EP2215189A1

EP2215189A1 - Mechanism for the automatable latching of doors, door bodies or door frames of horizontal coke oven chambers

Info

Publication number: EP2215189A1
Application number: EP08853630A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Franz-Josef Schücker; Peter Thomas
Original assignee: Uhde GmbH
Current assignee: ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Priority date: 2007-11-27
Filing date: 2008-11-13
Publication date: 2010-08-11
Also published as: AU2008329201A1; JP2011504949A; AP3046A; EG25470A; AR069748A1; US8720430B2; WO2009068184A1; DE102007057410B3; CN101878281A; MX2010005747A; BRPI0819772A2; RU2010126211A; TW200925258A; ZA201003754B; AP2010005271A0; RU2468062C2; TWI445811B; AU2008329201B2; MY154220A; US20110023860A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for latching horizontal coke oven chambers which is triggered by an auxiliary frame situated on the coke oven chamber door. The auxiliary frame is moveable to a limited extent in the vertical direction on the coke oven chamber doors. During the upwards movement, the auxiliary frame impacts at the top against the impact cam which is fixed on the door of the coke oven chamber and which transmits the vertical tension force to the oven doors. During the upwards movement, the auxiliary frame actuates levers which are moveable so as to be able to rotate about an axis located orthogonally to the coke chamber oven and which are connected to a latch which is freely moveable in a translatory manner. When the lever is actuated it pulls the latch out of latch holding bearings which are mounted on the coke oven chamber door in such a manner that the coke oven chamber door can be unlatched and opened. The coke oven chamber door, in one embodiment of the invention, can be held in the open or closed position by means of a device which is suitable therefor.

Description

Mechanism for automatable locking of doors, door bodies or door frames of horizontal coke oven chambers

The invention relates to a mechanism as a device for locking doors, door panels or door frames horizontal coke oven chambers. The locking device is unlocked by the vertical pulling force of cables or chains and thus requires no manual or automatic external drive and control device. The inventive latch is insensitive to contaminants and contaminants typically encountered in modern coking facilities. The lock according to the invention also closes coke oven chambers tightly in order to reliably seal off the high pressure differences between the coke oven chamber and the environment and prevents the escape of environmentally harmful byproducts from coking processes. The locking device according to the invention also locks coke oven chambers independently and is thus low-maintenance and easy to operate.

The implementation of coking is carried out, for example, in horizontal coke oven chambers to be filled to carry out the coking process with a suitable coal and emptied after completion of the coking process with suitable devices and cleaned. For this purpose, in conventional constructions on both sides of the coke oven chamber door openings, with which the furnace can be pierced when emptying with a suitable device from one side and emptied to the other side. The emptying is usually done in coke loader cars, in which the hot coke is emptied and transported to an extinguishing device, where the coke is cooled down and cleaned. Often you can also find constructions that allow coke filling through the coke oven chamber ceiling. The emptying and cleaning process then takes place through the horizontal coke oven chamber openings.

In all constructions, however, the Koksofenkammeröffnungen be closed after filling, so that the coke oven chambers can be heated and pressurized. During the course of the coking process, gas and vapor products, which consist of gases and tarry condensates, are created inside the coke oven chamber. In the so-called "conventional" coke oven, the gases and tarry condensates are collected and sent for further processing.The heating of the coke oven chambers takes place in such cases mostly from the outside.Other embodiments, the so-called "non-recovery" furnaces, use the by-products for combustion and thereby generate the necessary heat for coking. Heat-recovery furnaces, in turn, use the heat of combustion of coking gases through secondary equipment.

In both constructions, the coking process often leads to pressure build-up in the coke oven chamber, which has to be sealed to the outside. Since the door construction of the coke oven chamber is exposed to a considerable heat, this is difficult because the coke oven chamber doors undergo deformations within a long service life and therefore do not close permanently reliable. The result is a squeezing out of the by-products from the coke oven chamber in the form of emissions, which pose a significant threat to the environment and the operating personnel. In addition, due to leaks and leaks often form encrustations on the outer wall and the doors, which are difficult to remove and mean a lot of effort for the cleaning and maintenance of the coke oven chambers. For this reason, the doors of coke oven chambers must be closed and locked as tightly as possible during operation.

