EP2257749B1 - Kühlsystem und betriebsverfahren dafür - Google Patents

Kühlsystem und betriebsverfahren dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2257749B1
EP2257749B1 EP09713379.7A EP09713379A EP2257749B1 EP 2257749 B1 EP2257749 B1 EP 2257749B1 EP 09713379 A EP09713379 A EP 09713379A EP 2257749 B1 EP2257749 B1 EP 2257749B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
collecting container
compressor
refrigerating system
condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09713379.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2257749A2 (de
Inventor
Bernd Heinbokel
Christian Douven
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Priority to EP09713379.7A priority Critical patent/EP2257749B1/de
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2009/001060 external-priority patent/WO2009103469A2/en
Publication of EP2257749A2 publication Critical patent/EP2257749A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2257749B1 publication Critical patent/EP2257749B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0409—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/16—Receivers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/19—Pumping down refrigerant from one part of the cycle to another part of the cycle, e.g. when the cycle is changed from cooling to heating, or before a defrost cycle is started
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
    • F25B2500/222—Detecting refrigerant leaks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/04—Refrigerant level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/02—Subcoolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit

Definitions

  • the invention is directed to a refrigerating system, and to a method for operating a refrigerating system.
  • refrigerating systems include a refrigerating cycle having a compressor, a condenser, a collecting container, an expansion valve, an evaporator and refrigerating circuits circulating a refrigerant like fluorocarbon or chlorofluorocarbon therethrough.
  • refrigerants are often harmful to the environment, and thus it has become obligatory to monitor the amount of such refrigerants in refrigerating systems in predetermined intervals in order to document the leak tightness of such refrigerating systems and to detect existing leaks at an early stage.
  • the amount of refrigerant contained in the collecting container can be measured, but such measurements are often inaccurate, and the deviation of the measured amount of refrigerant from the actual amount is often about 3% - 6% which is too much having regard that according to the so-called "F-Gase Verix" leakage ratios of 2% per year may not be ex-ceeded.
  • A2 compressors supply a primary air-cooled condenser which is followed by an indirect heat exchanger, a liquid receiver and a second indirect heat exchanger acting as a refrigerant sub-cooler.
  • a pump supplies sub-cooled refrigerant to remote cooling devices and a bypass line is provided to recirculate a proportion of the refrigerant through the sub-cooler, thereby maintaining a flow of cooled refrigerant in the distribution network even when there is no cooling demand.
  • the distribution and return pipes are enclosed within a common temperature environment provided by a thermal insulation sheath. Secondary cooling circuits operate off-peak to create pumpable ice slurry in an ice store which is used to cool the indirect heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger acts as an additional condenser under hot ambient conditions.
  • Systems are also described in which the ice store is eliminated with direct heat exchange between the primary and secondary cooling systems, and in which the cooling devices are supplied through a cooling loop containing an indirectly-cooled non-hydrocarbon heat exchange medium.
  • WO 2006/099378 A1 shows an HVAC system having a main circuit and a sub-cooler circuit.
  • the main circuit includes a main circuit evaporator, a main circuit expansion device, a main circuit condenser and a main circuit compressor connected in a closed refrigerant loop.
  • the subcooler circuit includes a subcooler evaporator, a subcooler expansion device a subcooler condenser and a subcooler compressor connected in a closed refrigerant loop.
  • the subcooler evaporator is arranged and disposed to exchange heat between liquid refrigerant in the main circuit and the refrigerant in the subcooler circuit to cool the liquid refrigerant in the main circuit prior to entering the main circuit evaporator.
  • the operation of the subcooler circuit provides an increased cooling capacity per unit of a mass flow of cooling fluid through the main circuit condenser and subcooler condenser for the HVAC system with a predetermined design efficiency.
  • EP1143209 A1 shows a refrigerating system using a pump-down operation in order to trap the refrigerant in the receiver of the high pressure side.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the invention include a refrigerating system according to independent claim 1 and a method determining the amount of refrigerant within a refrigerating system according to independent claims 8 and 9. Embodiments of the invention are described in greater detail below with reference to the figures, wherein:
  • Figure 1 shows a first refrigerating system 2, which is not part of the claimed invention, comprising a main refrigerating cycle and a by-pass line 20 having a by-pass valve 22 arranged therein.
  • the main refrigerating cycle comprises, in flowing direction of the refrigerant, a compressor 4, a condenser 6, an optional nonreturn valve 8, a collecting container 10 provided with a capacitive refrigerant fill level measuring unit 12, a solenoid valve 14, an expansion valve 16, an evaporator 18 and refrigerating circuits connecting these elements and circulating a refrigerant therethrough.
