EP2212471A1 - Section de formation - Google Patents

Section de formation

Info

Publication number
EP2212471A1
EP2212471A1 EP08854819A EP08854819A EP2212471A1 EP 2212471 A1 EP2212471 A1 EP 2212471A1 EP 08854819 A EP08854819 A EP 08854819A EP 08854819 A EP08854819 A EP 08854819A EP 2212471 A1 EP2212471 A1 EP 2212471A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wire
section
forming
cover
holes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08854819A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2212471A4 (fr
EP2212471B1 (fr
Inventor
Hannu Turpeinen
Antti Poikolainen
Kari RÄISÄNEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valmet Technologies Oy
Original Assignee
Metso Paper Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metso Paper Oy filed Critical Metso Paper Oy
Publication of EP2212471A1 publication Critical patent/EP2212471A1/fr
Publication of EP2212471A4 publication Critical patent/EP2212471A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2212471B1 publication Critical patent/EP2212471B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F9/00—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F9/003—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper of the twin-wire type
    • D21F9/006—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper of the twin-wire type paper or board consisting of two or more layers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/02—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines of the Fourdrinier type
    • D21F11/04—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines of the Fourdrinier type paper or board consisting on two or more layers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a forming section according to the preamble of claim 1 1.
  • the task of a forming section is to remove water from fibre suspension fed by the headbox.
  • the consistency of fibre suspension fed onto the forming section is usually 1% and, after the forming section, the consistency of the web formed on the forming section is again 18-20%.
  • the volume for which water can be removed from different stocks for achieving a web of good quality is a function of many factors, such as e.g. a func- tion of the desired basis weight of the web, the design speed of the machine, and the desired level of fines, fibres and fill materials in the finished product.
  • a forming section known from prior art is a hybrid former, which consists of a single-wire section and a twin-wire section following it, whereby the lower wire forms a second wire of the twin-wire section.
  • the headbox feeds a pulp suspension jet at the beginning of the single-wire section, after which a pulp layer, having received its initial forming on the lower wire, moves onto the twin-wire section on which the formation of the web is continued.
  • the web On the single-wire section, the web is dewatered only in one direction i.e. through the lower wire and, on the twin-wire section, the web is dewatered in both directions.
  • the hybrid former can be used in a relatively large basis-weight range, whereby it is possible by means of it to e.g. manufacture fine paper the basis weight of which is in the range of 40-300 g/m 2 . With a gap former, it is usually not possible to manufacture a web the basis weight of which exceeds the value of 200 g/m 2 . Thus, there are still a lot of hybrid formers in use and some old fourdrinier-wire formers are modified into hybrid formers.
  • a problem related to the hybrid former is that the residual variation of the web formed is dependent on the speed of the machine.
  • the upper limit of the speed range of the best hybrid formers today is about 1,300 m/min. If the speed of the hybrid former is increased to a value of over 1,300 m/min, also the residual variation of the web formed increases strongly. A web having too large a residual variation is not a saleable product.
  • Fig. 3 of WO specification 2007/096467 describes a hybrid former.
  • a single-layer headbox feeds a pulp suspension jet onto a lower wire at the beginning of a single-wire section on top of a forming board after a breast roll.
  • the forming board is provided with underpressure and there are two successive dewatering zones. De- watering starts in the first dewatering zone and continues in the second i.e. the latter dewatering zone.
  • the second dewatering zone consists of cross-machine directional strips with which pulsating dewatering is induced in pulp suspension travelling on the lower wire.
  • the web On the single-wire section, the web is dewatered only in one direction i.e. downwards.
  • the single-wire section is followed by a twin-wire section at the beginning of which an upper wire loop forms a gap with the lower wire.
  • an upper wire loop forms a gap with the lower wire.
  • a suction box which is divided into three successive compartments in which unequal underpressures can be used.
  • the lower surface of the first compartment of the suction box following the gap of the twin-wire section is constituted of a curvilinear, stationary forming shoe provided with thorough holes.
  • FI utility model 6487 again describes another hybrid former.
  • a multi-layer head- box feeds a pulp suspension jet onto a lower wire at the beginning of a single-wire section immediately after a breast roll.
  • a suc- tion box which can comprise dewatering strips either with or without suction, various suction boxes, forming shoes or equivalents.
  • the single-wire section is followed by a twin-wire section at the beginning of which an upper wire loop forms a gap with the lower wire.
  • a suction box which is divided into three successive compartments in which unequal un- derpressures can be used.
  • the lower surface of the first compartment of the suction box following the gap of the twin-wire section is constituted of a curvilinear, stationary forming shoe provided with thorough holes.
  • the distance between a slice opening of the headbox and a closing point of the gap of the twin-wire section is in the range of 0.5-8 m, advantageously 0.3-3 m.
  • US patent 4154645 describes a web-forming unit for manufacturing a paper web.
  • a forming wire loop there are a breast roll and a forming roll.
  • On a section between the breast roll and the forming roll below the forming wire there are a forming board and a combination of a wet suction box and a wire guiding shoe following it.
  • a single-layer headbox feeds a pulp suspension jet on top of a fourdrinier wire on a section following the breast roll.
