Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
  • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
  • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
  • D21H21/42—Ribbons or strips
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
  • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
  • D21F1/44—Watermarking devices

Definitions

• Security sheet comprising a fibrous substrate having at least one watermark
• the present invention relates to the field of security documents. It relates to a security sheet, for example mainly paper, having at least one watermark and a security tape, and a method of manufacturing and authentication of such a security sheet.
• a security sheet for example mainly paper, having at least one watermark and a security tape, and a method of manufacturing and authentication of such a security sheet.
• paper means any sheet obtained by wet process using a suspension of natural cellulose fibers and / or mineral or organic fibers other than cellulose, possibly synthetic, which may contain various fillers and various additives commonly used in stationery.
• recognition applies when a document or item in a document is compared to a reference to determine the authenticity of the document.
• authentication means determining whether the document is authentic or whether it has been falsified or counterfeit
• identity means verifying the identity of the owner of a document given.
• Many of the methods for authenticating known security documents include one or more security features in tape on the security document or a watermark on the security document.
• the application EP 0 773 320 of the Applicant describes a security sheet having a watermark and a strip juxtaposed to the watermark or covering it completely, the band and the watermark cooperating together so that the sheet maintains a substantially constant thickness.
• the application WO 2007/090999 of the Applicant describes a sheet material having two fibrous layers of different colors completely overlapping one another.
• a security sheet comprising one or more security elements in a strip
• security elements are introduced, for example such that boards which are plastic and / or paper elements, flat and of relatively small size, or such as colored or luminescent fibers, or a fine ribbon commonly called "security thread" is introduced.
• This ribbon is generally made of plastic and comprises security elements, for example luminescent.
• the introduction in band of the security elements can in particular be done by supply ducts placed along the width and opening into the form tank in the vicinity from round form, before the beginning of draining of a fibrous suspension on a fabric of a round form. After draining, a security sheet is obtained which is then pressed and then dried according to the current papermaking process.
• the main drawback relating to the first method of obtaining a tape containing security elements is the irregular dispersion of the security elements.
• bandwidth and spatial distribution (x, y, z) of the security elements can be particularly troublesome in the event of recognition and / or authentication and / or identification based on the spatial distribution (x, y, z) of the security elements in the security document. Indeed, because of too great variability, the use of the position or the width of the band, or the spatial distribution of the security elements, for purposes of recognition and / or authentication and / or or identification, may in particular be impossible to implement.
• the type of problem mentioned above is encountered in the case of authentication of security elements automatically using a non-portable device based on the specific signal of one or more elements (s). ) of security.
• some of the security elements are covered with a layer of fibers and / or mineral charges too thick to allow the correct detection of their specific signals by the automatic authentication device.
• the introduced security threads generally have a width of less than 10 mm, a thickness of between 12 and 45 ⁇ m and are, in most cases, made up of ribbons of plastic materials, in particular based on polyester.
• the security threads are especially secured by visible or non-visible patterns, in positive and / or negative, optically variable devices and in particular holograms, luminescence and in particular fluorescence, magnetism, electrical conduction or still thermochromic.
• the security threads are incorporated inside the fibrous substrate constituting the security sheet is "en masse", that is to say completely covered with fibrous material, or “window”, the security thread then being on the surface of the security sheet and en masse in the latter, for example in an alternating manner.
• the windows thus described may or may not be through, depending on whether the security thread appears respectively on two or on one side of the security sheet.
• the introduction of bulk security son may in particular be carried out in a single jet, on a paper machine flat or round table.
• the wire is introduced into the shaped tank before or shortly after the beginning of the draining of the fibrous suspension on the fabric.
• the position of the security thread in the thickness of the final security sheet is determined in particular by the place and the insertion inclination of the security thread.
• the jet thus obtained can then be married in the wet state, that is to say before drying, with other jets whose fibrous compositions can be identical or different and which can be formed on paper machines at the table flat or round.
• Another way of introducing the security son en masse is to incorporate them between two successive jets produced on a flat table and / or a round shape, before the "marriage" successive jets by wet pressing.
• the jets may themselves be married to other jets whose compositions may be the same or different and which may be formed on a flat table or a round shape, before or after the introduction of security threads. After their marriage, the two successive streams comprising the security threads are eventually married to the other jets and then dried according to the current papermaking process to obtain a security sheet.
• the security threads may in particular be coated with an adhesive, for example heat-sealing products, also called hot-reactive products.
• the introduction of the security threads can in particular lead to a poor covering of the security threads characterized, when they are introduced en masse, by a lack of material above the security threads and, when they are introduced in a window, by insufficient bridging.
• bridging is meant the fibrous covering of a safety wire introduced in the windows in the zones between the windows, that is to say at the places where the wire is contained in the mass of the security sheet.
• breakages can in particular come from the defective coverings of the security threads or their insufficient bridging mentioned above. Indeed, the larger the security son are, the more the defects are pronounced. This results in greater embrittlement of the sheet, particularly along the insertion strips of the security threads, and consequently a greater frequency of breaks in the sheet.
