EP0129865B1 - Percussive tool, particularly a hammer drill - Google Patents

Percussive tool, particularly a hammer drill Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0129865B1
EP0129865B1 EP84107161A EP84107161A EP0129865B1 EP 0129865 B1 EP0129865 B1 EP 0129865B1 EP 84107161 A EP84107161 A EP 84107161A EP 84107161 A EP84107161 A EP 84107161A EP 0129865 B1 EP0129865 B1 EP 0129865B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive
sleeve
cylinder sleeve
guide
guide piece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84107161A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0129865A1 (en
Inventor
Otto Bergler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Black and Decker Overseas GmbH
Original Assignee
Black and Decker Overseas GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Black and Decker Overseas GmbH filed Critical Black and Decker Overseas GmbH
Priority to AT84107161T priority Critical patent/ATE33780T1/en
Publication of EP0129865A1 publication Critical patent/EP0129865A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0129865B1 publication Critical patent/EP0129865B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/06—Means for driving the impulse member
    • B25D11/062—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a wobbling mechanism, swash plate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18024—Rotary to reciprocating and rotary
    • Y10T74/18032—Rotary to reciprocating or rotary
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18056—Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating
    • Y10T74/18296—Cam and slide
    • Y10T74/18336—Wabbler type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an impact tool, in particular a hammer drill according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such an impact drilling tool is known (DE-A 27 38 057).
  • a wobble drive is provided to generate the back and forth movement of a racket.
  • the axis of the wobble drive is aligned parallel to the axis of a sleeve driven by the motor.
  • the sleeve is driven via an axis which is connected to the drive pinion of the motor in the manner of an intermediate gear axis and at the same time forms the rotary drive for a wobble arm which is guided with its free end in a piston which is concentric with the piston rotating drive sleeve is axially reciprocated.
  • the disadvantage of such a design is that because of the juxtaposition of driven shafts and parts, the space requirement is very large and, moreover, the construction effort is also relatively large.
  • a drill and percussion hammer (DE-A-31 06 487) is also known, in which the reciprocating sleeve for generating the percussion movement is arranged axially with a rotating sleeve driven by the motor, which is intended to transmit the rotary movement to the tool.
  • the back and forth movement of the sleeve in the rotary drive sleeve is achieved in that the sleeve or the like with the help of guide rollers. is guided in axial slots of a guide arranged fixed to the housing and is guided with balls or rollers in a groove running spirally in the interior of the rotating sleeve.
  • the invention has for its object to design a striking tool, in particular a rotary hammer of the type mentioned, that a space-saving arrangement is possible using a wobble drive.
  • the characterizing features of claim 1 are provided according to the invention.
  • This configuration makes it possible to dispense with an additional drive mechanism for the Q wobble drive provided outside the axis of the drive spindle. The result is an arrangement aligned on only one axis, which is very space-saving. It is also advantageous in such an embodiment that it can be used advantageously not only for rotary hammers of the known type, but that the sleeve can also be designed as a drive bell mounted in the housing, which is driven via a flexible shaft fastened in it with the same axis.
  • This configuration leads to a caulking tool which can be used exclusively for striking purposes and which can have a cylindrical shape with a relatively small diameter and is therefore particularly easy to handle.
  • Advantageous features of such an embodiment are contained in subclaims 2 to 4.
  • the invention can also achieve significant space and design savings in rotary hammers.
  • Corresponding features are contained in subclaims 5 to 8.
  • This has the advantage that the guide piece for the wobble drive can be mounted on a guide pin.
  • This configuration makes it possible to switch the hammer drill to percussion drilling or only to drilling by either the guide bolt itself being firmly seated in the housing and the guide piece being guided on this guide bolt in a rotationally fixed or rotatable manner, depending on the setting of a switching arrangement.
  • an expandable arrangement which can be actuated by an axially movable shift rod and which leads to a fixed or a loose connection between the guide piece and the guide pin.
  • a hammer drill is shown schematically, which is provided in a known manner with a handle 1 and has an electromotive drive 2 inside a housing, from which a drive shaft 3 leads to the parts to be driven and designed according to the invention.
  • the drive spindle 7 is therefore set in rotation via the drive shaft 3 and the gear 6 and transmits this rotation for driving a drilling tool, not shown, above the drilling head 8.
  • a firing pin 10 is guided in the drive spindle 7, the left piston-like end of which rests against the end of an inserted tool.
  • a firing pin 11 On the right end of the firing pin 10 acts a firing pin 11 which is fixedly connected to a piston 12 which in turn is axially displaceably guided in a cylinder sleeve 13 which in turn is guided in a cylindrical guide within the drive spindle 7.
  • the cylinder sleeve 13 has a flange-like base with a type of hub 13a, into which an extension 14a of a guide piece 14 is firmly inserted.
  • the guide piece 14 itself then has a spherical part on the cylindrical part 14a, on which a circumferential guideway 14b with a hemispherical cross section is arranged, in which the bearing balls 15 for a ring 16 run with an upwardly projecting wobble arm 16a.
  • the guide track 14b is provided obliquely to a plane arranged perpendicular to the axis 17, the axis 17 being the axis of rotation of the drive spindle 7, which in the exemplary embodiment coincides with the axis of the piston 12, the cylinder sleeve 13 and the guide piece 14.
  • the guide piece 14 is the guide piece 14 axially displaceable on a guide pin 18 which is also aligned coaxially to the axis 17.
  • the guide piece 14 is secured against rotation relative to the guide pin 18 in that the guide pin 18 is guided with a longitudinal groove 18a and the guide piece 14 is guided with a ball 19 running largely without play therein.
  • the guide pin 18 itself is held aligned in a clamping device 20 with respect to the axis 17, which axially secures the guide pin and the guide piece 14 in the housing and, depending on a switching device, not shown, secures the guide pin 18 against rotation or releases it for rotation. The importance of this configuration is still discussed.
  • the wobble arm 16a of the ring 16 is articulated in a recess 7a of the drive spindle 7, which thus represents a drive sleeve for this wobble arm 16a.
  • the drive spindle 7 or the like in the usual way via ball bearings 21. is held in the housing 4, which in turn takes over the leadership of the other parts displaceable in it by appropriate fits.
  • the drive shaft 3 is also mounted in the housing 4 via ball bearings 22 or via a slide bearing 23.
  • the new hammer drill works as follows:
  • the clamping device 20 secures the guide pin 18 against rotation and that the drive motor 2 causes the drive spindle 7 to rotate via the shaft 3.
  • This rotary movement can now be used to transmit a rotary movement to the tool (not shown).
  • the rotary movement of the drive spindle 7 also causes the wobble arm 16a to make a rotary movement which, owing to the inclined guideway 14b, leads to an axial stroke movement around the stroke h of the guide piece 14 on the guide pin 18, which is caused by the balls 15 axial forces exerted on the guideway 14b.
  • the cylindrical sleeve 13 is thus stimulated to reciprocate by the stroke h.
  • the firing pin 10 in turn then exerts the desired impact effect on the end of the impact drilling tool, not shown.
  • the clamping device 20 releases the guide pin 18 for rotation.
  • the rotating drive spindle 7 takes both the guide piece 14 and the pin 18 to a rotation via the wobble arm 16. An axial displacement of the guide piece 14 and so that the cylinder sleeve 13 does not occur.
  • FIG. 1 In addition to the possible application of the invention shown in FIG. 1 for a rotary hammer, there is also the possibility of providing the mechanism suitable for the production of a reciprocating drive for a so-called stemmer, as shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b .
  • a guide sleeve 26 is inserted in an approximately cylindrical housing 25 in a rotationally fixed manner, in which a non-rotatable but axially displaceable cylinder sleeve 27 is guided in the manner explained in FIGS. 3 and 4, which in turn serves to guide the piston 12, which is the piston corresponds to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • a guide head 28 is connected to the housing 25, in which a chisel 21 is held axially displaceably.
  • the guide head 28 is equipped with a ball 31 which is radially adjustable in a guide 30 and which engages in an axially extending groove 32 of the chisel. If the chisel is to be removed, the sleeve 33 is displaced to the right against the action of a spring 34 until an annular groove 35 reaches the region of the ball 31, which can then be pressed radially outwards when the chisel 29 is removed.
  • the reciprocating movement of the piston 12 is achieved in the stemmer of FIGS. 2a and 2b in that a cup-shaped sleeve 36 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the end of a flexible shaft 37 and in that this cup-shaped sleeve 36 has the same function as the drive spindle 7 of the embodiment of FIG. 1 takes over.
  • the guide piece 37 which essentially corresponds to the guide piece 14 of FIG. 1, is here also provided with the balls 15 rotating in a guide track, which guide the ring 16 with the wobble arm 16a.
  • the wobble arm 16a is articulated in a recess 38 in the sleeve 36.
  • the guide piece 37 is, as in the embodiment of FIG.
  • the guide piece 37 is rotatably seated with a pin 37a in the sleeve 36, in the region of the part 36a in which the end of the flexible shaft 39 is also held.
  • the end 39a of the flexible shaft 39 can be a square, which is inserted into a corresponding recess in the part 36a of the sleeve 36.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 there are various possibilities for guiding the cylinder sleeve 37 in a rotationally fixed manner in the sleeve 26 and in the housing 25.
  • Fig. 2a and Fig. 3 show the possibility that the cylinder sleeve is provided with axially extending grooves 40, in which balls 41 run, which in turn engage in axially extending slots 43 equipped with the length of the stroke of the cylinder sleeve 27.
  • FIG. 2b show the possibility of providing the cylinder sleeve 27 with diametrically opposite ribs 44 which engage in axially extending grooves 45 of the guide sleeve 26.
  • the guide sleeve 26 is pressed in the housing 25. It can also be secured by locking pins 46.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)

