EP2255928B1 - Machine tool - Google Patents
Machine tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2255928B1 EP2255928B1 EP10163029.1A EP10163029A EP2255928B1 EP 2255928 B1 EP2255928 B1 EP 2255928B1 EP 10163029 A EP10163029 A EP 10163029A EP 2255928 B1 EP2255928 B1 EP 2255928B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- impact
- recess
- sealing element
- power tool
- tool according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
- B25D11/005—Arrangements for adjusting the stroke of the impulse member or for stopping the impact action when the tool is lifted from the working surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
- B25D11/06—Means for driving the impulse member
- B25D11/12—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a crank mechanism
- B25D11/125—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a crank mechanism with a fluid cushion between the crank drive and the striking body
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
- B25D17/06—Hammer pistons; Anvils ; Guide-sleeves for pistons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2211/00—Details of portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
- B25D2211/003—Crossed drill and motor spindles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2217/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
- B25D2217/0011—Details of anvils, guide-sleeves or pistons
- B25D2217/0023—Pistons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/035—Bleeding holes, e.g. in piston guide-sleeves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/131—Idling mode of tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/345—Use of o-rings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/365—Use of seals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a machine tool for chiselling and optionally for drilling, in particular a hand tool.
- a motor-driven pneumatic percussion in a hand tool should deploy a chiselling effect as soon as possible when placed on a workpiece.
- the strokes of the impact mechanism go into the void and the energy of the shocks is transferred into damping elements and a housing of the power tool.
- the resulting increased burden of the power tool and the user should be avoided by switching off the pneumatic percussion.
- US 3,688,848 describes a power tool according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein a striking mechanism with a cup-shaped exciter cylinder, which is driven by a motor and in which a percussion piston is coupled by means of an air spring to the driven movement of the exciter cylinder.
- the percussion piston surrounds a sealing ring, which seals with an inner wall of the exciter cylinder.
- An axially limited recess in the inner wall allows when sweeping the recess through the sealing ring an air inflow into the air spring.
- the sealing ring passes in the axial direction of a ventilation hole in the exciter cylinder when a striker and the tool are disengaged from a normal position.
- a pneumatic percussion with a pot-shaped exciter cylinder requires a high accuracy of fit moving elements, ie guide tube; Exciter cylinder and flying piston to ensure a largely airtight seal through the adjacent walls of the respective elements.
- the elements must have sufficient mechanical stability, in particular during the striking operation.
- One object consists in a pneumatic impact mechanism with an improved mechanical stability, which enables a reliable switching on and off of the percussion mechanism.
- the machine tool includes a pneumatic striking mechanism which has a cup-shaped exciter cylinder with an open interior in the direction of impact and a movable in the interior of the air piston. In a shell-shaped wall of the interior, a recess and spaced from the recess in the direction of impact at least one ventilation opening are provided.
- the flying mass includes a sealing element which seals the at least one ventilation opening when the sealing element is opposite the at least one ventilation opening and which is spaced from the jacket-shaped wall in the region of the depression when the sealing element is opposite the recess.
- the sealing element seals a pneumatic space between the flying piston and the exciter cylinder.
- the sealing element touches the jacket-shaped wall of the interior.
- the recess allows venting to compensate for the air losses of the pneumatic space by air in the region of the wells can flow past a flying piston, during the period of time that faces the sealing element of the recess. Parasitic ventilation when the ventilation openings pass through the sealing element is prevented by the sealing element being designed to seal the ventilation openings.
- the depression has a depth which, in contrast to the ventilation openings, is less than a wall thickness of the exciter cylinder.
- the recess thus allows only a flow of air along the direction of impact.
- the ventilation openings are designed to allow a flow of air in the radial direction, substantially perpendicular to the impact direction.
- a dimension of the recess is greater than a dimension of the at least one ventilation opening.
- the dimensions, i. the width, are each determined along the direction of impact.
- the width of the recess may for example be at least twice as large as the width of the ventilation opening.
- the recess is annular.
- An annular recess leads to an axially symmetrical weakening. It turns out that acting forces up The exciter cylinder can thereby advantageously lead to only a slight change in its shape and its accuracy of fit.
- An embodiment provides that at least three, preferably at least four or at least eight of the ventilation openings are arranged in a plane perpendicular to the direction of impact.
- the ventilation openings can be arranged in the same angular distribution about an axis of the impact mechanism to allow a more dimensionally stable structure.
- the ventilation openings may also be arranged in a plane or spirally.
- An embodiment provides that a drive for periodic movement of the excitation cylinder is provided by a lifting height along the direction of impact and a distance of the recess to the at least one ventilation opening is less than half the lifting height.
- the pneumatic space can already be vented immediately with a blank.
- the exciter cylinder is typically still advanced in its in the direction of impact far advanced position and the flying piston on the normal point of impact.
