EP2272629B1 - Outil de presse et procédé de compression, notamment de pièces usinées tubulaires - Google Patents

Outil de presse et procédé de compression, notamment de pièces usinées tubulaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2272629B1
EP2272629B1 EP10167038.8A EP10167038A EP2272629B1 EP 2272629 B1 EP2272629 B1 EP 2272629B1 EP 10167038 A EP10167038 A EP 10167038A EP 2272629 B1 EP2272629 B1 EP 2272629B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressing
press
elements
jaws
tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10167038.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2272629A1 (fr
Inventor
Heinrich Pfeiffer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novopress GmbH Pressen und Presswerkzeuge and Co KG
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Novopress GmbH Pressen und Presswerkzeuge and Co KG
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Priority to PL10167038T priority Critical patent/PL2272629T3/pl
Publication of EP2272629A1 publication Critical patent/EP2272629A1/fr
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Publication of EP2272629B1 publication Critical patent/EP2272629B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/10—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting fittings into hoses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
    • B21D39/048—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods using presses for radially crimping tubular elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressing tool for connecting in particular tubular workpieces, wherein the bonding is effected in particular by pressing. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for pressing such workpieces, wherein the pressing is preferably carried out with the pressing tool according to the invention.
  • sleeve-shaped press fittings are inserted over the two pipe ends to be connected and plastically deformed with the aid of a pressing tool.
  • the press fittings are usually made of metal for this purpose.
  • the inner diameter of the press fitting is chosen slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pipe ends to be joined, so that due to the radial compression, the inside of the press fittings is pressed to the outside of the pipe ends and a solid, in particular tight connection is made due to the permanent deformation.
  • the pressing, pressing tools or press slings are known.
  • a multipart press sling known.
  • This has a plurality of articulated interconnected chain-like pressing elements.
  • the pressing elements are placed around the tubular workpieces, ie the press fitting arranged on the tube ends.
  • a drive device can be attached at the open end of the pressing tool, ie at the closing point of the pressing tool.
  • a complete closing of the pressing tool takes place, in that the two end pressing elements, ie the two pressing elements, between which the closing point is located, are moved toward one another.
  • the drive element can be connected via suitable connecting elements such as pins with the two end-pressing elements for closing the pressing tool.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by a pressing tool according to claim 1 or a method for pressing in particular tubular workpieces according to claim 12.
  • the pressing tool according to the invention which is in particular a pressing sling, serves for connecting in particular tubular workpieces such as pipe ends by means of a press fitting.
  • the pressing tool has a plurality of articulated pressing elements.
  • the pressing elements are thus formed like a chain and form an open Press ring.
  • the pressing tool is open in the region of the two end pressing elements, so that a closing point is formed in this area.
  • the closing takes place in particular by the fact that at the two end-pressing elements, for example, a forceps-like trained drive element engages, so that the two end-pressing elements are moved toward each other for closing the press ring. This results in the appropriate compression.
  • the pressing tool according to the invention has at least one of the two end pressing elements, preferably both end-pressing elements in each case a pressing jaw carrier and a pressing jaw on.
  • the pressing jaw is displaceably held by the pressing jaw carrier.
  • at least one pressing jaw of the two end pressing elements preferably both pressing jaws of the two end pressing elements, interacts with a guiding element.
  • the at least one guide element according to the invention is designed such that the two pressing jaws of the two end-pressing elements are initially moved towards each other during the pressing process.
  • the guide element preferably has a guide surface formed by the pressing element adjacent to the respective end pressing element. On the guide surface is a contact element that is formed on the pressing jaw of the end-pressing element.
  • the two pressing jaws of the end pressing elements are forcedly guided in the temporally first pressing section.
  • the movement of these two pressing jaws is thus forced towards one another in the first pressing section.
  • Another movement does not allow the guide element according to the invention in the first pressing section.
  • the movement of the two pressing jaws of the two end pressing elements towards one another during the first pressing section thus takes place independently of the friction conditions prevailing between these pressing jaws and the workpiece to be pressed.
  • the guide element according to the invention thus is a positive guide element.
  • the two pressing jaws of the end pressing elements are moved toward one another in a first pressing section, the gap between these two pressing jaws located in the region of the closing point is first reduced or closed in its width.
  • the invention preferably produces as round a compression as possible.
  • the occurring out-of-roundness in known pressing tools depends on the back pressure, which is generated by fitting and pipe.
  • the compression leads to a slightly oval shape, since the fitting is first deformed at the closing point of the pressing tool and this deformation is not completely reformed in the further pressing operation.