Abstract

A percussion tool such as a hammer head comprises a housing for receiving a tool. A rotary drive mechanism rotates the tool about a longitudinal axis. A strike bolt is arranged for impacting against the tool. A cylinder sleeve is mounted coaxially with the longitudinal axis. A piston is slidable within the sleeve and is arranged to impact against the strike bolt. An impact drive mechanism is provided for imparting sliding movement to the piston toward the strike bolt. The impact drive mechanism comprises a wobble drive member mounted for longitudinal reciprocal movement and for rotary movement about an inclined axis disposed at an acute angle relative to the longitudinal axis. The wobble drive member is operably connected to the cylinder sleeve and to the rotary drive means to be driven thereby about the inclined axis so as to be longitudinally reciprocated. Thus, the rotary forces and impacting forces are derived from the same source.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schlagwerkzeug, insbesondere einen Bohrhammer nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to an impact tool, in particular a hammer drill according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein solches Schlagbohrwerkzeug ist bekannt (DE-A 27 38 057). Bei dieser Bauart ist ein Taumelantrieb zur Erzeugung der Hin- und Herbewegung eines Schlägers vorgesehen. Die Achse des Taumelantriebes ist parallel zu der Achse einer vom Motor angetriebenen Hülse ausgerichtet. Der Antrieb der Hülse erfolgt über eine Achse, die in der Art einer Zwischengetriebeachse mit dem Antriebsritzel des Motors in Verbindung steht und gleichzeitig den Drehantrieb für einen Taumelarm bildet, der mit seinem freien Ende in einem Kolben geführt ist, der in einer konzentrisch zu der sich drehenden Antriebshülse befindenden Hülse axial hin- und herbewegt wird. Nachteilig ist bei einer solchen Bauart, daß wegen der Nebeneinanderanordnung von angetriebenen Wellen und Teilen der Raumbedarf sehr groß ist und daß überdies auch der Bauaufwand relativ groß wird.Such an impact drilling tool is known (DE-A 27 38 057). In this type, a wobble drive is provided to generate the back and forth movement of a racket. The axis of the wobble drive is aligned parallel to the axis of a sleeve driven by the motor. The sleeve is driven via an axis which is connected to the drive pinion of the motor in the manner of an intermediate gear axis and at the same time forms the rotary drive for a wobble arm which is guided with its free end in a piston which is concentric with the piston rotating drive sleeve is axially reciprocated. The disadvantage of such a design is that because of the juxtaposition of driven shafts and parts, the space requirement is very large and, moreover, the construction effort is also relatively large.