- the movable air piston has an air channel for connecting sides, which are opposite in the direction of impact, of the air piston, which is interrupted by the sealing element.
- the machine tool has a guide tube, within which the exciter cylinder is movably arranged, wherein the guide tube has an outlet opening with a front edge in the direction of impact, wherein at a dead stop the sealing element in the direction of impact behind the front edge and in striking position in front of the front edge is.
- An air flow through the vent opening can be designed depending on the relative position of the flying piston to a guide tube. The opening and closing depending on the relative position can be used especially for a targeted ventilation after a blank or to start the pneumatic percussion.
- Fig. 1 shows an exemplary machine tool 10 designed for a beating and optionally for an additional rotating operation.
- the machine tool 10 is preferably a hand tool that can be held by a user with one or two hands.
- the machine tool 10 may be guided by means of a carriage (not shown).
- a pneumatic impact mechanism 12 Within a machine housing 11 of the machine tool 10, a pneumatic impact mechanism 12, a drive train 13 and a motor 14, preferably an electric motor, are arranged.
- the drive train 13 converts a rotary motion of the motor 14 into a linear movement for exciting the impact mechanism 12.
- the drive train 13 may for this example include an eccentric 15 or a wobble drive.
- An embodiment of the pneumatic impact mechanism 12 is shown as a partial section in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 shown.
- an exciter cylinder 21 is movably arranged, within which in turn a flying mass 22 is arranged to be movable.
- the exciter cylinder 21 is forced by the drive train 13 to a periodic linear movement along a striking axis 24.
- the flying mass 22 is coupled to the periodic movement of the excitation cylinder 21 via a pneumatic space 25, which is completed by the flying mass 22 and the exciter cylinder 21.
- the flying mass 22 is accelerated as a result of periodically in the direction of impact 26 and strikes in striking operation on a striking surface 27 which, depending on the design of the machine tool 10 by an inserted tool or as shown by an anvil 28 is defined.
- the exciter cylinder 21 has a joint 30 for attachment to the drive train 13 at a front end in the direction of impact 26.
- the exciter cylinder 21 has a pot shape.
- An interior 31 of the exciter cylinder 21 is open in the direction of impact 26.
- the interior 31 has a cylindrical shape with a longitudinal direction of the impact direction 26 constant cross section, preferably with a circular cross section.
- a recess 32 is introduced in the shell-shaped wall 39 of the interior 31 in the shell-shaped wall 39 of the interior 31 .
- the cross section of the interior 31 is enlarged by a depth 33.
- the recess 32 may in one embodiment annularly surround the entire interior 31.
- the recess 32 is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the impact direction 26.
- the recess 32 has a width 34, that is, a dimension along the direction of impact 26, which is selected depending on the design of the flying piston 22.
- a plurality, at least three, for example, at least four, at least six, ventilation openings 35 are introduced into the exciter cylinder 21.
- Fig. 4 shows a section through the exciter cylinder 21 in the plane AA.
- the ventilation openings 35 extend from the inner space 31 to the guide tube 20.
- a depth 36 of the ventilation openings 35 corresponds to the distance of the inner space 31 to the guide tube 20.
- the ventilation openings 35 are preferably closed over their entire depth 36 in the direction of impact 26.
- a width 37, that is, a dimension along the direction of impact 26, the ventilation openings 35 is less than the width 34 of the recess 32, preferably less than half the width 34 of the recess 32nd
- the ventilation openings 35 may be introduced in a plurality of mutually parallel planes. Preferably, at least three, e.g. at least four, at least six ventilation openings 35 are provided.
- the parallel planes are spaced apart in the direction of impact 26 at least by the width 37 of the ventilation openings 35, preferably by twice the width 37 of the ventilation openings.
- a distance 38 between the recess 32 and the ventilation openings 35 is selected as a function of the forced movement of the exciter cylinder 21.
- the exciter cylinder 21 is moved by the drive train 13 along the direction of impact 26 with a maximum deflection, a lifting height.
- the distance 38 is less than half the lifting height, preferably less than 30% of the lifting height.
- the flying mass 22 has a substantially cylindrical shape, which is adapted to the inner space 31 of the exciter cylinder 21.
- An outer cross section of the flying piston 22 is only slightly smaller than a cross section of the inner space 31, so that a sliding, largely airtight guidance of the flying piston 22 within the exciter cylinder 21 is achieved.
- a channel 50 is introduced, which connects a front in the direction of impact 26 surface 51 with a rear end 26 in the direction of impact 26 of the flying piston 22.
- the channel 50 may be formed as shown in the form of a longitudinal groove or as a bore.
- a sealing element 53 e.g. a sealing ring interrupts the channel 50.
- the sealing element 53 is arranged on an outer surface 54 of the flying piston 22. In the illustrated embodiment, the sealing ring spans the circumference of the flying piston 22.