  • the cover structure of the forming board below the forming wire can be closed, perforated or strip covered.
  • the surface of the forming board is most suitably planar. Dewatering with an open-surfaced forming board takes place most suitably freely, but also a suction effect can be combined with this.
  • Fig. 1 of WO specification 2005/078187 shows a hybrid former in which two separate single-layer headboxes are used for forming a twin-layer web.
  • the first single-layer headbox feeds a pulp suspension jet at the beginning of a fourdrinier- wire section, onto a first, stationary forming shoe located immediately after a breast roll.
  • the pulp suspension jet fed by the first single-layer headbox falls on a section immediately after a leading edge of the first forming shoe.
  • a second single-layer headbox feeds a new pulp suspension layer onto a second, stationary forming shoe which is located below the fourdrinier wire at the beginning of the gap of the twin-wire section.
  • the lower surface of the first compartment of the suction box following the gap of the twin-wire section is constituted of a third, stationary forming shoe provided with thorough holes.
  • a curvilinear cover setting against the forming wire in which there are a leading edge and a trailing edge.
  • the cover in the cover, there is an open surface which consists of holes extending through the cover. The holes can consist of openings, grooves, slots or equivalents.
  • Under the cover is arranged underpressure with which water is removed from the web. With such a forming shoe, non-pulsating dewatering is applied to the web.
  • a problem related to arrangements according to prior art is that formation and tensile strength ratio of the web are strongly dependent on a jet-wire ratio. Then, an optimum has to be searched for the characteristics of the web in relation to both the formation and the tensile strength ratio and usually the situation is such that the optima of both factors are not realised with a certain jet-wire ratio. Then, one ends up with a compromise in which with higher tensile strength ratios one has to be satisfied with weaker formation.
  • the arrangement according to the invention provides a surprising effect as the result of which the layer purity of the multi-layer web is improved and the production speed of the machine can be increased.
  • the impact of the slice jet on the forming wire of the forming section is controlled better.
  • the forming section according to the invention utilises a multi-layer headbox and a forming board formed of a stationary, straight-covered forming shoe provided with suction and a strip cover provided with suction following it.
  • the take-off and beading (stock jump) of the pulp jet can be sub- stantially decreased, because the pulp jet lands on the non-pulsating surface having a large open surface.
  • the immediate start of dewatering directly at the impact point damps impact energy.
  • the head of the forming board does not doctor water and does not, for its part, induce the "stock jump". Also the direction of the jet is flexible.
  • the open surface of the cover of the forming shoe receiving the slice jet of the headbox is 30-90%, advantageously 40-70% of the section between the leading edge and the trailing edge of the cover. Then, sufficient dewatering is provided on the section of the forming shoe and the support surface of the wire remains large enough for avoiding the deflection of the wire.
  • the arrangement according to the invention enables an extremely good formation of the web in a wide jet-wire ratio range.
  • the straight-covered forming shoe "freezes" the slice jet of the headbox and differences in the speeds of the slice jet/wires of the headbox will not affect formation so strongly. Then, the formation does not weaken with jet-wire ratios which differ a lot from a so-called equal headbox situation in which the speed of the slice jet of the headbox and the run speed of the wires are equal. This means that it is possible to run on the forming section with a jet-wire ratio diverging in one or the other direction from the equal headbox situation without weakening the formation. Again, the use of a jet-wire ratio diverging from the equal headbox ratio has been discovered to improve layer purity.
  • the web surface setting against the wire travelling on the form- ing board becomes very clean i.e. the upper pulp layers will not be mixed with the lowest pulp layer in considerable amount.
  • the invention can advantageously utilise a jet-wire ratio diverging for ⁇ 5% or even ⁇ 10% from the equal headbox ratio.
  • the forming board provided with the non-pulsating, underpressurised forming shoe enables, compared to a traditional forming board provided with a sole pulsating strip cover, a greater speed difference between the pulp suspension jet fed by the headbox and the forming wire.
  • This property in itself facilitates and/or improves the forming of layer structure in the web being manufactured.
  • Dewatering intensified by means of underpressure keeps single fibres fixed by layering particularly well fast in a layer drained earlier. When the drained layer increases or it is increased on the section of a suitable cutting field occurring in the machine direction and simultaneously all pulsation occurring in dewatering is minimised, particularly good conditions are provided, inter alia, for layering different fibre materials.
  • the poor quality of layering is visually seen as unevenness i.e. mottling when the colour differences of layered pulps are great.
  • twin-layer headbox on the fourdrinier-wire section it is not possible to provide simultaneously good formation and keep layers separate with the conventional pulsating forming board with a strip cover.
  • the forming board provided with a non-pulsating, underpres- surised forming shoe utilised here enables the use of cutting forces considerably greater than normal without breaking the web. From this follow both good formation and good layer purity. Layer purity is maintained because there is no need to perform formation with two-directional turbulence like a conventional forming board with a strip cover requires.
  • the arrangement according to the invention has been discovered to have an edge wave reducing effect with large slice openings.
  • the straight- covered, underpressurised forming shoe "freezes" the slice jet of the headbox, whereby the slice jet will not impact edge rulers on the edges of the wire part.