• the adhesives for example heat-sealing coatings
• the security son of the prior art do not develop any bond with the fibrous substrate of the security sheet during dewatering and pressing which take place in wet part, that is to say before drying of the leaf. Consequently, the introduction of the security threads weakens the security sheet along the insertion strip, the adhesion properties of the security thread coated with an adhesive, for example a heat-sealing product, not being developed only during drying.
• the security threads are too wide, their impermeability impedes the drainage of the water contained in the fibers located above the son and thus prevents the consolidation of the fibrous mat, which causes in particular breakage of the sheet partially wet paper, when producing safety sheets containing safety threads.
• the width of the safety wires exceeds about 1.5 cm, the fibrous mat is no longer strong enough and causes too many breaks in the paper sheet to allow a correct machinability of the paper machine.
• the security threads have in particular the disadvantage of their limited width.
• the materials whose security threads are composed are generally plastic films which are optionally metallized and eventually covered with varnish.
• security threads can be combined only with very fine particles and, in particular, by printing and / or metallization.
• the incorporation of flat security elements and relatively small format, such as boards, is impossible because of the materials whose security son are constituted.
• Watermarks Authentication of a security document can still be done by using at least one watermark.
• the watermarks are conventionally obtained by a molding or embossing operation of the wet sheet resulting from the aqueous suspension of cellulosic fibers during manufacture. paper.
• the cellulosic fibers migrate easily into the aqueous suspension, so that the above operation has the effect of increasing the concentration of the fibers in the thickest areas of the sheet and decreasing their concentration in the Thinner areas, the result obtained after drying of the paper is that the latter comprises, when viewed in transmitted light, clear areas, low in fiber, and dark areas, high fiber density.
• Light areas are called areas with low optical density, lower than vellum, area of paper with no watermark, and dark areas are called areas with high optical density, greater than that of vellum.
• the invention aims to meet this need, in particular by providing additional security from the particular association of a watermark with a security tape.
• the invention relates to a sheet comprising a fibrous substrate having at least one watermark and wherein is at least partially incorporated a ribbon narrower than the substrate and partially overlapping the watermark.
• the combination of the watermark of the fibrous substrate and the ribbon partially overlapping the watermark makes it possible to obtain specific effects, visible to the naked eye, by transvision or reflection, difficult or impossible to reproduce by printing.
• it is possible to obtain different levels of protection of the security document comprising a sheet according to the invention thanks to the security due to the watermark, to that due to the tape, which may optionally include additional security elements, and to the one related to the association of the ribbon and the watermark.
• the invention also relates to a method of authenticating a sheet according to the invention, comprising the step of observing, in particular by transvision, the sheet and to conclude on its authenticity at least according to a difference in appearance between a region of the watermark not superimposed on the ribbon and a region superimposed on the ribbon, in particular a difference in color.
• ribbon refers to a ribbon made in one piece or made of an assembly, a stack or a juxtaposition of elementary bands.
• the ribbon may be fully incorporated into the fibrous substrate, for example by "mass" or between two streams. In this way, it may be difficult for a counterfeiter to detect its presence.
• the ribbon may only be partially incorporated into the fibrous substrate, for example by an introduction "with window (s)". It may thus be possible to observe the ribbon alone and / or the superposition of the ribbon and watermark at one or more windows of the security sheet.
• the ribbon may optionally be combined with a strip of thermoplastic material and / or metal, for example PET, laminated or hot rolled to the ribbon before its introduction into the fibrous substrate.
• the incorporation of the ribbon to the substrate may not generate extra thickness of the security sheet.
• the ribbon may be introduced into the fibrous substrate according to the process described in application EP 0 773 320.
• the ribbon may have no watermark.
• the ribbon may comprise at least one watermark.
• the superposition of the watermark of the fibrous substrate and the watermark of the ribbon can make it possible to observe a pattern resulting from their association.
• the watermark of the ribbon can also be juxtaposed with the watermark of the substrate so that this juxtaposition creates a new motif.
• the ribbon may have optical properties different from those of the fibrous substrate, in particular the properties of coloration, fluorescence, phosphorescence, magneto-optical, photochromic, thermochromic, piezochromic, iridescent, among others.
• the substrate and the ribbon may have different colors. All colors are possible.
• the ribbon and the substrate may have a color difference or color difference ⁇ E greater than 0.2 and preferably greater than 1.
• the human eye is more sensitive to a color difference on unsaturated hues, and the One skilled in the art will be able to adapt the color difference so as to obtain the desired "contrast".
• the ribbon may comprise a conventional or security ink, especially fluorescent, phosphorescent, magnetic, photochromic, thermochromic, piezochrome, iridescent, among others.
• the ink may be applied partially or totally to the ribbon, i.e. only to certain areas of the ribbon surface or to the entire ribbon surface.
• the ink can be applied to the ribbon by printing means such as offset, gravure, screen printing or inkjet printing.
• the ribbon can still be coated with a clear or colored varnish.
• the ribbon may include a fluorescent agent.