- a width 55 and further dimensions of the sealing element 53 are selected so that the sealing element 53 does not touch the recess 32.
- the width 34 of the recess 32 may be, for example, twenty to thirty percent greater than the width 55 of the sealing element 53.
- the recess 32 and the sealing element 53 are preferably arranged such that a ventilation of the pneumatic space 25 occurs shortly before and / or after a blow of the flying piston 22 on the striking surface 27 in beating operation (impact position).
- Fig. 2 shows the impact position for the exemplary percussion mechanism 12. Shortly before and / or after denotes a period of time, which is preferably shorter than 5% of a duration between two beats.
- the width 55 of the sealing element 53 is further designed so that the sealing element 53 seals the ventilation opening 35, which currently faces the sealing element 53, i. when the sealing element 53 and the ventilation opening 35 lie in one plane.
- the width 37 of the ventilation opening 35 is less than 75% of the width 55 of the sealing element 53.
- the guide tube 20 has an inner cross section, which is adapted to the outer cross section of the exciter cylinder 21 such that a largely airtight, sliding movement of the exciter cylinder 21 is ensured within the guide tube 20.
- the excitation cylinder 21 is adapted to be air-tight to the guide tube 20.
- an outlet opening 60 is introduced in the wall of the guide tube 20 in the wall of the guide tube 20, an outlet opening 60 is introduced.
- the outlet opening 60 may be formed as shown a bore or as an open in the direction of impact 26 slot along an inner wall 61.
- the outlet opening 60 has a front edge 62 in the direction of impact 26.
- the position of the front edge 62 is selected such that in the striking position of the sealing element 53 in the direction of impact in front of the front edge 62.
- An air flow through the outlet opening 60 in the pneumatic chamber 26 is prevented regardless of the position of the exciter cylinder 21 due to the sealing element 53.
- the front edge 62 adjoins the sealing element 53 in the impact position.
- Fig. 3 shows a flying piston at a blank.
- the flying mass 22 has advanced far enough at a position between the striking position and the empty striking position that the sealing element 53 is arranged in the direction of impact behind the front edge 62.
- An air flow through the outlet opening 60 into the pneumatic space 25 can take place through the ventilation openings 35.
- an outer cross section of the exciter cylinder 21 at its rear end in the direction of impact 26 is less than an inner cross section of the guide tube 20.
- An additional ventilation opening 41 can connect the gap 40 with the interior 31 of the exciter cylinder 21.
- the additional ventilation opening 41 accordingly has a smaller depth 42 than the first-mentioned ventilation openings 35.
- a width 43 of the additional ventilation opening 41 is selected as a function of the design of the flying piston 22.
- the width 43 can be selected equal to the width 34 of the recess 32 or at least twice as large as the width 37 of the first-mentioned ventilation openings 35.
- a distance 44 of the additional ventilation opening 41 to the recess 32 is greater than half the lifting height.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Werkzeugmaschine zum Meißeln und optional zum Bohren, insbesondere eine Handwerkzeugmaschine.The present invention relates to a machine tool for chiselling and optionally for drilling, in particular a hand tool.
Ein motorgetriebenes pneumatisches Schlagwerk in einer Handwerkzeugmaschine soll beim Aufsetzen auf ein Werkstück möglichst sofort eine meißelnde Wirkung entfalten. Beim Abheben von dem Werkstück gehen die Schläge des Schlagwerks in die Leere und die Energie der Schläge wird in Dämpfelemente und ein Gehäuse der Handwerkzeugmaschine übertragen. Die hierdurch entstehende erhöhte Belastung der Handwerkzeugmaschine und des Anwenders soll durch ein Abschalten des pneumatischen Schlagwerks vermieden werden.A motor-driven pneumatic percussion in a hand tool should deploy a chiselling effect as soon as possible when placed on a workpiece. When lifting off the workpiece, the strokes of the impact mechanism go into the void and the energy of the shocks is transferred into damping elements and a housing of the power tool. The resulting increased burden of the power tool and the user should be avoided by switching off the pneumatic percussion.
Ein pneumatisches Schlagwerk mit einem topfförmigen Erregerzylinder erfordert eine hohe Passgenauigkeit ineinander bewegter Elemente, d.h. Führungsrohr; Erregerzylinder und Flugkolben, um einen weitgehend luftdichten Abschluss durch die aneinanderliegenden Wände der jeweiligen Elemente zu gewährleisten. Die Elemente müssen dafür eine ausreichende mechanische Stabilität, insbesondere während des schlagenden Betriebs, aufweisen.A pneumatic percussion with a pot-shaped exciter cylinder requires a high accuracy of fit moving elements, ie guide tube; Exciter cylinder and flying piston to ensure a largely airtight seal through the adjacent walls of the respective elements. For this purpose, the elements must have sufficient mechanical stability, in particular during the striking operation.
