EP2242888B1 - Elément préfabriqué pour une unité d'habitation - Google Patents

Elément préfabriqué pour une unité d'habitation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2242888B1
EP2242888B1 EP08872978.5A EP08872978A EP2242888B1 EP 2242888 B1 EP2242888 B1 EP 2242888B1 EP 08872978 A EP08872978 A EP 08872978A EP 2242888 B1 EP2242888 B1 EP 2242888B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
fact
longitudinal
flanges
installation
Prior art date
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Application number
EP08872978.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2242888A2 (fr
Inventor
David Damichey
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E04C2/382—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of concrete or other stone-like substance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a prefabricated element made of composite construction material made from crushed aggregates agglomerated with a binder such as for example high performance concrete, an individual residential or industrial or commercial unit which is the result of the assembly of several of said prefabricated elements, as well as the associated manufacturing and assembly methods.
  • a binder such as for example high performance concrete, an individual residential or industrial or commercial unit which is the result of the assembly of several of said prefabricated elements, as well as the associated manufacturing and assembly methods.
  • High performance concrete is a concrete having a minimum mechanical strength in compression, typically measured on 16 ⁇ 32 mm cylindrical specimens, of the order of 60 MPa (Mega Pascal).
  • the known modular units which have a reduced area of the order of 20 m 2 in order to be easily transported on the road, only very rarely satisfy the requirements of stability in time of their aesthetic and functional characteristics, such as, for example, the fire behavior and in particular the fire time.
  • This element comprises a plate with upper and lower flanges that generally define a box, as well as a plurality of ribs extending between the upper and lower flanges, parallel to the side flanges, and may be used in the construction of the walls, floor or floor. roof of a building.
  • this panel does not have organs for a seal and reinforced mechanical characteristics.
  • One of the aims of the present invention is to remedy these various disadvantages by proposing a prefabricated element made of composite construction material made from crushed aggregates agglomerated with a binder such as for example, high-performance concrete with as much equipment as possible; said prefabricated element, which has good acoustic and thermal mechanical characteristics, can be assembled with other similar elements to form a modular dwelling unit.
  • Said prefabricated element is also remarkable in that the vertical faces of the first and second flanges, the first and second ribs, which are substantially parallel to the front face of the partition, are covered by first rods allowing the fixing said inner lining and insulating materials.
  • the design of the present invention further allows for increased strength and significant weight gain.
  • the present invention also relates to a standardized modular housing unit composed of prefabricated elements, with an area of the order of 35 m 2 , and adapted to be, on the one hand, handled and transported on the edge individually and, on the other hand, assembled one by one in a horizontal or vertical direction to obtain a dwelling or a building of large area.
  • the housing units can have different levels of finish both indoor and outdoor facilitating the customization of the home.
  • the subject of the present invention is also, on the one hand, the method of producing said prefabricated elements and, on the other hand, the method of assembling said dwelling units.
  • a longitudinal prefabricated element according to the invention comprising a first rectangular generally large opening corresponding to a reservation for a full double French window (door frames and leaves) and a second generally rectangular opening of small dimensions corresponding to a reservation for a complete single window (frames and shutters); however, the number, shape and dimensions of these first and second 1 openings can be adapted to the customer's wishes.
  • the prefabricated longitudinal element 1 of generally rectangular shape consists of a vertical partition 2 of substantially constant thickness comprising a front face 3, a rear face 4 and a peripheral face 5, a first horizontal flange 6 perpendicularly from the end face 3 along each horizontal edge of said front face 3, a second vertical flange 7 perpendicularly issuing from the front face 3 along each vertical edge of said front face 3, first vertical ribs 8 extending perpendicularly from the front face 3 of said partition 2 and joining the two first flanges 6 and second horizontal ribs 9 perpendicularly from the end face 3 of said partition 2 and joining two consecutive first ribs 8 and a first rib 8 to a second flange 7.
  • the first and second flanges 6, 7, the first and second ribs 8, 9 form an advantageously regular grid of cells 10 of generally parallelepiped shape.
  • the first and second flanges 6, 7, the first and second ribs 8, 9, which are of generally rectangular sections, are advantageously of the same height so that their faces parallel to the front face 3 of the partition 2 form a substantially parallel plane at said front face 3.
  • the height of the various elements coming from the front face 3 is here denoted as the dimension in a direction perpendicular to said front face 3 and by width the dimension in a direction parallel to said front face 3
  • said cells 10 are filled with an insulating material 11.