• the fluorescent agent may be colored or not, visible or invisible in visible light.
• the fluorescent agent may for example be incorporated in the mass of the ribbon.
• the fluorescent agent may be visible for example under ultraviolet (UV) and / or infrared (IR) light.
• the ribbon extends between two opposite edges of the sheet.
• the ribbon may have irregularly shaped edges, for example in the form of broken or wavy lines, crenellations, zigzag, among others.
• the edges of the ribbon can have the same shapes or different shapes, regular or irregular.
• the ribbon may still have different characteristics perceptible for example to the sight or touch.
• the ribbon may for example be embossed, thus creating a particular effect, for example a tactile or surface relief effect, the ribbon may appear partially on the surface of the fibrous substrate.
• the ribbon may be coated with a thermoplastic polymer and optionally embossed as a result of this coating.
• the ribbon can be printed with drops of varnish, resin or heat-reflecting ink, among others.
• the ribbon comprises impressions, this may for example allow to obtain variable optical effects.
• the ribbon may comprise a heat-reflecting ink for creating at least one relief, this ink being activated before introduction of the ribbon into the fibrous substrate. Activation before incorporation reduces the risk of destructuring the sheet during swelling of the ink.
• the ribbon may comprise particles, for example detectable with the naked eye or with the touch, introduced in mass in the ribbon, for example in the form of balls, by examples of the balls of a synthetic material, for example polyurethane, or mineral, for example glass, of dimension for example less than 300 microns, or by deposition by screen printing or gravure printing, for example in the form of beads, for example of dimension less than 100 ⁇ m.
• the ribbon may comprise a textile band, for example knitted, integrated ribbon or laminated tape.
• the ribbon may comprise an embossed printing, for example screen-printed.
• the ribbon may have a greasy, rough, smooth, silky, soft appearance, among other things.
• the ribbon may in particular comprise deposits of polymers, in particular in the form of beads, for example polyurethane (PU) beads, glass beads, polyamides 6 or 12, styrene-acrylic pigments, waxes or polypropylene beads ( PP), polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polymers based on methyl methacrylate, the ribbon being for example introduced window (s).
• PU polyurethane
• PE polyurethane
• PE polyethylene
• PVC polyvinyl chloride
• the ribbon advantageously retains its own cohesion after introduction into the fibrous substrate.
• the structure of the ribbon may be observable after its introduction into the fibrous substrate under certain conditions, for example in section or by vision in reflection or in transmission.
• the ribbon may still be observable by topography in the leaf.
• the tape may also, where appropriate, be observable by transparency in the sheet, in particular with the naked eye.
• a fibrous sheet preferably of low grammage, for example between about 15 and 90 g / m 2 , according to a common papermaking process, that is to say for example by draining a suspension of fibers optionally comprising conventional fillers and additives in the paper industry, the possible specific safety elements, pressing the obtained fibrous mat and then drying.
• This sheet is then optionally calendered which allows in particular to reduce its thickness, and then cut to form ribbons which are then wound into coils.
• the ribbon may for example be based on cellulosic fibers (in particular cotton fibers) and / or natural organic fibers other than cellulosic and / or synthetic fibers, for example such as polyester or polyamide fibers, and / or or optionally mineral fibers, for example such as glass fibers.
• the ribbon may not include polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers.
• the fibers may be hydrophilic, in particular so as to develop chemical bonds, mainly hydrogen, with the fibrous substrate.
• the ribbon may comprise by weight at least 50% of cellulosic fibers.
• the ribbon may have a grammage of between 5 and 100 g / m 2 , preferably between 15 and 55 g / m 2 and more preferably between 20 and 30 g / m 2 .
• the ribbon has a width of between 2 and 60 mm, preferably between 4 and 30 mm and more preferably between 10 and 20 mm.
• the tape may comprise perforations, in particular to promote drainage during the manufacture of the sheet or to add an additional optical effect, especially in combination with at least one watermark.
• these perforations are arranged at the edge of said ribbon or so as to form a pattern or a code.
• the ribbon has a thickness of between 10 and 150 microns, for example between 20 and 120 microns, preferably between 30 and 80 microns, and more preferably between 45 and 55 microns.
• the ribbon may include a watermark and perforations around this watermark.
• the ribbon may also comprise, in a preferred example of implementation of the invention, a security element.
• the ribbon may comprise at least one security element on one of its faces, or even on each of its faces.
• the ribbon may have different security features on each side.
• the security element may be chosen from tracers, in particular nanoscale, security fibers including metallic, magnetic (with soft magnetism and / or hard), or absorbable or excitable in the ultraviolet (UV), the visible or the infrared (IR) and in particular the near-infrared (NIR), flat and relatively small security elements such as boards, pigments or pigment agglomerates, especially absorbent or excitable laser-illuminated or ultraviolet (UV), the visible or the infrared (IR), in particular the near infrared (NIR), and the security threads (based on plastics, in particular of polyester) including in particular an at least partial coating, metallic, metallized, iridescent or magnetic (with soft magnetism and / or hard), the coating may in particular comprise positive or negative patterns and said patterns may in particular be obtained by demetallization, chemical or biochemical reagents for tampering and / or authentication and / or or of identification which can in particular react with at least one falsification and / or authentication and / or identification agent
• tracers in a security document through the ribbon is located, which allows in particular to create a zone, possibly invisible to the naked eye, recognition and / or authentication of said security document.
