Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
  • F28F3/12—Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
  • F28F3/14—Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels by separating portions of a pair of joined sheets to form channels, e.g. by inflation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
  • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
  • F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
  • Y10T137/8593—Systems

Definitions

• Fluid distribution element for a fluid-carrying device in particular for nested multi-channel fluid management apparatuses
• the present invention relates to a fluid distribution element for fluid-carrying devices, in particular for devices having multi-channel tubes.
• the fluid distribution element according to the invention is alternatively referred to below as a distributor connector, fluid distribution device or fluid collection device.
• the present invention also relates to an arrangement of such fluid distribution elements and to manufacturing processes for producing such fluid distribution elements.
• Fluid distribution elements are of particular interest when heat or mass transfer between multiple carriers (fluids) is to take place at the same time.
• An example is tube-in-tube heat exchangers Air conditioning systems in the automotive industry, which serve as internal heat transfer for the refrigeration circuit.
• the fulfillment of requirements in terms of space requirements and weight reduction as well as cost reduction are essential.
• a further example in which fluid distribution elements can be used are so-called combination evaporators (also abbreviated to Kombiverdampfer) for heat pumps, as described, for example, in WO 2004/094921 A1.
• Heat exchangers or heat exchangers are subdivided into their basic form into tube bundle, plate, coaxial and spiral heat exchangers.
• One plate heat exchanger can be compared to the other
• fluid distribution element according to the invention can be used as a component: As follows described in detail, this offers the advantage that, for example in the case of the combined steamer, arrangements of concentrically inserted tubes in which the geometry has leads with penetrations can be avoided. Such feedthroughs with penetrations are necessary in the prior art when fluids are to be in direct thermal contact with each other. For this purpose, the two following realization possibilities are known from the prior art:
• the outer tube is already preformed with lamellae.
• the pipe register is then already arranged in the disk body.
• the inner tube is now introduced, this the pipe register in the
• Pipe bend penetrates outside the lamellar body. This results in particular problem areas in an automated production due to the complex geometry of the penetrated areas of the pipe wall in the
• the present invention is achieved by a fluid distribution element according to claim 1 and by an arrangement of such fluid distribution elements according to claim 13.
• Advantageous embodiments of the fluid distribution elements or arrangements according to the invention can be found in the dependent claims. Inventive methods can be found in claims 17 to 19. Inventive Twists are described by claim 20.
• a fluid distribution element according to the invention (as well as a corresponding arrangement) will first be described generally. This is followed by concrete embodiments.
• the individual concrete design features as can be deduced both from the general description and from the subsequent specific exemplary embodiments, can of course also be structurally modified by the person skilled in the art, or in any other way. not shown combination, without thereby leaving the scope of the present invention, which is given solely by the claims.
• a fluid distribution element or a fluid distribution device / fluid collection device is provided, in particular made of metal or plastic, which is suitable in particular for connection to interleaved or overlapping multichannel-type lines (multiple channel tube).
• multichannel ducts The purpose of such multichannel ducts is to separate one or more different fluids independently of each other in a space-saving manner and to exploit the possibility of controlled heat transfer or controlled mass transfer.
• multi-channel tubular heat exchangers offer the advantage that they allow the heat exchange between different heat transfer media (for example, from two different heat sources with different temperature levels and with different heat transfer composition and a heat sink) in a reduced space.
• Multi-channel pipes offer, inter alia, the advantage that they allow the controlled mass transfer between more than two fluids in a reduced space, for example by means of the diffusion, osmosis or sieving principle.
• the present invention provides a fluid distribution element or a distributor connection piece, the purpose of which is to connect, on the one hand, single-pipe feed lines to, on the other hand, a multi-channel pipe, without the channels having to penetrate one another.
• the inventive approach is that the individual supply channels open in sub-channels and these sub-channels intersect and overlap, so that a contact surface for the purpose of heat and / or mass transfer arises.
• the fluid distribution element or connector can advantageously made of metal or plastic and with different cost-effective methods (for example, pressure welding, gluing and / or soldering) are produced.
• the fluid distribution element according to the invention has a very small space requirement and simplifies the concatenated connection of multi-channel pipes for the purpose of building a compact unit for heat transfer.