  • the forming of an edge wave can thus be minimised or totally eliminated.
  • the impact point of the slice jet of the headbox can vary in the machine direction in the range of 50-200 mm, whereby the upper slice moving in the machine direction in the headbox is not necessarily required for adjusting the impact point of the slice jet.
  • a headbox provided with an upper slice stationary in the machine direction is cheaper to manufacture than a headbox provided with an upper slice moving in the machine direction.
  • the operator is not required to go to adjust the impact point of the slice jet on the wire.
  • the changes of the slice opening can be done from the control room like with a gap former.
  • the slice jet impacts the wire in the arrangement according to the invention on the section of a perforated cover having a certain length located below the wire.
  • the slice jet would impact a similar landing surface even though it came down 50-200 mm later.
  • the later impact of the slice jet on the wire natu- rally affects a little the dewatering capacity of the perforated cover, but it can be compensated with a suitable length dimensioning of the cover.
  • the arrangement according to the invention can be employed on all such forming sections in which the beginning of the forming section consists of a single-wire former or a hybrid former.
  • the use of the arrangement according to the invention in a hybrid former enables an extremely short single-wire section, because dewatering is not tried to be maximised on the single-wire section.
  • the web can be guided relatively wet onto the twin-wire section. Smaller dewatering on the single-wire section also affects the fact that the residual variation of the web decreases.
  • the dewatering of the twin-wire section of the hybrid former is both structurally and process-technically a combination of two dewatering elements.
  • the arrangement according to the invention enables a forming section of a multi-layer web more cost-effective of its investment costs than prior art, by means of which forming section, it is possible to manufacture a multi-layer web in the high speed of 1,400-1 ,800 m/min. Furthermore, the arrangement according to the invention enables the shortening of fourdrinier wire sections due to great dewatering capacity.
  • the first dewatering element of the twin-wire section of the hybrid former is a stationary forming shoe provided with a curvilinear cover and holes extending through the cover in which underpressure can be used for adjusting and intensifying dewatering.
  • the aim is that the forming shoe will not induce pulsating dewa- tering even when dewatering is intensified with underpressure.
  • the forming shoe is a curve of a "stationary roll" provided with an open surface.
  • the cover has a large open surface and it is connected by means of holes to an underpressure chamber within the forming shoe.
  • the holes in the cover of the forming shoe are formed so that pulsating dewatering is avoided, which would have been induced if the holes were constituted of cross-machine directional elongated slots.
  • these holes are either openings, slots arranged substantially in the machine direction, waved slots, embossed machine-directional contact surfaces for supporting the fabric above the cover of the shoe etc.
  • the cross-section of the holes can be circular, quadratic, elliptical or polygonal.
  • the second dewatering element of the twin-wire section of the hybrid former is a pulsating dewatering fitting which comprises stationary cross-machine directional dewatering strips provided with slots, installed on one side of the forming wires.
  • stationary cross-machine directional dewatering strips provided with slots, installed on one side of the forming wires.
  • underpressure which affects the pulp between the forming wires via slots between the strips.
  • adjustably loaded dewatering strips on the opposite side of the forming wires in relation to the dewatering strips.
  • the non-pulsating forming shoe With the non-pulsating forming shoe, it is possible to remove water from a very wet web without breaking the structure of the web, because no peak of underpressure occurs on the delivery side of the stationary forming shoe.
  • very effective dewatering With the under- pressure connected to the forming shoe, very effective dewatering is provided and, with adjusting the underpressure level, it is possible to affect the dewatering distribution between the upper and lower surface of the web, whereby it is possible to control, inter alia, the fines distribution between the upper and lower surface of the web and the Z-directional symmetry of the web.
  • the great dewatering capacity of the non-pulsating forming shoe enables the fact that the consistency of the web going onto the twin-wire section can be optimised according to the end-product being manufactured, hi the headbox, it is possible to use consistency lower than normal and a slice hole larger than normal. Lower feeding consistency improves the formation of the web being formed.
  • the radius of the non-pulsating forming shoe and the machine directional length of the shoe can be varied according to each intended use within a very large range.
  • the stationary forming shoe can also be constituted of several curves e.g. so that the radius of the forming shoe is larger at the inlet end, but shortens progressively as a spiral curve towards the outlet end. In such a case, the dewatering pressure is no longer constant over the forming shoe, but it still remains non-pulsating.
  • the possibility to vary the radius in both above ways and the length of the shoe means that non-pulsating dewatering is quite easily designed suitable for each application.
  • the web After the non-pulsating dewatering zone, the web is guided to the pulsating dewatering zone in dry content in which the formation of the web can be improved with pulsating dewatering.
  • the balance between formation and retention can be adjusted better and the strength characteristics of the web can be optimised.
  • the one-sidedness of the web can be well controlled.
  • the volume of water being removed through the forming shoes can be adjusted by adjusting the underpressure prevailing in the forming shoes.
  • the control of one-sidedness (particularly the lower surface) is important for specific paper grades.
  • the adjustability of dewater- ing gives a good opportunity to optimise the symmetry of the end-product.
