EP2245205B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines keramikfaserverstärkten metallteils - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung eines keramikfaserverstärkten metallteils Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2245205B1
EP2245205B1 EP08867577A EP08867577A EP2245205B1 EP 2245205 B1 EP2245205 B1 EP 2245205B1 EP 08867577 A EP08867577 A EP 08867577A EP 08867577 A EP08867577 A EP 08867577A EP 2245205 B1 EP2245205 B1 EP 2245205B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insert
cover
metal
housing
machined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08867577A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2245205A1 (de
Inventor
Richard Masson
Dominique Ducos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Landing Systems SAS
Original Assignee
Messier Dowty SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messier Dowty SA filed Critical Messier Dowty SA
Publication of EP2245205A1 publication Critical patent/EP2245205A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2245205B1 publication Critical patent/EP2245205B1/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/025—Aligning or orienting the fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49009—Dynamoelectric machine
    • Y10T29/49012—Rotor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/49336—Blade making
    • Y10T29/49339—Hollow blade
    • Y10T29/49341—Hollow blade with cooling passage
    • Y10T29/49343—Passage contains tubular insert
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49801—Shaping fiber or fibered material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
    • Y10T29/49966—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener with supplemental joining
    • Y10T29/49968—Metal fusion joining
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49995—Shaping one-piece blank by removing material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of metal parts comprising internal reinforcements formed of ceramic fibers, and comprising the incorporation of a composite material insert of the type consisting of ceramic fibers in a metal matrix.
  • Ceramic fibers are for example silicon carbide fibers, SiC, which have a tensile strength and compression much higher than that of a metal such as titanium.
  • metal matrix ceramic son which comprise a ceramic fiber coated with metal. They are also called CMM fibers or coated wires.
  • the metal provides the elasticity and flexibility to handle them.
  • a known method of manufacturing such parts with reinforcement comprises producing a coil of wire coated around a mandrel.
  • the coil is then incorporated into a container or metal main body in which a groove forming the housing for the insert has been machined beforehand.
  • the depth of the groove is greater than the height of the winding.
  • a lid is placed on the container and welded to its periphery.
  • the cover has a post complementary shape to that of the groove, and its height is adapted to that of the coil placed in the groove so as to fill the groove.
  • a hot isostatic pressing step is then carried out during which the lid is deformed and the winding is compressed by the tenon.
  • the technique of hot isostatic compression consists in arranging the part in an enclosure where it is subjected to a high pressure of the order of 1000 bar and a temperature also high, of the order of 1000 ° C. for a few hours.
  • the metallic sheaths of the coated wires are welded together and with the walls of the groove, by diffusion, to form a dense set composed of a metal alloy in which the ceramic fibers extend annularly.
  • the resulting part is then machined to the desired shape.
  • the method allows the manufacture of axisymmetric aeronautical parts such as rotor discs or monobloc bladed disks as well as shafts, cylinder bodies, housings, etc.
  • the applicant has developed a method of manufacturing elongated parts incorporating an insert with straight portions contributing to the transmission of unidirectional tensile forces and / or compression. This process is described in the patent application FR07 / 05453 of July 26, 2007 .
  • the Applicant has also developed a method of manufacturing a rectilinear insert. It consists in producing a coil-shaped insert blank, compacting it in a container by hot isostatic pressing and then machining the rectilinear inserts in the compacted container. Such a process is described in the patent application FR 07/05454 of 26 July 2007 .
  • the patent FR 2886290 In the name of Snecma proposes to realize, according to a variant, the winding directly on the main body. Instead of a groove there are two shoulders in it. The first has a bearing surface for the direct winding of a coated wire. This surface is parallel to the winding direction.
  • the groove is reconstituted by placing a piece on the main body which is of complementary shape to that of a second shoulder forming a step relative to the first shoulder. Then we have the cover with the pin on the insert that has just wound and compacts the whole. This solution only partially solves the manufacturing problem because the assembly remains complex.
  • metal parts comprising one or more metal matrix composite reinforcements from coiled fiber winding and a container - body and lid.
  • These structures are efficient but have a high manufacturing cost.
  • the machining of the main body of the container with its lid represents a significant fraction of the total cost of the parts.
  • the applicant has set itself the objective of improving the process for manufacturing elongated parts in the sense of simplifying the steps of the range and reducing costs.
  • the invention is based on the observation that the machining of a rectilinear groove passing through the entire body of the container is much easier to master than a non-through groove.
  • the solution of the invention is of particular interest with the introduction of two inserts, of elongate shape, arranged in two parallel rectilinear branches or not.
  • an annular insert with two rectilinear branches interconnected by two parts arcuate.
  • the housing is machined according to the precise shape of the insert. Adjusting the shape of the housing to that of the insert has proved to be a very delicate and expensive operation.
  • the machining and setting up more simple without sacrificing the strength of the piece in the end since the fibers work essentially in their longitudinal direction in the central section of the piece.
  • the lid comprises a plate and one or more tabs secured to the plate. More particularly, the plate and the tongue or tabs are obtained by machining the same thick plate. According to one variant, the tongue or tabs and the plate form separate pieces.