  • the condenser 6 is provided with two fans flowing air over the surface of the condenser for effecting heat exchange between the air and the refrigerant flowing through the condenser 6.
  • the condenser 6 can be supplied with at least one fan or an arbitrary number of fans.
  • the air flowing over the surface of the condenser 6 is heated, wherein the refrigerant flowing through the condenser 6 is condensed/liquefied.
  • the evaporator 18 is provided with a fan for effecting heat exchange between the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator 18 and the air flowing over the surface of the evaporator 18.
  • the evaporator 18 can be supplied with at least one fan or an arbitrary number of fans. In particular, the air flowing over the surface of the evaporator 18 is cooled whereas the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator 18 is heated and evaporated.
  • condensed liquid refrigerant collects in the lower part thereof, wherein gaseous refrigerant is present in its upper part, which is also referenced as gas space of the collecting container 10.
  • the bypass line 20 connects the gas space of the collecting container 10, particularly the top of the collecting container 10 with the suction line of the compressor 4.
  • the bypass valve 22 which can be a solenoid valve or any other appropriate valve, the bypass line 20 can be opened or closed.
  • the compressor 4, the valves 14 and 22 and preferably also the fans of the condenser 6 and the evaporator 18 are controlled by a control unit (not shown).
  • control unit switches the refrigerating system 2 from normal operation to refrigerant collecting operation as follows:
  • the bypass valve 22 is opened, and gaseous refrigerant flows from the gas space of the collecting container 10 to the compressor 4, where it is compressed and led to the condenser 6.
  • the condenser 6 is heated with hot gaseous refrigerant and the remaining portion of liquid refrigerant in the condenser 6 is evaporated and flows to the collecting container 10.
  • the high-pressure portion of the first refrigerating cycle 2 is formed by the portion between the compressor 4 and the expansion device 16. It is a physical phenomenon applied by the inventor to the refrigating system and method according to the invention that refrigerant is always led to the coldest place within the cycle.
  • the performance of the compressor 4 can be reduced.
  • the fill level of the refrigerant in the collecting container 10 can be measured by the capacitive refrigerant fill level measuring unit 12 and such measurement produces a very precise and reliable result.
  • the capacitive refrigerant fill level measuring unit 12 is especially pressure and temperature compensated.
  • the collecting container 10 could be set to a defined pressure or temperature as well.
  • the refrigerant fill level measuring unit 12 is of capacitive kind.
  • other methods and devices for measuring the refrigerant fill level within the collecting container 10 can also be provided.
  • the deviation of the actual amount of refrigerant contained in the first refrigerating system 2 from the measured amount of refrigerant collected in the collecting container 10, especially the amount of gaseous refrigerant that remains in the refrigerant conduits and in the condenser 6 is negligible and can be calculated.
  • the optional non-return valve 8 which can also be omitted a backflow of refrigerant into the condenser 6 is avoided when performing the refrigerant collecting operation.
  • control unit switches the first refrigerant system 2 into the normal operation mode again by closing the bypass valve 22 and by opening the shut off valve 14 again. In case the performance of the compressor 4 has been reduced, it is again increased to normal performance.
  • Fig. 1 In the refrigerating system of Fig. 1 only one compressor 4, one condenser 6 and one evaporator 18 are depicted. As a matter of course, also a set of compressors, a plurality of condensers, a plurality of expansion valves and a plurality of evaporators can be provided.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a refrigerating system 24 according to a first embodiment of the invention comprising the main refrigerant cycle according to the first refrigerant system 2 and further comprising a liquefying set 34 for cooling gaseous refrigerant from the collecting container 10.
  • the liquefying set 34 comprises an additional compressor 36, an additional condenser 38, an additional expansion device 40 and a heat exchanger 28 being connected to a gaseous refrigerant line 26 coming from the gas space of the collecting container 10 and to a liquid refrigerant return line 30 connecting to the collecting container 10.
  • a siphon 32 can be arranged within the liquid refrigerant return line 30.
  • the collecting container 10 is cooled in order to become the coldest place on the high-pressure side of the second refrigerating system 24.
  • the compressor 4, the condenser 6, the solenoid valve 14, the evaporator 18, the additional compressor 36 and the additional condenser 38 are controlled by a control unit (not shown).