  • the controlled compression of the web is provided with underpressure affecting the surface of the web.
  • a dilution-adjusted headbox is used by means of which it is possible to further decrease the residual variation occurring on the single-wire section.
  • the breast roll of the single-wire section has been additionally transferred away from the customary position below the slice channel of the headbox to the delivery side of the headbox and it has been lifted so that the height difference of the upper surface of the lower wire travelling on top of the breast roll and the lower surface of the slice opening of the headbox is in the range of 0-10 mm measured at the topmost point of the breast roll.
  • the horizontal distance between the vertical plane drawn through the midpoint of the breast roll and the slice opening of the headbox is in the range of 10-250 mm.
  • the free flight in the air of the pulp suspension jet discharging from the slice channel of the headbox is in the range of 100-500 mm.
  • the impact angle of the pulp suspension jet on the lower wire is in the range of 0-4 degrees.
  • the pulp suspension jet impacts the lower wire at the point of the stationary forming shoe at the beginning of the forming board.
  • Applying the arrangement according to the invention in a hybrid former enables the increase of speed to the range of 1,500-1,800 m/min without the residual variation of the web increasing too much or the formation weakening too much.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is also well suitable in a situation in which webs of a large range of basis weights are manufactured on the forming section.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a hybrid former.
  • Fig. 2 shows an enlargement of the beginning of a forming section on which the impact of a pulp suspension jet fed by a headbox on a forming board is visible.
  • Fig. 3 shows an enlargement of the beginning of a forming section on which the mutual positioning of a headbox, a breast roll and a forming board is visible.
  • Fig. 4 shows an enlargement of the beginning of a twin-wire section of the hybrid former of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows a side view of a former in which there are two separate partial web forming units.
  • Fig. 6 schematically shows another former in which there are two separate partial web forming units.
  • Fig. 1 shows a hybrid former in which there is a first single-wire section Tl and a first twin-wire section Kl following it.
  • the first single-wire section Tl consists of a lower wire loop 11 and dewatering fittings 40, 50, 60 arranged below the lower wire 1 1.
  • a first headbox 30, which is a twin-layer headbox, feeds from its slice channels 32a, 32b a pulp suspension jet on top of the lower wire 11 onto a first forming shoe 40 located at the beginning of the first single-wire section, immediately after a breast roll 12.
  • the travel direction of the lower wire 1 1 is designated with arrow Sl which is also the machine direction.
  • the first single-wire section Tl is followed by a first upper wire unit in which there is a first upper wire 21 which forms the first twin-wire section Kl with the lower wire 1 1.
  • the first upper wire 21 has been formed an endless wire loop by means of hitch and guide rolls 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d.
  • the first guide roll 22a of the first upper wire loop 21 is arranged above the lower wire 1 1 so that the first upper wire 21 and the lower wire 1 1 constitute a wedge-shaped gap G at the beginning of the first twin-wire section Kl .
  • the web which has received its initial forming on the first single-wire section Tl, is guided after this between the lower wire 1 1 and the first upper wire 21 of the first twin-wire section Kl .
  • the lower wire 1 1 and the first upper wire 21 are separated from each other.
  • the travel direction of the first upper wire 21 is designated with arrow S2.
  • the first dewatering zone Zl of the first single-wire section Tl is located immediately after the breast roll 12 and it is constituted of the non-pulsating first forming shoe 40 and a pulsating strip cover 50 following it which together constitute a forming board.
  • the non-pulsating first forming shoe 40 there is a cover provided with holes which sets against the inner surface of the lower wire 1 1.
  • the first forming shoe 40 is connected to a source of underpressure (not shown in the figure), whereby an underpressure effect P is applied to the web via the holes in the cover of the first forming shoe 40.
  • the cover of the first forming shoe 40 is straight at least on the section between the impact point of the pulp suspension jet fed by the headbox and the trailing edge of the cover.
  • the first forming shoe 40 induces non-pulsating dewatering in the stock passing on top of the lower wire 1 1. With the first forming shoe 40, a lot of water can be removed from the stock.
  • the second dewatering zone Z2 of the first single-wire section Tl is located at the point of the gap G of the first twin-wire section and it consists of a pulsating strip cover 60.
  • the strip cover 60 is connected to a source of underpressure (not shown in the figure), whereby an underpressure effect P is applied to the web passing on top of the lower wire 1 1 via slots between the cross-machine directional strips of the strip cover 60.
  • the first dewatering zone Z3 of the first twin-wire section Kl consists of a second forming shoe 70 in which there is a cover provided with holes which sets against the inner surface of the upper wire 21.
  • the second forming shoe 70 is connected to a source of underpressure (not shown in the figure), whereby an underpressure effect P is applied to the web via the holes in the cover of the second forming shoe 70.
  • the second forming shoe 70 is further arranged so that the stock setting to the gap G of the twin-wire section K on the lower wire 1 1 will not impact the leading edge of the second forming shoe 70 but will be guided to the section of the cover of the second forming shoe 70 after the leading edge. Thus, the leading edge of the second forming shoe 70 will not remove water from the stock.