  • a chamfer is machined on the upper edge of the groove forming the housing of the insert. This chamfer allows the gradual settlement of the tongue on the insert and to obtain a gradual deformation, that is to say without discontinuity.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous when the insert is of polygonal cross section, in particular rectangular. It can be oval or circular.
  • the insert is either formed of bundled metal-coated fibers or formed of ceramic fibers in a single metal matrix.
  • FIG. 1 On the figure 1 , extracted from the patent application FR 07/05453 , we see a container 1 with a main body 4 of elongate shape, for forming a connecting rod of a landing gear for example.
  • a groove 41 has been machined on each of the two faces of the body 4. This groove makes it possible to hold an insert 3 which comprises two rectilinear portions parallel or not between them joined at the ends by a portion of an arc of a circle.
  • the inserts are of the ceramic fiber type coated with metal such as titanium.
  • the grooves and the inserts are complementary shapes so that the insert is fit without play in the groove.
  • the groove in the container and the pin on the cover must be perfectly assembled to prevent the fibers, which have a very small diameter, 0.25 mm can not escape during hot isostatic compaction.
  • Two covers 5 are provided with a projecting portion forming a pin 51 and cover the faces of the body 4. The ten bears on the insert housed in the groove and closes the latter.
  • the cover 5 is welded, for example by electron beam, to the body 4, providing a vacuum inside the container.
  • the container is visible on the figure 1b ; it is partly torn off to show the inserts.
  • the container is then placed in an enclosure to undergo hot isostatic compression treatment.
  • the cross-section of the container of the figure 1c shows that the edges 42 of the groove 41 are chamfered so as to provide a clearance with the part of the cover 5 adjacent to the pin 51.
  • the pressure is exerted in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the lid generating the collapse of the lids.
  • the pressure and the heat of the order of 1000 ° C. and 1000 bars, allow the metal of the matrix to occupy the voids between the coated wires constituting the insert.
  • the volume of the insert decreases by about 23%. The tenon is thus moved down and the game on both sides of the tenon is absorbed.
  • the figure 1d represents the part blank obtained with two inserts visible in transparency.
  • the blank is then machined so as to obtain the part 8 represented on the figure 2 .
  • This part 8 has recesses 81 between the branches 82.
  • the ceramic fibers are incorporated in the branches 82 which ensure the transmission of forces in traction and compression.
  • the inserts used are ring-shaped but as described in the patent application FR 07/05454 they can be formed of rectilinear elements in bars. In the latter case the rectilinear elements are incorporated in the container after being compacted before.
  • a metal body 10 of elongate shape with respect to the figure is shown an upper face 10A and a lower face 10B.
  • Two rectilinear grooves 10A1, 10A2 and 10B1, 10B2 were machined on each of the two faces.
  • the grooves pass through the body 10 in the direction of the length and open into the two end faces 10C and 10D.
  • the length of the grooves is equal to that L of the body 10. They serve as housing for rectilinear inserts 11, formed of bundles of coated ceramic fibers and of length 1 less than L.
  • the upper edge 10A1 ', 10A2', 10B1 'and 10B2 'of the groove portion forming the housing of the inserts is chamfered.
  • a tongue 14 covers each insert 11 disposed in its housing.
  • the tongue 14 of the same length L that the body 10 comprises a cutting height so as to form two end portions 14a and 14b and a central portion 14c of length 1.
  • the plate 12 covers the upper face 10A respectively lower 10B of the body 10.
  • the height of the tongue is equal to the depth of the groove which must be sufficient to contain the insert 11.
  • the method of the invention thus makes it possible to produce any elongate piece incorporating one or more rectilinear inserts.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Teils, das mit Keramikfasern verstärkt ist, wobei
    mindestens eine Aufnahme für ein Einlegeteil in einem Metallkörper (10), der eine Oberseite (10A, 10B) aufweist, ausgeführt wird,
    mindestens ein Einlegeteil (11), das aus einem Metallmatrix-Faserverbund geformt wird, in der Aufnahme angeordnet wird,
    eine metallische Abdeckung (12) auf dem Körper positioniert wird, um das Einlegeteil (11) zu bedecken,
    die Abdeckung (12) auf den Metallkörper (10) geschweißt wird,
    die Baugruppe bestehend aus Metallkörper mit Abdeckung durch heißisostatisches Pressen behandelt wird, und
    die Baugruppe ausgeführt wird, um das Teil zu erhalten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Einlegeteil (11) geradlinig ist und die Aufnahme eine geradlinige Rille (10A1, 10A2, 10B1, 10B2) bildet, die sich über das Einlegeteil hinaus fortsetzt und an jedem Ende offen ist, wobei die Rille zum Zeitpunkt des Verschließens durch die Abdeckung (12) mit einer Lasche (14) geschlossen wird.
  2. Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei die Lasche (14) fest mit einer Platte (12) verbunden ist, die den Deckel bildet.
  3. Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei die Lasche fest mit der Platte verbunden ist und durch Ausführung einer dicken Platte erlangt wird, um die Abdeckung zu bilden.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Lasche (14) und die Platte (12) der Abdeckung separate Teile sind.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei eine Fase (10A1', 10A2', 10B1', 10B2') an der Oberkante der Rille (10A1, 10A2, 10B1, 10B2), die die Aufnahme für das Einlegeteil (11) bildet, ausgeführt wird.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Einlegeteil einen polygonalen Querschnitt, insbesondere einen rechteckigen, ovalen oder kreisförmigen, aufweist.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Einlegeteil aus metallbeschichteten Fasern, die zu einem Bündel zusammengefasst sind, gebildet wird.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei das Einlegeteil aus Keramikfasern in einer Metallmatrix gebildet wird.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei mindestens ein zweites Einlegeteil im Metallkörper angeordnet wird.
EP08867577A 2007-12-28 2008-12-24 Verfahren zur herstellung eines keramikfaserverstärkten metallteils Active EP2245205B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0709172A FR2925896B1 (fr) 2007-12-28 2007-12-28 Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique renforcee de fibres ceramiques
PCT/EP2008/068294 WO2009083573A1 (fr) 2007-12-28 2008-12-24 Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique renforcee de fibres ceramiques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2245205A1 EP2245205A1 (de) 2010-11-03
EP2245205B1 true EP2245205B1 (de) 2011-07-13