  • control unit switches the refrigerating system 24 from normal operation to refrigerant collecting operation as follows:
  • the compressor 4 and the condenser 6 are stopped and the liquefying set 34, particularly its additional compressor 36 and its additional condenser 38, is/are started.
  • the liquefying set 34 can also be started during suck-off operation of the refrigerant remaining in the portion of the refrigerating cycle between the solenoid valve 14 and the compressor 4.
  • the collecting container 10 becomes the coldest place on the high-pressure side, the evaporating pressure and, respectively, temperature of the refrigerant within the condenser 6 is reduced significantly below the ambient temperature thus the remaining portion of liquid refrigerant within the condenser 6 is evaporated and led completely into the collecting container 10.
  • the fill level of the refrigerant in the collecting container 10 can be measured by the capacitive refrigerant fill level measuring unit 12, and such measurement produces a very precise and reliable result.
  • the amount of gaseous refrigerant remaining in the rest of the second refrigerating system 24 is negligible and can be determined by calculation.
  • the control unit stops the operation of the liquefying set 34 and switches the second refrigerating system 24 into the normal operation mode again by opening the solenoid valve 14 and by starting the compressor 4, the condenser 6 and the evaporator 18 again.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a second refrigerating system 42 according to a second embodiment of the invention comprising the main refrigerating cycle according to the first refrigerating system 2 and further comprising a liquefying set 44.
  • the liquefying set 44 of Fig. 3 is connected directly to the collecting container 10 without the provision of a heat exchanger.
  • a gaseous refrigerant line 46 connects the gas space of the collecting container 10, particularly the top portion of the collecting container 10 with the additional compressor 48 and forms its suction line
  • the liquid refrigerant return line 54 connects the expansion device 52 to the collecting container 10.
  • the liquid refrigerant return line 54 also comprises a siphon 56 arranged therein.
  • the input lines of both siphons 32 and 56 of Figs. 2 and 3 are on a higher level as compared to their output lines.
  • the control unit switches it from normal operation into refrigerant collecting operation as follows:
  • valves 14 and 16 can be formed as a respective common valve 14, for example as electronic expansion valve. In this case the valve 16 can be omitted.
  • the methods for collecting refrigerant in the refrigerating systems as described with respect to Fig. 2 and 3 can be combined as well. Particularly the collecting container 10 can be placed close to the condenser 6 and also outside.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the invention allow for a precise measurement of the refrigerant actually contained in the refrigerating system.
  • the refrigerating systems according to the embodiments of the invention, as described above are suitable for use with any refrigerant, especially with fluorocarbon or chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants.
  • the automated monitoring can be effected easily and reliably by the refrigerating system.
  • the efforts needed for such monitoring are substantially reduced, and leakages in the refrigerating cycle can be detected at an early stage.
  • the switching between normal operation and refrigerant collecting operation and the actual measurement can be effected very fast.
  • the elements of the refrigerating system may be positioned in an arbitrary environment, in one embodiment of the invention, the collecting container can be positioned near the condenser, especially outdoor.
  • the control unit can by any kind of control or computer being capable of controlling the above mentioned elements.
  • the collecting container becomes the coldest place within the high-pressure portion of the refrigerating system, and the evaporating pressure and, respectively, temperature within the condenser is controlled such that the remaining portion of liquid refrigerant in the collecting container is evaporated and led into the collecting container.
  • all liquid refrigerant in the refrigerating system is collected in the collecting container and can be reliably measured.
  • the amount of remaining gaseous refrigerant in the rest of the refrigerating system is negligible and can be determined by calculation if desired.
  • shut off valves can be solenoid valves or any other valves having an arbitrary control or drive and being capable of interrupting and reassuming refrigerant flow within a refrigerant conduit.
  • the switching operation of the shut off valve or the shut off valves is controlled by the control unit. Particularly such control unit controls all existing shut off valves.
  • the collecting container is provided with a refrigerant fill level measuring unit, which can be formed as capacitive measuring unit measuring a floater swimming at the surface of the liquid refrigerant collecting in the collecting container.
  • a refrigerant fill level measuring unit which can be formed as capacitive measuring unit measuring a floater swimming at the surface of the liquid refrigerant collecting in the collecting container.
  • Other refrigerant fill level measuring units can be employed as well.