  • the second forming shoe 70 induces non-pulsating dewatering in the stock passing between the wires 1 1 , 21. With the second forming shoe 70, a lot of water can be removed from the stock.
  • the second dewatering zone Z4 of the first twin-wire section Kl consists of stationary and adjustably loadable cross-machine directional dewatering strips 81, 83.
  • the stationary dewatering strips 81 are arranged within the upper wire 21 and between them there are slots 82 via which underpressure P can be applied to the partially formed web between the upper wire 21 and the lower wire 1 1 for removing water from it.
  • the adjustable dewatering strips 83 loaded against the inner surface of the lower wire 1 1 which strips are located at the points of the slots 82 between the stationary dewatering strips 81.
  • the dewatering strips 81 , 83 induce pulsating dewatering to the pulp passing be- tween the wires 1 1, 21.
  • this second strongly pulsating dewatering zone Z4 of the first twin-wire section Kl the formation of the web being formed can be improved.
  • the second dewatering zone Z4 of the first twin-wire section Kl is followed by a strip cover 14 causing pulsating dewatering arranged below the lower wire 1 1 and a transfer suction box 13 following it by means of which it is ensured that the formed web W follows the lower wire 1 1 after the twin-wire section K from which it is picked up at a pick-up point (not shown in the figure) to further processing.
  • Fig. 1 The arrangement according to Fig. 1 is particularly well suitable for manufacturing twin-layer liner board in which better stock is brought onto the lower layer of the multi-layer headbox than onto the upper layer. Then, this lower surface forms the outer surface of exterior package board in the end-product.
  • Fig. 2 shows an enlargement of the beginning of the first single-wire section Tl in which the first headbox 30, the breast roll 12, the first forming shoe 40, and the strip cover 50 are visible.
  • the pulp suspension jet of the first headbox 30 impacts the upper surface of the lower wire 1 1 at the point of the beginning of the first forming shoe 40.
  • On the cover 41 of the first forming shoe 40 there are a leading edge 43 and a trailing edge 44.
  • On the leading edge 43 of the cover 41 there is a first section without holes 41 A and, on the trailing edge 44 of the cover 41, there is a second section without holes 4 IB.
  • Between the sections without holes 4 IA, 41B of the cover 41 there is an open surface which consists of holes 42 extending through the cover 41.
  • the holes 42 can consist of openings, grooves, slots or equivalents.
  • the open surface defined by holes 42 of the cover 41 of the forming shoe 40 is 30-90%, advantageously 40-70% of the section with holes 42 between the section without holes 41 A of the leading edge 43 of the cover 41 and the section without holes 41B of the trailing edge 44 of the cover 41.
  • Underpressure P is arranged below the cover 41 by means of which the dewatering of the pulp is in- tensified.
  • the impact point of the pulp suspension fed by the first headbox 30 is located at the beginning of the section with holes 42 after the section without holes 41 A of the leading edge 43 of the cover of the first forming shoe 40.
  • the forming shoe 40 can also have been divided into two or more blocks, whereby different underpressures can be used in the blocks and/or the open surface of the cover 41 of the forming shoe 40 can be different in the blocks. Then, the underpressure level can e.g. increase in the machine direction and equivalently also the open surface increase in the machine direction. In some embodiments, this also ensures the lubrication of the cover surface when water being removed from the web lubricates the cover surface.
  • the trailing edge 44 of the first forming shoe 40 is followed by the pulsating strip cover 50 in which there are cross-machine directional strips 51 between which there are holes 52.
  • Below the strip cover 50 is also arranged underpressure P which affects through the holes 52 of the strip cover and intensifies the dewater- ing of the pulp.
  • Air A passing along the lower wire 1 1 is guided from the holes 42 at the beginning of the section with holes of the first forming shoe 40 within the first forming shoe 40 and from the other holes 42 is guided water WT within the first forming shoe 40.
  • the surface of the cover 41 of the first forming shoe 40 is however straight.
  • the first forming shoe 40 and the strip cover 50 following it together constitute the forming board.
  • the first forming shoe 40 receives the pulp suspension jet of the first headbox 30 and quickly slows it down onto the surface of the lower wire 1 1. Simultaneously, the first forming shoe 40 effectively removes water from the web and after this the web can be exposed to the pulsating dewatering of the strip cover 50.
  • Fig. 2 also illustrates with curve PP the non-pulsating dewatering induced by the forming shoe 40 and the pulsating dewatering induced by the strip cover 50.
  • Fig. 3 shows another enlargement of the beginning of the first single-wire section Tl in which the mutual positioning of the first headbox 30, the breast roll 12, the first forming shoe 40, and the strip cover 50 following it is visible.
  • the first headbox 30 there are two separate slice channels 32a, 32b which join in a com- mon slice opening 33.
  • the breast roll 12 has been transferred away from the customary position below the lower slice channel 32a of the first headbox 30 to the delivery side of the headbox 30 and it has been lifted so that the height difference H between the upper surface of the lower wire 1 1 travelling on top of the breast roll 12 and the lower surface 31 of the slice opening 33 of the first headbox 30 is in the range of 0-10 mm measured at the topmost point A of the breast roll 12.
