EP2205706A1 - Composition de fluides fonctionnels destinée à améliorer la lubricité d'un système de freinage - Google Patents

Composition de fluides fonctionnels destinée à améliorer la lubricité d'un système de freinage

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Publication number
EP2205706A1
EP2205706A1 EP08839304A EP08839304A EP2205706A1 EP 2205706 A1 EP2205706 A1 EP 2205706A1 EP 08839304 A EP08839304 A EP 08839304A EP 08839304 A EP08839304 A EP 08839304A EP 2205706 A1 EP2205706 A1 EP 2205706A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
parts
glycol
functional fluid
fluid composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08839304A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jin Zhao
Kenn L. Bouchard
Tina M. Killebrew
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dow Global Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Dow Global Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dow Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Dow Global Technologies LLC
Publication of EP2205706A1 publication Critical patent/EP2205706A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/16—Ethers
    • C10M129/18—Epoxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M133/40—Six-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M139/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M127/00 - C10M137/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M139/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M127/00 - C10M137/00
    • C10M139/04—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M127/00 - C10M137/00 having a silicon-to-carbon bond, e.g. silanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
    • C10M2207/046—Hydroxy ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/127—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids polycarboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C10M2209/1045—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
    • C10M2227/061—Esters derived from boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids

Definitions

  • This invention relates to functional fluids that are useful in a variety of applications.
  • the functional fluids of the present invention are particularly useful as hydraulic fluids such as brake fluids for anti-lock brake systems, stability control systems or regenerative braking systems for automotive vehicles that benefit from lower viscosity fluids for sudden movement (e.g., sudden braking), satisfactory operation, or both at low temperatures.
  • the invention is directed at a functional fluid composition for imparting lubricity in a fluid power system having metal/rubber contact comprising: about 50 parts by weight to about 99 parts by weight of a glycol component; and about 0.3 parts by weight to about 10 parts by weight of one or more additives including a phosphate content; wherein the functional fluid composition exhibits an average scar width as measured according to ASTM D 2670 (100 Ib break-in for 1 min, 200 Ib load for 30 minutes) less than about .35 mm, an average tooth count according to ASTM D 2670 (100 Ib break-in for 1 min, 200 Ib load for 30 minutes) of less than about 15, or both, and wherein the functional fluid is optionally free of silicone; wherein the one or more additives includes either or both of a first additive including an ester of phosphoric acid and/or a second additive including an ethoxylated phosphate ester.
  • the first additive consists essentially of a tricresyl phosphate
  • the second additive includes an ethoxylated phosphate ester selected from the group consisting of a polyoxyethylene octadadecenyl ether phosphate, a polyoxyethylene lauryl ether phosphate, a linear alcohol ethoxy phosphate, a polyethylene phenyl ether phosphate, a diaikylphenol phosphate ester or any combination thereof
  • the second additive includes a polyethylene glycol phenyl ether phosphate
  • the second additive consists essentially of a polyethylene glycol phenyl ether phosphate
  • the first additive exhibits a melting point that ranges from about -45 0 C to about -25 0 C, a boiling point (at 4 mm Hg) that ranges from about 230 0 C to about 265 °C, a flash point that is
  • R 1 is H or an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, the glycol component including at least one glycol wherein at least one of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms;
  • the glycol component includes at least one glycol wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each H;
  • the glycol component includes at least one glycol having at least one first repeat unit wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each H and at least one second repeat unit wherein at least one (e.g., one, two, three, or all four) of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms;
  • Another aspect of the invention is directed at an additives package for imparting lubricity in a fluid power system comprising: about 5 parts by weight to about 75 parts by weight of at least one of (i) a first additive including an ester of phosphoric acid and (ii) a second additive including an ethoxylated phosphate ester; about 30 parts by weight to about 99 parts by weight of two or more corrosion inhibitors that includes at least one of (a) propanediamine and xylene, (b) hydroxyethylpiperazine, (c) dodecenyl succinic anhydride, (d) Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid, (e) poly(diethoxysiloxane), (e) oleic acid, and (f) propylene glycol and borax 5 mol component, wherein the first additive exhibits a melting point that ranges from about -45 0 C to about -25 0 C, a boiling point (at 4 mm Hg
  • the first additive consists essentially of a tricresyl phosphate
  • the second additive consists essentially of a polyethylene glycol phenyl ether phosphate.