• the fluid distribution element according to the invention can be produced in a structurally simple manner, without there being an increased risk of leakage, as in the prior art at the penetration points.
• the structure of the fluid-guiding device can be advantageously carried out by means of the fluid distribution elements in such a way that bionic approaches are tracked in the route of the channel.
• the fluid distribution element according to the invention has a plurality of individual layers stacked one above the other (for example, flat metal layers or plastic layers) which are each joined to parts of their surfaces. Between such connection areas, bulges or elevations are realized (for example, by swelling of partial areas of the surfaces which were provided with a release agent or also by preforming) perpendicular to the layer plane, which then form spaces between the individual layers, by means of which fluid guide channels are realized.
• it is a stack arrangement of three, for example, pressure-pressed material layers, particularly advantageous (see also the following exemplary embodiment) four material layers are used. det.
• such a fluid distribution element according to the invention can also be produced inexpensively and fully automatically by bonding preformed plastic or metal parts in which half channels are already preformed.
• a fluid distribution element according to the invention is therefore in the simplest case a structure with essentially circular or semicircular flow cross sections (tubes) which are pre-embossed into flat bodies (the individual layers) which in this variant are glued or soldered to other flat bodies.
• the connecting pipe pieces which are connected in a conclusive manner to the supply lines extend. to become.
• the channels do not overlap in or between the individual layers.
• Single layers of metal are used for the above-described roll-bonding process (or autogenous rolling welding).
• a suitable release agent is applied at the locations of the channels to be formed, and the sheets are cold-welded together by rolling.
• the release agent leaves unconverted areas exist, which can be expanded with a fluid, in particular air, pressurized into tubes.
• the sequence of expansion of the regions which are not disposed of. For example, the space between the inner, centrally located individual layers or individual layers is first widened, and then the space between individual layers lying further outside. In order to preserve the channel structure of already inflated channels, it is possible to leave them under pressure as further channels are inflated.
• the individual layers of the fluid distribution element or distributor connection piece can easily be connected to one another and then individual fluid distribution elements or distributor connection pieces stacked perpendicular to the layer plane and connected to supply lines, so that a stack (arrangement) of distributed, piled-up fluid distribution elements provided with fluid guide channels is produced.
• the design of such an arrangement of fluid distribution elements according to the invention can then be designed similar to a lamella lensagenüber lacking, in which the tubes form a closed body with the slats. In this way, according to the invention, an arrangement of fluid distribution elements or a multi-flow fluid guiding unit can be used by using a plurality of fluid distribution units.
• the above-described type of preparation for the individual fluid distribution elements or the entire, the arrangement of fluid distribution elements having fluid guide unit brings in addition to the advantage that no soldering or welding are necessary, also the advantage that they or it with the same conventional inexpensive metals or plastics, as the multi-channel pipes to be connected can be generated itself.
• the connections on the front side of the Eizelrohr supply lines are advantageously formed with a circular cross-section and selected with a standardized inner width, so that a connection with conventional lines and Kochsch congressen can be done easily.
• the cross-section of the channels can remain constant along the route, so that pressure or flow is constant remain, or be varied, so that physical phenomena, such as evaporation or compression can be specifically favored.
• the distributor connection piece or fluid distribution element according to the invention is thus characterized by a simple construction and a simple production and by low material costs.
• the shape of the plates can be arbitrary (seen in the layer plane), for example in a rectangular or polygonal shape.
• the entire combi-steamer is not conventionally manufactured as finned tube heat exchangers made of aluminum fins and tube registers made of copper, but it is a multilayer body of at least four individual layers realized (for example, with the above Roiling-Bond method).
• certain areas in the intermediate layers or between the individual layers can be excluded from a joining compound by means of separating agents or recesses Inflate areas or are already pre-embossed when available and thus form areas between the individual layers for the flow of fluids (ie channels).
• An exception here is the production by extrusion, whereby structures without branches and returns can be made in one piece.
• the flow-through areas in the intermediate layers may also include more complex structures, such as branches and returns.
• the fluid distribution element according to the invention in the combined steamer simplifies the structure so that supply lines are no longer complex forms with penetrations, but that the problem of permeation is transferred to the multilayered body.
• the bodies through which it flows are then tubular channels or channel-like tubes.