Eine Aufgabe besteht in einem pneumatischen Schlagwerk mit einer verbesserten mechanischen Stabilität, welches ein zuverlässiges Ein- und Abschalten des Schlagwerks ermöglicht.One object consists in a pneumatic impact mechanism with an improved mechanical stability, which enables a reliable switching on and off of the percussion mechanism.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die erfindungsgemässe Werkzeugmaschine gelöst. Die Werkzeugmaschine beinhaltet ein pneumatisches Schlagwerk das einen topfförmigen Erregerzylinder mit einem in Schlagrichtung offenen Innenraum und einen in dem Innenraum beweglichen Flugkolben aufweist. In einer mantelförmigen Wand des Innenraums sind eine Vertiefung und von der Vertiefung aus in Schlagrichtung beabstandet wenigstens eine Belüftungsöffnung vorgesehen. Der Flugkolben beinhaltet ein Dichtelement , das die wenigstens eine Belüftungsöffnung abdichtet, wenn das Dichtelement der wenigstens einen Belüftungsöffnung gegenüberliegt, und das im Bereich der Vertiefung von der mantelförmigen Wand beabstandet ist, wenn das Dichtelement der Vertiefung gegenüberliegt.This object is achieved by the inventive machine tool. The machine tool includes a pneumatic striking mechanism which has a cup-shaped exciter cylinder with an open interior in the direction of impact and a movable in the interior of the air piston. In a shell-shaped wall of the interior, a recess and spaced from the recess in the direction of impact at least one ventilation opening are provided. The flying mass includes a sealing element which seals the at least one ventilation opening when the sealing element is opposite the at least one ventilation opening and which is spaced from the jacket-shaped wall in the region of the depression when the sealing element is opposite the recess.
Das Dichtelement dichtet einen pneumatischen Raum zwischen dem Flugkolben und dem Erregerzylinder ab. Dazu berührt das Dichtelement die mantelförmige Wand des Innenraums. Die Vertiefung ermöglicht ein Belüften zum Ausgleich der Luftverluste des pneumatischen Raums, indem im Bereich der Vertiefungen Luft an einem Flugkolben vorbeiströmen kann, während der Zeitspanne, die das Dichtelement der Vertiefung gegenüberliegt. Eine parasitäre Belüftung bei einem Passieren der Belüftungsöffnungen durch das Dichtelement wird dadurch unterbunden, dass Dichtelement ausgelegt ist, die Belüftungsöffnungen abzudichten..The sealing element seals a pneumatic space between the flying piston and the exciter cylinder. For this purpose, the sealing element touches the jacket-shaped wall of the interior. The recess allows venting to compensate for the air losses of the pneumatic space by air in the region of the wells can flow past a flying piston, during the period of time that faces the sealing element of the recess. Parasitic ventilation when the ventilation openings pass through the sealing element is prevented by the sealing element being designed to seal the ventilation openings.
Die Vertiefung weist eine Tiefe auf, die im Gegensatz zu den Belüftungsöffnungen, geringer als eine Wandstärke des Erregerzylinders ist. Die Vertiefung erlaubt somit nur einen Luftstrom längs der Schlagrichtung. Die Belüftungsöffnungen sind konzipiert einen Luftstrom in radialer Richtung, im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Schlagrichtung zu ermöglichen.The depression has a depth which, in contrast to the ventilation openings, is less than a wall thickness of the exciter cylinder. The recess thus allows only a flow of air along the direction of impact. The ventilation openings are designed to allow a flow of air in the radial direction, substantially perpendicular to the impact direction.
Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, eine Abmessung der Vertiefung größer als eine Abmessung der wenigstens einen Belüftungsöffnung ist. Die Abmessungen, d.h. die Breite, werden jeweils längs der Schlagrichtung bestimmt. Die Breite der Vertiefung kann beispielsweise wenigstens doppelt so groß wie die Breite der Belüftungsöffnung gewählt werden.An embodiment provides that a dimension of the recess is greater than a dimension of the at least one ventilation opening. The dimensions, i. the width, are each determined along the direction of impact. The width of the recess may for example be at least twice as large as the width of the ventilation opening.
Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass die Vertiefung ringförmig ist. Eine ringförmige Vertiefung führt zu einer axial symmetrischen Schwächung. Es zeigt sich, dass einwirkende Kräfte auf den Erregerzylinder hierdurch vorteilhafterweise zu nur einer geringen Veränderung dessen Form und seiner Passgenauigkeit führen können.An embodiment provides that the recess is annular. An annular recess leads to an axially symmetrical weakening. It turns out that acting forces up The exciter cylinder can thereby advantageously lead to only a slight change in its shape and its accuracy of fit.
Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass wenigstens drei, vorzugsweise wenigstens vier oder wenigstens acht der Belüftungsöffnungen in einer Ebene senkrecht zu der Schlagrichtung angeordnet sind. Die Belüftungsöffnungen können in gleicher Winkelaufteilung um eine Achse des Schlagwerks angeordnet sein, um einen formstabileren Aufbau zu ermöglichen. Die Belüftungsöffnungen können ferner in einer Ebene oder spiralförmig angeordnet sein.An embodiment provides that at least three, preferably at least four or at least eight of the ventilation openings are arranged in a plane perpendicular to the direction of impact. The ventilation openings can be arranged in the same angular distribution about an axis of the impact mechanism to allow a more dimensionally stable structure. The ventilation openings may also be arranged in a plane or spirally.
Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass ein Antrieb zum periodischen Bewegung des Erregerzylinders um eine Hubhöhe entlang der Schlagrichtung vorgesehen ist und ein Abstand der Vertiefung zu der wenigstens einen Belüftungsöffnung geringer als die Hälfte der Hubhöhe ist. Der pneumatische Raum kann bereits unmittelbar bei einem Leerschlag belüftet werden. Der Erregerzylinder ist dabei typisch noch in seiner in Schlagrichtung weit vorgerückten Position und der Flugkolben über den normalen Schlagpunkt vorgerückt.An embodiment provides that a drive for periodic movement of the excitation cylinder is provided by a lifting height along the direction of impact and a distance of the recess to the at least one ventilation opening is less than half the lifting height. The pneumatic space can already be vented immediately with a blank. The exciter cylinder is typically still advanced in its in the direction of impact far advanced position and the flying piston on the normal point of impact.
Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass der beweglichen Flugkolben einen Luftkanal zum Verbinden von in Schlagrichtung gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Flugkolbens aufweist, der durch das Dichtelement unterbrochen ist.One embodiment provides that the movable air piston has an air channel for connecting sides, which are opposite in the direction of impact, of the air piston, which is interrupted by the sealing element.
Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass die Werkzeugmaschine ein Führungsrohr aufweist, innerhalb dessen der Erregerzylinder beweglich angeordnet ist, wobei das Führungsrohr eine Auslassöffnung mit einer in Schlagrichtung vorderen Kante aufweist, wobei bei einem Leerschlag das Dichtelement in Schlagrichtung hinter der vorderen Kante und in Schlagposition vor der vorderen Kante ist. Ein Luftstrom durch die Belüftungsöffnung kann abhängig von der relativen Stellung des Flugkolbens zu einem Führungsrohr konzipiert werden. Das Öffnen und Schließen in Abhängigkeit der relativen Stellung kann besonders für ein gezieltes Belüften nach einem Leerschlag oder zum Starten des pneumatischen Schlagwerks genutzt werden.An embodiment provides that the machine tool has a guide tube, within which the exciter cylinder is movably arranged, wherein the guide tube has an outlet opening with a front edge in the direction of impact, wherein at a dead stop the sealing element in the direction of impact behind the front edge and in striking position in front of the front edge is. An air flow through the vent opening can be designed depending on the relative position of the flying piston to a guide tube. The opening and closing depending on the relative position can be used especially for a targeted ventilation after a blank or to start the pneumatic percussion.
Die nachfolgende Beschreibung erläutert die Erfindung anhand von exemplarischen Ausführungsformen und Figuren. In den Figuren zeigen:
-
Fig. 1 eine Handwerkzeugmaschine, -
Fig. 2 ein pneumatisches Schlagwerk in Schlagstellung, -
Fig. 3 das pneumatische Schlagwerk bei einem Leerschlag und -
Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt durch den Erregerzylinder und darin befindlichen Flugkolben.
-
Fig. 1 a hand tool, -
Fig. 2 a pneumatic percussion in striking position, -
Fig. 3 the pneumatic percussion at a space and -
Fig. 4 a cross section through the exciter cylinder and contained therein flying pistons.
Gleiche oder funktionsgleiche Elemente werden durch gleiche Bezugszeichen in den Figuren indiziert, soweit nicht anders angegeben.Identical or functionally identical elements are indicated by the same reference numerals in the figures, unless stated otherwise.