Many door designs are therefore worked so that the actual door consists of a so-called plug, which presses the contents of the coke oven chamber in the oven chamber and is held by a frame. This plug can be a few millimeters to several decimeters long and usually consists of a refractory material such as ceramic or chamotte. To open or close the frame in which the plug is suspended, moved out of the door opening and moved to a rest position. Often, these plugs have a significant weight, which is why the frame and the suspensions can sometimes be difficult to use in the intended closed positions.

Due to the high temperature during the coking process, the doors can deform so that they no longer seal the coke oven chamber tight. In addition, the load-bearing frame construction is exposed to considerable stresses during operation due to the high weight. In order to achieve a reliable seal of the coke oven chamber interior, the door must therefore be tightly sealed against the coke oven chamber wall and locked. The bars, which seal the coke oven door tightly against the environment and hold tightly against the internal pressure of the coke oven chamber in the closed position, are therefore of considerable importance for the construction of a coke oven chamber. For locking Koksofenkammertüren different constructions have been proposed. DE 1214646 B describes a door for horizontal coke oven with attached to the furnace body latch hooks, which protrude from the Koksofenkammerwand laterally in the profile of the door and receive support lever, which are mounted on the front side of the door. The support levers are arranged adjustable on the coke oven chamber door, so that a uniform pressure is ensured with a correct adjustment of the door. However, by locking the door from the front, the door requires very tight-fitting seal cutters on the sides of the door frame. In addition, automation is difficult because the lock mechanism extends over the entire door device.

[0008] DE 3307844 A1 describes a door device for coke oven chambers, which uses a flexurally elastic door for closing coke oven chambers and compensates the deformation forces by a tightly sealing sealing strip device and screw-shaped closing door latch located in front of the door. The relationship between door body stiffness and specific sealing load force is kept so low that the deformation of the door body is mainly compensated by the locking forces and the sealing strip force. The bolt itself is worked as a screw cap, which is mounted on the front side of the coke oven chamber door and is pressed against a bolt mounted on the chamber frame. Preferably, each door is equipped with two bars, but depending on the deformation forces and the height of the door, there may also be three bars. The sealing cutting frame is elastically suspended by a resilient device pressed against the chamber frame, so that the resulting gap between the door and frame is always sealed. The construction described has the disadvantage that the sealing cutting frame often has to be repaired to seal tight, which requires a high maintenance. In addition, the locking mechanism is difficult to handle and difficult to automate.

Coke oven ovens are usually arranged in coke oven batteries or coke oven benches. The bars used for a coke oven chamber should close the doors of the individual coke oven chambers as tight as possible. You should lock the door of the coke oven chamber firmly and locked against the coke oven chamber and still be easy to operate. In order to make the machining effort for locking small, it is an advantage if the locking mechanism is carried out simultaneously with the operation of opening or closing. Finally, the locking mechanism should be as insensitive to contamination as possible and should not be blocked by coking products. The locking mechanism should also not increase the weight of the coke oven door over charge. Another requirement is easy automation of the locking process, so that it can be operated by an electric or electronic control. It is the object to provide a locking mechanism that has these properties. It is also an object to provide a method that vertically opens and closes the doors, door panels or door frames of horizontal coke oven chamber furnaces with said apparatus. This procedure should be automatable if necessary.

The invention solves this problem by a locking mechanism that locks a coke oven chamber door simultaneously with the process of opening or closing against the coke oven chamber wall. The mechanism for locking is actuated by the auxiliary construction of a subframe which is mounted on the front of the door and freely movable in the vertical direction. The limitation down is exercised by so-called retaining cams on which the subframe rests in the closed door position. The limitation upwards is given by so-called stop cams, which are reached only when pulling up the subframe. The lateral movement of the subframe is prevented by retaining clips. When pulling up the subframe unlocks this locking mechanism. After abutment of the subframe against the stop cams this pulls the door against the stop cam in the open position.