  • the horizontal distance Sl between the vertical plane Y-Y drawn through the midpoint of the breast roll 12 and the slice opening 33 of the first headbox 30 is in the range of 0-250 mm.
  • the free flight in the air S2 of the pulp suspension jet discharging from the slice opening 33 of the first headbox 30 is in the range of 100-500 mm.
  • the impact angle of the pulp suspension jet on the lower wire 1 1 is in the range of 0-4 degrees.
  • the pulp suspension jet impacts the lower wire 1 1 at the beginning of the section with holes of the first forming shoe 40.
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlargement of the beginning of the first twin-wire section Kl of the hybrid former shown in Fig. 1 in which the gap G of the first twin-wire section Kl and the stationary second forming shoe 70 are visible.
  • the second forming shoe 70 there is a curvilinear cover 71 setting against the inner surface of the upper forming wire 21 in which cover there are a leading edge 73 and a trailing edge 74.
  • first section without holes 71 A On the leading edge 73 of the cover 71, there is a first section without holes 71 A and, on the trailing edge 74 of the cover 71, there is a second section without holes 7 IB. Between the sections without holes 7 IA, 71B of the cover 71, there is an open surface which consists of holes 72 extending through the cover 71.
  • the holes 72 can consist of openings, grooves, slots or equivalents.
  • underpressure which is illustrated with an arrow with designation P, is arranged by means of which water is removed from the pulp between the wires 11 , 21.
  • the holes 72 are arranged on the cover 71 of the second forming shoe 70 so that the open surface of said cover 71 is large, most advantageously 40-90%, and so that they do not induce pressure pulses on the web because of their design and/or arrangement. Pressure pulses can be induced on the web if the forming wire 1 1 , 21 passing on top of the cover 71 is not uniformly supported for the whole surface of the cover 71. Pressure pulses are not induced if the holes are constituted of openings or slots substantially in the longitudinal direction of the machine. When the holes 72 are constituted of openings, they are most advantageously arranged against the travel direction S of the wire 1 1, 21 passing over the cover 71 obliquely in relation to the cover 71 so that water is guided to them better.
  • the angle ⁇ between the central axis of the holes 72 and the tangent of the outer surface of the cover 71 is in the range of 30-60 degrees.
  • the cover 71 of the second forming shoe 70 is formed curvilinear so that the radius of curvature R of the cover 71 is in the range of 1-50 m.
  • the overlap angle of the wire 21 on the section of the cover 71 is in the range of 3-45 degrees, advan- tageously 5-30 degrees.
  • the machine directional length S3 of the cover 71 is in the range of 200-1,000 mm.
  • the underpressure level used in the second forming shoe 70 is in the range of 2-15 kPa, advantageously in the range of 2-5 kPa.
  • the cover 71 can also consist of several parts having a different radius of curvature R.
  • the radius of curvature R of the cover 71 of the second forming shoe 70 and/or by varying the underpressure P prevailing in the second forming shoe 70 and/or the length S3 of the second forming shoe the volume and distribution of water removed from the web by the second forming shoe 70 can be adjusted.
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows a side view of a former in which there are two separate partial web forming units.
  • the beginning of the forming section is for its substan- tial parts equivalent to the hybrid former shown in Fig. 1.
  • the first twin-wire section Kl of the hybrid former is followed by a second upper wire unit in which a second upper wire 1 1 1 forms a second fourdrinier-wire section T2.
  • a second headbox 130 which is a single-layer headbox, feeds a pulp suspension jet on the second upper wire 1 1 1 onto a breast roll 1 12 or immediate after the breast roll 1 12.
  • a second partial web W2 formed in the second upper wire unit is guided after this to a joining point Y formed by an inner roll 1 13 of the second upper wire loop 1 1 1 of the second upper wire unit and the lower wire loop 1 1 of the hybrid former in which point the second partial web Wl is joined in the first partial web Wl formed in the hybrid former.
  • the joining point Y is followed by a short, second twin-wire section K2 on which the joining of the partial webs Wl , W2 is ensured.
  • Fig. 6 schematically shows another former in which there are two separate partial web forming units.
  • a first wire unit consists of a lower wire 1 1 on which is formed a first fourdrinier wire unit Tl .
  • a first headbox 30, which is a twin-layer headbox, feeds a pulp suspension jet onto a first forming board 40, 50 which is totally equivalent to the forming board shown in Fig. 1. Water is removed from the web travelling on top of the lower wire 11 on the fourdrinier-wire section following the first forming board 40, 50 with dewatering fittings 55 arranged below the lower wire 1 1 which can be suction boxes provided with a strip cover.
  • the first fourdrinier wire unit Tl is followed by a first upper wire unit in which there is a first upper wire 21 1.
  • a second headbox 230 which is a single-layer headbox, feeds a pulp suspension jet on the first upper wire 21 1 onto a second forming board 240, 250 after a breast roll 212. Also this second forming board 240, 250 is totally equivalent with the forming board 40, 50 shown in the embodiment of Fig. 1.
  • water is removed from the pulp suspension with dewatering fittings 260 located below the first upper wire 21 1 which can be suction boxes provided with a strip cover.