Bei anderen Bauarten von Bohrhammern (Hilti Bedienungsanleitung Bohrhammer TE12, 1981), wird ein zusätzlicher Kolben in der Zylinderhülse über einen Pleuelantrieb hin- und hergeführt, der den mit dem Schlagbolzen verbundenen Kolben zu seiner Schlagbewegung anregt. Auch dort ist die Zylinderhülse in einer hohlen Antriebsspindel gelagert, über die die für das Bohren notwendige Drehbewegung dem Werkzeug mitgeteilt wird. Auch bei solchen Bauarten ist es daher nachteilig,daß sowohl die Antriebsspindel für das Bohrwerkzeug als auch der Schlagkolben angetrieben werden muß, so daß zwei verschiedene Antriebskonstruktionen notwendig sind. Das gilt auch für Bauarten (DE-A-32 41 528), die bereits vorgeschlagen wurden und bei denen die den mit dem Schlagbolzen ausgerüsteten Kolben führende Zylinderhülse selbst hin- und herbewegt wird. Auch hier ist ein zusätzlicher Antrieb im Gehäuse unterzubringen, dessen Anordnung und Abmessungen zu einer relativ voluminösen Bauart führen müssen.In other types of hammer drills (Hilti operating instructions, hammer drill TE12, 1981), an additional piston is moved back and forth in the cylinder sleeve by means of a connecting rod drive, which stimulates the piston connected to the firing pin to strike. There, too, the cylinder sleeve is mounted in a hollow drive spindle, via which the rotary movement necessary for drilling is communicated to the tool. Even with such designs, it is therefore disadvantageous that both the drive spindle for the drilling tool and the percussion piston must be driven, so that two different drive designs are necessary. This also applies to types (DE-A-32 41 528) which have already been proposed and in which the cylinder sleeve which guides the piston equipped with the firing pin is itself moved back and forth. Here too, an additional drive must be accommodated in the housing, the arrangement and dimensions of which must lead to a relatively voluminous design.

Bekannt ist auch ein Bohr- und Schlaghammer (DE-A-31 06 487), bei dem die hin- und hergehende Hülse zur Erzeugung der Schlagbewegung achsgleich mit einer vom Motor angetriebenen Drehhülse angeordnet ist, die die Drehbewegung auf das Werkzeug übertragen soll. Die Hin- und Herbewegung der Hülse in der Drehantriebshülse wird dabei dadurch erreicht, daß die Hülse mit Hilfe von Führungswalzen o.dgl. in axialen Schlitzen einer gehäusefest angeordneten Führung geführt ist und mit Kugeln oder Walzen in einer spiralförmig im inneren der Drehhülse verlaufenden Nut geführt ist. Diese Bauart nützt zwar schon die Rotation des Drehantriebes unmittelbar zur Erzeugung der Hin- und Herbewegung für die Hülse für den Schlagkolben aus, eröffnet aber bauartbedingt nicht die Möglichkeiten eines Taumelantriebes, dessen Hub- und Wirkungsweise beeinflußbar sind und der vor allem einem geringeren Verschleiß unterliegt.A drill and percussion hammer (DE-A-31 06 487) is also known, in which the reciprocating sleeve for generating the percussion movement is arranged axially with a rotating sleeve driven by the motor, which is intended to transmit the rotary movement to the tool. The back and forth movement of the sleeve in the rotary drive sleeve is achieved in that the sleeve or the like with the help of guide rollers. is guided in axial slots of a guide arranged fixed to the housing and is guided with balls or rollers in a groove running spirally in the interior of the rotating sleeve. Although this design already uses the rotation of the rotary drive directly to generate the reciprocating movement for the sleeve for the percussion piston, it does not, due to its design, open up the possibilities of a wobble drive, the stroke and mode of operation of which can be influenced and which, above all, is subject to less wear.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Schlagwerkzeug, insbesondere einen Bohrhammer der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß unter Verwendung eines Taumelantriebes eine platzsparende Anordnung möglich ist.The invention has for its object to design a striking tool, in particular a rotary hammer of the type mentioned, that a space-saving arrangement is possible using a wobble drive.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe werden erfindungsgemäß die kennzeichnenden ' Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 vorgesehen. Diese Ausgestaltung erlaubt es auf einen außerhalb der Achse der Antriebsspindel vorgesehenen zusätzlichen Antriebsmechanismus für den Q Taumelantrieb zu verzichten. Es ergibt sich eine nur auf einer Achse ausgerichtete Anordnung, die sehr raumsparend ist. Vorteilhaft ist bei einer solchen Ausgestaltung auch, daß sie nicht nur für Bohrhämmer der bekannten Art vorteilhaft verwendbar ist, sondern daß die Hülse auch als eine im Gehäuse gelagerte Antriebsglocke ausgebildet sein kann, die über eine achsgleich in ihr befestigte biegsame Welle angetrieben ist. Diese Ausgestaltung führt zu einem ausschließlich zu Schlagzwecken einsetzbaren Stemmwerkzeug, das eine zylindrische Form mit einem verhältnismäßig geringen Durchmesser aufweisen kann und daher besonders einfach zu handhaben ist. Vorteilhafte Merkmale einer solchen Ausgestaltung sind in den Unteransprüchen 2 bis 4 enthalten.To achieve this object, the characterizing features of claim 1 are provided according to the invention. This configuration makes it possible to dispense with an additional drive mechanism for the Q wobble drive provided outside the axis of the drive spindle. The result is an arrangement aligned on only one axis, which is very space-saving. It is also advantageous in such an embodiment that it can be used advantageously not only for rotary hammers of the known type, but that the sleeve can also be designed as a drive bell mounted in the housing, which is driven via a flexible shaft fastened in it with the same axis. This configuration leads to a caulking tool which can be used exclusively for striking purposes and which can have a cylindrical shape with a relatively small diameter and is therefore particularly easy to handle. Advantageous features of such an embodiment are contained in subclaims 2 to 4.