The actual locking mechanism consists of rotationally movable on an axis perpendicular to the door coaming Koksofenkammerwand levers, which are connected with translationally along the door-comprehensive coke oven chamber wall movable bars. The rotational movement of the lever is triggered by the pulling up of the subframe, whereby then the translationally movable latch are pulled out of the bolt bearing and the door is unlocked. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the translational freely movable latch is resiliently held in the locking bearings, so that this is retrieved when closing the door back into the locking position.

By simultaneously opening and unlocking or closing and locking the locking process can be well automated. The latch is triggered by the pulling force of the opening mechanism. In an automated device for opening and closing the coke oven chambers, this is then also carried out for the locking process. The device described is insensitive to contami- cleaning, as the main part of the locking unit is mounted on the front of the coke oven chamber door.

The locking unit engages on the coke oven chamber wall side preferably in so-called bolt receiving warehouse. These can be mounted so that the coke oven chamber is flush with the coke oven chamber wall. For this purpose, the coke oven chamber door is opened semicircularly from the coke oven chamber wall with levers attached to the coke oven chamber door. However, as a rule, the door construction protrudes from the Koksofenkammerkonstruktion out. Then, holding rods are mounted in the coke oven chamber wall, which allow the inclusion of the bars in one of the coke oven chamber wall upstream position. This is particularly appropriate when the coke oven chamber is made of a plug with upstream holding device, so that the door device lifts out of the coke oven chamber wall spatially. As a result, it is possible with the locking device according to the invention to lock practically all door constructions of horizontal coke oven chamber furnaces.

Claimed is in particular a device for locking doors, door bodies or door frame horizontal coke oven chambers, wherein

• the doors, door panels or door frames are suspended in a vertical direction, and • the doors, door panels or door frames are mechanically connected to a device for vertical pulling and unloading with a rope, a chain or a lever, and

The doors, door bodies or door frames are equipped with the coke oven chamber in horizontal or vertical direction along the bars closing the coke oven chamber walls, and characterized in that

• The doors, door body or door frame on the side facing away from the coke oven chamber comprise an auxiliary frame, which is guided by running on the coke oven chamber doors brackets and is suspended against the doors, the door body or door frame in the vertical direction movable, and

• the subframe on the vertical outside has at least one operating cam per side, and • Is in the running direction of the actuating cam to an axis orthogonal to the furnace axis rotatably movable lever, and

• is connected to the rotatably movable lever a door-out translationally along the coke oven chamber movable lever which locks the door by snapping into a receiving device in the coke oven chamber wall against the coke oven chamber wall, and

• On the door side facing away from the furnace, above the subframe in the coke oven chamber door, there are stop cams on which the subframe strikes after a certain vertical distance in an upright movement.

The subframe is preferably designed rectangular to create the device according to the invention. However, it is also possible to make this round or square. Finally, any shape that allows a stable frame device to perform the purpose of the invention is suitable. In order to enable an automatic locking when closing and lowering the subframe, the locking bolt mounted in the coke oven chamber door is advantageously mounted in a resilient device. As a result, the bolt moves back to the locking position after returning the rotatably freely movable lever. It is also possible to compensate for this by a plurality of actuating cams, which move back the rotating lever. However, this usually leads to extra work for the design and proves to be less reliable.

The invention advantageously allows the attachment of two actuating cam with the associated locking units per Koksofenkammertürseite. Depending on the requirement, an actuating cam with the associated locking units can be sufficient. However, it is ultimately possible to use any number of actuating cams with the associated locking units per coke oven chamber side. The locking devices can close the coke oven door in any direction. So it is possible to let the bars close the door of the coke oven chamber from the door sideways. But it is also possible to let the bolt close the door from the door on the door. Finally, the latches directed by the door can close them in any direction. To accommodate the bars are on the coke oven chamber wall suitable latch receiving devices. In one embodiment of the invention, the bolt receiving warehouse are as receiving device for the bars directly on the coke oven chamber wall. For most door constructions of coke oven chambers, however, it is advantageous if the receiving device for the bars is located in a lever or in a rod which is upstream of the coke oven chamber wall. As a result, with the locking device according to the invention, door constructions can be locked, which have a more expensive stopper construction.