• the recognition and / or authentication of said document may in particular be based on the intensity and / or the type of the signal generated by the tracers, considered individually or not, on the density of the tracers, or on their spatial distribution in a zone. predefined or not of the document.
• randomly distributed tracers can form a unique signature and thus be used for identification purposes.
• the introduction into a security sheet of pigments or agglomerates of absorbent pigments in the infrared or near infrared as mentioned above, can be used to make said sheet authenticatable, as described in the patent application WO 2005/034049.
• This same application recommends more particularly the use of kaolin and talc mixed, products that are common in the paper industry, in a security sheet area called variable distribution and especially watermarked.
• the use of these compounds makes it possible, in particular, to authenticate said security sheet by infrared spectroscopy, in particular near-infrared spectroscopy, and better optical reading of bar-coded watermarks.
• the present invention thus makes it possible to solve the preceding problem, for example by providing a security sheet comprising a security tape comprising a watermark based on fibrous material and a mixture of kaolin and talc in sufficient proportion to promote authentication by infrared spectroscopy of the document or the optical reading of the watermark.
• the kaolin and talc content will be particularly high, but only in the zone containing the safety tape, so that the security sheet comprising the safety tape respects the upper limits of the ash levels recorded in the safety tape. specifications.
• an advantage of the invention concerns, for example, the authentication of a security document by analyzing the signal of the magnetic response.
• the introduction into seedling, that is to say, in a mixture in the fibrous suspension before its dewatering, of soft magnetic fibers called "soft magnetic" fibers makes it possible, in a reproducible manner, to obtain a homogeneous distribution of magnetic soft fibers.
• the introduction of the strip magnetic soft fibers according to the prior art that is to say in a round shape by localized supply ducts or by laminar flow over a flat table, induced a certain variability in the concentration of magnetic soft fibers, but also in the width of the magnetic soft fiber band.
• the invention makes it possible to reproducibly obtain a homogeneous distribution of magnetic soft fibers.
• concentration of soft magnetic fibers and the width of the security tape introduced the number of "signatures" or possible magnetic signals is multiplied.
• the ribbon comprises at least two security elements chosen from those mentioned above.
• the ribbon comprises between 0.1 and 1% by dry weight of magnetic fibers, in particular with soft magnetism, with respect to the total amount of fibers, and preferably between 0.2 and 0. , 6%.
• the ribbon comprises a plurality of small boards distributed according to a surface density of between 4000 and 25000 boards / m 2 , preferably between 5000 and 20000 boards / m 2 and more preferably between 11000 and 18000 boards / m 2 .
• the ribbon comprises a series of parallel security threads, and more particularly the succession of inter-son spaces and / or the series.
• different widths of the security son constitute a code, in particular of barcode type.
• the ribbon comprises a antitheft wire with soft magnetism.
• This type of antitheft security wire can be very sharp and therefore difficult to incorporate into a security sheet, it happens in particular that the antitheft wire, when introduced according to the prior art that is to say directly in a fibrous substrate, is not completely covered with fibers.
• the incorporation of such an antitheft security thread according to the present invention consists in the manufacture of a fibrous sheet in which several anti-theft security threads are introduced, the security sheet thus obtained then being cut into ribbons comprising at least one thread lock. These ribbons are then introduced into the fibrous substrate.
• the areas of the ribbon which may have fibrous overlap defects are covered by the fibrous material of the fibrous substrate, and thus a security sheet is obtained comprising at least one anti-theft security thread and free of covering defects.
• the ribbon comprises at least one electronic device.
• the electronic device is a radio frequency identification device, more commonly referred to as an RFID device, and in particular an electronic chip and / or an antenna which can notably be printed on the ribbon.
• the ribbon comprises at least one chemically or biochemical chemical tampering and / or authentication and / or identification reagent reacting in a colored manner, with at least one agent respectively of falsification and / or authentication and / or identification.
• the ribbon and the substrate have the same color before said colored reaction, an improved authentication reaction is obtained because, in addition to the coloration of the ribbon, a difference in the appearance of the watermark between the superpopulated filigree zone ribbon and the watermarked area not superimposed on the ribbon.
• the ribbon comprises a chemical or biochemical authentication reagent reacting in a colored manner with at least one authentication agent, additional security of the security sheet containing the ribbon is obtained, the authentication reaction being in fact localized on the area where the ribbon has been incorporated.
• Another advantage of the above particular case is to be able to use at least one anti-tampering reagent in documents intended to receive a surface treatment, in particular to promote the adhesion of the ink during the personalization of the documents.
