EP2215689A1 - Procédé pour faire fonctionner une antenne en réseau à faisceau pivotant, ensemble antenne et son utilisation - Google Patents

Procédé pour faire fonctionner une antenne en réseau à faisceau pivotant, ensemble antenne et son utilisation

Info

Publication number
EP2215689A1
EP2215689A1 EP08804766A EP08804766A EP2215689A1 EP 2215689 A1 EP2215689 A1 EP 2215689A1 EP 08804766 A EP08804766 A EP 08804766A EP 08804766 A EP08804766 A EP 08804766A EP 2215689 A1 EP2215689 A1 EP 2215689A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
individual elements
array
groups
elements
frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08804766A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Focke
Uwe Wostradowski
Thomas Schoeberl
Thomas Hansen
Ewald Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2215689A1 publication Critical patent/EP2215689A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/22—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation in accordance with variation of frequency of radiated wave
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/42—Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates
    • G01S13/426—Scanning radar, e.g. 3D radar
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
    • H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/002—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns providing at least two patterns of different beamwidth; Variable beamwidth antennas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G01S2013/9321—Velocity regulation, e.g. cruise control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G01S2013/9327—Sensor installation details
    • G01S2013/93271—Sensor installation details in the front of the vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for operating an array-based antenna dependent on the frequency of the beam.
  • the subject of the invention is also an array-based antenna and a use.
  • the inventive method with the features of claim 1 and the antenna according to the invention with the features of claim 7 has the advantage that especially for radar applications, the beam width of the beam lobes of an array antenna are varied depending on the direction by switching on or off of individual elements or groups of individual elements of the array can, wherein the beam tilt of the array depending on the frequency is also still possible.
  • fixed beam beams beam width
  • the beam width can vary over the frequency. Since both measures but unlike the invention can not be performed simultaneously, is one for some
  • the beam width is directly related to the number of active array elements. Simply put, the more array elements receive radiation, the narrower the beam and the higher the overall array gain. For some functions, for example ACC (Automatic Cruise Control), it is advantageous to adjust the beam width to either the current road scenario or the current scan angle.
  • ACC Automatic Cruise Control
  • the invention now ensures that the beam width is always optimally adapted to the functional requirements by adaptive Ab- connection of the outer array elements.
  • the beam width determines in radar systems significantly the angular separation capability and thus the resolution. Depending on the function, it is necessary to realize different angular resolutions in different spatial directions.
  • the functional combination of the features beam sweep and beam width variation of the radiation lobes for frequency-scanning systems succeeds. This essentially achieves greater flexibility, in particular of radar sensors, with regard to their usability for certain functions.
  • connection or disconnection of individual elements or groups of individual elements of an array is preferably lossless by corresponding high-frequency switch in the feed network of the array. Ideally, by using reflective switches, the radio frequency energy of the switched-off array elements is fed into the remaining array elements.
  • An alternative is to use multiple RF sources to power the array elements. These high-frequency sources are preferably coupled together in a phase-locked manner. The connection / disconnection of the columns is then done by turning on or off the high frequency sources. This has the advantage that it does not require high-frequency energy is not generated at all. This results in advantages for the power / heat balance, especially in radar sensors used.
  • narrow radiation lobes can be achieved in the lane-relevant areas with the advantage of high angular resolution and reliable identification of objects, whereas outside the Lanes wider beams with lower angular resolution can be achieved with advantages in the vicinity, for example when parking.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically different beam widths of the radiation lobes of an array antenna in different viewing ranges
  • FIG. 2 shows the disconnection of a plurality of edge elements of medium reflective
  • the radiation beams (beams) of an array antenna are pivoted in dependence on the frequency.
  • the radiation lobes can be varied depending on the direction by connecting or disconnecting individual elements or groups of individual elements of the array.
  • FIG. 1 shows the beams generated by a frequency-scanning vehicle radar by means of a radar sensor according to the invention in the front region of a motor vehicle 10.
  • the wide beams 20 in the edge regions provide there a low angular resolution.
  • the beams 20 are narrower in the lane-relevant ranges.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment for feeding the array elements
  • the transmission line 31 is terminated at the end with an absorber 61.
  • This phase shift determines the direction of the radiation lobes of the array antenna.
  • the width of the radiation lobes is determined by the number of switched on and off array elements 1. In the exemplary embodiment, it is assumed that there are array elements 11 in the middle region of the array antenna, which are always connected to the
  • Transmission line 31 are connected and therefore also have no associated switch 51.
  • the array elements 1, 11 can also be arranged like a matrix so that entire rows or columns can be switched on or off.
  • entire columns of array elements are preferably switched on or off in order to set desired beamwidths depending on the direction of operation depending on the mode of operation of a given driver assistance system at ACC (Automatic Cruise Control).
  • the switches 51 can be controlled here, for example, adaptively by the control unit of the ACC system.
  • the beamwidth variation may also be adapted to a current road scenario / scenario, particularly an uncertain or ambiguous radar reception signal, for example, the uncertainty of whether it is only one or more objects at a detected destination.
  • the control of the switch 51 can be carried out by a Radarempfangssig- nal- evaluation device.
  • a plurality of radio-frequency sources 22 are used for feeding array elements 1 or 11 or groups of array elements.
  • the array elements 11 in the middle region are permanently connected to the high-frequency sources 22.
  • the array elements 1 in the edge regions can be switched on or off via the switches 62.
  • the individual high-frequency sources 22 are preferably coupled together in a phase-locked manner. This phase-locked coupling can be achieved, for example, via injection locking of oscillators.
  • the mixers 71 can also be used to phase-shift the array elements according to the Huggins principle (Skolnik "Introduction to Radar Systems” Second Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company 1980, pages 303 to 305, in particular FIGS. 8.19 and 8.20 together with the description) to reach.
  • the principle according to FIG. 3 can also be used for antenna arrays constructed in the manner of a matrix, with the connection or disconnection of gaps in the edge regions.
  • FIG. 2 by controlling the array elements in lane-relevant areas, ie substantially in the direction of travel, small beam widths with respect to their radiation lobes with high angular resolution and areas outside large beam widths with low angular resolution, which is particularly advantageous for driving maneuvers in the vicinity.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Pour faire fonctionner une antenne en réseau à faisceau pivotant en fonction de la fréquence, on fait varier les largeurs de faisceau des lobes en fonction de la direction par activation ou désactivation (51) d'éléments individuels (1) ou de groupes d'éléments individuels du réseau.
EP08804766A 2007-11-26 2008-09-26 Procédé pour faire fonctionner une antenne en réseau à faisceau pivotant, ensemble antenne et son utilisation Withdrawn EP2215689A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007056910A DE102007056910A1 (de) 2007-11-26 2007-11-26 Verfahren zum Betreiben einer arraybasierten strahlschwenkbaren Antenne sowie Anordnung und Verwendung
PCT/EP2008/062884 WO2009068337A1 (fr) 2007-11-26 2008-09-26 Procédé pour faire fonctionner une antenne en réseau à faisceau pivotant, ensemble antenne et son utilisation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2215689A1 true EP2215689A1 (fr) 2010-08-11