Of course, doors of the coke oven chambers, which are equipped with the locking device according to the invention, be arbitrary. In order to ensure the most pressure-tight completion of the coking process against the environment, are located between the coke oven chamber and the coke oven chamber wall usually constructions that represent a gas barrier for the door transition. These are membranes or so-called sealing cutting frames. These devices are usually made of a metallic material and are on a suitable sealing strip in the coke oven chamber frame.

The membranes are usually elastic and are pressed by suitable pressure elements, such as springs, against the coke oven chamber wall. This can counteract the deformation that manifests itself in the coke oven chamber wall and door over the operating time and would otherwise lead to significant emissions. The membranes or seal cutters may be included in doors or door devices of coke oven chambers that are locked with the device of the invention.

An example of a suitable door device for Koksofenkammem, which are equipped with the lock according to the invention, EP 724007 B1 describes. A plug closes the coke oven chamber opening of a horizontal coke oven chamber. The plug itself is mounted on a retaining plate, which in turn is mounted on a mounting plate forming the door frame. The retaining plate and the mounting plate are kept at a distance with pressure screws. As a result, on the one hand the heat effect on the mounting plate can be kept low and on the other hand the door body can be adapted to the deformations of the coke oven chamber frame. The seal cutting frame, which seals the door gap between the door plug and coke oven chamber frame, is pressurized with adjustable spring pressure elements connected to a frame of the door body. The device according to the invention can, for example, on the mounting plate be applied. Thereby, the entire door device can be locked on the coke oven chamber wall.

The coke oven chamber, which is closed by the locking mechanism according to the invention, may be of any kind. The locking device according to the invention is also suitable for Koksofenkammertüren that are completed between coke oven chamber and coke oven chamber with a sealing material. Examples of suitable materials are ceramic wool or glass wool. The door or coke oven chamber may also be coated. Finally, the coke oven chamber and the coke oven chamber can additionally be pressed onto the coke oven chamber wall with a pressing device such as a screw thread or a resilient device in order to give the door locked according to the invention a stronger contact pressure on the coke oven chamber opening.

In one embodiment of the invention, the coke oven door is guided on rails for opening and closing. The coke oven door in this case is slightly larger than the opening behind it, so that it can be guided on grooves or bulges serving as rails. In a further embodiment of the invention, the door is attached to the Koksofenkammerwand with hinged rods and thus moved to the open position. The door is then raised vertically and withdraws a semicircular movement away from the oven so that it is moved to a rest position above the coke oven opening. It is also possible to fix the hinged bars above or below the door so that it opens to the side. The opening mechanism may be of any kind in order to be able to be closed with the lock according to the invention. As a result, doors located in the coke oven chamber opening can also be opened with the device according to the invention.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the coke oven chamber has a device for locking. This allows the coke oven door to be locked in the open or closed position. In this way, the bars are additionally relieved. The device for locking can be of any kind and be located at the Koksofenkammertür at any point. The rectangular auxiliary frame can also be equipped with a detent. This allows the door to be locked without activating the locking mechanism. Also claimed is a method for opening and closing doors, door bodies or door frames of a horizontal coke oven chamber, characterized in that

• when opening the door device by vertical pull via a mechanical train connection first sets a mounted on the front of the coke oven chamber subframe in motion, and

This subframe, by means of lateral actuation cams mounted on the outside, moves a lever which is rotatable about an axis orthogonal to the coke oven chamber, and this rotatably movable lever presses inwardly a translationally movable bar along the door covering the coke oven chamber wall, thereby unlocking the coke oven chamber door;

• The subframe, in its vertical upward movement, pushes against stop cams fixedly connected to the door body, which move the entire door device upwards, and

• the door device slides back into the door frame while relieving the vertical tension, and

• The subframe falls back into the holder of the coke oven chamber front side, thereby moving back the rotatably movable lever, and locked by this rotational movement of the translationally movable bolt, the coke oven chamber again against the coke oven chamber wall.