• reagents of this type are generally not used because they are reagents incompatible with the mixtures of colloidal dispersions of polymers (latex) commonly used in the composition of surface treatments of papers, for example, mention may be made of the latex of the styrene-butadiene polymer sold under the name Latexia 301 by the company Ciba.
• the invention therefore makes it possible to incorporate the reagents into the ribbon and to apply at least one of the surface treatments to the fibrous substrate without encountering this type of problem.
• This particular case has the further advantage of allowing the use of tamperproofing reagents which react with certain adhesives, and in particular those used on adhesive-coated sheets, in particular for visas to be pasted on passports or for safety films bonded to some security documents.
• the fact of incorporating the reagents into the ribbon makes it possible to isolate the reagents and thus to prevent any premature reaction between the reagents and the adhesives especially contained on the adhesive-coated sheets, without preventing the reaction with the reagents used during attempts to tamper with security documents containing the adhesive sheets.
• the incorporation of the ribbon then makes it possible to introduce these reagents into certain areas of a document while preserving the overall whiteness of the document.
• the ribbon may include perforations in a pattern or code. Depending on the differences in opacity and color between the substrate and the ribbon, the pattern or code is observable, or observable only in transmitted or observable light in both transmitted light and reflected light. If the ribbon has an invisible fluorescent print, the pattern may also be visible only under UV illumination.
• the pattern produced by perforation comprises at least one alphanumeric character or an ideogram.
• the ribbon may further comprise perforations in a pattern and further include a chemical or biochemical tampering and / or color reactive authentication and / or identification reagent.
• the chemical or biochemical reagent reacts with the forgery agent and / or authentication and / or identification according to a reaction which gives a particular color to the ribbon.
• the pattern made by perforation then becomes visible by contrast between the coloration of the ribbon and that of the fibrous substrate.
• the ribbon may be calendered. This calendering is carried out in particular in order to minimize the extra thickness created by the introduction of the ribbon.
• the tape is free of a surface coating, in particular free of a pigmented layer.
• the good affinity between the fibrous substrate and the ribbon is thus favored.
• the ribbon has a wet strength (REH) with respect to traction greater than 30%, in particular so as not to cause problems when it is introduced into the sheet.
• the resistance in the wet state in tension is measured by dividing the value of the wet tensile strength measured according to the NF Q 03.056 standard by the dry tensile strength measured according to the NF EN ISO 1924 standard.
• wet state may in particular be provided in a conventional manner by the addition of a wet strength agent, for example such as a polyamine-amide-epichlorohydrin resin (PAAE), a melamine formalin resin, etc.
• PAAE polyamine-amide-epichlorohydrin resin
• melamine formalin resin etc.
• an additional wet strength may be obtained by adding a portion of the REH agent (s) in surfactant baths of a fibrous sheet, for example for making the tape.
• the ribbon may comprise an adhesive, for example a heat sealing agent.
• the ribbon may be fibrous, being for example a paper ribbon.
• the tape will preferably include an adhesive to improve its cohesion within the fibrous substrate.
• the adhesive may for example be a heat-sealing coating, for example a heat-sealing varnish, an ultraviolet (UV) cross-linkable agent, an adhesive to be irradiated, a pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA), a varnish with a solvent base, of the type polyester, for example, an adhesive in the aqueous phase, etc.
• Mowilith DC aqueous dispersion of vinyl acetate homopolymer with particles of size ranging from 0.3 microns to 2 microns and glass transition temperature T g of about 38 ° C, and solids dry content between 55 and 57%) and Vinamul 3265 from CELANESE; DH9004, DH9017, DH9044 and DL5001 from the company COLLANO; Primai NW1845, Primai LC40, Primai P308M and Primai EP6000 from ROHM &HAAS; the 006SDW078-2 from BASF.
• the adhesive may advantageously be an adhesive based on polyvinyl acetate such as Mowilith DC.
• Vinamul 3265 and Mowilith DC also perform very well in the wet crumple test.
• Mowilith DC has very good results in the wash test.
• Mowilith DC provides very good results in terms of adhesiveness, but the invention is not limited to a particular adhesive.
• the adhesive is not present in fiber form or in particulate form.
• the addition of the adhesive to the security tape may in particular be done by a coating process, for example a coating, or by processes resulting from printing techniques of a paper base after its manufacture, for example coating air-bladed, rotogravure, silkscreen, curtain coating, fxxography, among others.
• the coating of the adhesive for example on a fibrous sheet used for the manufacture of the ribbon, can be carried out for example at a rate of 2 to 15 g / m 2 per side, preferably between 3 and 8 g / m 2 per face.
• the sealing temperature can vary between 70 and 135 0 C, for example, depending on the adhesive used, and the sealing can take place during the drying of the security sheet.
• the coating can be carried out at least partially at the core, that is to say reach in depth, or even in full or the ribbon surface.
• the coating is performed on the support used for the manufacture of the tape before cutting the support.
• the coating can be performed during the manufacture of the support for the manufacture of the tape.
• the coating can be performed on one side of the support or on both sides of the support.