  • the refrigerating system and the method for its operation according to embodiments of the invention, as described above, are suitable in combination with any compression cycle effecting refrigeration of the evaporator/cold consumers at temperatures of above 0 degrees Celsius and freezing temperatures of below 0 degrees Celsius.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Kühlsystem (24; 42), umfassend:
    einen Kühlkreislauf mit einem Kompressor (4), einem Kondensator (6), einem Sammelbehälter (10), der mit einer Kältemittelfüllstandsmesseinheit (12) versehen ist, einer Expansionseinrichtung (16), einem Verdampfer (18) und Kühlleitungen , durch die ein Kältemittel zirkuliert;
    ein Ventil (14), das in Strömungsrichtung vor dem Verdampfer (18) angeordnet ist;
    einen Verflüssigungssatz (34; 44), der mit dem Sammelbehälter (10) verbunden ist;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kühlsystem eine Steuereinheit aufweist, die im Betrieb ein Umschalten zwischen einem Normalbetrieb des Kühlkreislaufs und einem Kältemittelsammelbetrieb zulässt, in dem das Ventil (14), das in Strömungsrichtung vor dem Verdampfer (18) angeordnet ist, geschlossen ist;
    das Kältemittel, das zwischen dem Ventil (14) und dem Kompressor (4) verblieben ist, von dem Kompressor (4) abgesaugt wird;
    der Betrieb des Kompressors (4) gestoppt wird; und
    der Verflüssigungssatz (34; 44) den Sammelbehälter (10) kühlt, sodass dieser die kälteste Stelle auf der Hochdruckseite des Kühlsystems (24; 42) wird, und den Druck und die Temperatur in dem Kondensator (6) unter die Umgebungstemperatur senkt und dadurch das verbleibende flüssige Kältemittel im Kondensator (6) verdampfen lässt und es zum Sammelbehälter (10) leitet, um eine Bestimmung der Menge an Kältemittel im Kühlsystem (24; 42) zuzulassen, indem der Kältemittelfüllstand im Sammelbehälter (10) gemessen wird.
  2. Kühlsystem (42) nach Anspruch 1,
    wobei der Verflüssigungssatz (44) einen weiteren Kompressor (48), einen weiteren Kondensator (50) und eine weitere Expansionseinrichtung (52) umfasst, und
    wobei im Kältemittelsammelbetrieb gasförmiges Kältemittel durch den weiteren Kompressor (48) aus dem Gasraum des Sammelbehälters (10) gesaugt wird, von dem weiteren Kondensator (48) kondensiert wird und wieder in den Flüssigkeitsraum des Sammelbehälters (10) geleitet wird.
  3. Kühlsystem (42) nach Anspruch 2,
    wobei ein Siphon (56) in der Rückführleitung (54) für flüssiges Kältemittel des Verflüssigungssatzes (44) vorgesehen ist.
  4. Kühlsystem (24) nach Anspruch 1,
    wobei der Verflüssigungssatz (34) mittels eines Wärmetauschers (28) mit dem Sammelbehälter (10) verbunden ist.
  5. Kühlsystem (24) nach Anspruch 4,
    wobei der Verflüssigungssatz (34) einen weiteren Kompressor (36), einen weiteren Kondensator (38) und eine weitere Expansionseinrichtung (40) umfasst.
  6. Kühlsystem (24) nach Anspruch 4 oder 5,
    wobei im Kältemittelsammelbetrieb gasförmiges Kältemittel aus dem Gasraum des Sammelbehälters (10) durch eine Leitung (26) für gasförmiges Kältemittel zum Wärmetauscher (28) strömt, in dem Wärmetauscher (28) gegen das Kältemittel des Verflüssigungssatzes (34) kondensiert wird und durch die Rückführleitung (30) für flüssiges Kältemittel zurück in den Flüssigkeitsraum des Sammelbehälters (10) geleitet wird.
  7. Kühlsystem (24) nach Anspruch 6,
    wobei ein Siphon (32) in der Rückführleitung (30) für flüssiges Kältemittel des Verflüssigungssatzes (34) vorgesehen ist.
