EP2245205B1 - Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique renforcee de fibres ceramiques - Google Patents
Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique renforcee de fibres ceramiques Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2245205B1 EP2245205B1 EP08867577A EP08867577A EP2245205B1 EP 2245205 B1 EP2245205 B1 EP 2245205B1 EP 08867577 A EP08867577 A EP 08867577A EP 08867577 A EP08867577 A EP 08867577A EP 2245205 B1 EP2245205 B1 EP 2245205B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- insert
- cover
- metal
- housing
- machined
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 208000031968 Cadaver Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/025—Aligning or orienting the fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49009—Dynamoelectric machine
- Y10T29/49012—Rotor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
- Y10T29/49336—Blade making
- Y10T29/49339—Hollow blade
- Y10T29/49341—Hollow blade with cooling passage
- Y10T29/49343—Passage contains tubular insert
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49801—Shaping fiber or fibered material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
- Y10T29/49966—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener with supplemental joining
- Y10T29/49968—Metal fusion joining
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49995—Shaping one-piece blank by removing material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the manufacture of metal parts comprising internal reinforcements formed of ceramic fibers, and comprising the incorporation of a composite material insert of the type consisting of ceramic fibers in a metal matrix.
- Ceramic fibers are for example silicon carbide fibers, SiC, which have a tensile strength and compression much higher than that of a metal such as titanium.
- metal matrix ceramic son which comprise a ceramic fiber coated with metal. They are also called CMM fibers or coated wires.
- the metal provides the elasticity and flexibility to handle them.
- a known method of manufacturing such parts with reinforcement comprises producing a coil of wire coated around a mandrel.
- the coil is then incorporated into a container or metal main body in which a groove forming the housing for the insert has been machined beforehand.
- the depth of the groove is greater than the height of the winding.
- a lid is placed on the container and welded to its periphery.
- the cover has a post complementary shape to that of the groove, and its height is adapted to that of the coil placed in the groove so as to fill the groove.
- a hot isostatic pressing step is then carried out during which the lid is deformed and the winding is compressed by the tenon.
- the technique of hot isostatic compression consists in arranging the part in an enclosure where it is subjected to a high pressure of the order of 1000 bar and a temperature also high, of the order of 1000 ° C. for a few hours.
- the metallic sheaths of the coated wires are welded together and with the walls of the groove, by diffusion, to form a dense set composed of a metal alloy in which the ceramic fibers extend annularly.
- the resulting part is then machined to the desired shape.
- the method allows the manufacture of axisymmetric aeronautical parts such as rotor discs or monobloc bladed disks as well as shafts, cylinder bodies, housings, etc.
- the applicant has developed a method of manufacturing elongated parts incorporating an insert with straight portions contributing to the transmission of unidirectional tensile forces and / or compression. This process is described in the patent application FR07 / 05453 of July 26, 2007 .
- the Applicant has also developed a method of manufacturing a rectilinear insert. It consists in producing a coil-shaped insert blank, compacting it in a container by hot isostatic pressing and then machining the rectilinear inserts in the compacted container. Such a process is described in the patent application FR 07/05454 of 26 July 2007 .
- the patent FR 2886290 In the name of Snecma proposes to realize, according to a variant, the winding directly on the main body. Instead of a groove there are two shoulders in it. The first has a bearing surface for the direct winding of a coated wire. This surface is parallel to the winding direction.
- the groove is reconstituted by placing a piece on the main body which is of complementary shape to that of a second shoulder forming a step relative to the first shoulder. Then we have the cover with the pin on the insert that has just wound and compacts the whole. This solution only partially solves the manufacturing problem because the assembly remains complex.
- metal parts comprising one or more metal matrix composite reinforcements from coiled fiber winding and a container - body and lid.
- These structures are efficient but have a high manufacturing cost.
- the machining of the main body of the container with its lid represents a significant fraction of the total cost of the parts.
- the applicant has set itself the objective of improving the process for manufacturing elongated parts in the sense of simplifying the steps of the range and reducing costs.
- the invention is based on the observation that the machining of a rectilinear groove passing through the entire body of the container is much easier to master than a non-through groove.
