Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
  • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
  • E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
  • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
  • E04B2/8635—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms
  • E04B2/8641—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms using dovetail-type connections
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
  • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
  • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
  • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
  • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
  • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
  • E04B2002/0252—Dovetail keys

Definitions

• the invention relates to a modular construction system for the production of walls comprising composite construction elements intended to be arranged substantially horizontally next to one another and substantially vertically adjacent to one another.
• Each element comprises two outer and inner longitudinal walls parallel to one another.
• the walls of each element are separated by perpendicular spacers and form with the latter cavities or cavities for filling with for example thermal and / or acoustic insulation.
• the invention also relates to another modular construction system for the production of walls comprising composite construction elements consisting of a single wall without spacer.
• the invention also relates to any type of wall comprising at least one part made of glulam. It can be residential walls such as external walls, load-bearing walls, internal partitions. The invention can also be used for the construction of ponds, saunas, noise barriers, etc. Introduction
• the user of such constructions wishes to live there comfortably and in healthy and economic conditions.
• he seeks to reduce construction costs by assembling his own home from prefabricated modular elements.
• he wants to be able to plan the assembly of the technical installations (electricity, heating, water, etc.) independently of the realization of the structural work.
• this assembly must be able to be done in an orderly manner.
• Such modular constructions are known, for example, that disclosed in patent application US 2007/0028558 A1.
• a system comprising modular wooden structural elements each consisting of two superimposed blocks attached to thinner and longer side elements than the blocks, these lateral elements being inserted between two wall-forming elements.
• the blocks also have in their center vertical perforations allowing the insertion of a securing rod through different superimposed structural elements.
• the rods make it possible to clamp together the modular structural elements stacked one above the other on the height of the wall.
• the modular structural elements are juxtaposed by being bonded by mortise and tenon. The space between the wall elements is able to receive a filling element and / or technical installations.
• Such a construction system uses complex structural elements comprising many parts, which does not imply either economic prefabrication or quick and efficient simple assembly of the modules.
• the walls seem too thin to guarantee a foolproof stability.
• the system does not particularly protect the construction against moisture and settlement.
• sleeves are not planned.
• EP 0 744 507 B1 also relates to blocks for modular construction. These blocks fit into each other longitudinally and vertically. They also have in their upper part cruciform central projections adapted to fit into corresponding recesses of the adjacent superimposed block, which gives them good resistance to transverse forces. Intermediate voids may be filled with insulation and / or occupied by technical installations.
• EP 0 894 170 B1 is an improvement of the previous invention in the sense of a simpler building block but less robust and allowing the insertion of a larger amount of insulation.
• the blocks comprise spacers perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the block and sufficiently spaced to form between them large cavities.
• the spacers of adjacent superposed blocks are joined together only by low section projections providing less resistance to transverse forces.
• Patent EP 1 511 906 B1 relates to wooden building elements having a similar appearance to the previous case but supposed to meet higher requirements in particular in terms of stability, thermal insulation, insulation against humidity and weather resistance.
• the spacers of each modular element are bonded to the longitudinal walls by dovetail.
• the spacers of adjacent superposed modular elements are secured in pairs by a metal part applied to one of their lateral faces.
• These measures increase the resistance of the elements to transverse and longitudinal thrust forces.
• a vapor barrier is inserted into the inner wall of the modular element to prevent the diffusion of moisture from the insulation.
• inside the hollow spaces between the spacers on the other hand devices are inserted into the outer wall to promote the evacuation of moisture to the outside. These measures therefore prevent the accumulation of moisture in the insulation and thus protect the modular element against its microbiological or chemical decomposition and against the swelling of wood.
• joints are placed between the walls of adjacent modular elements.
• a first drawback is that this space is obtained at the expense of insulation.
• the space in question also requires the development of partition walls which must if necessary be reinforced to withstand the pressure of the loose insulation. Then, the assembly of the technical installations may be disordered because they can not be separated by means of individual technical sheaths.
• the object of the invention is to provide a modular construction system does not have the disadvantages of the state of the art mentioned above and meets the requirements of the market.
• An object of the invention is a modular building system for producing walls comprising composite elements of modular construction. These elements are intended to be arranged substantially horizontally next to each other and substantially vertically next to each other. Each of them includes:
• spacers separating these two walls and perpendicular to them, arranged at intervals, connected to the walls and forming with the latter hollow spaces for filling,
• At least their inner wall consists of a laminated structure glued in at least three layers.
• the glulam consists in particular of slats of wood first dried, sorted and planed, then glued together under high pressure. This method gives the laminated structural elements of the system according to the invention multiple advantages such as that of lightness, high mechanical strength, high dimensional stability, very good resistance to temperature variations and humidity, low thermal conductivity and good acoustic qualities.