  • said insulating material 11 is preferably a preformed block of insulation such as, for example, expanded foam.
  • the insulating material 11 may be substituted by any other thermal and acoustic insulator such as mineral wool, polystyrene or cellulose wadding or by any other material providing similar effects or by a superposition of different materials.
  • the partition 2, the first and second flanges 6, 7, the first and second ribs 8, 9 are made of composite construction material made from crushed aggregates agglomerated with a binder such as for example high performance concrete.
  • first rods 12 advantageously made of wood or derived medium of the type MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard) or the like.
  • said first rods 12 are preferably in the general form of inverted T whose central core, which is embedded in said construction material, is perforated.
  • the portion formed by the wings of the T makes it possible to receive first fastening means 13 making it possible to keep said insulating materials 11 in position.
  • the first fastening means 13 are pins for fixing said insulating materials 11 on the first rods 12, but they can obviously be replaced for any other similar fastening means such as for example glue.
  • the first rods 12 also allow the establishment of an inner lining 14 masking the entire grid of cells 10 and insulating materials 11 and allowing the possible installation of a wall decoration coating such as for example the wallpaper or paint.
  • Said rods 12 also serve to break the thermal bridge between the cell grid 10 and said inner lining 14.
  • Said inner lining 14 is preferably in the form of plasterboard plates, wood or the like placed in abutment and fixed to the first rods 12 by means of second fastening means 15.
  • Said second fastening means 15 are advantageously nails or wood screws.
  • the distance between the middle of two first ribs 8 will advantageously be a subset. multiple of the width of one of said interior trim panels 14.
  • the prefabricated element 1 comprises a first generally rectangular opening 16 of small dimensions passing right through the partition 2.
  • Said first opening 16 comprises a third flange 17 perpendicularly derived from the front face 3 of said partition 2 along the periphery of said first opening 16.
  • the third flange 17 is of generally rectangular section and preferably has a section identical to that of the first and second ribs 8, 9.
  • the vertical face of said third flange 17, parallel to said front face 3 is covered by a second rod advantageously identical to the first rods 12 and allowing, in particular, the fixing of inner trim plates 14 around said first opening 16 through the second fastening means 15 .
  • said first opening 16 is adapted to receive and allow the attachment of a complete single window (frames and leaves) not shown.
  • the prefabricated element 1 also comprises in the lower part a second generally rectangular opening 18 of large dimensions passing right through the partition 2 and opening on the lower horizontal edge of the assembly. composed of the partition 2 and the first flange 6.
  • the second opening 18 comprises a fourth flange 19 perpendicularly from the end face 3 along the upper horizontal edge and the vertical edges of said second opening 18 covered by third strips, in particular allowing the fixing of interior trim plates 14 around said second opening 18 by means of the second fixing means 15.
  • Said second opening 18 is able to receive and to allow the fixing of a complete double French window (frames and leaves) not shown.
  • the third and fourth flanges 17, 19 are made of composite construction material made from crushed aggregates agglomerated with a binder such as for example high performance concrete.
  • the skilled person may remove the first, second and third rods 12 by gluing the inner trim plates 14 on insulating materials 11 and fixing the assembly thus obtained directly on the first and second ribs 8, 9 by means of pegs for example, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the thermal bridge between the grid of cells 10 and the interior trim plates 14 is not broken.
  • the second flanges 7 are able to receive third fasteners 22.
  • Said third fasteners 22 allow a post-stressing of said construction material composite and include furs for subsequently setting up for example a threaded rod after manufacture the prefabricated element 1 to assemble said prefabricated element 1 vertical between two other similar prefabricated horizontal elements.
  • prefabricated elements 1 of great length and / or having many openings it is possible, without departing from the scope of the present invention, to add third additional intermediate fixing members 22, for example in a first rib 8 of double width, to increase the mechanical strength of said prefabricated element 1 during assembly.
  • the prefabricated element 1 thus formed also comprises a heel 23 creating at least one bearing face that allows both the assembly of different prefabricated elements 1 between them and the establishment of a seal at the junction of different prefabricated elements 1 by creating a sort of chicane.
  • Said heel 23 is derived perpendicularly from the peripheral face 5 of said prefabricated element 1.
  • said heel 23 is advantageously positioned, on the one hand, on the vertical sides and the lower horizontal side along the edges of said peripheral face 5 located on the side of the rear face 4 of the partition 2 and, on the other hand, on the upper horizontal side along the edge of said peripheral face 5 located on the side of the first flange 6 of the prefabricated element 1.