Durch die Erfindung kann aber auch bei Bohrhämmern eine wesentliche Platz- und Konstruktionsersparnis erreicht werden. Entsprechende Merkmale sind in den Unteransprüchen 5 bis 8 enthalten. Dadurch wird der Vorteil erzielt, daß das Führungsstück für den Taumelantrieb auf einem Führungsbolzen gelagert werden kann. Diese Ausgestaltung ermöglicht es, den Bohrhammer auf Schlagbohren oder nur auf Bohren zu schalten, indem entweder der Führungsbolzen selbst fest im Gehäuse sitzt und das Führungsstück je nach Einstellung einer Schaltanordnung drehfest oder drehbar auf diesem Führungsbolzen geführt ist. Dabei ist es denkbar, den Führungsbolzen hohl . auszugestalten und durch diesen hohlen Führungsbolzen eine durch eine axial bewegbare Schaltstange betätigbare Spreizanordnung zu führen, die zu einer festen oder zu einer losen Verbindung zwischen dem Führungsstück und dem Führungsbolzen führt. Möglich wäre es auch, den Führungsbolzen drehfest mit dem Führungsstück zu verbinden, aber selbst je nach Einstellung einer Schaltanordnung drehfest oder drehbar im Gehäuse anzuordnen, was beispielsweise durch eine von außen betätigbare Klemmeinrichtung für den Führungsbolzen erreicht werden kann.However, the invention can also achieve significant space and design savings in rotary hammers. Corresponding features are contained in subclaims 5 to 8. This has the advantage that the guide piece for the wobble drive can be mounted on a guide pin. This configuration makes it possible to switch the hammer drill to percussion drilling or only to drilling by either the guide bolt itself being firmly seated in the housing and the guide piece being guided on this guide bolt in a rotationally fixed or rotatable manner, depending on the setting of a switching arrangement. It is conceivable to hollow the guide pin. To design and to guide through this hollow guide pin an expandable arrangement which can be actuated by an axially movable shift rod and which leads to a fixed or a loose connection between the guide piece and the guide pin. It would also be possible to connect the guide pin to the guide piece in a rotationally fixed manner, but to arrange it in a rotationally fixed or rotatable manner in the housing, depending on the setting of a switching arrangement, which can be achieved, for example, by a clamping device for the guide pin which can be actuated from the outside.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung gehen aus der beigefügten Zeichnung von zwei Ausführungsbeispielen hervor, die in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung erläutert sind. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen schematischen Teillängsschnitt durch einen Bohrhammer, der erfindungsgemäß ausgestaltet ist,
  • Fig. 2a und 2b den Längsschnitt durch einen Stemmer, wobei in den Fig. 2a und 2b jeweils verschiedene Möglichkeiten der drehfesten Führung einer Zylinderhülse im Gehäuse gezeigt sind,
  • Fig. 3 den Schnitt durch die Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 2a und
  • Fig. 4 den Schnitt durch die Ausführungsform der Fig. 2b.
Further features of the invention emerge from the attached drawing of two exemplary embodiments, which are explained in the following description. Show it:
  • 1 is a schematic partial longitudinal section through a hammer drill, which is designed according to the invention,
  • 2a and 2b the longitudinal section through a stemmer, different possibilities of the rotationally fixed guidance of a cylinder sleeve in the housing being shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b,
  • Fig. 3 shows the section through the embodiment of FIGS. 2a and
  • Fig. 4 shows the section through the embodiment of Fig. 2b.