- the solution of the invention is of particular interest with the introduction of two inserts, of elongate shape, arranged in two parallel rectilinear branches or not.
- an annular insert with two rectilinear branches interconnected by two parts arcuate.
- the housing is machined according to the precise shape of the insert. Adjusting the shape of the housing to that of the insert has proved to be a very delicate and expensive operation.
- the machining and setting up more simple without sacrificing the strength of the piece in the end since the fibers work essentially in their longitudinal direction in the central section of the piece.
- the lid comprises a plate and one or more tabs secured to the plate. More particularly, the plate and the tongue or tabs are obtained by machining the same thick plate. According to one variant, the tongue or tabs and the plate form separate pieces.
- a chamfer is machined on the upper edge of the groove forming the housing of the insert. This chamfer allows the gradual settlement of the tongue on the insert and to obtain a gradual deformation, that is to say without discontinuity.
- the invention is particularly advantageous when the insert is of polygonal cross section, in particular rectangular. It can be oval or circular.
- the insert is either formed of bundled metal-coated fibers or formed of ceramic fibers in a single metal matrix.
- FIG. 1 On the figure 1 , extracted from the patent application FR 07/05453 , we see a container 1 with a main body 4 of elongate shape, for forming a connecting rod of a landing gear for example.
- a groove 41 has been machined on each of the two faces of the body 4. This groove makes it possible to hold an insert 3 which comprises two rectilinear portions parallel or not between them joined at the ends by a portion of an arc of a circle.
- the inserts are of the ceramic fiber type coated with metal such as titanium.
- the grooves and the inserts are complementary shapes so that the insert is fit without play in the groove.
- the groove in the container and the pin on the cover must be perfectly assembled to prevent the fibers, which have a very small diameter, 0.25 mm can not escape during hot isostatic compaction.
- Two covers 5 are provided with a projecting portion forming a pin 51 and cover the faces of the body 4. The ten bears on the insert housed in the groove and closes the latter.
- the cover 5 is welded, for example by electron beam, to the body 4, providing a vacuum inside the container.
- the container is visible on the figure 1b ; it is partly torn off to show the inserts.
- the container is then placed in an enclosure to undergo hot isostatic compression treatment.
- the cross-section of the container of the figure 1c shows that the edges 42 of the groove 41 are chamfered so as to provide a clearance with the part of the cover 5 adjacent to the pin 51.
- the pressure is exerted in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the lid generating the collapse of the lids.
- the pressure and the heat of the order of 1000 ° C. and 1000 bars, allow the metal of the matrix to occupy the voids between the coated wires constituting the insert.
- the volume of the insert decreases by about 23%. The tenon is thus moved down and the game on both sides of the tenon is absorbed.
- the figure 1d represents the part blank obtained with two inserts visible in transparency.
- the blank is then machined so as to obtain the part 8 represented on the figure 2 .
- This part 8 has recesses 81 between the branches 82.
- the ceramic fibers are incorporated in the branches 82 which ensure the transmission of forces in traction and compression.
- the inserts used are ring-shaped but as described in the patent application FR 07/05454 they can be formed of rectilinear elements in bars. In the latter case the rectilinear elements are incorporated in the container after being compacted before.
- a metal body 10 of elongate shape with respect to the figure is shown an upper face 10A and a lower face 10B.
- Two rectilinear grooves 10A1, 10A2 and 10B1, 10B2 were machined on each of the two faces.
- the grooves pass through the body 10 in the direction of the length and open into the two end faces 10C and 10D.
- the length of the grooves is equal to that L of the body 10. They serve as housing for rectilinear inserts 11, formed of bundles of coated ceramic fibers and of length 1 less than L.
- the upper edge 10A1 ', 10A2', 10B1 'and 10B2 'of the groove portion forming the housing of the inserts is chamfered.
- a tongue 14 covers each insert 11 disposed in its housing.
- the tongue 14 of the same length L that the body 10 comprises a cutting height so as to form two end portions 14a and 14b and a central portion 14c of length 1.
- the plate 12 covers the upper face 10A respectively lower 10B of the body 10.
- the height of the tongue is equal to the depth of the groove which must be sufficient to contain the insert 11.