The lock can be opened or closed during the coking process at any point in time. Typically, the locking mechanism is actuated when the coke oven door is opened for cleaning or loading after a coking cycle. This is done by applying a tensile force to the chains attached to the doors of the coke oven chambers or the cable. The tensile force can be generated arbitrarily. It is possible to generate these by a hydraulic cylinder or a hydraulic lever. But it is also possible borrowed to exert the tensile force by an electrically or manually operated lever. Also conceivable are gear-driven devices or a steam or gas driven mechanism. All devices for generating tensile force are conceivable for the actuation of the device according to the invention for locking. The locking method according to the invention is suitable both for coke oven chambers of the "heat recovery", "non-recovery" type and for coke oven chambers of the "conventional" type, in particular for ovens of the "heat recovery" type in which only Low emissions of by-products are possible, this method is suitable.

The inventive method and thus operated device offer the advantage of a reliable locking mechanism for coke oven chamber doors. The device according to the invention requires no expensive upstream locking mechanisms, works in a space-saving manner and only slightly increases the weight of the door construction of a coke oven chamber. It is maintenance and easy to use. It is insensitive to encrustations and impurities and requires no complex changes during operation. The inventive device seals the interior of a coke oven chamber with the use of suitable sealing cutting frame or membranes pressure-tight and fixed. In addition, the inventive locking device allows easy automation of the method for locking coke oven chambers. When using a corresponding control device, the locking mechanism of each individual coke oven chamber of a coke oven battery or a coke oven bank can be triggered via the actuation of the opening.

The inventive design of a device for locking a coke oven is explained in more detail with reference to two drawings, wherein the inventive method is not limited to these embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows a horizontal coke oven chamber with the device according to the invention for locking in a frontal view with the coke oven chamber door closed. The coke oven chamber (1) is closed with a coke oven chamber door (2). On the coke oven door (2) sits a subframe (3), which is fixed with brackets (4) or other suitable devices on the door movable. On the lateral wall of the frame sit two actuating cams (5) on each side, which in the upward movement strike against levers orthogonal to the furnace (6). These levers (6) are in turn connected to longitudinally to the door enclosing coke oven chamber wall translationally movable bars (7). The bars can sit in resilient bearings (8). The latches engage in catching bolt receiving bearings (9) mounted on the coke oven chamber wall. The subframe (3) lies down on supporting cams (10) which are attached to the coke oven chamber (2). At the upper part of the coke oven chamber, stop cams (11) are firmly mounted, against which the subframe (3) encounters an upward movement. The upward movement may be exercised by the exercise of a pulling device such as a chain or rope (12). On the furnace roof of the coke oven chamber is a device for ventilation of the furnace (13). Under the coke oven chamber door are still the secondary air soles (14) and also openings for air inlet (15). The oven door of the coke oven chamber is stored for opening on a supporting rail (16).

FIG. 2 shows a horizontal coke oven chamber with the device according to the invention for locking in frontal view when the coke oven chamber door is open. The coke oven chamber (2) mounted on the coke oven chamber (1) contains the auxiliary frame (3), which is pulled up over the ropes or chains (12). He hits the stop cams (11). These transmit the vertical tensile force to the coke oven chamber door (2), which thereby opens and releases the coking chamber filling (13). The subframe (3) is performed in Klammem (4) and fixed on the coke oven chamber (2). During the upward movement, the actuating cams (5) fastened on the subframe (3) encounter the lever (6) which is rotatably movable in relation to the axis orthogonal to the furnace. These actuate the latch (7), which press the resilient bearings (8) and are pulled out of the receiving devices (9). The coke oven door (2) is opened and releases the coke cake (17). The coke oven chamber door (2) is guided on a rail (16).