In der Fig. 1 ist schematisch ein Bohrhammer dargestellt, der in bekannter Weise mit einem Handgriff 1 versehen ist und im Inneren eines Gehäuses einen elektromotorischen Antrieb 2 besitzt, von dem aus eine Antriebswelle 3 zu den anzutreibenden und erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Teilen führt. Die Antriebswelle 3, die in an sich bekannter Weise im Gehäuse 4 des Bohrhammers gelagert ist, ist mit einem Ritzel 5 versehen, das in Eingriff steht mit einem Zahnrad 6, das fest mit einer hohlen und im Gehäuse 4 gelagerten Antriebsspindel 7 verbunden ist, auf deren linkes Ende in nicht näher dargestellter Weise ein Bohrkopf 8 aufgeschraubt ist, der zum Einspannen eines nicht dargestellten und in die Bohrung 9 einzusetzenden Schlag- und Bohrwerkzeuges dient. Die Antriebsspindel 7 wird daher über die Antriebswelle 3 und das Zahnrad 6 in Drehung versetzt und überträgt diese Drehung zum Antrieb eines nicht dargestellten Bohrwerkzeuges über dem Bohrkopf 8.In Fig. 1, a hammer drill is shown schematically, which is provided in a known manner with a handle 1 and has an electromotive drive 2 inside a housing, from which a drive shaft 3 leads to the parts to be driven and designed according to the invention. The drive shaft 3, which is mounted in a known manner in the housing 4 of the hammer drill, is provided with a pinion 5 which is in engagement with a gear 6 which is fixedly connected to a hollow drive spindle 7 mounted in the housing 4 the left end of which, in a manner not shown in more detail, is screwed on a drill head 8, which is used to clamp a hammering and drilling tool, not shown and to be inserted into the bore 9. The drive spindle 7 is therefore set in rotation via the drive shaft 3 and the gear 6 and transmits this rotation for driving a drilling tool, not shown, above the drilling head 8.

Um eine Schlagwirkung auf das Ende des Schlagbohrwerkzeuges ausüben zu können, ist ein Schlagbolzen 10 in der Antriebsspindel 7 geführt, dessen linkes kolbenartiges Ende sich am Ende eines eingeführten Werkzeuges anlegt. Auf das rechte Ende des Schlagbolzens 10 wirkt ein Schlagbolzen 11 der fest mit einem Kolben 12 verbunden ist, welcher seinerseits axial verschiebbar in einer Zylinderhülse 13 geführt ist, die ihrerseits in einer zylindrischen Führung innerhalb der Antriebsspindel 7 geführt ist. Die Zylinderhülse 13 besitzt an ihrem rechten Ende einen flanschartigen Boden mit einer Art Nabe 13a, in die ein Ansatz 14a eines Führungsstückes 14 fest eingesetzt ist. Das Führungsstück 14 selbst besitzt anschließend an den zylindrischen Teil 14a einen kugelförmigen Teil, auf dem eine umlaufende Führungsbahn 14b mit einem halbkugelförmigen Querschnitt angeordnet ist, in der die Lagerkugeln 15 für einen Ring 16 mit einem nach oben abstehenden Taumelarm 16a laufen. Die Führungsbahn 14b ist dabei schräg zu einer senkrecht zur Achse 17 angeordneten Ebene vorgesehen, wobei die Achse 17 die Drehachse der Antriebsspindel 7 ist, die beim Ausführungsbeispiel zusammenfällt mit der Achse des Kolbens 12, der Zylinderhülse 13 und des Führungsstückes 14. Das Führungsstück 14 ist axial verschiebbar auf einem Führungsbolzen 18 angeordnet, der ebenfalls koaxial zur Achse 17 ausgerichtet ist. Dabei ist das Führungsstück 14 gegenüber dem Führungsbolzen 18 dadurch gegen eine Verdrehung gesichert, daß der Führungsbolzen 18 mit einer Längsnut 18a und das Führungsstück 14 mit einer darin weitgehend spielfrei laufenden Kugel 19 geführt ist. Der Führungsbolzen 18 selbst wird in einer Klemmeinrichtung 20 zur Achse 17 ausgerichtet gehalten, die den Führungsbolzen und das Führungsstück 14 axial im Gehäuse sichert und abhängig von einer nicht gezeigten Schalteinrichtung den Führungsbolzen 18 gegen Verdrehung sichert oder zur Drehung freigibt. Auf die Bedeutung dieser Ausgestaltung wird noch eingegangen.In order to be able to exert an impact on the end of the percussion drilling tool, a firing pin 10 is guided in the drive spindle 7, the left piston-like end of which rests against the end of an inserted tool. On the right end of the firing pin 10 acts a firing pin 11 which is fixedly connected to a piston 12 which in turn is axially displaceably guided in a cylinder sleeve 13 which in turn is guided in a cylindrical guide within the drive spindle 7. At its right end, the cylinder sleeve 13 has a flange-like base with a type of hub 13a, into which an extension 14a of a guide piece 14 is firmly inserted. The guide piece 14 itself then has a spherical part on the cylindrical part 14a, on which a circumferential guideway 14b with a hemispherical cross section is arranged, in which the bearing balls 15 for a ring 16 run with an upwardly projecting wobble arm 16a. The guide track 14b is provided obliquely to a plane arranged perpendicular to the axis 17, the axis 17 being the axis of rotation of the drive spindle 7, which in the exemplary embodiment coincides with the axis of the piston 12, the cylinder sleeve 13 and the guide piece 14. The guide piece 14 is the guide piece 14 axially displaceable on a guide pin 18 which is also aligned coaxially to the axis 17. The guide piece 14 is secured against rotation relative to the guide pin 18 in that the guide pin 18 is guided with a longitudinal groove 18a and the guide piece 14 is guided with a ball 19 running largely without play therein. The guide pin 18 itself is held aligned in a clamping device 20 with respect to the axis 17, which axially secures the guide pin and the guide piece 14 in the housing and, depending on a switching device, not shown, secures the guide pin 18 against rotation or releases it for rotation. The importance of this configuration is still discussed.