  • a further aspect of the invention is dericted at a functional fluid composition for imparting lubricity in a fluid power system having metal/rubber contact comprising: about 50 parts by weight to about 99 parts by weight of a glycol component; and about 0.3 parts by weight to about 10 parts by weight of one or more additives; wherein the functional fluid is further characterized either or both of the glycol component includes a polyethylene-propylene glycol monomethyl ether having an average molecular weight of about 500 at a concentration from about 10 wt.% to about 30 wt.% based on the total weight of the functional fluid; or the one or more additives includes oleic acid at a concentration from about 0.02 wt.% to about 0.5 wt.% based on the total weight of the functional fluid; wherein the one or more additives optionally contains a polyethylene phenyl ether phosphate, the functional fluid is optionally is free of silicone, the glycol component includes methoxytriglycol present a concentration greater than about 25
  • a process aspect of the invention is direct at method for imparting lubricity comprising the steps of: contacting one or more rubber components of a fluid power system with a functional fluid composition free of silicone and including about 0.3 parts by weight to about 10 parts by weight of one or more additives including a phosphate content, wherein the functional fluid composition exhibits either or both of an average scar width according to ASTM D 2670 (100 Ib break-in for 1 min, 200 Ib load for 30 minutes) that ranges from about 0.05 mm to about 0.45 mm and/or an average tooth count according to ASTM D 2670 (100 Ib break-in for 1 min, 200 Ib load for 30 minutes) of less than about 15.
  • ASTM D 2670 100 Ib break-in for 1 min, 200 Ib load for 30 minutes
  • Another aspect of the invention is directed at a braking system which includes a functional fluid composition and/or an additives package as described herein.
  • a braking system may further be characterized as being free of a booster.
  • Yet another aspect of the invention is directed at the use of a functional fluid composition and/or an additives package as described herein in a braking system.
  • a braking system may be further characterized as being free of a booster.
  • the present invention contemplates an improved composition possessing a unique combination of attributes that make it suitable as a working fluid in a number of applications, especially in hydraulic fluids applications (e.g., a fluid which is in a sealed and/or closed system in which the fluid may be exposed to temperatures greater than about 5O 0 C, or even greater than about 100 0 C, and may remain in a liquid state at those temperatures), such as brake fluids.
  • hydraulic fluids applications e.g., a fluid which is in a sealed and/or closed system in which the fluid may be exposed to temperatures greater than about 5O 0 C, or even greater than about 100 0 C, and may remain in a liquid state at those temperatures
  • brake fluids e.g., brake fluids.
  • the fluid compositions of the present invention employ a glycolic component as its major component and preferably also include one or more additives.
  • the fluids exhibit a high lubricity, high dry equilibrium reflux boiling point (ERBP), a low temperature viscosity, a low average scar width as measured according to ASTM D 2670 with a 45.4 kg break-in for 1 minute followed by a 90.9 kg load for 30 minutes, and/or a low average tooth count as measured according to ASTM D 2670 (with a 45.4 kg break-in for 1 minute followed by a 90.9 kg load for 30 minutes (all such properties being in accordance with the preferred properties as described herein).
  • ERBP dry equilibrium reflux boiling point
  • the present invention employs a glycol component of glycols, alkoxy glycols, or both, and an additive including a phosphate content (such as an ester of phosphoric acid and/or an ethoxylated phosphate ester) that together provide a fluid that can be used as a brake fluid, which meets the provisions for of one or both of DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluids under the provisions of the table above.
