silicon nitride or silicon carbide or aluminum oxide. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die keramische Verkleidung (V) einen Zuführungskanal begrenzt, durch den Kohleslurry (K) als Brennstoff in den Reaktionsraum einleitbar ist.Burner according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ceramic cladding (V) delimits a feed channel through which coal slurry (K) can be introduced as fuel into the reaction space. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eines oder mehrere der Brennerrohre (I) zumindest an ihren reaktionsraumseitigen Enden aus einer hochtemperaturkorrosionsfesten Eisenlegierung bestehen.Burner according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that one or more of the burner tubes (I) consist at least at their reaction chamber-side ends of a high temperature corrosion resistant iron alloy. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brennerrohre (A,I,Z) zueinander konzentrisch angeordnet sind.Burner according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the burner tubes (A, I, Z) are arranged concentrically to each other.
EP10005745A 2009-06-20 2010-06-02 Coal gasification burner Withdrawn EP2275740A3 (en)

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EP2714854B1 (en) * 2011-05-31 2018-04-04 Gas Technology Institute Method of maintaining mixing efficiency between reactants injected through an injector mixer
CN103333717B (en) * 2013-06-13 2015-04-15 中石化宁波工程有限公司 Process burner structure of gasification furnace
EP4163545A1 (en) * 2021-10-07 2023-04-12 Linde GmbH Burner for performing partial oxidation

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EP0868394B1 (en) 1995-12-18 2003-03-05 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Burner and its use in preparing synthesis gas

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US4699587A (en) * 1985-05-23 1987-10-13 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Burner
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US6892654B2 (en) * 2002-04-18 2005-05-17 Eastman Chemical Company Coal gasification feed injector shield with oxidation-resistant insert
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US7993131B2 (en) * 2007-08-28 2011-08-09 Conocophillips Company Burner nozzle

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EP0312133B1 (en) 1987-09-10 1991-09-11 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Ceramic burner for partial oxidation of a hydrocarbon containing fuel
EP0868394B1 (en) 1995-12-18 2003-03-05 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Burner and its use in preparing synthesis gas

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US20100320296A1 (en) 2010-12-23

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