Der Taumelarm 16a des Ringes 16 ist gelenkig in einer Ausnehmung 7a der Antriebsspindel 7 gehalten, die somit eine Antriebshülse für diesen Taumelarm 16a darstellt. Lediglich der Vollständigkeit halber darf noch erwähnt werden, daß die Antriebsspindel 7 in üblicher Weise über Kugellager 21 o.dgl. im Gehäuse 4 gehalten ist, die ihrerseits durch entsprechende Passungen die Führung der anderen in ihr verschiebbaren Teile übernimmt. Auch die Antriebswelle 3 ist über Kugellager 22 bzw. über ein Gleitlager 23 im Gehäuse 4 gelagert.The wobble arm 16a of the ring 16 is articulated in a recess 7a of the drive spindle 7, which thus represents a drive sleeve for this wobble arm 16a. Merely for the sake of completeness, it should also be mentioned that the drive spindle 7 or the like in the usual way via ball bearings 21. is held in the housing 4, which in turn takes over the leadership of the other parts displaceable in it by appropriate fits. The drive shaft 3 is also mounted in the housing 4 via ball bearings 22 or via a slide bearing 23.

Die Wirkungsweise des neuen Bohrhammers ist folgende:The new hammer drill works as follows:

Es sei zunächst angenommen, daß die Klemmeinrichtung 20 den Führungsbolzen 18 gegen Verdrehung sichert und daß der Antriebsmotor 2 über die Welle 3 die Antriebsspindel 7 zu einer Drehbewegung veranlaßt. Ober diese Drehbewegung kann nun einerseits auf das nicht dargestellte Werkzeug eine Drehbewegung übertragen werden. Andererseits ist durch die Drehbewegung der Antriebsspindel 7 der Taumelarm 16a ebenfalls zu einer Drehbewegung veranlaßt, die wegen der schräg verlaufenden Führungsbahn 14b zu einer axialen Hubbewegung um den Hub h des Führungsstückes 14 auf dem Führungsbolzen 18 führt, die bewirkt wird, durch die von den Kugeln 15 auf die Führungsbahn 14b ausgeübten axialen Kräften. Mit dem Führungsstück 14 wird damit die zylindrische Hülse 13 zu einer Hin- und Herbewegung um den Hub h angeregt. Dabei verdichtet sich das in dem Raum 24 zwischen den Kolben 12 und dem Boden der Zylinderhülse 13 befindliche Medium, im allgemeinen Luft, und der Kolben 12 wird abhängig von den Druckwirkungen im Raum 24 periodisch gegen den Schlagbolzen 10 geschleudert. Der Schlagbolzen 10 seinerseits übt dann die gewünschte Schlagwirkung auf das Ende des nicht dargestellten Schlagbohrwerkzeuges aus.It is initially assumed that the clamping device 20 secures the guide pin 18 against rotation and that the drive motor 2 causes the drive spindle 7 to rotate via the shaft 3. This rotary movement can now be used to transmit a rotary movement to the tool (not shown). On the other hand, the rotary movement of the drive spindle 7 also causes the wobble arm 16a to make a rotary movement which, owing to the inclined guideway 14b, leads to an axial stroke movement around the stroke h of the guide piece 14 on the guide pin 18, which is caused by the balls 15 axial forces exerted on the guideway 14b. With the guide piece 14, the cylindrical sleeve 13 is thus stimulated to reciprocate by the stroke h. The medium in the space 24 between the pistons 12 and the bottom of the cylinder sleeve 13 compresses, generally air, and the piston 12 is thrown periodically against the firing pin 10 depending on the pressure effects in the space 24. The firing pin 10 in turn then exerts the desired impact effect on the end of the impact drilling tool, not shown.

Soll auf die Arbeitsweise "Bohren" umgeschaltet werden, so wird eine entsprechende Schalteinrichtung betätigt, die Klemmeinrichtung 20 gibt den Führungsbolzen 18 zur Drehung frei. In diesem Moment nimmt die drehende Antriebsspindel 7 über den Taumelarm 16 sowohl das Führungsstück 14 als auch den Bolzen 18 zu einer Drehung mit. Eine Axialverschiebung des Führungsstückes 14 und damit der Zylinderhülse 13 tritt nicht ein.If it is desired to switch to the "drilling" mode of operation, a corresponding switching device is actuated, the clamping device 20 releases the guide pin 18 for rotation. At this moment, the rotating drive spindle 7 takes both the guide piece 14 and the pin 18 to a rotation via the wobble arm 16. An axial displacement of the guide piece 14 and so that the cylinder sleeve 13 does not occur.

Es ist natürlich auch möglich, den Umschaltvorgang "Bohren" oder "Schlagbohren' anders als durch eine Klemmeinrichtung 20 für den Führungsbolzen 18 zu lösen. Es wäre beispielsweise auch möglich, die drehfeste Verbindung zwischen dem Führungsstück 14 und dem Führungsbolzen 18, wie sie über die Kugel 19 und die Nut 18a erfolgt, wegzulassen und vielmehr im Führungsstück 14 mindestens eine Nut vorzusehen, in die Mitnehmer eingreifen, die im Führungsbolzen 18 radial bewegbar gelagert sind und von einem kegelförmigen Teil in ihrer radialen Stellung festgelegt werden, das am Ende einer Betätigungsstange, angeordnet ist, die axial durch den hohlen Führungsbolzen 18 geführt ist und entsprechend von außen verstellbar ist.It is of course also possible to solve the switching operation “drilling” or “percussion drilling” other than by means of a clamping device 20 for the guide pin 18. It would also be possible, for example, to establish the non-rotatable connection between the guide piece 14 and the guide pin 18, as described above Ball 19 and the groove 18a takes place, and rather provide at least one groove in the guide piece 14, which is engaged by drivers which are mounted in the guide pin 18 so as to be radially movable and are fixed in their radial position by a conical part which is located at the end of an actuating rod, is arranged, which is guided axially through the hollow guide pin 18 and is correspondingly adjustable from the outside.