  • a phosphate content such as an ester of phosphoric acid and/or an ethoxylated phosphate ester
  • a glycolic major component e.g., a glycol component including an alkoxyl triglycol such as methoxytriglycol, butoxytriglycol or both, and optionally an alkoxylated polyethylene-propylene glycol and/or an alkoxylated polypropylene glycol
  • a first additive including (or consisting essentially of, or even consisting of) an ester of phosphoric acid (e.g., an aromatic phosphate ester such as tricresyl phosphate)
  • a second additive including (or consisting essentially of, or even consisting of) an ethoxylated phosphate ester (e.g., one that includes an ethoxylated phosphoric ester and/or a propoxylated phosphoric ester, such as polyoxy
  • an additive including a phosphate content (such as the first additive and/or the second additive), without beyond bound by theory, is believed to improve the lubricity of the fluid and reduce the average scar width and/or reduce the average tooth count.
  • Such additives have been used as working fluids in metal working operations, such as metal rolling and metal forming which are generally performed in open systems where the fluid can expand and the fluid is not exposed to repeated operations (e.g., more than one, two or three forming steps at the same region, and/or the fluid is not exposed repeatedly to temperatures greater than about 5O 0 C or greater than about 100 0 C).
  • Anti-wear additives including a phosphate content have also been used in other applications, such as in refrigerant compositions, which generally contain a high concentration of a refrigerant (e.g., a fluorocarbon containing fluorine, carbon and optionally other atoms such as hydrogen and chlorine, which typically have a boiling point below 60 0 C, preferably below about 50°C or even below 30 0 C).
  • refrigerant systems typically operate at relatively low pressures, e.g., less than about 10, 4 or even 2 atmospheres).
  • Functional fluids for systems such as brake systems are very demanding in that the fluid may be repeatedly exposed to high temperatures (e.g., greater than about 60, 80, 100, or even 120 0 C) and/or high pressures, greater than about 10, 20, 50, or 100 atmospheres. This is particularly true for glycolic functional fluid compositions as compared with silicone based functional fluid compositions, as the silicone fluids are innately more stable and relatively more expansive.
  • Brake fluids which are generally free of refrigerants, such as a fluorocarbon containing fluorine, carbon and optionally other atoms
  • the number of cycles may be quite high (e.g., greater than 10, 100, 1000 or even 10000), as the fluid may be replaced only once every year or even less.
  • the changes in pressure may be quite sudden (e.g., some or even all of the fluid may increase in pressure from less than 2 atmospheres to greater than 10 atmospheres in a time of less than 1 or even less than 0.1 second).
  • the changes in temperature may also be quite severe, with the temperature sometimes starting near or at ambient conditions (which typically is less than about 30°C, but may be less than about O 0 C, or even less than about -30°C). It is found that the additives containing a phosphate content (as described herein) offer surprising benefits, including wear resistance properties, in a demanding application such as brake fluids which experiences repeated pressure loading and unloading, repeated thermal heating (e.g., due to the friction between a moving component and a braking component).
  • glycolic functional fluid e.g., a fluid which is substantially free, or even entirely free of a refrigerant and/or silicone
  • a brake system which is a closed, sealed system which repeatedly experiences temperature and pressure changes as described above.
  • Functional fluids of the present invention may comprise one or any combination of the following:
  • the glycol component can be formed partially, substantially entirely (at least 90% or at least 95% by weight) or entirely of one, two, three or more glycols, polyglycols, or both.
  • the glycols or polyglycols of the glycol component have the formula of FORMULA I:
  • Each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 is either hydrogen (H) or an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 or more carbon atoms or mixtures thereof.
  • the glycols or polyglycols may have at least one of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 or more carbon atoms, such as one disclosed in Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/976,010 (filed Sep. 28, 2007) titled "Functional Fluid Composition", which is hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes.
  • R 1 be an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms such that glycol or polyglycol is an alkoxy glycol ether (e.g., an alkyl end capped alkoxy glycol ether) as opposed to being simply a glycol where R 1 is (H).
  • R 1 is (H) for less than 90%, more typically less than 50% and even possibly less than 30% or 20% by weight of the glycol component, the overall fluid composition, or both.
  • a polyglycol of FORMULA I has n of at least 2 or greater and that the term glycol includes all polyglycols.
  • the glycol component can include glycols or FORMULA I wherein R 1 is an alkyl group and where R 1 is H.