  • the heel 23 is present on the entire periphery of the prefabricated element 1 and is dimensioned according to its disposition as a post or a beam, which guarantees a good mechanical strength of the prefabricated element 1, especially at the right of a opening similar to said second opening 18 especially during handling operations of said prefabricated element 1.
  • the heel 23 is made of composite construction material manufactured from aggregates agglomerated with a binder such as for example high performance concrete.
  • the heel 23 furthermore has inclined portions 231 and / or chamfered portions 232 for, on the one hand, facilitating the assembly of the prefabricated elements together and, on the other hand, possibly allowing the installation of a joint sealing system to increase the sealing between the different prefabricated elements 1.
  • the prefabricated element 1 thus produced can be handled either by using the first and / or second fixing members 20, 21, or by using the handling members (not shown) such as slings, lifting pins or the like. providing the same effects. Handling devices can also be removable or not.
  • the prefabricated element 1 comprises sheaths (not shown) for the different networks (electricity, water, gas, ...) arranged between the partition 2 and the inner lining 14.
  • the element can be, depending on the chosen level of finish, delivered with complete electrical installation, doors, windows, shutters, interior and exterior paints, tiling, cladding, etc.
  • the design of the prefabricated element 1 grid cells 10 and the use of high performance concrete allow an increase in mechanical strength and a significant weight gain compared to traditional reinforced concrete.
  • the present invention relates to a standardized modular housing unit composed of prefabricated elements similar to the prefabricated element 1 described above.
  • said dwelling unit 30 comprises two longitudinal elements 31, two lateral elements 32, a low floor 33 and a high floor 34.
  • said longitudinal elements 31 have a heel 3112 perpendicularly derived from the peripheral face 3104 of said longitudinal elements 31.
  • Said longitudinal members 31 are also equipped with first and second fastening members 3113, 3114.
  • Said first fasteners 3113 are advantageously constituted by female members inserted perpendicular to the peripheral face 3104 in the first upper flange 3105 and through smooth holes from one side to the first upper flange 3105 perpendicular to the peripheral face 3104.
  • Said second fastening members 3114 are advantageously female members inserted perpendicular to the end face 3102 in the second flanges 3106.
  • Said longitudinal elements 31 are also equipped with third fasteners 3115 having a fur, such as for example a tube inserted into the second flanges 3106, and vertically passing right through said second flanges 3106.
  • third fasteners 3115 having a fur, such as for example a tube inserted into the second flanges 3106, and vertically passing right through said second flanges 3106.
  • the two lateral elements 32 have their cell grid 3209 oriented towards the interior of the dwelling unit 30 and filled with insulating materials 3210 and covered by a covering 3211.
  • said lateral elements 32 have a heel 3212 perpendicularly extending from the peripheral face 3204 of said lateral elements 32.
  • said lateral elements 32 are also equipped with first and second fasteners 3213, 3214.
  • Said first fastening members 3213 are advantageously constituted by female members inserted perpendicularly to the peripheral face 3204 in the first upper flange 3205 and smooth holes passing right through the first flange 3205 upper perpendicularly to the peripheral face 3204.
  • Said second fasteners 3214 are therefore preferably smooth holes passing right through the second flange 3206 in the direction of their width allowing the passage of first male members 35 cooperating with the second fasteners 3114 of said longitudinal members 31.
  • the cells 3309 of the low floor 33 are arranged downwards on the outer side of the dwelling unit 30 in order to have a flat and solid surface inside said unit. dwelling 30 allowing the establishment of a flooring type tiles, floors, etc.
  • the low floor 33 has a peripheral heel 3310 perpendicularly output from the peripheral face 3304 of said bottom floor 32.
  • said heel 3310 is positioned at the end of the first and second flanges 3305 , 3306 on the four sides of the low floor 33, so as to have a planar and continuous bearing zone over the entire periphery of said low floor 33, to allow recovery and distribution of efforts.
  • Said low floor 33 is also equipped with first and second fasteners 3311, 3312.
  • Said first second fasteners 3311, 3312 are advantageously female members inserted in the first and second flanges 3305, 3306 and are advantageously blind holes made in the first and second flanges 3305, 3306 perpendicularly to the rear face 3303 of the partition 3301.
  • Said first and second fasteners 3311, 3312 are able, on the one hand, to cooperate with second male members 36 such as nails. anchoring and, secondly, to be filled with chemical resin to ensure the attachment of the second male members 36.