Außer der in der Fig. 1 gezeigten Anwendungsmöglichkeit der Erfindung für einen Bohrhammer, ergibt sich auch die Möglichkeit, den für die Erzeugung eines hin- und hergehenden Antriebes geeigneten Mechanismus für einen sogenannten Stemmer vorzusehen, wie er in den Fig. 2a und 2b gezeigt ist. Dort ist in einem etwa zylindrischen Gehäuse 25 drehfest eine Führungshülse 26 eingesetzt, in der unverdrehbar aber axial verschiebbar in der in den Fig. 3 und 4 näher erläuterten Weise eine Zylinderhülse 27 geführt ist, die ihrerseits zur Führung des Kolbens 12 dient, der dem Kolben der Ausführungsform der Fig. 1 entspricht. Mit dem Gehäuse 25 ist bei dieser Ausführung ein Führungskopf 28 verbunden, in dem ein Meißel 21 axial verschiebbar gehalten ist. Eine Drehbewegung kann bei dieser Ausführungsform auf den Meißel 29 nicht ausgeübt werden. Der Meißel 29 wird lediglich vom Kolben 12 über den Schlagbolzen 10 her beaufschlagt. Es können somit Stemmarbeiten ausgeführt werden. Der Führungskopf 28 ist mit einer in einer Führung 30 radial verstellbaren Kugel 31 ausgerüstet, die in eine axial verlaufende Nut 32 des Meißels eingreift. Soll der Meißel entfernt werden, so wird die Hülse 33 gegen die Wirkung einer Feder 34 nach rechts verschoben bis eine ringförmige Nut 35 in den Bereich der Kugel 31 gelangt, die dann radial nach außen gedrückt werden kann, wenn der Meißel 29 entnommen wird.In addition to the possible application of the invention shown in FIG. 1 for a rotary hammer, there is also the possibility of providing the mechanism suitable for the production of a reciprocating drive for a so-called stemmer, as shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b . There, a guide sleeve 26 is inserted in an approximately cylindrical housing 25 in a rotationally fixed manner, in which a non-rotatable but axially displaceable cylinder sleeve 27 is guided in the manner explained in FIGS. 3 and 4, which in turn serves to guide the piston 12, which is the piston corresponds to the embodiment of FIG. 1. In this embodiment, a guide head 28 is connected to the housing 25, in which a chisel 21 is held axially displaceably. A rotational movement cannot be exerted on the chisel 29 in this embodiment. The chisel 29 is only acted upon by the piston 12 via the firing pin 10. Mortising work can thus be carried out. The guide head 28 is equipped with a ball 31 which is radially adjustable in a guide 30 and which engages in an axially extending groove 32 of the chisel. If the chisel is to be removed, the sleeve 33 is displaced to the right against the action of a spring 34 until an annular groove 35 reaches the region of the ball 31, which can then be pressed radially outwards when the chisel 29 is removed.

Die Hin- und Herbewegung des Kolbens 12 wird bei dem Stemmer der Fig. 2a und 2b dadurch erreicht, daß eine topfförmig ausgebildete Hülse 36 drehfest mit dem Ende einer biegsamen Welle 37 verbunden wird und daß diese topfförmige Hülse 36 die gleiche Funktion wie die Antriebsspindel 7 des Ausführungsbeispieles der Fig. 1 übernimmt. Das Führungsstück 37, das dem Führungsstück 14 der Fig. 1 im wesentlichen entspricht, ist auch hier mit den in einer Führungsbahn umlaufenden Kugeln 15 versehen, welche den Ring 16 mit dem Taumelarm 16a führen. Der Taumelarm 16a ist gelenkig in einer Ausnehmung 38 der Hülse 36 gehalten. Das Führungsstück 37 seinerseits ist, wie auch beim Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1, fest mit der Zylinderhülse 27 verbunden, die, wie bereits erwähnt, verdrehfest im Gehäuse 25 geführt ist. Das Führungsstück 37 sitzt mit einem Zapfen 37a drehbar in der Hülse 36, und zwar im Bereich des Teiles 36a, in dem auch das Ende der biegsamen Welle 39 gehalten ist. Das Ende 39a der biegsamen Welle 39 kann ein Vierkant sein, der in eine entsprechende Ausnehmung im Teil 36a der Hülse 36 eingeführt ist.The reciprocating movement of the piston 12 is achieved in the stemmer of FIGS. 2a and 2b in that a cup-shaped sleeve 36 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the end of a flexible shaft 37 and in that this cup-shaped sleeve 36 has the same function as the drive spindle 7 of the embodiment of FIG. 1 takes over. The guide piece 37, which essentially corresponds to the guide piece 14 of FIG. 1, is here also provided with the balls 15 rotating in a guide track, which guide the ring 16 with the wobble arm 16a. The wobble arm 16a is articulated in a recess 38 in the sleeve 36. The guide piece 37, in turn, is, as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, firmly connected to the cylinder sleeve 27, which, as already mentioned, is guided in the housing 25 in a rotationally fixed manner. The guide piece 37 is rotatably seated with a pin 37a in the sleeve 36, in the region of the part 36a in which the end of the flexible shaft 39 is also held. The end 39a of the flexible shaft 39 can be a square, which is inserted into a corresponding recess in the part 36a of the sleeve 36.