Innerhalb eines Maschinengehäuses 11 der Werkzeugmaschine 10 sind ein pneumatisches Schlagwerk 12, ein Antriebsstrang 13 und ein Motor 14, vorzugsweise ein Elektromotor, angeordnet. Der Antriebsstrang 13 setzt eine Drehbewegung des Motors 14 in eine lineare Bewegung zum Anregen des Schlagwerks 12 um. Der Antriebsstrang 13 kann hierfür beispielsweise einen Exzenter 15 oder einen Taumelantrieb enthalten.Within a machine housing 11 of the
Eine Ausführungsform des pneumatischen Schlagwerks 12 ist als Teilschnitt in
Der Erregerzylinder 21 weist an einem in Schlagrichtung 26 vorderen Ende ein Gelenk 30 zum Anbinden an den Antriebsstrang 13 auf.The
Der Erregerzylinder 21 weist eine Topfform auf. Ein Innenraum 31 des Erregerzylinders 21 ist in Schlagrichtung 26 offen. Der Innenraum 31 weist eine zylindrische Gestalt mit einem längs der Schlagrichtung 26 gleich bleibenden Querschnitt, vorzugsweise mit einem kreisförmigen Querschnitt auf.The
In die mantelförmige Wand 39 des Innenraums 31 ist eine Vertiefung 32 eingebracht. Im Bereich der Vertiefung 32 ist der Querschnitt des Innenraums 31 um eine Tiefe 33 vergrößert. Die Vertiefung 32 kann in einer Ausgestaltung ringförmig den gesamten Innenraum 31 umspannen. Die Vertiefung 32 ist in einer Ebene senkrecht zu der Schlagrichtung 26 angeordnet. Die Vertiefung 32 weist eine Breite 34, das heißt eine Abmessung längs der Schlagrichtung 26, auf, die in Abhängigkeit der Ausgestaltung des Flugkolbens 22 gewählt ist.In the shell-shaped
In einer Ebene A-A, die parallel zu der Vertiefung 32 und in Schlagrichtung 26 hinter der Vertiefung 32 angeordnet ist, sind mehrere, wenigstens drei z.B. wenigstens vier, wenigstens sechs, Belüftungsöffnungen 35 in den Erregerzylinder 21 eingebracht.
In einer nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform können die Belüftungsöffnungen 35 in mehreren zueinander parallel angeordneten Ebenen eingebracht sein. Vorzugsweise sind in jeder der Ebenen wenigstens drei, z.B. wenigstens vier, wenigstens sechs Belüftungsöffnungen 35 vorgesehen. Die parallelen Ebenen sind in Schlagrichtung 26 wenigstens um die Breite 37 der Belüftungsöffnungen 35, vorzugsweise um das Doppelte in der Breite 37 der Belüftungsöffnungen, voneinander beabstandet.In one embodiment, not shown, the
Ein Abstand 38 zwischen der Vertiefung 32 und den Belüftungsöffnungen 35 ist in Abhängigkeit der erzwungenen Bewegung des Erregerzylinders 21 gewählt. Der Erregerzylinder 21 wird durch den Antriebsstrang 13 entlang der Schlagrichtung 26 mit einer maximalen Auslenkung, einer Hubhöhe, bewegt. Der Abstand 38 ist geringer als die Hälfte der Hubhöhe, vorzugsweise geringer als 30% der Hubhöhe.A
Der Flugkolben 22 weist eine im wesentlichen zylindrische Form auf, die an den Innenraum 31 des Erregerzylinders 21 angepasst ist. Ein äußerer Querschnitt des Flugkolbens 22 ist nur geringfügig kleiner als ein Querschnitt des Innenraums 31, so dass eine gleitende, weitgehend luftdichte Führung des Flugkolbens 22 innerhalb des Erregerzylinders 21 erreicht ist.The flying
In den Flugkolben 22 ist ein Kanal 50 eingebracht, der eine in Schlagrichtung 26 vordere Fläche 51 mit einer in Schlagrichtung 26 hinteren Fläche 52 des Flugkolbens 22 verbindet. Der Kanal 50 kann wie dargestellt in Form einer Längsnut oder als Bohrung ausgebildet sein. Ein Dichtelement 53, z.B. ein Dichtring, unterbricht den Kanal 50. Das Dichtelement 53 ist an einer Außenfläche 54 des Flugkolbens 22 angeordnet. In der dargestellten Ausführungsform umspannt der Dichtring den Umfang des Flugkolbens 22.In the
Eine Breite 55 und weitere Abmessungen des Dichtelements 53 sind so gewählt, dass das Dichtelement 53 die Vertiefung 32 nicht berührt. Die Breite 34 der Vertiefung 32 kann beispielsweise zwanzig bis dreißig Prozent größer als die Breite 55 des Dichtelements 53 sein. Wenn der Flugkolben 22 bei seiner Bewegung eine Stellung einnimmt, in welcher sein Dichtelement 53 und die Vertiefung 32 gegenüber, d.h. in einer Ebene liegen, kann Luft das Dichtelement 53 umströmen. Das Dichtelement 53 und die Vertiefung 32 bilden eine Ventileinrichtung, die in Abhängigkeit der Stellung des Flugkolbens 22 innerhalb des Erregerzylinders 21 eine Belüftung des pneumatischen Raums 25 ermöglicht. Die Vertiefung 32 und das Dichtelement 53 sind vorzugsweise derart angeordnet, dass eine Belüftung des pneumatischen Raums 25 kurz vor und/oder nach einem Schlag des Flugkolbens 22 auf die Schlagfläche 27 im schlagenden Betrieb (Schlagstellung) erfolgt.