FIG. 3 shows a horizontal coke oven chamber with the device according to the invention for locking in a frontal view with the coke oven chamber completely open. The coke oven chamber (2) mounted on the coke oven chamber (1) contains the subframe (3) that has been hoisted over the ropes or chains (12). The coke oven chamber door is attached to the door (18a) and coke oven chamber wall (18b) via linkage rods (18) and has been moved away from the coke oven chamber wall for opening in semicircular motion. On the furnace roof there are openings (19) for filling the coke oven chamber.

[0032] List of Reference Numerals

1 Horizontal coke oven chamber

2 coke oven door

3 subframes

4 guide clips for the subframe

5 actuating cams

6 Rotary movable levers Translationally moving levers Spring-loaded bearings Bolt-receiving bearings Pick-up cams Stop cams Cable or chain Ventilation opening in the coke oven chamber cover Secondary air sole Vent hole in the coke oven chamber bottom Coke oven chamber opening with coke cake inside Joint rods a Tie rod attachment to the door b Tie rod attachment to the coke oven chamber wall Openings in the coke oven chamber ceiling to fill

Claims

claims

1. Device for locking doors, door bodies or door frame horizontal coke oven chambers, wherein • the doors, door body or door frame are suspended in a vertical direction movable, and

The doors, door panels or door frames are mechanically connected to a cable, a chain or a lever with a device for vertical pulling and unloading, and the doors, door bodies or door frames with the coke oven chamber in the horizontal or vertical direction along the door-covering coke oven chamber walls equipped closing bars, characterized in that

• The doors, door body or door frame on the side facing away from the coke oven furnace include a subframe, the on the

Koksofenkammertür is performed current clamps and which is movably suspended against the door, the door body or door frame in the vertical direction, and

• the subframe on the vertical outside has at least one actuating cam per side, and

• Is in the running direction of the actuating cam to an axis orthogonal to the furnace axis rotatably movable lever, and

• On the door side facing away from the furnace, above the rectangular auxiliary frame in the door, there are stop cams on which the subframe strikes after a certain vertical distance in an upright movement.

2. Device for locking horizontal coke oven doors, door bodies or door frames according to claim 1, characterized in that the latch receiving bearing for the latch is mounted on a lever or rod mounted on the coke oven chamber wall and positioning the belt receiving device in front of the coke oven chamber wall ,

3. A device for locking doors, door bodies or door frame horizontal coke oven chambers according to claim one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the subframe is designed in a rectangular shape.

4. A device for locking doors, door bodies or door frame horizontal coke oven chambers according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bolt outwardly lock the coke oven chamber horizontally to the side along the coke oven chamber wall.

5. A device for locking doors, door bodies or door frame horizon- tal coke oven chambers according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outwardly directed translational freely movable lever are provided with a resilient device, through which again in the against the coke oven chamber locking position can be returned.

6. A device for locking doors, door bodies or door frame horizontal coke oven chambers according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the coke oven chamber locking doors are equipped with a connected to the coke oven chamber pivot rod, which is a vertical upward movement away from the furnace leading semi-circular motion allowed.

7. A device for locking doors, door bodies or door frame horizontal coke oven chambers according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the located on the side facing away from coke oven chamber on the door has a device for locking.

8. Device for locking doors, door bodies or door frames of horizontal coke oven chambers according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized indicates that the vertical, door-side sides comprise two actuation cams per side with the same number of levers rotating in the direction of the actuation cams about the axes orthogonal to the furnace and associated levers moveable translationally along the coke oven chamber wall.

9. Device for locking horizontal coke oven doors, door panels or door frames according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the door consists of a door frame containing a heat-resistant furnace inwardly directed plug which pushes the Koksofenfül- ment in the coke oven chamber.

10. A method for opening and closing doors, door bodies or door frames of a horizontal coke oven chamber, characterized in that

11. A method for opening and closing doors, door bodies or door frames of a horizontal coke oven chamber according to claim 10, characterized in that the coke oven chamber door is moved in the vertical direction with a hydraulically driven cable.