- the method of the invention thus makes it possible to produce any elongate piece incorporating one or more rectilinear inserts.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Description
- La présente invention concerne la fabrication de pièces métalliques comportant des renforts internes formés de fibres céramiques, et comprenant l'incorporation d'un insert en matériau composite du type constitué de fibres céramiques dans une matrice métallique
- Dans le but de réduire la masse des pièces métalliques tout en leur assurant une plus grande résistance notamment en traction ou en compression, il est connu d'incorporer des fibres céramiques dans la masse. Il s'agit par exemple de fibres de carbure de silicium, SiC, qui présentent une résistance à la traction et la compression largement supérieure à celle d'un métal comme le titane.
- La fabrication de ces pièces passe par la formation préalable d'inserts à partir de fils céramiques à matrice métallique qui comprennent une fibre céramique enduite de métal. Ils sont désignés aussi fibres CMM ou fils enduits. Le métal procure l'élasticité et la souplesse nécessaires à leur manipulation.
- Un procédé connu de fabrication de telles pièces avec renfort comprend la réalisation d'un bobinage de fil enduit autour d'un mandrin. Le bobinage est ensuite incorporé dans un conteneur ou corps principal métallique dans lequel on a usiné au préalable une rainure formant le logement pour l'insert. La profondeur de la rainure est supérieure à la hauteur du bobinage. Un couvercle est placé sur le conteneur et soudé à sa périphérie. Le couvercle présente un tenon de forme complémentaire à celle de la rainure, et sa hauteur est adaptée à celle du bobinage placé dans la rainure de façon à venir combler la rainure. On procède ensuite à une étape de compression isostatique à chaud au cours de laquelle le couvercle est déformé et le bobinage est comprimé par le tenon.
- La technique de compression isostatique à chaud consiste à disposer la pièce dans une enceinte où elle est soumise à une pression élevée de l'ordre de 1000 bars et une température également élevée, de l'ordre de 1000°C pendant quelques heures.
- Au cours de ce traitement les gaines métalliques des fils enduits se soudent entre elles et avec les parois de la rainure, par diffusion, pour former un ensemble dense composé d'un alliage métallique au sein duquel s'étendent annulairement les fibres céramiques. La pièce obtenue est ensuite usinée à la forme souhaitée.
- Le procédé permet la fabrication de pièces aéronautiques axisymétriques telles que des disques de rotor ou des disques aubagés monoblocs mais aussi des arbres, des corps de vérin, des carters, etc.
- L'usinage de la rainure dans le corps principal est difficile à réaliser notamment en raison des faibles rayons dans le fond de la rainure. Ce faible rayon est nécessaire pour permettre le logement de l'insert qui a une section rectangulaire. L'usinage du tenon correspondant dans le couvercle n'est pas aisé non plus a cause des angles non débouchants.
- La demanderesse a développé un procédé de fabrication de pièces de forme allongée et incorporant un insert avec des parties rectilignes contribuant à la transmission des efforts de traction et/ou de compression unidirectionnels. Ce procédé est décrit dans la demande de brevet
FR07/05453 du 26 juillet 2007 FR 07/05454 du 26 juillet 2007 - Cependant lorsque les pièces à réaliser ne sont pas axisymétriques mais sont longues, avec une forme ovale ou bien avec des portions rectilignes, un ajustement précis sur des longueurs importantes est difficile à obtenir. Cela est encore plus difficile pour des inserts formés de fils enduits très rigides, en raison des fibres céramiques qui obligent la réalisation de logements dans lequel ils s'adaptent parfaitement et ne doivent par permettre à une fibre de s'échapper.
- Au lieu de fabriquer l'insert séparément puis de le transférer dans la rainure du corps principal, le brevet
FR 2886290 - Ainsi les techniques actuelles de fabrication permettent de créer des pièces métalliques comportant un ou plusieurs renforts en composites à matrice métallique à partir de bobinage de fibres enduites et d'un conteneur - corps et couvercle. Ces structures sont performantes mais ont un coût de fabrication élevé. En particulier l'usinage du corps principal du conteneur avec son couvercle représente une fraction importante du coût total des pièces.
- La demanderesse s'est fixé comme objectif d'améliorer le procédé de fabrication de pièces de forme allongée dans le sens d'une simplification des étapes de la gamme et d'une réduction des coûts.