Wie aus den Fig. 3 und 4 hervorgeht, gibt es verschiedene Möglichkeiten, die Zylinderhülse 37 drehfest in der Hülse 26 und im Gehäuse 25 zu führen. Fig. 2a und Fig. 3 zeigen die Möglichkeit, daß die Zylinderhülse mit axial verlaufenden Nuten 40 versehen ist, in denen Kugeln 41 laufen, die ihrerseits in axial verlaufende mit der Länge des Hubes der Zylinderhülse 27 ausgestattete Schlitze 43 eingreifen. Fig. 4 bzw. Fig. 2b zeigt die Möglichkeit, die Zylinderhülse 27 mit diametral gegenüberliegenden Rippen 44 zu versehen, die in axial verlaufende Nuten 45 der Führungshülse 26 eingreifen. Die Führungshülse 26 ist in den Fällen der Fig. 2a und 2b im Gehäuse 25 verpreßt. Sie kann auch noch durch Sicherungsstifte 46 gesichert werden.As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, there are various possibilities for guiding the cylinder sleeve 37 in a rotationally fixed manner in the sleeve 26 and in the housing 25. Fig. 2a and Fig. 3 show the possibility that the cylinder sleeve is provided with axially extending grooves 40, in which balls 41 run, which in turn engage in axially extending slots 43 equipped with the length of the stroke of the cylinder sleeve 27. 4 and FIG. 2b show the possibility of providing the cylinder sleeve 27 with diametrically opposite ribs 44 which engage in axially extending grooves 45 of the guide sleeve 26. In the cases of FIGS. 2a and 2b, the guide sleeve 26 is pressed in the housing 25. It can also be secured by locking pins 46.

Claims (8)

1. Percussion tool, particularly a hammer drill, on which the percussion action is exercised on the tool (29) in such a way, that a striker (10) which is operationally connected to a piston (12) acts on the end of the tool (29), whereby the piston (12) is located in a cylinder sleeve (13 and 27) arranged so that it has the same axis as a rotational drive (7 and 36), whereby a pressure which triggers its movement is generated in the cylinder sleeve by a periodical axial reciprocating movement in front of the piston (12) and whereby the drive for the reciprocating movement is constructed as a wobbling drive, characterised in that the axis of rotation of the wobbling drive coincides with the axis (17) of the rotational drive (7 and 36) and in that the wobbling drive consists of a guide piece (14 and 37) for a wobbling arm (16a) arranged so that it can be slid axially in a casing (4 and 25) so that it it cannot be rotated, whereby the wobbling arm is mounted so that it can be rotated on the guide piece (14 and 37) along a guideway (14b) which runs obliquely to a normal plane in relation to the rotational member (7) and whereby the free end of the wobbling arm is located on a sleeve (7 and 36) in an articulated arrangement so that the sleeve forms a rotational drive.
2. Percussion tool according to claim 1, characterised in that the sleeve is constructed as a drive bell (36) mounted in the casing (25), whereby the drive bell is driven through a flexible shaft (39) secured in it so that it has the same axis.
3. Percussion tool according to claim 2, characterised in that the guide piece (37) is connected rigidly to the cylinder sleeve (27) which is located in a casing (25) so that it cannot be rotated.
4. Percussion tool according to claim 3, characterised in that the cylinder sleeve (27) can be slid in a guide sleeve (26) which is seated rigidly in the casing (25) and which operates in conjunction with the cylinder sleeve in an axial form-closed arrangement.
5. Percussion tool according to claim 1, on which the cylinder sleeve is moved in a reciprocating movement by the drive, characterised in that the sleeve forms part of a hollow drive spindle (7) for a percussion drilling tool, in which the cylinder sleeve (13) is also mounted so that it can be slid.
6. Percussion tool according to claim 5, characterised in that the guide piece (14) is mounted axially on a guide pin (18) arranged so that it is coaxial to the axis (17) of the drive spindle (7).
7. Percussion tool according to claim 6, characterised in that the guide pin (18) is seated rigidly in the casing (4) and the guide piece (14) is located on this guide pin so that it can or cannot be rotaded according to the setting of a control arrangement.
8. Percussion tool according to claim 6, characterised in that the guide pin (18) is connected to the guide piece (14) so that it cannot be rotated, but is itself seated in the casing (4) so that it can or cannot be rotated according to the setting of a control arrangement.
EP84107161A 1983-06-25 1984-06-22 Percussive tool, particularly a hammer drill Expired EP0129865B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84107161T ATE33780T1 (en) 1983-06-25 1984-06-22 IMPACT TOOL, ESPECIALLY HAMMER DRILL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3322964A DE3322964A1 (en) 1983-06-25 1983-06-25 IMPACT TOOL, ESPECIALLY DRILLING HAMMER
DE3322964 1983-06-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0129865A1 EP0129865A1 (en) 1985-01-02
EP0129865B1 true EP0129865B1 (en) 1988-04-27

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84107161A Expired EP0129865B1 (en) 1983-06-25 1984-06-22 Percussive tool, particularly a hammer drill

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US (1) US4612999A (en)
EP (1) EP0129865B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE33780T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3322964A1 (en)

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US5823906A (en) * 1997-01-02 1998-10-20 Vanderbilt University Nutation motion generator
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CN212497586U (en) * 2018-02-14 2021-02-09 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 Hand tool
US11826891B2 (en) * 2019-10-21 2023-11-28 Makita Corporation Power tool having hammer mechanism

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3322964A1 (en) 1985-01-24
DE3322964C2 (en) 1987-07-09
US4612999A (en) 1986-09-23
EP0129865A1 (en) 1985-01-02
ATE33780T1 (en) 1988-05-15
DE3470679D1 (en) 1988-06-01

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