  • a second partial web W2 formed in the upper wire unit is guided after this to a joining point Y formed by an inner roll 213 of the first upper wire loop 21 1 and the lower wire loop 1 1 in which point the second partial web Wl is joined in the first partial web Wl formed in the lower wire unit.
  • the joining point Y is followed by a short twin-wire section Kl in which the joining of the partial webs Wl , W2 is ensured. Water is removed from the joined web W on this twin- wire section Kl downwards with dewatering fittings 15 arranged below the lower wire 1 1 of the lower wire unit.
  • the twin-wire section Kl is followed again by a single-wire section on which water is further removed from the joined web W with dewatering fittings 16 arranged below the lower wire 1 1 of the lower wire unit.
  • the single-wire section is followed by a pick-up point P in which the joined web W is picked up from the lower wire 11 of the lower wire unit by a pick-up suction roll 90 and brought on a pick-up felt 91 to the presser section.
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 can also employ a twin-layer headbox as the second headbox 230.
  • a straight-covered forming shoe 240 provided with holes and suction at the beginning of the upper wire unit induces non-pulsating dewater- ing in the pulp suspension travelling on top of the first upper wire 21 1 so that layer purity remains good particularly on the lower surface of the web.
  • both twin-layer headboxes 30, 230 it is thus possible to feed pulp in which a first layer setting against the forming wire 11, 211 consists of pulp of better quality and a second layer, setting on top of the first layer consists of pulp of lesser quality.
  • the pulp of better quality i.e. having higher strength and better surface properties and to the middle comes the pulp of lesser quality.
  • the surface layers of the joined web remain pure i.e. the lesser- quality pulp of the middle layer is not able to mix in them at least in considerable amount.
  • the structure of the first forming shoe 40 on the first single-wire section Tl is equivalent to the second forming shoe 70 on the first twin-wire section Kl with the difference that the cover of the first forming shoe 40 is straight.
  • the layer purity is formed particularly good on the surface of the web setting against the lower wire 1 1.
  • the pulp suspension layer fed by the upper slice channel 32b of the first headbox 30 will not thus mix very much with the pulp suspension layer fed by the lower slice channel 32a of the first headbox 30.
  • the lower surface of the web setting against the lower wire 1 1 is then formed of better quality than the opposite upper surface of the web.
  • the lower surface of the web can then be used as the outer surface of board in which product information is possibly printed and the inner surface of the web as the inner surface of board.
  • the machine-directional length of the first single-wire section Tl is in the range of 0.5-10.0 m and the consistency of the pulp suspension fed by the twin-layer headbox 30 is in the range of 0.1-3.0%.
  • the first single-wire section Tl has to be short i.e. in the range of 0.5-3.0 m.
  • the first single-wire section Tl is usually long due to the existing structure i.e. in the range of 8-10 m and then it is rarely shortened.
  • a long first single-wire section Tl weakens the residual variation of the web. With the arrangement according to the invention, it has been possible to run at the speed of more than 1 ,600 m/min without the residual variation considerably increasing on a hybrid former with a single-wire section of 8-10 m.
  • the embodiments of the figures show only one forming shoe in connection with the forming board of the first single-wire section and at the beginning of the first twin-wire section of the hybrid former, but there can also be several forming shoes, whereby it is possible to e.g. use different underpressure levels in different forming shoes.
  • the second dewatering zone Z4 of the first twin-wire section Kl consists of the stationary 81 and the adjustably loadable 83 dewatering strips.
  • the second dewatering zone Z4 of the first twin-wire section Kl can also consist solely of the stationary dewatering strips 81.
  • the stationary dewatering strips 81 can form a straight path to the wires travelling on top of them.
  • the path of the wires is slightly deflected in said slots 82, whereby pulsating dewatering is provided in the web between the forming wires.
  • the station- ary dewatering strips 81 can also be positioned so that they form a curvilinear path to the wires travelling on top of them.
  • the dewatering strips 81 are then at a small angle of about 0.5-2 degrees in relation to each other. With such an arrangement, intensified pulsating dewatering is provided in the web between the forming wires passing over the dewatering strips. In both cases, the pulsating effect is further intensified if both the stationary 81 and adjustably loadable 83 dewatering strips are used.
  • the first headbox 30 shown at the beginning of the first single-wire section Tl in Figs. 1 , 5 and 6 is advantageously a twin-layer headbox, but it can also be a multi- layer headbox.
  • the second headbox 230 shown at the beginning of the second single-wire section T2 in Fig. 6 is advantageously a single-layer headbox, but it can also be a twin-layer headbox or a multi-layer headbox.
  • the forming shoe 40 shown in Fig. 2 and the strip cover 50 following it can utilise the same underpressure.
  • very low underpressure can be used in the strip cover 50 in order to not remove too much water from the web.
  • the web With webs having high basis weight or pulps being poorly drained, the web can be clogged too much on the section of the forming shoe 40. Then, pulsation is intensified and dewatering increased on the section of the strip cover 50 by increasing the underpressure of the strip cover 50, whereby the clogged lower surface of the web will be unclogged.