  • the at least one or both guide elements on a guide surface on which abuts a contact element defines the movement of the corresponding pressing jaw during the first or the entire pressing section.
  • the guide surface is inclined in the direction of a gap.
  • the guide surface thus extends not radially with respect to the workpiece to be pressed, but at least slightly in the direction of the closing point, i. in the direction of the gap between the two pressing jaws of the end pressing elements.
  • the guide element may be designed such that in the press jaw carrier of the end pressing elements, a slot or a groove is provided, in which a fixed with the corresponding pressing jaw connected pen is guided.
  • the pin can also be provided on the pressing jaw carrier and the groove or slot in the corresponding pressing jaw.
  • the guide surface is formed by the press element adjacent to the respective end press element.
  • the adjacent pressing element has a guide cam or the like, in particular on the pressing jaw carrier.
  • the abutment element is formed on the corresponding pressing jaw of the final pressing element. The contact element or a corresponding contact surface of the press jaw thus abuts against the guide surface of the adjacent press element, the contact element sliding along the particular inclined guide surface during the first press section.
  • the guide element preferably has a bulge in order to enable a movement of the at least one pressing jaw of the final pressing element in the direction of the adjacent pressing element in a second pressing section, which takes place after the first pressing section.
  • the abutment element slide into the bulge, wherein the bulge is preferably formed on the adjacent pressing element.
  • the bulge is formed on the pressing jaw carrier of the adjacent pressing element, provided that the adjacent pressing element is a pressing element with a pressing jaw carrier and a pressing jaw displaceably held by the pressing jaw carrier.
  • a first pressing section is thus first Closing or reducing the gap at the closing point, ie the gap between the two pressing jaws of the end pressing elements and then closing or reducing the gap between these pressing jaws and the respective adjacent pressing jaws of the adjacent pressing elements. Due to this defined movement of the pressing jaws, preferably both end pressing elements, the formation of burrs and the runout of the pressing can be significantly reduced and thus the quality of the press connection can be considerably improved.
  • the slot or the groove can also be correspondingly bent in the direction of the adjacent pressing element, so that due to the sliding in the slot or the groove pins also a correspondingly defined movement of the pressing jaw is ensured.
  • a pressing element is also provided, which presses the contact element against the guide surface. This ensures that the pressing jaw is moved along a defined path of movement, in particular during the first pressing section and preferably also during the second pressing section.
  • the pressing element is an elastically formed element such as an elastomeric body.
  • the pressure element is designed as a spring, in particular as a compression spring.
  • the pressure element is at least partially disposed within a, in particular cylindrically shaped recess of the contact element, ie in particular a part of the pressing jaw of the corresponding end-pressing element.
  • each guide element several, in particular two pressing elements are provided to continue to ensure the function, for example, when damaging one of the two pressing elements.
  • the pressure elements formed as compression springs are each arranged in a separate cylindrical bore.
  • the pressing element is arranged between the pressing jaw of the corresponding end pressing element and the pressing jaw carrier of the corresponding end pressing element. This ensures a simple construction and ensures the function of the pressure element.
  • the pressing tool preferably has three, four, five, six or even more pressing elements.
  • the two end-pressing elements, as described above, according to the invention formed, wherein at least one of the two end-pressing elements has a guide element for the defined movement of the pressing jaw defined according to the invention, in particular during the first pressing section, preferably during both pressing sections.
  • both end-pressing elements on such a guide element Preferably, both end-pressing elements on such a guide element.
  • the other pressing elements may have at least partially rigid pressing jaws. A part of the pressing elements or all pressing elements can also be designed such that the pressing jaws are held displaceably by the pressing jaw carrier. It is also possible that all movable end-pressing element are performed as the end segment.
  • the invention relates to a method for pressing in particular tubular workpieces by means of a pressing tool such as a press sling.
  • the pressing tool in this case has a plurality of articulated, chain-like interconnected pressing elements.
  • two end pressing elements are provided, which are open and closed for pressing.
  • the pressing tool further has, as described above, two end pressing elements, which preferably each have a pressing jaw carrier and in each case a press jaw held displaceably. Preference is given to the use of the pressing tool described above, in particular in the individually described embodiments.
  • the pressing elements of the pressing tool or the pressing loop around the workpieces to be pressed i. in particular placed around the press fitting surrounding the pipe ends to be connected.
  • the two pressing jaws of the two end pressing elements are initially moved toward one another.
  • the relatively large gap between the two pressing jaws of the final pressing elements is closed or the gap width is reduced.