• the adhesive can completely cover the face on which it is deposited.
• the incorporation of the adhesive tape can also be done by impregnation, by dipping the ribbon or the support used to make it in a bath.
• a 20 g / m 2 fibrous sheet having undergone a wet strength treatment is coated with an adhesive in the aqueous phase at a rate of 5 g / m 2. m 2 per side, using a rotogravure process for example. This gives a satisfactory compromise between adhesion power and amount of coated material.
• substrate denotes a fibrous sheet that may especially comprise one or more fibrous layers.
• jets will be used to denote layers produced continuously on the same paper machine and then associated with the wet state.
• the substrate may comprise one or more watermarks, having identical or different characteristics.
• the watermark carried by the fibrous substrate is a clear watermark.
• the light areas of the watermark have a mass per unit area strictly less than that of vellum.
• the watermark may be a dark watermark.
• the watermark may further be a multitone watermark comprising a set of light areas arranged to form a halftone image having tones clear and dark.
• This raster image may comprise raster patterns formed for example by lines.
• Patent application EP 1 122 360 discloses the production of such a watermark.
• the substrate may comprise at least one security element, in particular chosen from tracers, especially nano-metric, security fibers, in particular metallic, magnetic (with soft magnetism and / or hard), or absorbent or excitable in the ultraviolet (UV ), the visible or the infrared (IR) and in particular the near infrared (NIR), flat and relatively small security elements such as boards, pigments or pigment agglomerates including absorbent or excitable under laser illumination or in the ultraviolet (UV), the visible or the infrared (IR), in particular the near infrared (NIR), and the security threads (generally based on plastics, in particular of polyester) including in particular an at least partial coating , metallic, metallized, iridescent or magnetic (with soft magnetism and / or hard), the coating may include in particular positive or negative patterns and the patterns may in particular be o obtained by demetallization, the chemical or biochemical reagents for tampering and / or authentication and / or identification may in particular react with at least one respectively fal
• the fibrous substrate may in particular comprise safety elements visible to the naked eye, but it may also include tracers which are in the form of active material, particles or fibers, capable of generating a specific signal when these tracers are subject to to optronic, electrical, magnetic or electromagnetic excitation.
• tracers constitute an identifiable substance through a distinctive property and used to mark an element (a security document in this case) and ensure its follow-up, the follow-up of its evolution or allow its recognition, authentication or identification.
• the dielectric structures with a mirror effect consist of an alternation of high and low index layers, for example respectively of Hafnium dioxide and of silica, and may in particular be obtained by ion etching.
• the fibrous substrate comprises at least one chemically or biochemical chemical tampering and / or authentication and / or identification reagent reacting in a colored manner, with at least one agent respectively of falsification and / or or authentication and / or identification.
• the fibrous substrate may be based on fibers as described above for the ribbon.
• the fibrous substrate and the ribbon are based on the same fibers, that is to say that their fiber composition is the same in nature and preferably in the same proportions, this allows a good affinity between both components and can, in addition, be an additional means of authentication.
• the sheet according to the invention consists of at least two jets and is formed by papermaking on round shape, the tape being positioned under one of the outer jets.
• a round shaped sheet is preferred because, although it could be formed on a flat-table paper machine (Foudrinier machine), the watermarks on these flat tables are formed with a filigree roll which gives less relief or depth to the watermark.
• the sheet can also be formed on a paper machine combining a flat table and a round shape, the watermark being formed on the round shape.
• the introduction of the ribbon into the fibrous substrate can also be done according to the methods of introduction of the plastic security threads of the prior art or by laminating the ribbon between two sheets or fibrous layers which then constitute the base of the fibrous substrate .
• the security sheet proposed by the Applicant may include at least one paper tape that may be wider than the security son of the prior art without presenting fibrous overlap defects or insufficient bridging as described above. This results in particular from the permeability of the paper ribbons which favors dripping, as well as the good affinity between the fibers of the paper security tape and the fibrous material of the substrate.
• the ribbons can be incorporated into the fibrous substrate without causing an increase in the frequency of breakage of the sheet, and this in particular because of the preferred composition of paper security ribbons.
• the security tapes preferably comprise hydrophilic fibrous materials, especially such as cellulosic fibers or synthetic fibers or optionally mineral fibers treated by sizing, so as to develop with the fibrous substrate bonds to reduce its embrittlement due to in particular to the introduction of an element into the fibrous base.
• the size is a fiber coating that allows in particular to make them hydrophilic.
• Substrate associations and one or more ribbon (s) are Substrate associations and one or more ribbon (s)
• the substrate may incorporate one or more ribbons according to the invention, at least one of the ribbons partially covering at least one watermark of the substrate.
• the association of the ribbon and the watermark of the fibrous substrate advantageously makes it possible to create an authentication means based on the observation of the zone where the ribbon and the watermark are superposed and possibly for the observation of an adjacent zone.
• the observation of the watermark and the ribbon in the area where they are superimposed may reveal a variation of predefined optical properties, which can make it possible to authenticate the document.