- On parvient à cet objectif, conformément à l'invention, avec un procédé de fabrication d'une pièce métallique renforcée de fibres céramiques, selon lequel :
- on usine, dans un corps métallique présentant une face supérieure, un logement pour un insert,
- on dispose un insert formé d'un faisceau de fibres à matrice métallique dans le logement,
- on place un couvercle métallique sur le corps de façon à recouvrir l'insert,
- on soude le couvercle sur le corps métallique,
- on traite l'ensemble du corps métallique avec couvercle par compression isostatique à chaud et
- on usine ledit ensemble traité pour obtenir ladite pièce,
- L'invention repose sur la constatation que l'usinage d'une rainure rectiligne traversant tout le corps du conteneur est beaucoup plus simple à maîtriser qu'une rainure non débouchante. La solution de l'invention présente un intérêt particulier avec la mise en place de deux inserts, de forme allongée, agencés selon deux branches rectilignes parallèles ou non. Selon la technique antérieure, pour obtenir deux renforts internes longitudinaux, on réalise au préalable un insert de forme annulaire avec deux branches rectilignes reliées entre elles par deux parties en arc de cercle. Ensuite on usine le logement en fonction de la forme précise de l'insert. Ajuster la forme du logement à celle de l'insert s'est révélé être une opération très délicate et onéreuse. Ainsi en supprimant l'arrondi on rend l'usinage et la mise en place plus simples sans sacrifier à la résistance de la pièce au final puisque les fibres travaillent essentiellement selon leur direction longitudinale dans la section centrale de la pièce.
- Dans la pratique le couvercle comprend une plaque et une ou plusieurs languettes solidaires de la plaque. Plus particulièrement la plaque et la ou les languettes sont obtenues par usinage d'une même plaque épaisse. Selon une variante, la ou les languettes et la plaque forment des pièces séparées.
- De préférence, on usine un chanfrein sur le bord supérieur de la rainure formant le logement de l'insert. Ce chanfrein permet le tassement progressif de la languette sur l'insert et d'obtenir une déformée progressive, c'est-à-dire sans discontinuité.
- L'invention est particulièrement avantageuse quand l'insert est à section transversale polygonale, notamment rectangulaire. Elle peut être aussi ovale ou circulaire. L'insert est soit formé de fibres enduites de métal assemblées en faisceau soit formé de fibres céramiques dans une seule matrice métallique.
- On décrit maintenant l'invention plus en détail en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels
- La
figure 1 montre les différentes étapes 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d de fabrication d'une pièce de forme allongée selon l'art antérieur connu du présent déposant ; - La
figure 2 montre un exemple de pièce obtenue après usinage d'un conteneur incorporant des inserts ; - La
figure 3 montre en perspective un corps métallique usiné conformément à l'invention ; - La
figure 4 montre en perspective des languettes associées à une plaque pour former le couvercle fermant le corps métallique de lafigure 3 ; - La
figure 5 montre en perspective éclatée les différents composants avant leur assemblage. - Sur la
figure 1 , extraite de la demande de brevetFR 07/05453 figure 1b ; il est en partie arraché pour montrer les inserts. Le conteneur est ensuite disposé dans une enceinte pour subir un traitement de compression isostatique à chaud. La coupe transversale du conteneur de lafigure 1c montre que les bords 42 de la rainure 41 sont chanfreinés de manière à ménager un jeu avec la partie du couvercle 5 adjacente au tenon 51. Lors de l'opération de compression isostatique à chaud, la pression est exercée selon la direction perpendiculaire à la surface du couvercle générant l'affaissement des couvercles. La pression et la chaleur, de l'ordre de 1000°C et 1000 bars permettent au métal de la matrice d'occuper les vides entre les fils enduits constituant l'insert. Le volume de l'insert diminue d'environ 23%. Le tenon est ainsi déplacé vers le bas et le jeu de part et d'autre du tenon est absorbé. À la fin du processus, le métal a fusionné et le conteneur s'est compacté; la pièce est ainsi renforcée par les fils emprisonnés dans la masse. Lafigure 1d représente l'ébauche de pièce obtenue avec deux inserts visibles en transparence. L'ébauche est ensuite usinée de manière à obtenir la pièce 8 représentée sur lafigure 2 . Cette pièce 8 présente des évidements 81 entre les branches 82. Les fibres céramiques sont incorporées dans les branches 82 qui assurent la transmission des efforts en traction et compression. Les inserts utilisés sont de forme annulaire mais comme cela l'a été décrit dans la demande de brevetFR 07/05454 - La solution de l'invention permet d'obtenir de telles pièces de façon plus économique.