  • a forced defined movement of the pressing jaw of the end pressing element or both pressing jaws of the two end pressing elements thus takes place in the first pressing section.
  • the two pressing jaws of the end-pressing elements are thus moved toward each other regardless of the size of the prevailing between the pressing jaws and the workpiece friction.
  • the two pressing jaws of the end pressing elements are moved towards one another within the first pressing section until the gap between the two pressing jaws is substantially closed.
  • the gap is not completely closed, but a small gap remains.
  • the pressing jaws of the end pressing elements are also moved in the direction of the respectively adjacent pressing element.
  • the gap at the closing point ie the gap between the two pressing jaws of the end pressing elements is substantially closed in the first pressing section, the closing takes place Gap between the pressing jaws of the end pressing elements and the respective adjacent pressing elements or pressing jaws.
  • the movement of the pressing jaw of the at least one end pressing element is preferably defined by providing a guiding element.
  • the guide member By the guide member, the above-described movement of the corresponding pressing jaw is defined, so that due to the defined movement, the formation of burrs in the gaps can be reduced and the quality of the press connection can be improved.
  • the guide element is in a particularly preferred embodiment as described above with reference to the pressing tool, preferably formed.
  • the guide element is preferably designed so that align the individual members in the entire pressing area around, that is, that in each position, the centers of the pin joints are on a circumference.
  • the pressing tool when opening the pressing tool, i. after pressing and the ⁇ ffenvorgang inventively designed.
  • the pressing tool when opening the pressing tool, i. after pressing and the ⁇ ffenvorgang inventively designed.
  • the pressing tool when the pressing tool is opened, it is ensured that the pressing jaws of the end pressing elements, if they are each designed to be displaceable, are brought into an initial position. In this initial position, it is then ensured for the next pressing process that the above-described movement of the pressing jaw takes place in the first pressing section.
  • the starting position can preferably be effected by displacing the corresponding pressing jaw of the end pressing element against the force of a pressing element. There is thus a kind of tensioning of the pressing element.
  • the pressing tool has in the illustrated embodiment five pressing elements 10, 12, 14, wherein the two pressing elements 12 and the two pressing elements 14 are formed mirror-symmetrically.
  • the rigidly formed pressing element 12 is designed such that it is on the inside a pressing jaw 16 has forming circular segment-shaped surface 18.
  • a base body 20 of the pressing member 10 is integrally connected to two lugs 22. Via bolts 24, the two pressing elements 12 are pivotally connected to the lugs 22 of the pressing member 10. The connection takes place in each case via a two-part press-jaw carrier 26 (FIG. FIG. 1 ).
  • the pressing elements 12 are in turn pivotally connected to the pressing jaw carriers 30 of the end pressing element 14 via further bolts 28.
  • the two end pressing elements 14 each form the end of the chain-shaped interconnected pressing elements and are no longer articulated to each other, so that an opening 32 is formed to perform the pressing tool on the workpieces to be joined together.
  • the two middle pressing elements 12 in the illustrated embodiment are designed such that the pressing jaws 34 are displaceable in the circumferential direction 36.
  • the two end pressing elements 14 have in the illustrated embodiment also two pressing jaws 38, which are slidably connected to the respective pressing jaw carrier 30, wherein the possibility of displacement of the pressing jaws 38 according to the invention is not free, but defined.
  • the displacement of the pressing jaws 34 in the direction of the arrow 36 takes place as a function of the forces and friction occurring. In essence, act on a pressing surface 40 of the two pressing jaws 34, the frictional forces that prevail between this surface and the surface of the fitting. Furthermore, spring forces act on the pressing jaws 34 since the pressing jaws 34 are usually not held so as to be freely displaceable in the pressing jaw carriers 26, but biasing takes place via springs. However, the displacement of the pressing jaws 34 is otherwise not defined during the pressing process and occurs in particular as a function of the occurring Friction conditions. After the pressing tool in the open position ( FIG. 2 ) was placed over the workpieces to be pressed, closing the workpiece in the in FIG.
  • a pressing element 59 is provided per end pressing jaw element 14.
  • the pressure element is a compression spring.
  • the spring 59 is fastened on the one hand to the pressing jaw carrier 30 and on the other hand protrudes into a recess 61 of the pressing jaw 38.
  • the pressing jaws 38 can be released from the guide surfaces 48 or can continue to be guided to the end position.
  • the cam 52 of the respective pressing jaws 38 can thus slide into the bulge 56.