Die Breite 55 des Dichtelements 53 ist ferner so ausgelegt, dass das Dichtelement 53 die Belüftungsöffnung 35 abdichtet, der das Dichtelement 53 momentan gegenüberliegt, d.h. wenn das Dichtelement 53 und die Belüftungsöffnung 35 in einer Ebene liegen. Die Breite 37 der Belüftungsöffnung 35 ist geringer als 75% der Breite 55 des Dichtelements 53.The
Das Führungsrohr 20 weist einen inneren Querschnitt auf, der an den äußeren Querschnitt des Erregerzylinders 21 derart angepasst ist, dass eine weitgehend luftdichte, gleitende Bewegung des Erregerzylinders 21 innerhalb des Führungsrohrs 20 gewährleistet ist. Insbesondere im Bereich der Belüftungsöffnungen 35 ist der Erregerzylinder 21 luftdicht an das Führungsrohr 20 angepasst.The
In die Wand des Führungsrohrs 20 ist eine Auslassöffnung 60 eingebracht. Die Auslassöffnung 60 kann wie dargestellt eine Bohrung oder als ein in Schlagrichtung 26 offener Schlitz entlang einer inneren Wand 61 ausgebildet sein. Die Auslassöffnung 60 weist eine in Schlagrichtung 26 vordere Kante 62 auf. Die Position der vorderen Kante 62 ist derart gewählt, dass in Schlagposition des Dichtelements 53 in Schlagrichtung vor der vorderen Kante 62 ist. Ein Luftstrom durch die Auslassöffnung 60 in den pneumatischen Raum 26 ist unabhängig von der Stellung des Erregerzylinders 21 aufgrund des Dichtelements 53 unterbunden. Vorzugsweise grenzt die vordere Kante 62 an das Dichtelement 53 in der Schlagstellung an.In the wall of the
Der Flugkolben 22 ist bei einer Stellung zwischen der Schlagposition und der Leerschlagposition soweit vorgerückt, dass das Dichtelement 53 in Schlagrichtung hinter der vorderen Kante 62 angeordnet ist. Ein Luftstrom durch die Auslassöffnung 60 in den pneumatischen Raum 25 kann durch die Belüftungsöffnungen 35 erfolgen.The flying
In der dargestellten Ausführungsform ist ein äußerer Querschnitt des Erregerzylinders 21 an seinem in Schlagrichtung 26 hinteren Ende geringer als ein innerer Querschnitt des Führungsrohrs 20. Zwischen den Erregerzylinder 21 und dem Führungsrohr 20 ist ein Spalt 40, der in Schlagrichtung 26 offen ist. Eine zusätzliche Belüftungsöffnung 41 kann den Spalt 40 mit dem Innenraum 31 des Erregerzylinders 21 verbinden. Die zusätzliche Belüftungsöffnung 41 weist entsprechend eine geringere Tiefe 42 als die zuerst genannten Belüftungsöffnungen 35 auf. Eine Breite 43 der zusätzlichen Belüftungsöffnung 41 wird in Abhängigkeit der Ausgestaltung des Flugkolbens 22 gewählt. Beispielsweise kann die Breite 43 gleich der Breite 34 der Vertiefung 32 oder wenigstens doppelt so groß wie die Breite 37 der erstgenannten Belüftungsöffnungen 35 gewählt werden. Ein Abstand 44 der zusätzlichen Belüftungsöffnung 41 zu der Vertiefung 32 ist größer als die Hälfte der Hubhöhe.In the illustrated embodiment, an outer cross section of the
Claims (10)
- Power tool with a pneumatic percussion mechanism (12) which comprises a pot-shaped exciter cylinder (21) having an inner chamber (31) open in the direction of impact (26) and a free piston (22) which is movable in the inner chamber (31),
a recess (32) being provided in a cylindrical wall (39) of the inner chamber (31) and at least one ventilation opening (35) being provided at a distance from the recess (32) in the direction of impact (26),
the free piston (22) including a sealing element (53) which is at a distance from the cylindrical wall (39) in the region of the recess (32) when the sealing element (53) is located opposite the recess, characterised in that
the sealing element (53) seals the at least one ventilation opening (35) when the sealing element (53) is located opposite the at least one ventilation opening (35), the width (37) of the ventilation opening (35) being less than the 75 per cent of the width (55) of the sealing element (53). - Power tool according to Claim 1, characterised in that a width (34) of the recess (32) is greater than a width (37) of the ventilation openings (35).
- Power tool according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the recess (32) is annular.