• the multilayer plates are shaped so as to achieve a functionality analogous to that of the combination evaporator, which is achieved by cold-welding together a body with advantageously four layers of plates, for example in the roll-bonding technique. This results in a total of three intermediate layers or areas between two adjacent individual layers, which are available either by release agents or by the use of pre-stamped structures for fluid guidance available.
• the individual layers can also be soldered or glued, in which case channel guides represent recessed areas.
• the upper and lower layers of this multi-layered body can then be used to make a channel system overlying the flow filaments.
• These outer channel systems can in this case be separated from each other by two further plates, which may be necessary because during the later continuation of these channels, the channel in the middle intermediate layer laterally penetrates into the outer channels. This process of lateral penetration corresponds to the penetration in the previous production of supply lines or distribution lines.
• Y-shaped branches can also be produced.
• a Y-shaped branch piece which is used in grain
• a multi-channel pipe must be divided into two parallel multi-channel pipes (for example, for the purpose of reducing pressure drop with the same transfer area in combination steamers).
• a separation medium may be applied to the ply planes according to the shape and arrangement of the branch.
• the four individual layers for example, can then be roll-pressed and the channels subsequently inflated.
• the present invention thus provides a distributor connector made of metal or plastic for nested or superimposed Mehrkanalar- term fluid handling apparatus, which consists essentially of separate leads on one side (first end side) and nested channels on the other side (second, the first end face opposite end face), wherein the channels do not penetrate, but in separate sub-channels (closing to the multi-channel tube) open, with these sub-channels intersect and partially overlap or completely, so that a contact surface for heat or mass transfer port over an intermediate channel wall arises.
• the supply or removal of fluids to or from the heat exchanger in separate, not superimposed channels so that the supply line can be connected on one side with conventional Einrohrön.
• the element according to the invention can be produced by roll bonding or pressure welding from a plurality of individual layers (advantageously at least three or four individual layers).
• the channel Such structures can be generated by puffing.
• the channel-like structures can alternatively also be provided by pre-stamped channel structures in the individual layers.
• the individual layers can also be cast or bonded together by gluing.
• a plurality of fluid distribution elements according to the invention can be stacked on top of one another and at a distance from each other, preferably perpendicular to the layer plane, whereby a heat exchanger with a plurality of multiple-channel tubes or several flights within the fluid-guiding unit is formed. Between each individual fluid distribution element of such a fluid guiding unit, a further fluid can flow through corresponding fluid-carrying structures.
• bionic approaches such as harp shape
• the production methods described can also be used to realize pipe branches (for example Y-shaped branches).
• the cross-sections of channels guided into each other can be adapted to one another for the purpose of a constant volume flow.
• FIG. 1 shows a first fluid distribution element according to the invention in a plan view of the layer plane L (FIG. 1a) and in a sectional view perpendicular to the plane of the layer L (FIG. 1b).
• FIG. 2 shows an isometric view of the fluid distribution element according to the invention shown in FIG.
• Figure 3 shows a second fluid distribution element according to the invention, which is constructed analogously to that shown in Figure 1, but forms a branched inner channel.
• FIG. 4 shows an arrangement of a plurality of fluid distribution elements stacked one above the other according to the invention.
• FIG. 5 shows a Y-shaped fluid distribution piece, which can be connected to a fluid distribution element according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a fluid distribution element according to the invention.
• 1 a shows a plan view of the layer plane L of the fluid distribution element
• FIG. 1 b shows different sectional views perpendicular to the layer plane and substantially perpendicular to the channel longitudinal direction K (see FIG.
• the channel longitudinal axis direction here is that direction in the layer plane L which essentially corresponds to the flow direction of the fluid through the inner channel I or the outer channel A.
• the fluid distribution element consists of four individual layers or individual layers 1 to 4, which each consist of flat metal bodies, here zinc sheets or aluminum sheets.
• the individual aluminum sheets or zinc sheet layers 1 to 4 are stacked one above the other perpendicular to the layer plane L. Parts of the surfaces or the tops and / or undersides of the individual NEN layers 1 to 4 are each pressure-tightly connected by the above-described roll-bonding method or roll pressing with parts of the opposite surfaces of adjacent individual layers.
• non-bonded regions are formed between these connected partial surface areas of two layers, in which cavities are created by bulging one or both of the adjacent individual layers, which cavities are then used as fluid guide channels (inner channel I and outer channels A, A S p, see below) are formed.