• the color observed on the area where the watermark and the ribbon are superimposed may constitute a criterion for authenticating the document.
• the authentication may consist of the observation of the watermark in the areas where the ribbon and the watermark are superimposed and the areas where the ribbon is not superimposed on the watermark.
• differences in color and / or contrast observed between the areas of the watermark superimposed or not ribbon, including the intersection between these areas, can be used to define the authentication criteria of the document.
• the ribbon may in particular be superimposed on the watermark so that part of the watermark not superimposed on the ribbon remains on either side of the ribbon.
• the ribbon may cover the geometric center of the watermark and the width of the ribbon be chosen to allow observation of the single watermark on each side of the ribbon.
• the ribbon may be arranged relative to the watermark so that a portion of watermark not superimposed on the ribbon remains only on one side of the ribbon.
• the fibrous substrate and the security tape each comprise at least one watermark, the watermarks complementing each other by superposition and / or association.
• the watermarks can be superimposed so as to obtain a moire effect.
• Such an effect reveals a particular pattern produced by the approximation of lines during the superposition of two watermarks periodic structure and in particular screened.
• the watermark may for example comprise a portion extending continuously between two regions of the substrate respectively covered and not covered by the ribbon.
• the authentication of the document resulting from the observation of the association of the ribbon with the watermark and the observation can for example be done with the naked eye, by reflection or by transmission and in visible, ultraviolet or infrared light.
• the color of a part of the watermark located in a region covered by the ribbon may be lighter or darker than the color of part of the watermark located in an area not covered by the ribbon.
• the ribbon and the fibrous substrate may each comprise at least one chemically or biochemical anti-tampering and / or authentication and / or identification reagent that reacts in a colored manner, with at least one agent respectively for falsification and / or authentication and / or identification.
• the chemical or biochemical reagents for tampering and / or authentication and / or identification are preferably different and may in particular react with one and the same agent or with two different agents.
• the ribbon and fibrous substrate of the sheet each comprise at least one chemical or biochemical reagent of tampering and / or authentication and / or identification, these reagents being chemically incompatible.
• chemically incompatible is meant that the reactants can react together because they are in contact or involve chemical reactions, with falsification or authentication and / or identification agents, which are incompatible.
• the use of a single fibrous substrate sometimes prevents the combination of some of the chemical or biochemical infalsification and / or authentication and / or identification reagents which, inserted in a common substrate react together (incompatible reagents).
• the chemical or biochemical reagents for tampering and / or authentication and / or identification may be compatible but give rise to incompatible reactions during the attempted forgery or the authentication or identification of the security document that causes the document to not be damaged when it is tampered with or that the authentication reaction does not produce the desired result.
• the use of at least one ribbon according to the invention therefore has the particular advantage of allowing the implementation of at least two reagents or incompatible reactions, if desired.
• the ribbon comprises a chemical or biochemical reagent as defined above
• the authentication of the document can not be done without a prior chemical reaction modifying the optical properties of the ribbon.
• the invention also relates to a security document comprising a sheet as defined above.
• This document can be manufactured by cutting, binding, binding, rolling, gluing and / or laminating this sheet.
• the security document may be a means of payment, such as a bank note, a check or a restaurant ticket, an identity document such as an identity card or a visa or a passport or a passport. driver's license, a lottery ticket, a ticket or a ticket to cultural or sporting events.
• the invention also relates to an article to be authenticated comprising the sheet as defined or obtained previously, the article being chosen from a security label, a packaging, in particular a packaging for drugs or for food or for cosmetics or perfumes or for electronic parts or for spare parts, a sheet used in the medical or hospital field, including a paper used to make sterilization packaging, and still a paper art.
• the invention also relates to a papermaking process for a sheet as defined above, wherein the fibrous material-based ribbon is introduced in the wet portion into the fibrous substrate.
• the substrate and ribbon assembly thus obtained is then pressed and dried.
• the ribbon is introduced partly wet, mass or window (s) in the fibrous substrate.
• known methods can be used to introduce plastic security threads of the prior art.
• the ribbon may have any of the features detailed above, or any combination thereof.
• the method uses a paper machine which is equipped with at least one round shape, and the ribbon is introduced into the form tank of the round shape, before or shortly after the beginning of the dewatering of the composition forming the fibrous substrate of the sheet.
• the method uses a paper machine which is equipped with at least one flat table, and the ribbon is introduced above the flat table, during the dewatering of the composition forming the substrate. of the leaf.
• the fibrous substrate comprises at least two jets
• the safety tape is introduced before the assembly in the wet state of two successive jets, that is to say, according to the method paper maker, before drying the ribbon assembly and fibrous jets of the substrate.
• the ribbon as described above is incorporated by laminating between two fibrous layers of the fibrous substrate of the sheet.
• the ribbon may appear in window (s), especially if at least one of the layers comprises perforations or areas devoid of material.
• the invention also relates to a method for authenticating a sheet comprising a ribbon which comprises at least one chemical or biochemical tamper and / or authentication and / or identification reagent reacting in a colored manner with at least one agent respectively falsification and / or authentication and / or identification, and perforations in a pattern or code.