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  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

La section de formation selon l'invention comporte une boucle inférieure en fil métallique (11) qui constitue une première partie de tamis unique (T1) suivant un rouleau de tête (12). L'extrémité de la première partie de tamis unique comprend une première zone d'égouttage (Z1) qui consiste en au moins un premier sabot de formation fixe (40) et en un revêtement de pulsation (50) qui le prolonge. Dans le premier sabot de formation, on trouve un bord d'attaque et un bord de fuite ainsi qu'un revêtement pourvu de trous débouchants et présentant une sous-pression à travers les trous du revêtement. Les trous sont constitués d'ouvertures ou de fentes situées essentiellement dans la partie longitudinale de la machine, un égouttage non pulsant concernant les éléments circulant dans la partie supérieure du fil inférieur. La section de formation comprend en outre une caisse de tête à couches multiples (30) qui permet d'amener un jet de suspension de pâte à un point d'impact situé au-delà du bord d'attaque du premier sabot de formation. Le revêtement du premier sabot de formation est droit au moins dans la zone située entre le point d'impact du jet de suspension de pâte et le bord de fuite du premier sabot de formation.
EP08854819.3A 2007-11-28 2008-11-04 Section de formation Active EP2212471B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20075851A FI20075851L (fi) 2007-11-28 2007-11-28 Muodostusosa
PCT/FI2008/050627 WO2009068728A1 (fr) 2007-11-28 2008-11-04 Section de formation

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EP2212471A1 true EP2212471A1 (fr) 2010-08-04
EP2212471A4 EP2212471A4 (fr) 2014-08-06
EP2212471B1 EP2212471B1 (fr) 2018-05-23

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CN (1) CN101878338B (fr)
FI (1) FI20075851L (fr)
WO (1) WO2009068728A1 (fr)

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CN103669082A (zh) * 2012-09-10 2014-03-26 国能纸业有限公司 用于长网多缸造纸机上的网部重力脱水系统

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FI20085782L (fi) * 2008-08-22 2010-02-23 Metso Paper Inc Kartonkikone
DE102011082914A1 (de) * 2011-09-19 2013-03-21 Voith Patent Gmbh Siebpartie für eine Maschine zur Herstellung einer Faserstoffbahn
US8871059B2 (en) * 2012-02-16 2014-10-28 International Paper Company Methods and apparatus for forming fluff pulp sheets
CN104508201B (zh) * 2012-04-27 2017-03-15 维美德技术有限公司 成形部
EP2841644B1 (fr) * 2012-04-27 2016-11-23 Valmet Technologies, Inc. Section de formation
CN105887549B (zh) * 2014-08-28 2018-06-29 李朝旺 全无氯功能型宣纸的制作方法
CN105887550B (zh) * 2014-08-28 2018-09-14 李朝旺 全无氯功能型宣纸喷浆仪
FI127630B (en) * 2014-12-17 2018-10-31 Valmet Technologies Inc Fiber forming machine forming unit and secondary forming unit for fiber forming machine multi-layer forming unit
EP3333315B1 (fr) * 2016-12-08 2019-05-01 Valmet Technologies Oy Section de formation
CN116536950A (zh) * 2018-01-05 2023-08-04 国际纸业公司 具有增加的弯曲刚度和横向强度的纸产品及其制造方法
DE102018121155A1 (de) * 2018-08-30 2020-03-05 Voith Patent Gmbh Verfahren und maschine zur herstellung einer mehrlagigen faserstoffbahn
FI20195568A1 (en) * 2019-06-27 2020-12-28 Valmet Technologies Oy Method for forming a multilayer board web and forming portion for forming a multilayer board web

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WO2005078187A1 (fr) * 2004-02-13 2005-08-25 Metso Paper, Inc. Section de formation d'une bande multicouche

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GB8906275D0 (en) * 1989-03-18 1989-05-04 Beloit Corp Web former
DE4402273C2 (de) * 1994-01-27 1995-11-23 Voith Gmbh J M Papiermaschine zur Herstellung mehrlagiger Papierbahnen
CN1135551A (zh) * 1995-05-10 1996-11-13 维美德纸张机械公司 造纸机中具有mb单元的混合成型器
FI120979B (fi) * 2006-02-20 2010-05-31 Metso Paper Inc Paperi- tai kartonkikoneen rainanmuodostusosa

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US3234079A (en) * 1962-02-07 1966-02-08 Poeschl Rudolf Papermaking machine having a polyethylene suction box top
US4154645A (en) * 1977-04-28 1979-05-15 Valmet Oy Method and machine for manufacturing multilayer paper board
WO2005078187A1 (fr) * 2004-02-13 2005-08-25 Metso Paper, Inc. Section de formation d'une bande multicouche

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CN103669082A (zh) * 2012-09-10 2014-03-26 国能纸业有限公司 用于长网多缸造纸机上的网部重力脱水系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101878338A (zh) 2010-11-03
EP2212471A4 (fr) 2014-08-06
CN101878338B (zh) 2013-01-02
FI20075851L (fi) 2009-05-29
WO2009068728A1 (fr) 2009-06-04
EP2212471B1 (fr) 2018-05-23
FI20075851A0 (fi) 2007-11-28

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