- En se reportant aux
figures 3, 4 et5 , on voit un corps métallique 10 de forme allongée avec par rapport à la figure une face supérieure 10A et une face inférieure 10B. On a usiné sur chacune des deux faces deux rainures rectilignes 10A1, 10A2 et 10B1, 10B2. Les rainures traversent le corps 10 dans le sens de la longueur et débouchent dans les deux faces 10C et 10D d'extrémité. La longueur des rainures est égale à celle L du corps 10. Elles servent de logement à des inserts rectilignes 11, formés de faisceaux de fibres céramiques enduites et de longueur 1 inférieure à L. Le bord supérieur 10A1', 10A2', 10B1' et 10B2' de la partie de la rainure formant logement des inserts est chanfreiné. Une languette 14 recouvre chaque insert 11 disposé dans son logement. La languette 14 de même longueur L que le corps 10 comprend une découpe en hauteur de manière à former deux portions d'extrémité 14a et 14b ainsi qu'une portion centrale 14c de longueur 1. La plaque 12 vient recouvrir la face supérieure 10A respectivement inférieure 10B du corps 10. La hauteur de la languette est égale à la profondeur de la rainure qui doit être suffisante pour contenir l'insert 11. - La fabrication d'un exemple de pièce selon l'invention avec 4 inserts comprend ainsi les étapes suivantes :
- On prépare un corps 10 métallique, en alliage de titane par exemple, avec une face plane supérieure et une face plane inférieure ;
- On usine deux rainures rectilignes ouvertes 10A1, 10A2 respectivement 10B1 10B2 sur chacune des deux faces, supérieure et inférieure. Les rainures débouchent sur les faces d'extrémité du corps. Cette opération est relativement simple car on n' à considérer que la profondeur et la largeur de la rainure.
- On usine deux zones centrales chanfreinées 10A1', 10A2' respectivement 10B1', 10B2' sur les faces libres des rainures, de longueur correspondant à celle des inserts.
- On met en place les inserts 11 dans les rainures au niveau des zones chanfreinées. Conformément à une première réalisation les inserts sont formés d'un faisceau assemblé de fibres rectilignes enduites. Conformément à un deuxième mode de réalisation préféré les inserts sont préfabriqués selon la méthode décrite dans la demande de brevet
FR 07/05454 - On met en place les languettes 14 sur les inserts 11 avec la portion centrale 14c le long de l'insert et les portions d'extrémité 14a et 14b en bout de l'insert 11.
- On place les plaques et on les soude sous vide sur les faces du corps 10.
- On introduit les conteneurs ainsi préparés dans une enceinte à compression isostatique à chaud.
- On chauffe et on met en compression pour une compaction du conteneur.
- L'ébauche obtenue est prête pour être usinée.
- On obtient par exemple la pièce de la
figure 2 . - Au lieu de rapporter séparément les languettes 14 et la plaque 12, on peut réaliser ces deux parties en un seule pièce par usinage des languettes dans une plaque épaisse. Le résultat obtenu est le même a priori.
- Le procédé de l'invention permet ainsi de réaliser toute pièce de forme allongée incorporant un ou plusieurs inserts rectilignes.