• FIGURE 1 shows, in the uppermost single layer 1, a first channel structure IS bulged in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the layer L (see FIG.
• first intermediate layer upper intermediate layer 2
• second channel structure 2S a further channel structure bulged upwards perpendicular to the layer plane L
• the two channel structures IS and 2S are now formed in different regions of the individual layers, as will be described in more detail below two separately extending channels, the inner channel I and the outer channel A, form, which in the channel longitudinal direction K increasingly approach, finally cross and partially overlap and finally substantially parallel to each other and completely overlapping Ü over each other.
• FIG. 1a at the bottom left shows the connection region AB, on the outside of which end side (the side shown in FIG. 1a below) the inner channel I and the outer channel A completely separate from one another and laterally offset from one another, so that two separate individual tubes can be connected to the fluid distributor according to the invention at this end face.
• the sectional view AA '(FIG. 1b, bottom right) shows, the channel structure IS of the uppermost layer 1 in the form of two bulges formed laterally offset from one another is formed on the outside end side of the connection region AB. In the area of a bulge (the bulge shown at the bottom left in FIG.
• the underlying individual layer 2 likewise has a bulge (which forms the channel structure 2S), which is designed and arranged such that it forms a positive fit in the bulge IS of the first Location 1 nestles.
• the underlying individual layer 2 in the region of the second bulging part of the channel structure IS (FIG. 1b, bottom right), the underlying individual layer 2 has no bulge, but is formed as a flat surface.
• a trapezoidal shape becomes trapezoidal between the individual layers 1 and 2 formed above tapered cavity, which is formed as a first outer channel portion Al of a formed for fluid transport outer channel A.
• the adjacent to the second single layer 2 and below the same arranged third single layer 3 is now seen in relation to the layer plane L mirror-symmetrical to the second single layer 2 formed.
• the fourth single layer which is arranged adjacent to this third individual layer 3 and below it, is mirror-symmetrically shaped (seen with respect to the layer plane L) to the uppermost single layer 1.
• connection area AB Due to this mirror-symmetrical shape (and a corresponding mirror-symmetrical arrangement) arises in the connection area AB through the arched channel structure 2S of the second single layer 2 and through their likeness in the third single layer 3 a cross-section approximately doppelrapezförmiger cavity between the second single layer 2 and the third single layer 3, which is also designed as an inner channel I (in the area AB as the first inner channel section II) for FIU id Entry.
• the first channel structure IS of the uppermost layer 2 and the second channel structure 2S of the upper middle layer 2 are thus formed in the crossing region KB (this also applies to the third channel structures 3S and 4S of the lower middle layer 3 and the lower layer 4) facing each other mirror-symmetrically the overlap area between the first channel structure IS and the second channel structure 2S is increasingly increased, until (due to the larger Width of the channel structure IS compared to the channel structure 2S; the width here is the extension perpendicular to the direction K in the layer plane L) the first channel structure IS completely overlaps the second channel structure 2S.
• the first channel structure IS thus successively slides upward in the channel longitudinal axis K (see FIG.
• the overlap region UB then adjoins, in which third channel sections (third inner channel section 13 and third outer channel section A3) are formed so that the inner channel I or the second channel structure 2S is completely separated from the outer channel A and from the first Channel structure IS is overlapped or covered.
• the first channel structure IS overlaps the second channel structure 2S symmetrically on both sides, so that the inner channel I, 13 runs centrally below the outer channel A, A3 or is enclosed by it on one side.
• the fluid distribution element shown thus has an inner channel I running essentially concentrically within two outer channels A, A SP , so that in a simple manner at this upper connection side a suitably trained multiple channel pipe can be connected (see also sectional view F-F ') -
• the exemplary embodiment of a fluid distribution element shown can be varied in many ways in the context of the present invention:
• the fluid distribution element can be integrated with one Mehrkanalrohr be formed or continued.
• Ver Kunststoffendste fluid management structures may be additionally integrated into the shown fluid distribution member, such as a Y-shaped branch element (see also FIG. 5) in which the concentric p within the two outer channels A, A ⁇ guided internal passage I, together with the surrounding outer channels branched into two separate strands.