Family

ID=39967921

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08804766A Withdrawn EP2215689A1 (fr) 2007-11-26 2008-09-26 Procédé pour faire fonctionner une antenne en réseau à faisceau pivotant, ensemble antenne et son utilisation

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2215689A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007056910A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009068337A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008054624A1 (de) 2008-12-15 2010-06-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh FMCW-Radarsensor für Kraftfahrzeuge
DE102009055345A1 (de) 2009-12-29 2011-06-30 Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 Antenne
DE102009055344A1 (de) 2009-12-29 2011-06-30 Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 Antenne
DE102010003327A1 (de) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Mikrowellenscanner
DE102013205892A1 (de) * 2013-04-03 2014-10-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Radarvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Radarvorrichtung
EP3340378A1 (fr) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-27 Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales Récepteur gnss simplifié ayant une précision améliorée dans un environnement perturbé
CN113346224B (zh) * 2021-05-27 2022-05-31 北京无线电测量研究所 辐射单元、天线接收总成、频相电扫缝隙阵列天线及雷达

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9401361D0 (en) * 1994-01-25 1994-03-23 Philips Electronics Uk Ltd A radar system
US6750810B2 (en) * 2001-12-18 2004-06-15 Hitachi, Ltd. Monopulse radar system
DE10261027A1 (de) * 2002-12-24 2004-07-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Winkelauflösendes Antennensystem

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2009068337A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102007056910A1 (de) 2009-05-28
WO2009068337A1 (fr) 2009-06-04

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