- Power tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least three of the ventilation openings (35) are arranged in a plane perpendicular to the direction of impact (26).
- Power tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the ventilation openings (35) are arranged with a uniform angular distribution around an axis (24) of the percussion mechanism (12).
- Power tool according to Claim 5, characterised in that the ventilation openings are arranged in a spiral formation around the axis (24).
- Power tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a drive (13, 14) is provided for periodically moving the exciter cylinder (21) by a stroke length along the direction of impact (26), and a distance (38) of the recess (32) from the at least one ventilation opening (35) is less than half the stroke length.
- Power tool according to Claim 7, characterised in that the distance (38) of the recess (32) from the at least one ventilation opening (35) is less than 30 per cent of the stroke length.
- Power tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the movable free piston (22) has an air channel (50) for connecting opposite sides (51, 52), in the direction of impact, of the free piston (22), which air channel (50) is interrupted by the sealing element (53).
- Power tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised by a guide tube (20) inside which the exciter cylinder (21) is arranged movably, the guide tube (20) having an outlet opening (60) with a leading edge (62) in the direction of impact (26) and the sealing element (53) being located behind the leading edge (62) in the direction of impact (26) during a no-load stroke and ahead of the leading edge (62) in the impact position.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009026542A DE102009026542A1 (en) | 2009-05-28 | 2009-05-28 | machine tool |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2255928A1 EP2255928A1 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
EP2255928B1 true EP2255928B1 (en) | 2014-06-11 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP10163029.1A Active EP2255928B1 (en) | 2009-05-28 | 2010-05-17 | Machine tool |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8739895B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2255928B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101920489B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102009026542A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (20)
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DE102005030340B3 (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-04 | Wacker Construction Equipment Ag | Impact mechanism with electrodynamic linear drive |
SE531860C2 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-08-25 | Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab | Pulse generating device for inducing a shock wave in a tool and rock drilling rig including such device |
JP2012196728A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-10-18 | Makita Corp | Impact tool |
DE102011007660A1 (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-10-25 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Hand tool and manufacturing process |
DE102011084465A1 (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2013-04-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Air piston of powered hand tool e.g. driller, has sealing ring whose axial extension portion is greater than maximum thickness of sealing ring |
DE102012206445A1 (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2013-10-24 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | machine tool |
DE102012208986A1 (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2013-12-05 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Chiseling machine tool |
EP2855090B1 (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2016-01-20 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Fuel-operated setting device |
DE102012220886A1 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-05-15 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | machine tool |
EP2857150A1 (en) * | 2013-10-03 | 2015-04-08 | HILTI Aktiengesellschaft | Manual tool machine |
EP2886261A1 (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-24 | HILTI Aktiengesellschaft | Manual tool machine |
EP2910336A1 (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2015-08-26 | HILTI Aktiengesellschaft | Power tool |
EP3034242A1 (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-06-22 | HILTI Aktiengesellschaft | Power tool |
EP3181300A1 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-21 | HILTI Aktiengesellschaft | Percussive handheld machine tool |
EP3181298A1 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-21 | HILTI Aktiengesellschaft | Percussive machine tool |
EP3260239A1 (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2017-12-27 | HILTI Aktiengesellschaft | Handheld machine tool |
EP3281747A1 (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2018-02-14 | HILTI Aktiengesellschaft | Handheld machine tool |
WO2019079560A1 (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-25 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Percussion tool |
CN214723936U (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2021-11-16 | 米沃奇电动工具公司 | Impact tool |
EP3632624A1 (en) * | 2018-10-04 | 2020-04-08 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Eccentric drive for a hand-held machine tool |
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US4290492A (en) * | 1979-01-31 | 1981-09-22 | Black & Decker Inc. | Idling and air replenishing system for a reciprocating hammer mechanism |
CH664730A5 (en) * | 1983-07-21 | 1988-03-31 | Sig Schweiz Industrieges | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DAMPING THE BALL Bounce IN DRUMMING TOOLS. |
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EP2163355A1 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2010-03-17 | AEG Electric Tools GmbH | Electric tool comprising an oscillating drive or crank drive with reduced mass |
US8215529B2 (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2012-07-10 | De Poan Pneumatic Corp. | Pneumatic device |
DE102010029915A1 (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2011-12-15 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Machine tool and control method |
-
2009
- 2009-05-28 DE DE102009026542A patent/DE102009026542A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-05-17 EP EP10163029.1A patent/EP2255928B1/en active Active
- 2010-05-25 US US12/800,896 patent/US8739895B2/en active Active
- 2010-05-25 CN CN201010189155.6A patent/CN101920489B/en active Active
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US20100300718A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 |
EP2255928A1 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
CN101920489B (en) | 2015-03-11 |
CN101920489A (en) | 2010-12-22 |
US8739895B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 |
DE102009026542A1 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
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