  • the glycols of FORMULA I having n of at least 2 may have repeat units which are the same (e.g., a homopolymer), repeat units which are different (e.g., a copolymer), or a combination thereof.
  • Polyglycol copolymers may include two, three or even four or more different repeat units. A preferred copolymer may contain two different repeat units.
  • Polyglycol copolymers may be characterized as block copolymers, random copolymers, alternating copolymer, or any combination.
  • Block copolymers may include copolymers having one block of each repeat unit, as well as copolymers having a plurality of blocks of one or even each of the repeat units.
  • a block may be defined as a long run of consecutive sequences (e.g., three, four, five, or more) of the same repeat units.
  • Suitable polyglycol copolymer include random copolymers such as a copolymer which is substantially free (e.g., less than about 20 mole%, or even 10 mole% of the repeat units of the copolymer are in blocks) or even entirely free of blocks of long run of consecutive sequences (e.g., three, four, five, or more) of the same repeat units.
  • exemplary glycols include those in which the repeat unit is ethylene oxide (CH 2 -CH 2 -O), propylene oxide (e.g., CH(CH 3 )-CH 2 -O or CH 2 -CH(CH 3 )-O), or combinations thereof.
  • glycols e.g., alkoxy glycols
  • the glycol component typically includes an amount of one or more first glycol (e.g., a first polyglycol) where R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each H.
  • first glycol e.g., a first polyglycol
  • R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each H.
  • first glycol is at least about 3%, more typically at least about 10% and even more typically at least about 20% by weight of the glycol component.
  • first glycol is typically less than about 80%, more typically less than about 50% and even more typically less than about 30% by weight of the of the glycol component.
  • n is at least 1 , but preferably n is 2 or more.
  • higher or lower amounts of the overall first glycol and the particular amounts of the first glycol having different n values may be employed unless otherwise specified.
  • the glycol component may optionally include an amount of one or more second glycol (e.g., a second polyglycol) wherein at least one (and preferably only one), but also possibly two, three or all four of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • second glycols which may be one glycol or a mixture of glycols
  • Preferable second glycols include an R 2 or R 3 group and more preferably include an R 4 or R 5 group comprising a methyl, an ethyl, a propyl, a butyl, or any combination thereof.
  • preferable second glycols include an R 2 or R 3 group and more preferably include an R 4 or R 5 group comprising a methyl or an ethyl group. Still more preferable second glycols include an R 2 or R 3 group and more preferably include an R 4 or R 5 group comprising a methyl group.
  • such second glycol is at least about 3%, more typically at least about 10% and even more typically at least about 20% by weight of the glycol component.
  • second glycol is typically less than about 80%, more typically less than about 50% and even more typically less than about 30% by weight of the of the glycol component.
  • n is at least 1 , but preferably n is 2 or more.
  • higher or lower amounts of the overall second glycol and the particular amounts of the second glycol having different n values may be employed unless otherwise specified.
  • the glycol component may optionally include an amount of one or more third glycol (e.g., a third polyglycol) that is a copolymer.
  • any of the third glycols (which may be one glycol or a mixture of glycols) will typically include one or more first repeat units of FORMULA I having a first configuration and one or more second repeat units having a second configuration.
  • the third glycol typically includes at least one of first repeat unit of FORMULA I wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each H.
  • the third glycol also typically includes at least one second repeat unit wherein at least one and typically only one, but also possibly two, three or all four of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • Preferable second repeat units of the third glycols include an R 2 or R 3 group and more preferably include an R 4 or R 5 group comprising a methyl, an ethyl, a propyl, a butyl, or any combination thereof. More preferable second repeat units of the third glycols include an R 2 or R 3 group and more preferably include an R 4 or R 5 group comprising a methyl or an ethyl group. Still more preferable second repeat units of the third glycols include an R 2 or R 3 group and more preferably include an R 4 or R 5 group comprising a methyl group. When included, such third glycol is at least about 3%, more typically at least about 10% and even more typically at least about 20% by weight of the glycol component.
  • such third glycol is typically less than about 80%, more typically less than about 50% and even more typically less than about 30% by weight of the of the glycol component.