• the fluid distribution element according to the invention from only three individual layers 1 to 3, so that only one outer channel A and one inner channel I result (omission of the second outer channel A SP ).
• the further layer elements 3 and 4 need not be formed symmetrically to the sheet elements 1 and 2, but may also be designed as a flat flat plates. In this case, then, only one here in the example simply trapezoidal (but in general other shapes are possible) inner channel I and an outer channel A.
• the individual layers can also be the same be formed integrally. This does not have to concern all individual layers, but may also relate only to individual individual layers shown (for example, by dispensing with the single layer 4, the two individual layers 2 and 3 could be produced as a one-piece, extruded molded article, to which another layer (uppermost layer 1 ) is superimposed).
• FIG. 2 shows an isometric view of the fluid distribution element shown in FIG. In the front section shown on the bottom side, clearly visible are the two separate outer channels A and A SP (semicircular) and the inner channel I (circular).
• FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a fluid distribution element according to the invention (shown here only as a plan view of the layer plane L). This is basically the same as the layer element shown in FIG. 1, so that only the differences will be described here.
• the two channel structures IS and 2S are designed in such a way that the inner channel I separates into two separate inner channel sections in the connection region AB and in the crossing region KB.
• connection region AB two separate staggered and offset from each other are thus added to the outer channel A, Al trained Dete first inner channel sections IIa and IIb formed, which allow the connection of two separate single-pipe supply lines for the inner channel I on the outside end face.
• the two separate inner channel sections intersect in the crossing area KB thus on both sides of the outer channel A and below the same in this, which can be realized by a corresponding construction, as has already been described to Figure 1.
• the inner channel I, 13 and the outer channel A, A3 overlap each other in the overlapping area UB.
• FIG. 4 shows an arrangement according to the invention of a plurality of (here three) fluid distribution elements F1 to F3.
• the three fluid distribution elements Fl to F3 are hereby arranged perpendicular to the layer plane or in the stacking direction S spaced from each other and one above the other.
• the layer planes L of the individual fluid distribution elements run parallel to one another.
• the individual fluid distribution elements are kept spaced apart by spacers Abs.
• the front side in FIG. 4 shows the connection side for the single-pipe feed lines for the fluid distribution elements.
• the individual pipe feed lines are here realized in such a way that from a first connection line 3 arranged in the stacking direction S individual pipe ducts branch off at the level of the individual fluid distribution elements, which are then each connected to an inner duct I of a fluid distribution element.
• a second connection line 4 is likewise arranged in the stacking direction S, from which individual tube channels likewise branch off at the level of the individual fluid distribution elements, which then in each case communicate with the individual individual tube channels. Ends of the outer channels A of Fluidver Samuelsele- elements are connected.
• the arrangement shown here is realized on the basis of the spacing Abs of the individual fluid distribution elements F1 to F3 realized by the spacers Abs, so that a volume is created between two adjacent fluid distribution elements which is likewise filled by a fluid (third fluid outside the inner channels I and the outer channels A). can be flowed through.
• the outer surface (upper side of the individual layers 1 and lower side of the individual layers 4) is provided with a plurality of individual, mutually parallel and offset from one another Rib structures 5 provided. These rib structures are arranged laterally next to the channel structures IS or 4S as well as on the outside on these and ensure swirling of the third fluid flowing through the intermediate spaces between the fluid distribution elements, whereby the heat exchange is optimized.
• FIG. 5 outlines a Y branch piece produced from the individual layers 1 to 4, for example by roll bonding, which can be used in combination with a fluid distribution element according to the invention in order to split the fluid flow of the inner channel I and of the outer channel A into two separate fluid streams in each case
• the Y-branch piece shown can be docked on the upper end side of the overlapping area UB of the fluid distribution element according to the invention shown in FIG. 1, see sectional view F-F ').

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• 2007
  • 2007-11-27 DE DE102007056995A patent/DE102007056995B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2008
  • 2008-11-25 AT AT08854597T patent/ATE543065T1/de active
  • 2008-11-25 WO PCT/EP2008/009985 patent/WO2009068245A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2008-11-25 EP EP20080854597 patent/EP2220451B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
• 2010
  • 2010-05-21 US US12/784,766 patent/US20100288380A1/en not_active Abandoned

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