• the glulam mentioned in the invention comprises a load-bearing intermediate layer having a high compressive strength (and therefore a compressive strength) and a high dimensional stability with respect to moisture. This avoids, for example, subsidence in the structure resulting in jamming of doors or windows.
• the aforementioned filling can have several functions (thermal and / or acoustic insulation, mechanical reinforcement etc.) or possibly contain only air. It can also be mixed; that is, containing several substances with different functions.
• the various adjacent elements are bonded to each other by the interposition of seals.
• the composite element of modular construction can be a block or a panel of variable height, width and length.
• the length of the elements can reach up to 18 m.
• the width of the element (which constitutes the thickness of the wall) can be chosen as a function of the desired insulating effect, that is to say of the heat transfer coefficient "k".
• the outer layer of the outer wall of a composite member has on its underside a drip-groove and the outer layer of the outer wall of the underlying element has on its upper face a chamfer (water rejection). These two devices cooperate to evacuate rainwater by runoff.
• the spacers of the composite elements have the same structure that at least the wall and occupy substantially the entire cross section of the hollow space of these elements. This measure increases the stability of the elements.
• the layers located on either side of the intermediate layer of the spacers preferably have horizontally oriented fibers while the intermediate layer has vertically oriented fibers.
• This combination of cross-fiber layers has proved to be particularly stable during testing.
• the horizontal fiber layers may consist of wood species or agglomerates or other materials (composites, recycled, cellular concrete, etc.), which may be identical or different.
• the spacers of vertically adjacent composite elements are preferably aligned relative to each other and bonded together by tenon and mortise.
• the spacers of the various composite elements are advantageously bonded to the walls by dovetails.
• This interlocking mode of connection makes it possible to more securely secure the inner and outer walls of one and the same element, particularly in the case of horizontal traction on the element.
• the longitudinal outer and inner walls of elements horizontally or vertically adjacent are preferably bonded to each other by tenon and mortise or groove and tongue.
• the outer and inner longitudinal walls of adjacent elements are advantageously connected to one another horizontally by dovetails.
• This connection mode is particularly safe especially in case of horizontal traction on an assembly of juxtaposed composite elements.
• the dovetail connection is advantageously effected by means of butterflies, the butterflies of the outer wall being shifted outwards, which prevents a return of water towards the inside of the elements and therefore, if appropriate, humidification of wood and insulation.
• the inner and outer layers of the outer wall and the inner wall of the elements advantageously consist of wood species or agglomerates or other materials (composites, recycled, cellular concrete). etc.) any identical or different. This allows a great flexibility of use.
• the inner and outer layers of each wall have horizontally oriented fibers while the intermediate layer has vertically oriented fibers.
• This combination of cross-fiber layers has proved to be particularly stable during testing.
• the horizontal fiber layers may consist of wood species, agglomerates or other materials (composites, recycled, cellular concrete, etc.), which may be identical or different.
• the intermediate wall-carrying layer which resists compacting and has a high dimensional stability with respect to moisture is advantageously OSB, Oriented Strand Board abbreviated or other agglomerated wood or material having the same mechanical characteristics and the same hygrometric stability.
• OSB is, as its name suggests, a thin, long, oriented panel of wood slats. These are glued and then divided into several layers, oriented differently to optimize the strength and stability of the panel. The slats mat is then fired at high temperatures and pressures. This process results in characteristics such as high mechanical strength, high dimensional stability and material density.
• the superimposed row elements are staggered so that their spacers align vertically with each other and thus form cells.
• the outer and inner walls of an element each comprise at least two first passages parallel to each other adapted to receive fastening rods which are fixed in the corresponding second passages of the two underlying elements.
• Each spacer advantageously comprises at least one passage adapted to receive a rod for securing with a spacer of an underlying element.
• This at least one passage of a spacer of the same element is advantageously arranged in a staggered manner relative to that of the next spacer so as to allow the rod to be fixed in the corresponding passage of the underlying spacer.
• the passages for the securing rods are formed in the inner layer of the outer wall and through the interface between the intermediate layer and the inner layer of the inner wall of the elements.
• the walls have grooves of two different depths on either side of the spacers and which alternate with one another. spacer to each other along the same wall.
• the spacers have corresponding projections of different length depending on the proximity or not of the passages for securing rods.
• the inner wall of the elements may comprise vertical passages forming ducts. These have the advantage of allowing a compartmentalized mounting and thus ordered technical facilities.
• the passages for the ducts are made in the intermediate layer carrying the inner wall of the elements.
• the ducts do not encroach on the hollow space to be filled for example with insulation.
• the spacers of the elements advantageously have an adjustable length. In this way a coefficient "k" can be selected by simply adjusting the length of the spacer, which avoids having a stock of spacers of different lengths.
• the adjustable spacers each comprise on either side of the element two fixed supports to be implanted in each wall, in the center of which can slide a pre-drilled element element, connecting pins blocking the element. pre-drilled holes in the supports at the desired spacing.