  • n is at least 2 or more.
  • higher or lower amounts of the overall third glycol and the particular amounts of the third glycol having different n values may be employed unless otherwise specified.
  • glycols of each of the types mentioned, but particularly the second glycols and third glycols surprisingly assist the fluid in achieving various properties.
  • Such properties can include, without limitation, higher boiling points, lower viscosities, greater lubricity, combinations thereof or the like.
  • the glycol component includes a (e.g., one or more) second glycol, a (e.g., one or more) third glycol, or both.
  • the amount of the second glycol, the third glycol, or the combination of the second glycol and third glycol may be greater than about 5 wt.%, preferably greater than 10 wt.%, and more preferably greater than about 15 wt.% based on the total weight of the fluid composition.
  • the amount of the second glycol, the third glycol, or the combination of the second glycol and third glycol may be less than about 90 wt.%, preferably less than about 70 wt.%, more preferably less than about 50 wt.%, and most preferably less than about 35 wt.% based on the total weight of the fluid composition.
  • higher or lower amounts of the second glycol, the third glycol, or the combination of the second and third glycol may be employed
  • Suitable Ri groups of the glycol component are alkyl groups containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • Preferable glycol components include an R 1 group comprising a methyl, an ethyl, a propyl, a butyl, or any combination thereof.
  • examples of useful glycols include methoxy triglycol, methoxy diglycol, methoxy polyglycol, ethoxy triglycol, ethoxy diglycol, ethoxy tetraglycol, propoxy triglycol, butoxy triglycol (e.g., triethylene glycol monobutyl ether), butoxy diglycol (e.g., diethylene glycol monobutyl ether), butoxy teteraglycol, pentoxy diglycol, pentoxy triglycol, 2-ethylhexyl diglycol or any combination thereof.
  • methoxy triglycol e.g., alkoxy glycols or otherwise
  • examples of useful glycols include methoxy triglycol, methoxy diglycol, methoxy polyglycol, ethoxy triglycol, ethoxy diglycol, ethoxy tetraglycol, propoxy triglycol, butoxy trig
  • Preferable glycols (e.g., alkoxy glycols) of the glycol component include, without limitation, methoxy triglycol, methoxy diglycol, methoxy polyglycol, methoxy tetraglycol, ethoxy polyglycol, ethoxy triglycol, ethoxy diglycol, ethoxy tetraglycol, butoxy polyglycol, butoxy triglycol, butoxy diglycol, butoxy tetraglycol, triethylene glycol monohexyl ether, diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, triethylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, tripropylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, tripropylene glycol monobutyl ether, polypropylene glycol monobutyl ether, polypropylene glycol monobutyl ether,
  • More preferable alkoxy glycol components comprise methoxy triglycol, methoxy diglycol, methoxy polyglycol, butoxy triglycol, butoxy diglycol, butoxy polyglycol, Triethylene glycol monohexyl ether, Diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, Triethylene glycol monopropyl ether, Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, tripropylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, tripropylene glycol monobutyl ether, polypropylene glycol monopropyl ether, Polypropylene glycol monobutyl ether or any combination thereof.
  • alkoxy glycol components comprise a mixture of two or more of methoxy polyglycol, butoxy diglycol, butoxy triglycol, butoxy polyglycol, triethylene glycol monopropyl ether, tripropylene glycol monopropyl ether, tripropylene glycol monobutyl ether, polypropylene glycol monopropyl ether, or polypropylene glycol monobutyl ether.
  • useful glycols include, without limitation, diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, triethylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, tripropylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monoethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monopropyl ether, tripropylene glycol monobutyl ether, polypropylene glycol monopropyl ether, polypropylene glycol monobutyl ether, polybutylene glycol monopropyl ether, polybutylene glycol monopropyl ether, polybutylene glycol monobutyl ether, any combinations thereof or the like.
  • methods of preparing useful alkoxy glycols include an alkoxilation reaction that reacts an alkylene oxide with an alcohol to produce an alkyl glycol.
  • use of high purity alkoxy glycols in the glycol component is preferable.