• the tampering or authentication agent the unreacted chemical or biochemical reagent for tampering or authentication and / or identification, the pattern or the perforated code is invisible.
• FIG. 1 represents in section and in exploded form a sheet according to the invention, comprising a ribbon and a clear watermark
• FIG. 2 shows in section and exploded another embodiment of a sheet according to the invention, comprising a ribbon and a clear watermark
• FIG. 3 is a view from above of a sheet according to an example of FIG. embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 4 is a top view of another sheet according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 5 shows an example of sheet according to the invention, in section.
• sheet 1 according to the invention.
• This sheet comprises a first jet 2 of paper and a second jet 3 of paper.
• the jets can be made in a manner known per se on a flat-table paper machine (Foudrinier machine) or double-round form.
• At least one jet in this case the first jet 2, has a watermark 5.
• the latter is a clear watermark, being for example made on a shape having the embossed watermark footprint.
• the clear watermark 5 can be made according to the process described in application EP 0 773 320.
• the sheet 1 also comprises a ribbon 4 which can be introduced between the two moist jets 2 and 3 under the watermark, before the assembly of the jets.
• the ribbon 4 is fibrous and has optical properties different from those of the substrate, having for example a color different from that of the substrate.
• the first jet 2 has an inner face 2i and an outer face 2e.
• inner face is meant the face which is inside the finished sheet, that is to say when the jets 2 and 3 are joined.
• external face is meant the face which is outside the finished sheet.
• the second jet 3 has an inner face 3i and an outer face 3e.
• the light watermark 5 is made on the inner face 2i of the jet 2.
• the ribbon 4 is positioned on the inner face 2i of the outer jet 2, partially facing the watermark 5.
• the light watermark 5 is made on the outer face 2e of the jet 2.
• the ribbon 4 is only partially superimposed on the watermark 5.
• the partial superposition of the ribbon 4 and the watermark 5 makes it possible to distinguish two zones 7 and 8 of the watermark 5, the first corresponding to the part of the watermark 5 which is not superimposed on the ribbon 4 and the second corresponding to the part of the watermark 5 which is superimposed with the ribbon 4.
• FIG. 4 represents another example of sheet 1 made according to the invention.
• the fibrous substrate 6 of the sheet has a dark watermark 5 and a colored ribbon 4, for example blue, which is partially superimposed on the watermark.
• the presence of the colored ribbon 4 generates a variation of perception of the watermark 5 in the zone 8 which can be determined beforehand.
• the patterns present on the watermark 5 must correspond exactly during the observation at the interface of the zones 7 and 8 and have a continuity.
• These patterns comprise, for example, lines 7a oriented transversely to the longitudinal direction of the ribbon.
• the ribbon 4 is inserted in a single jet 9.
• the watermark comprises light areas 10 because of lesser thickness and dark areas 11 because of greater thickness.
• the dark areas 11 superimposed on the ribbon 4 are referenced 1 Ib and those not superimposed on the ribbon 4 are referenced I ia.
• the light areas superimposed on the ribbon 4 are referenced 10a and the other 10b. Although identical in thickness, the zones 10a and 10b or 11a and 11b are distinguishable when observed because of the presence of the ribbon 4 under parts 10b and 1 Ib of the watermark.
• a watermark security sheet comprising a security tape blue paper and provided with boards printed with an invisible fluorescent ink.
• a sheet of blue paper is manufactured on a flat-table paper machine.
• the blue hue is obtained by adding blue pigments to the fibrous suspension, before the formation of said sheet and according to the traditional method of producing colored sheets.
• the plates printed with a fluorescent ink are added to the aqueous suspension of refined cellulose fibers in the order of 30 ° C., the fibrous mat containing these boards is pressed into seedling and dried.
• the sheet obtained, once dried, has a basis weight of 45 g / m 2 .
• a blue sheet is thus obtained which comprises fluorescent invisible planks in seedlings distributed homogeneously in the space, which is then calendered, coated by gravure on both sides with MOWILITH DC adhesive at the rate of 5 g / m 2 per side. then cut into 1.5 cm wide ribbons. We reel the ribbons.
• said security tapes are introduced in mass into the round shape of the shape tank.
• the position of introducing said paper ribbon along the width of the paper machine is determined such that said paper ribbon only partially covers the watermark of said fibrous substrate.
• a security sheet is obtained according to the invention, for example as shown from the front in FIG. 4.

Landscapes

• Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=39673255

Family Applications (1)

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• 2007
  • 2007-12-21 FR FR0760218A patent/FR2925535B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2008
  • 2008-12-16 US US12/746,838 patent/US20100264642A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-12-16 CA CA2709329A patent/CA2709329A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-12-16 BR BRPI0821542A patent/BRPI0821542A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2008-12-16 EP EP08864275A patent/EP2222921A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2008-12-16 WO PCT/FR2008/052308 patent/WO2009081017A2/fr active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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