• the adjustable spacers each comprise, on either side of the element, a fixed support to be implanted in each wall, and a mobile articulated central element. It can be extended or contracted to obtain the desired spacing and then block it by tightening the hinges.
• the adjustable spacers each comprise a threaded rod provided with nuts and locknuts, which is movable between two threaded bushes each attached to a wall.
• the inner wall of the composite elements is advantageously covered on its outer side with a fourth layer acting as a vapor barrier or a vapor barrier.
• a fourth layer acting as a vapor barrier or a vapor barrier.
• the cavities or cavities between the walls and the spacers of the composite elements are advantageously occupied by a thermal or acoustic insulation comprising foam, cellular concrete elements or argex etc., or by concrete or by a combination (consisting of several materials with different functions).
• Another object of the invention is a wall, at least a part of which is made using the system according to the invention described above.
• It is also an object of the invention another modular construction system for producing walls comprising composite elements of modular construction intended to be arranged substantially horizontally next to one another and substantially vertically next to one another.
• Each element consists of a laminated structure glued in at least three layers, the intermediate layer which is bearing has a high compressive strength and a high dimensional stability with respect to moisture.
• the layers adjacent to the intermediate layer may consist of wood essences, agglomerates or other materials (composites, recycled, cellular concrete, etc.), which may be identical or different.
• This construction system finds applications for example for the construction of garden houses, facing walls to lean against an existing wall, partition walls etc.
• the elements of the second building system according to the invention comprise vertical passages forming ducts. These are similar to those of the first building system.
• Another object of the invention is a wall, at least a part of which is made using the second building system according to the invention.
• Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a wall in progress made with the aid of the construction system according to the invention
• Fig.2 shows a perspective view of a composite member
• Fig.3 shows a cross section of two superposed elements provided on their outer wall with a drip
• Fig.3A shows a detail of Fig.3
• Fig.4 shows a plan view of a composite element
• Fig.5 shows an exploded view of a non-reversible spacer assembly
• Fig.6 shows an element provided with its securing rods
• Fig. 1 shows a wall 2 made with the construction system according to the invention.
• the wall 2 comprises elements 3 of laminated wood construction arranged next to each other and one above the other staggered.
• the elements 3 each comprise an outer wall 4 and an inner wall 6 bonded by two perpendicular spacers 8. The spacers align vertically and form with the outer walls 4 and inner 3 cells 10.
• Each of the walls 4 and 6 and spacers 8 is composed of a sandwich comprising at least a first layer (14A, 14B, 14C) an intermediate layer (16A, 16B, 16C) and a third layer (18A, 18B, 18C) .
• the walls 4 and 6 are horizontally joined together by dovetails and vertically by tongue and groove (see Fig. 3).
• the spacers 8 are assembled to each other horizontally by dovetails and vertically by groove and tongue.
• FIG. 2 is shown an individual composite element 3.
• FIG. 3 In FIG. 3 are shown two elements 3 superimposed.
• a groove 12 serving as a drip trap is arranged at the bottom of the outer layer 14A of the outer wall 4 of the upper element and cooperates with a chamfer 13 located on the layer 14A of the lower element, to evacuate the water rain.
• the butterflies 15A of the intermediate layer 16A are shifted outwardly to prevent rainwater from entering the outer wall 4.
• Fig. 3A shows a detail of Fig.3.
• a partial overlap of the chamfer 13 by the layer 14A of the upper element 3 forms a baffle 11 preventing the penetration of water brought by the wind if necessary.
• FIG. 4 which is a plan view of the element 3
• a sealing layer 28 acting as a vapor barrier or vapor barrier protecting the filling material (for example thermal insulation) contained in the cells 10, the diffusion of humidity.
• position 26 are located cylindrical passages forming the ducts which are arranged not shown in the intermediate layer 16B near the inner surface of the wall 2.
• Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the element 3 which illustrates the principle of the non-reversible assembly of the spacers 8 to the walls 4 and 6.
• the protrusions 32A / grooves 30A are obviously longer than the projections 32B / grooves 30B so that incorrect assembly of the spacers 8 would be immediately visible.
• Fig. 6 shows the first passages 22A, 22B and 23 of the rods in which they will be slid to then fix them in second passages (not shown) extending the first in the underlying elements.
• the successive rows of elements 3 are thus connected by two. This measure limits the deformation of the elements due to the pressure and thus guarantees a better seal.
• the construction system according to the invention also allows to obtain directly after mounting the finished walls internally and externally.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=39745531

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• 2008
  • 2008-02-14 BE BE2008/0087A patent/BE1017998A3/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2009
  • 2009-02-16 EP EP09709513A patent/EP2260155A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-02-16 WO PCT/EP2009/051800 patent/WO2009101203A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2009-02-16 EA EA201001294A patent/EA016598B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2009-02-16 CA CA2713657A patent/CA2713657A1/fr not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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