  • high purity butoxy triglycol and butoxy diglycol may individually or in combination be used to help maintain the desired low temperature viscosity.
  • high purity alkoxy glycol is at least about 90% pure (i.e., the high purity alkoxy glycol consists of at least about 90 wt.% of molecules having the same molecular structure); at least about 97% pure, or at least about 98% pure.
  • high purity butoxy triglycol and high purity butoxy diglycol is utilized in the fluid composition and is preferably at least 50% and more preferably at least 75% by weight of the glycol component.
  • the fluid composition may also include borate ester, but preferably includes no more than about 10 parts by weight of a borate ester (e.g., a glycol borate ester) based on the weight of the fluid composition. Suitable fluid compositions may also be substantially free, or even entirely free of a glycol borate ester.
  • the glycol borate ester component preferably includes at least one ingredient that has the formula:
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 can be any of groups as specified with respect to FORMULA I and n can be as specified with respect to FORMULA I, (for example, R 1 R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 may each independently be H or an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, and n may range from 1 to 4).
  • the glycol borate ester component can have any of the repeat units of the first glycol of the glycol component, the second glycol of the glycol component, the third glycol of the glycol component or any combination thereof as discussed with respect to FORMULA I herein. It is also understood that the glycol borate ester component and any borate containing compound is not considered as part of the glycol component, but rather is separate.
  • optional glycol borate ester components include alkoxy glycol borate ester components such as methoxy triethylene glycol borate ester, ethoxy triethylene glycol borate ester, butoxy triethylene glycol borate ester or any combination thereof disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,558,569, filed November 10, 2000 (see e.g., column 3, lines 13 - 40), hereby incorporated by reference. If a borate ester component is present in the composition, it is preferably present in an amount greater than 0.01 or greater than 1 parts by weight of the functional fluid, but it is also preferably present in an amount less than about 10 parts by weight of the functional fluid.
  • alkoxy glycol borate ester components such as methoxy triethylene glycol borate ester, ethoxy triethylene glycol borate ester, butoxy triethylene glycol borate ester or any combination thereof disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,558,569, filed November 10, 2000 (see e.g., column 3, lines 13 - 40), hereby incorporated
  • the borate ester component is present in the composition in an amount less than about 4 parts by weight of the functional fluid.
  • the functional fluid compositions of the present invention are substantially free (less than about 0.5% by weight of the functional fluid) or entirely free of any borate ester component.
  • a glycol borate component is in the composition, it is typically the case that the glycol groups represent a substantial portion of the composition.
  • Such glycol groups are the portions of FORMULA I and FORMULA Il attached to the (H) hydrogen atom or the (B) Boron atom of those formulas.
  • such glycol groups may be as follows:
  • glycol groups can represent at least about 50%, more typically at least about 60%, still more typically at least about 80% and even possibly at least about 90% by weight of the overall composition .
  • the composition of the present invention further contemplates an optional additive package that includes one or more additives having a phosphate content (e.g., at least one phosphate ester) for improving lubricity of a brake system.
  • the additive component additives thus may comprise one or more additives that typically include one or any combination, without limitation corrosion inhibitors, stabilizers such as pH stabilizers, lubricants, anti-wear agents, anti-foaming agents, and antioxidants.
  • the additive component when present, is typically at least about 0.05 parts by weight, more typically at least about 0.1 parts by weight and even more typically at least about 0.3 parts by weight of the functional fluid.
  • the additive component, when present, is typically less than about 20 parts by weight, more typically less than about 15 parts by weight, and even possibly less than about 10 parts by weight of the functional fluid.
  • the one or more additives herein may have a phosphate content.
  • one preferred approach is to have one or more additives having a phosphate content present in the amount of at least about 0.005, more specifically at least about 0.01 , and still more specifically at least about 0.1 parts by weight of the additive component. It is generally expected however that the total concentration of the one or more additives including phosphate will be less than about 0.7, more specifically less than 0.5, and more specifically less than about 0.4 parts by weight of the additive component.