Claims (9)
- Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce métallique renforcée de fibres céramiques, selon lequel
on usine, dans un corps métallique (10) présentant une face supérieure (10A, 10B), au moins un logement pour un insert,
on dispose au moins un insert (11) formé d'un faisceau de fibres à matrice métallique dans le logement,
on place un couvercle métallique (12) sur le corps de façon à recouvrir l' insert (11),
on soude le couvercle (12) sur le corps métallique (10),
on traite l'ensemble du corps métallique avec couvercle par compression isostatique à chaud et
on usine ledit ensemble traité pour obtenir ladite pièce,
caractérisé par le fait que l'insert (11) est rectiligne, et le logement forme une rainure rectiligne (10A1, 10A2, 10B1, 10B2) qui se prolonge au-delà de l'insert et est ouverte à chaque extrémité, ladite rainure étant comblée par une languette (14) au moment de la fermeture par le couvercle (12). - Procédé selon la revendication précédente selon lequel la languette (14) est solidaire d'une plaque (12) formant le couvercle.
- Procédé selon la revendication précédente selon lequel la languette est solidaire de la plaque et est obtenue par usinage d'une plaque épaisse pour former le couvercle.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 dont la languette (14) est séparée de la plaque (12) du couvercle.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes selon lequel, on usine un chanfrein (10A1', 10A2', 10B1', 10B2') sur le bord supérieur de la rainure (10A1, 10A2, 10B1, 10B2) formant le logement de l'insert (11).
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes selon lequel l'insert est à section transversale polygonale, notamment rectangulaire, ovale ou circulaire.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes dont l'insert est formé de fibres enduites de métal assemblées en faisceau.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6 selon lequel l'insert est formé de fibres céramiques dans une matrice métallique.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes selon lequel on dispose au moins un deuxième insert dans le corps métallique.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0709172A FR2925896B1 (fr) | 2007-12-28 | 2007-12-28 | Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique renforcee de fibres ceramiques |
PCT/EP2008/068294 WO2009083573A1 (fr) | 2007-12-28 | 2008-12-24 | Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique renforcee de fibres ceramiques |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2245205A1 EP2245205A1 (fr) | 2010-11-03 |
EP2245205B1 true EP2245205B1 (fr) | 2011-07-13 |
Family
ID=40110945
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08867577A Active EP2245205B1 (fr) | 2007-12-28 | 2008-12-24 | Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique renforcee de fibres ceramiques |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8458886B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2245205B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5539222B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101952473B (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE516381T1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0821441A8 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2710547C (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2373388T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2925896B1 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL206628A0 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2477762C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009083573A1 (fr) |
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WO2013033592A1 (fr) | 2011-08-31 | 2013-03-07 | Volcano Corporation | Joint rotatif électro-optique et procédés d'utilisation |
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-
2007
- 2007-12-28 FR FR0709172A patent/FR2925896B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-12-24 US US12/810,949 patent/US8458886B2/en active Active
- 2008-12-24 CN CN200880123122.2A patent/CN101952473B/zh active Active
- 2008-12-24 WO PCT/EP2008/068294 patent/WO2009083573A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2008-12-24 AT AT08867577T patent/ATE516381T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-12-24 CA CA2710547A patent/CA2710547C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-12-24 JP JP2010540143A patent/JP5539222B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-12-24 EP EP08867577A patent/EP2245205B1/fr active Active
- 2008-12-24 ES ES08867577T patent/ES2373388T3/es active Active
- 2008-12-24 RU RU2010131656/02A patent/RU2477762C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-12-24 BR BRPI0821441A patent/BRPI0821441A8/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2010
- 2010-06-24 IL IL206628A patent/IL206628A0/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8458886B2 (en) | 2013-06-11 |
BRPI0821441A2 (pt) | 2015-06-16 |
FR2925896A1 (fr) | 2009-07-03 |
RU2477762C2 (ru) | 2013-03-20 |
IL206628A0 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
ES2373388T3 (es) | 2012-02-03 |
CA2710547A1 (fr) | 2009-07-09 |
CA2710547C (fr) | 2016-11-08 |
CN101952473A (zh) | 2011-01-19 |
RU2010131656A (ru) | 2012-02-10 |
US20110005061A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
EP2245205A1 (fr) | 2010-11-03 |
FR2925896B1 (fr) | 2010-02-05 |
JP5539222B2 (ja) | 2014-07-02 |
WO2009083573A1 (fr) | 2009-07-09 |
CN101952473B (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
ATE516381T1 (de) | 2011-07-15 |
BRPI0821441A8 (pt) | 2016-02-10 |
JP2011508677A (ja) | 2011-03-17 |
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