  • a closing of the gap 62 between the pressing jaws 38 and the adjacent pressing jaws 34 ie when further moving the two pins 44, closing the gap 64 between the pressing jaws 34 and the stationary pressing jaw 16 .
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 In this case, the pressing jaw 38 slides into the bulge 56.
  • FIG. 5 the absolute end position is shown, in which all columns 60, 62, 64 are closed.
  • a pressing process is completed earlier, so that even small gaps remain.
  • FIG. 3 When closing the pressing tool, ie when transferring the pressing tool from the in FIG. 2 position shown in the in FIG. 3 shown position is the provision of holding elements 66 ( FIG. 3 ), which are formed in the illustrated embodiment as springs, advantageous.
  • the springs 66 are formed as compression springs and arranged substantially in cylindrical recesses 68 of the pressing member 10.
  • the two springs 66 press outward on side surfaces 70 of the two pressing jaw carrier 26. This has the consequence that after the first looping around the loop around the workpieces to be pressed, the loop in the in FIG. 3 shown position remains, so that accidental opening of the loop is avoided.
  • the loop usually has to be reopened by hand ( FIG. 6 ). This is done by first removing the drive device from the pins 44. In the next step, it is possible, the two pressing elements 12 as in FIG. 6 represented by the right pressing member 12, to pivot outwardly about the pin 24. However, a pivoting of the two pressing elements 12 to the outside is not sufficient to the pressing tool in FIG. 6 can pull down from the workpiece, since this is not sufficient for the resultant between the two pressing jaws 38 opening. It is therefore necessary, in addition to pivot the end-pressing elements 14 to the outside about the pin 28. However, this is in the in FIG. 6 not shown position possible because the cams 52 of the pressing jaws 38 are still in the bulge 56 and thus abut against the cam 54.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Outil de compression pour le raccordement de pièces, en particulier de pièces tubulaires, comportant
    plusieurs éléments de compression (10, 12, 14) reliés les uns aux autres en chaîne, de façon articulée,
    l'outil de compression étant ouvert pour la constitution d'un emplacement de fermeture (60) entre deux éléments de compression d'extrémité (14), et
    les éléments de compression d'extrémité (14) présentant respectivement un porte-mâchoire de compression (30) et une mâchoire de compression (38), au moins une des mâchoires de compression (38) étant retenue de façon mobile sur le porte-mâchoire de compression (30),
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'au moins une des mâchoires de compression (38) des deux éléments de compression d'extrémité (14) coopère avec un élément de guidage (50) de telle sorte que les deux mâchoires de compression (38) des deux éléments de compression d'extrémité (14) sont, pendant le processus de compression, d'abord déplacées l'une vers l'autre dans une phase de compression qui est la première dans le temps, de façon forcée indépendamment des conditions de frottement régnant entre ces mâchoires de compression (38) et la pièce à comprimer.
  2. Outil de compression selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de guidage (50) présentent une surface de guidage (48) sur laquelle est placé un élément d'appui (46), la surface de guidage (48) étant inclinée de préférence en direction d'un emplacement de fermeture (60) qui est constitué entre les deux mâchoires de compression (38) des éléments de compression d'extrémité (14).
  3. Outil de compression selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la surface de guidage (48) est constituée par l'élément de compression (12) voisin de l'élément de compression d'extrémité (14), en particulier par un porte-mâchoire de compression (26) de cet élément de compression (12).
  4. Outil de compression selon une des revendications 2 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'appui (46) est formé sur la mâchoire de compression (38) de l'élément de compression d'extrémité (14).
  5. Outil de compression selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de guidage (50) présente une échancrure (56) pour permettre, dans une deuxième phase de compression, un déplacement de l'au moins une mâchoire de compression en direction de l'élément de compression (12) voisin.
  6. Outil de compression selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'échancrure (56) est prévue sur l'élément de compression (12) voisin, en particulier sur le porte-mâchoire de compression (26) voisin.
  7. Outil de compression selon une des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé par un élément de pression (59) qui presse l'élément d'appui (46) contre la surface de guidage (48).
  8. Outil de compression selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de pression (59) est disposé au moins partiellement à l'intérieur d'un creux (61) de la mâchoire de compression réalisé en particulier de façon cylindrique.
  9. Outil de compression selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de pression (59) est disposé entre la mâchoire de compression (38) et le porte-mâchoire de compression (30).
  10. Outil de compression selon une des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de compression d'extrémité (14) est raccordé à l'élément de compression (12) voisin de façon articulée de sorte que, lors du pivotement de l'élément de compression d'extrémité (14) dans la direction de fermeture, l'élément d'appui (46) glisse sur la surface de guidage (48).