  • the additives package of the present invention may include from about 5 parts by weight to about 75 parts by weight (e.g., from about 5 wt.% to about 75 wt.% based on the total weight of the additives package) of at least one of (i) a first additive including an ester of phosphoric acid and (ii) a second additive including an ethoxylated phosphate ester and about 30 parts by weight to about 99 parts by weight (e.g., from about 30 wt.% to about 99 wt.% based on the total weight of the additives package) of two or more corrosion inhibitors that includes at least one of (a) propanediamine and xylene, (b) hydroxyethylpiperazine, (c) dodecenyl succinic anhydride, (d) di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid, (e) poly(diethoxysiloxane), (e) oleic acid, and (f) propylene
  • the one or more additives having a phosphate content will include a first additive having a phosphoric ester.
  • the phosphoric ester may be an aromatic phosphate ester, an aliphatic phosphate ester, or a combination thereof, Without limitation, the phosphoric ester may be an aromatic phosphate ester such as a phosphoric acid tris(methylphenyl)ester (e.g., tricresyl phosphate).
  • the first additive may have a specific gravity (at 20 0 C) that ranges from about 1.1 to about 1.25 and a flash point of at least about 380 0 C (e.g., about 390 to about 430 0 C.
  • the first additive may exhibit a melting point of less than about -55, and more specifically less than about -45 0 C.
  • the first additive may also exhibit a melting point of at least about -25, and more specifically at least about -30 0 C.
  • the melting point may range from about -55 to about -25, and more preferably from about -45 to -30 0 C.
  • the first additive may exhibit a boiling point (at 4 mm Hg) of at least about 230, and more specifically at least about 240 0 C.
  • the first additive may also exhibit a boiling point (at 4 mm Hg) of less than about 270, and more specifically less than about 265 0 C.
  • the boiling point (at 4 mm Hg) may range from about 230 to about 270, and more preferably from about 240 to 265 0 C.
  • the first additive may exhibit an acid number, e.g., as measured according to ASTM D974-01 , of less than about 0.5, more specifically less than about 0.1 mg KOH/kg.
  • the one or more additives having a phosphate content includes a second additive having (or consisting of) an alkoxylated phosphoric ester.
  • Suitable alkoxylated phosphoric esters without limitation, an ethoxylated phosphoric ester, a propoxylated phosphoric ester, and the like.
  • the alkoxylated phosphoric ester may contain one or more aromatic groups (e.g., phenyl groups).
  • An exemplary ethoxylated phosphoric ester is a polyethylene phenyl ether phosphate.
  • the second additive may have a specific gravity (at 25 0 C) that ranges from about 1.1 to about 1.35 and a flash point of at least about 120 0 C (e.g., about 130 to about 170 0 C).
  • the second additive may exhibit a freezing point of at least about 40, and more specifically at least about 10 0 C.
  • the second additive may also exhibit a freezing point of less than about -50, and more specifically less than about -20 0 C.
  • the freezing point may range from about 40 to about -50, and more preferably from about 10 to -20 0 C.
  • the second additive may exhibit a boiling point (at 760 mm Hg) of at least about 110, and more specifically at least about 140 0 C.
  • the second additive may also exhibit a boiling point (at 760 mm Hg) of less than about 190, and more specifically less than about 160 0 C.
  • the boiling point (at 760 mm Hg) may range from about 110 to about 190, and more preferably from about 140 to 160 0 C.
  • the second additive may exhibit an acid number (KOH to first inflection point), as measured for example according to ASTM D974-01 , that ranges from about 90 to about 115, and more preferably from about 90 to about 110.
  • the second additive also may exhibit a nonionic content less than about 15, and more preferably less than about 7%.
  • An exemplary alkoxylated phosphoric ester is a polyethylene phenyl ether phosphate.
  • suitable additives having a phosphate content include, without limitation, a polyoxyethylene octadadecenyl ether phosphate (e.g., CAS number 9004-98-2, CAS number 7664-38-2, or LUBRHOPHOS® LB-400 which is commercially available from Rhodia), polyoxyethylene lauryl ether phosphate (e.g., CAS number 39464-66-9 or LUBRHOPHOS® RD-510E which is commercially available from Rhodia), a linear alcohol ethoxy phosphate (e.g., LUBRHOPHOS® LK-500 which is commercially available from Rhodia), a polyethylene phenyl ether phosphate (e.g., CAS No.