  8. Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Menge an Kältemittel in einem Kühlsystem (24; 42), wobei das Kühlsystem (24; 42) einen Kühlkreislauf mit einem Kompressor (4), einem Kondensator (6), einem Sammelbehälter (10), einer Expansionseinrichtung (16), einem Verdampfer (18) und Kühlleitungen umfasst, durch die ein Kältemittel zirkuliert, wobei das Verfahren folgende Schritte umfasst:
    (a) Schließen eines Ventils (14), das in Strömungsrichtung vor dem Verdampfer (18) angeordnet ist;
    (b) Absaugen des Kältemittels, das zwischen dem Ventil (14) und dem Kompressor (4) verblieben ist, durch den Kompressor (4);
    wobei das Verfahren durch folgende Schritte gekennzeichnet ist:
    (c) Stoppen des Kompressors (4) und Starten eines Verflüssigungssatzes (34; 44), der mit dem Behälter (10) verbunden ist;
    (d) Betreiben des Verflüssigungssatzes (34; 44) und dadurch Kühlen des Sammelbehälters (10), sodass dieser die kälteste Stelle auf der Hochdruckseite des Kühlsystems (24; 42) wird, und Reduzieren des Drucks und der Temperatur in dem Kondensator (6) unter die Umgebungstemperatur, derart, dass verbleibendes flüssiges Kältemittel im Kondensator (6) verdampft und in den Sammelbehälter (10) geleitet wird; und
    (e) Bestimmen der Menge an Kältemittel in dem Kühlsystem (24; 42) durch Messen des Kältemittelfüllstands in dem Sammelbehälter (10);
    wobei die Schritte in der Reihenfolge (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) ausgeführt werden.
  9. Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Menge an Kältemittel in einem Kühlsystem (24; 42), wobei das Kühlsystem (2) einen Kühlkreislauf mit einem Kompressor (4), einem Kondensator (6), einem Sammelbehälter (10), einer Expansionseinrichtung (16), einem Verdampfer (18) und Kühlleitungen umfasst, durch die ein Kältemittel zirkuliert, wobei das Verfahren folgende Schritte umfasst:
    (a) Schließen eines Ventils (14), das in Strömungsrichtung vor dem Verdampfer (18) angeordnet ist;
    (b) Absaugen des Kältemittels, das zwischen dem Ventil (14) und dem Kompressor (4) verblieben ist, durch den Kompressor (4);
    wobei das Verfahren durch folgende Schritte gekennzeichnet ist:
    (c) während des Schritts (a) oder (b) Betreiben des Verflüssigungssatzes (34; 44), der mit dem Behälter (10) verbunden ist, und dadurch Kühlen des Sammelbehälters (10), sodass dieser die kälteste Stelle auf der Hochdruckseite des Kühlsystems (24; 42) wird, und Reduzieren des Drucks und der Temperatur in dem Kondensator (6) unter die Umgebungstemperatur, derart, dass das verbleibende flüssige Kältemittel im Kondensator (6) verdampft und in den Sammelbehälter (10) geleitet wird;
    (d) Stoppen des Kompressors (4); und
    (e) Bestimmen der Menge an Kältemittel in dem Kühlsystem (24; 42) durch Messen des Kältemittelfüllstands in dem Sammelbehälter (10),
    wobei die Schritte in der Reihenfolge (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) ausgeführt werden.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9,
    ferner umfassend den Schritt des Bewirkens von Wärmeaustausch, zwischen Kältemittel aus dem Sammelbehälter (10) und dem expandierten Kältemittel des Verflüssigungssatzes (34), in einem Wärmetauscher (28).
EP09713379.7A 2008-02-22 2009-02-16 Kühlsystem und betriebsverfahren dafür Not-in-force EP2257749B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09713379.7A EP2257749B1 (de) 2008-02-22 2009-02-16 Kühlsystem und betriebsverfahren dafür

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP2008001416 2008-02-22
EP09713379.7A EP2257749B1 (de) 2008-02-22 2009-02-16 Kühlsystem und betriebsverfahren dafür
PCT/EP2009/001060 WO2009103469A2 (en) 2008-02-22 2009-02-16 Refrigerating system and method for operating the same

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EP2257749A2 EP2257749A2 (de) 2010-12-08
EP2257749B1 true EP2257749B1 (de) 2017-07-26

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3438566B1 (de) * 2017-08-02 2022-04-13 Heatcraft Refrigeration Products LLC Wärmespeicherung eines kohlenstoffdioxidsystems für stromausfall
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WO2023084127A1 (en) * 2021-11-15 2023-05-19 Maersk Container Industry A/S Refrigeration system and method of determining a state of charge of refrigerant therein
EP4286773A1 (de) * 2022-06-01 2023-12-06 Carrier Corporation Transportkühleinheit und verfahren zur messung der kühlmittelmenge darin

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EP3438566B1 (de) * 2017-08-02 2022-04-13 Heatcraft Refrigeration Products LLC Wärmespeicherung eines kohlenstoffdioxidsystems für stromausfall
US11441827B2 (en) 2018-02-27 2022-09-13 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant leak detection system and method
US11747065B2 (en) 2018-02-27 2023-09-05 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant leak detection system and method

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