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EP08867577A Active EP2245205B1 (de) 2007-12-28 2008-12-24 Verfahren zur herstellung eines keramikfaserverstärkten metallteils

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US8458886B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2245205B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5539222B2 (de)
CN (1) CN101952473B (de)
AT (1) ATE516381T1 (de)
BR (1) BRPI0821441A8 (de)
CA (1) CA2710547C (de)
ES (1) ES2373388T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2925896B1 (de)
IL (1) IL206628A0 (de)
RU (1) RU2477762C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2009083573A1 (de)

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FR2925895B1 (fr) * 2007-12-28 2010-02-05 Messier Dowty Sa Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique renforcee de fibres ceramiques
FR2925897B1 (fr) * 2007-12-28 2010-07-30 Messier Dowty Sa Procede de fabrication de pieces avec insert en materiau composite a matrice metallique
FR2933423B1 (fr) * 2008-07-04 2010-09-17 Messier Dowty Sa Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique renforcee de fibres ceramiques
KR101668879B1 (ko) * 2008-08-13 2016-10-24 오름코 코포레이션 심미적 치열교정용 브래킷 및 이의 제조방법
FR2950077B1 (fr) * 2009-09-11 2014-07-18 Messier Dowty Sa Procede de fabrication d'une bielle metallique renforcee par des fibres, et bielle ainsi obtenue
FR2952944B1 (fr) * 2009-11-25 2014-05-02 Messier Dowty Sa Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique composite a renforts internes en fibres, preforme de mise en oeuvre et piece metallique obtenue
FR2953859B1 (fr) * 2009-12-16 2013-12-20 Snecma Procede de fabrication d'un insert de forme droite en materiau composite a matrice metallique
GB201013440D0 (en) * 2010-08-11 2010-09-22 Rolls Royce Plc A method of manufacturing a fibre reinforced metal matrix composite article
US8944789B2 (en) * 2010-12-10 2015-02-03 National Oilwell Varco, L.P. Enhanced elastomeric stator insert via reinforcing agent distribution and orientation

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US20110005061A1 (en) 2011-01-13
FR2925896A1 (fr) 2009-07-03
BRPI0821441A2 (pt) 2015-06-16
RU2010131656A (ru) 2012-02-10
JP2011508677A (ja) 2011-03-17
CA2710547C (fr) 2016-11-08
US8458886B2 (en) 2013-06-11
ATE516381T1 (de) 2011-07-15
CA2710547A1 (fr) 2009-07-09
RU2477762C2 (ru) 2013-03-20
EP2245205A1 (de) 2010-11-03
JP5539222B2 (ja) 2014-07-02
BRPI0821441A8 (pt) 2016-02-10
CN101952473B (zh) 2012-07-18
ES2373388T3 (es) 2012-02-03
CN101952473A (zh) 2011-01-19
WO2009083573A1 (fr) 2009-07-09
FR2925896B1 (fr) 2010-02-05
IL206628A0 (en) 2010-12-30

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