  • Said second male members 36 allow the attachment of the longitudinal and lateral elements 31, 32 on the low floor 33 in cooperating with the first lower fastening members 3113, 3213 of the longitudinal and lateral elements 31, 32.
  • the low floor 33 has reservations 3313 able to cooperate with the second fasteners 3115 of the longitudinal members 31 of said dwelling unit 30.
  • the low floor 33 has, where appropriate, in the thickness of its partition 3301 orifices (not shown) passing right through said partition 3301 allowing the establishment of assembly means (not shown) such that for example threaded rods and nuts to assemble two housing units 30 between them.
  • the high floor 34 is such that its cells 3409 are arranged downwards and therefore on the interior side of the dwelling unit 30 in order to have a flat and solid surface outside said housing unit 30 for receiving attics, a roof or a terrace.
  • the high floor 34 have their grid of cavities 3409 filled with insulating materials 3410 and covered by a covering 3411 allowing the possible installation of a wall decoration coating.
  • the high floor 34 advantageously has a peripheral heel 3412 located in the extension of the end of the first and second flanges 3405, 3406 following a perpendicular to said partition 3401. Said heel 3412 allows, cooperating with the upper part of the heels 3112, 3212 respective said longitudinal and lateral elements 31, 32 to prevent rainwater inlet and thus to obtain a very good seal and to transmit the forces due in particular to the snow, the wind, the roof or even a floor.
  • Said high floor 34 is also equipped with first and second fasteners 3413, 3414.
  • Said first second fastening members 3413, 3414 are advantageously smooth through holes and made in the first and second flanges 3405, 3406 perpendicular to the rear face 3403 of the partition 3401.
  • Said first second fasteners 3413, 3414 allow the passage of the third male members 37 adapted to cooperate with the first fasteners 3113, 3213 upper longitudinal and lateral elements 31, 32.
  • the high floor 34 also has reservations 3415 able to cooperate with the third fasteners 3115 of the elements longitudinal 31 of said housing unit 30 and allowing the establishment of the fourth male members 38 preferably a threaded rod, distribution plates 39, female members 40 clamping and immobilizing members 41 of said female member 40 to implement the post constraint.
  • the different prefabricated parts it is necessary to assemble said parts to build the dwelling unit 30 according to a well-defined process that makes the operation irreversible and final. Indeed, it is only at the end of the assembly that the housing unit 30 becomes indivisible and self-supporting.
  • the longitudinal and lateral elements 31, 32, the low floor 33, the high floor 34 form with their respective grid cells 3109, 3209, 3309, 3409 and their peripheral heel 3112, 3212, 3310, 3412 individual mechanical matrices which Although they are stable for prefabrication and handling purposes, it is only when glued and assembled that these elements increase their qualities and give the unit the quality of being self-supporting. Sizing with an epoxy resin confirmed by the assembly makes the action irreversible and final. The dwelling unit 30 is then indivisible.
  • the present invention applies more particularly to the realization of individual home but it is obvious that the example that has just been given is only a particular illustration in no way limiting as to the fields of application of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)
EP08872978.5A 2007-12-21 2008-12-19 Elément préfabriqué pour une unité d'habitation Active EP2242888B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0709020A FR2925541B1 (fr) 2007-12-21 2007-12-21 Element prefabrique pour unite d'habitation.
PCT/FR2008/001798 WO2009106735A2 (fr) 2007-12-21 2008-12-19 Element prefabrique pour une unite d'habitation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2242888A2 EP2242888A2 (fr) 2010-10-27
EP2242888B1 true EP2242888B1 (fr) 2014-03-05

Family

ID=39769070

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08872978.5A Active EP2242888B1 (fr) 2007-12-21 2008-12-19 Elément préfabriqué pour une unité d'habitation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8590215B2 (ar)
EP (1) EP2242888B1 (ar)
FR (1) FR2925541B1 (ar)
MA (1) MA32024B1 (ar)
WO (1) WO2009106735A2 (ar)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2009106735A3 (fr) 2010-01-21
US8590215B2 (en) 2013-11-26
FR2925541A1 (fr) 2009-06-26
US20110088333A1 (en) 2011-04-21
EP2242888A2 (fr) 2010-10-27
MA32024B1 (ar) 2011-01-03
WO2009106735A2 (fr) 2009-09-03
FR2925541B1 (fr) 2013-08-02

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