  11. Outil de compression selon une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que des éléments de compression (12) voisins des éléments de compression d'extrémité (14) présentent au moins partiellement un porte-mâchoire de compression (26) sur lequel une mâchoire de compression (34) est retenue de façon mobile.
  12. Procédé pour la compression de pièces, en particulier de pièces tubulaires, avec un outil de compression comportant plusieurs éléments de compression (10, 12, 14) reliés les uns autres en chaîne, de façon articulée, l'outil de compression étant ouvert pour la constitution d'un emplacement de fermeture (60) entre deux éléments de compression d'extrémité (14), et les éléments de compression d'extrémité (14) présentant respectivement un porte-mâchoire de compression (30) et une mâchoire de compression (38), au moins une des mâchoires de compression (38) étant retenue de façon mobile, de préférence avec un outil de compression selon une des revendications 1 à 11,
    dans lequel les éléments de compression (10, 12, 14) sont placés autour des pièces à compresser, et
    les deux mâchoires de compression (38) des deux éléments de compression d'extrémité (14), pendant le processus de compression, sont d'abord déplacées l'une vers l'autre dans une première phase temporelle de compression, dans un mouvement défini forcé.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, dans lequel les mâchoires de compression (38) des éléments de compression d'extrémité (14) sont déplacées l'une vers l'autre jusqu'à ce qu'un interstice (60) entre les deux mâchoires de compression (38) soit essentiellement fermé.
  14. Procédé selon les revendications 12 ou 13, dans lequel les mâchoires de compression (38) des éléments de compression d'extrémité (14), dans une deuxième phase de compression, sont déplaçables également en direction de l'élément de compression (12) respectivement voisin.
  15. Procédé selon une des revendications 12 à 14, dans lequel le mouvement des mâchoires de compression (38) de l'au moins un élément de compression d'extrémité (14) est défini par un élément de guidage (50).
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, dans lequel les éléments de compression d'extrémité (14), pour la fermeture initiale de l'outil de compression et/ou dans la première phase de compression, sont, par rapport à l'élément de compression (12) respectivement voisin, pivotés vers l'intérieur en direction des pièces à compresser, un élément d'appui (46) glissant à cette occasion sur une surface de guidage (48) de l'élément de guidage (50).
  17. Procédé selon une des revendications 12 à 16, dans lequel, pour l'ouverture complète de l'outil de compression, les mâchoires de compression (38) des éléments de compression d'extrémité (14) doivent être conduites dans une position initiale, de préférence par déplacement contre la force d'un élément de pression (59).
EP10167038.8A 2009-07-08 2010-06-23 Outil de presse et procédé de compression, notamment de pièces usinées tubulaires Active EP2272629B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10167038T PL2272629T3 (pl) 2009-07-08 2010-06-23 Narzędzie zaciskowe oraz sposób zaciskania zwłaszcza rurowych przedmiotów obrabianych

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009032113A DE102009032113B4 (de) 2009-07-08 2009-07-08 Presswerkzeug sowie Verfahren zum Verpressen von insbesondere rohrförmigen Werkstücken

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2272629A1 EP2272629A1 (fr) 2011-01-12
EP2272629B1 true EP2272629B1 (fr) 2014-04-02

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DE (1) DE102009032113B4 (fr)
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DE10107579B4 (de) * 2000-10-19 2012-04-26 Gustav Klauke Gmbh Presswerkzeug zum Verpressen von Rohrenden sowie Presseinsatz für eine Pressbacke eines Presswerkzeuges
ATE372840T1 (de) * 2003-11-27 2007-09-15 Geberit Technik Ag Presswerkzeug
DE202004007033U1 (de) * 2004-04-30 2005-09-15 Viega Gmbh & Co Kg Presswerkzeug zum Verbinden von Werkstücken
DE202004007032U1 (de) * 2004-04-30 2005-09-15 Viega Gmbh & Co Kg Presswerkzeug zum Verpressen von Werkstücken

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3338908A1 (fr) 2016-12-21 2018-06-27 Von Arx AG Anneau de presse avec trous allongés
WO2018114942A1 (fr) 2016-12-21 2018-06-28 Von Arx Ag Bague de presse à trous allongés

Also Published As

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PL2272629T3 (pl) 2014-09-30
DE102009032113A1 (de) 2011-01-13
DE102009032113B4 (de) 2011-06-01
EP2272629A1 (fr) 2011-01-12

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