  • a polyoxyethylene octadadecenyl ether phosphate e.g., CAS number 9004-98-2, CAS number 7664-38-2, or LUBRHOPHOS® LB-400 which is commercially available
  • the one or more additives having a phosphate content may be utilized for improving lubricity (e.g., antiwear properties) for fluid power systems such as one disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,152,926 (filed Sep. 10, 1990, see e.g., col. 3, line 29 to col.
  • the one or more additives having a phosphate content of the present invention may be incorporated into a functional fluid that includes a silicone content, is essentially free of silicone (e.g., contains silicone at a concentration less than about 5 wt.%, preferably less than about 1 wt.%, more preferably less than about 0.1 wt.%, and most preferably less than about 0.01 wt.% based on the total weight of the functional fluid) or is free of silicone.
  • the additives having a phosphate content may be phosphate esters, phosphate esters, or both.
  • suitable phosphate esters include phosphate monoesters, phosphate diesters, phosphate triesters, and any combination thereof.
  • the phosphate ester may include or consist essentially (e.g., contain at least 90 wt%, or at least 95 wt% based on the total weight of the phosphate esters or the phosphate containing additives) of one or more phosphate triesters.
  • the phosphate ester may be substantially or totally free of phosphate triesters and contain phosphate monoesters, phosphate diesters, or both.
  • additives include: organic phosphates, such as LubrizolTM 1097 which is a zinc (dialkyl dithio) phosphate manufactured by the Lubrizol Corporation; SYN-O-ADTM 8478, a 70%/30% blend of tri (2,4,6-tri-t-butyl phenyl) phosphate/triphenyl phosphate manufactured by the Stauffer Chemical Company; an ethoxylated phosphate ester (AntaraTM LP-700 type), a phosphate alcohol (ZELEC 3337 type), and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (e.g., Lubrizol 5139, 5604, 5178, 5186 type).
  • organic phosphates such as LubrizolTM 1097 which is a zinc (dialkyl dithio) phosphate manufactured by the Lubrizol Corporation
  • SYN-O-ADTM 8478 a 70%/30% blend of tri (2,4,6-tri-t-butyl phenyl) phosphate/tripheny
  • Ethoxylated phosphate esters may be water soluble compositions having a phosphorus content of from about 4 to 10 percent, preferably 5 to 7 percent, such as AntaraTMLP-700 of GAF (polyoxyethylene phenyl ether phosphate). Additional additives having a phosphate content include those described in U.S. Patent 4,744,915 (filed Aug. 24, 1987), e.g., col. 2, lines 53-68, such as phosphate acid esters, trioctyl phosphate and tricreosol phosphate.
  • the first additive, the second additive, or both may be present at a concentration greater than about 0.005 parts, preferably greater than 0.010 parts, and more preferably greater than about 0.03 parts by weight of the total fluid composition.
  • the first additive, the second additive, or both may be present at a concentration less than about 2.5 parts, preferably less than 0.7 parts, and more preferably less than about 0.3 parts by weight of the total fluid composition.
  • the first additive, the second additive, or both may be present at a concentration from about 0.005 to about 0.7 parts by weight of the fluid composition.
  • the one or more additives may include known corrosion inhibitors such as the alkanol amines or alkyl amines and other organic amines to increase low temperature viscosity of functional fluids (e.g., functional fluids containing borate esters), which in turn leads to the use of more complex and expensive additives such as those disclosed in EP0750033, filed June 20, 1996, incorporated by reference (see, e.g. page 2, lines 55 to page 3, line 56) and EP0617116, filed on March 9, 1994, incorporated by reference (see e.g., page 2, lines 14 to page 3, line 7 and page 4, lines 1 - 16).
  • functional fluids e.g., functional fluids containing borate esters
  • the fluid compositions may use known corrosion inhibitors and still achieve the desired low temperature viscosity.
  • increased amounts of corrosion inhibitors and additives may be used to achieve improved stability or corrosion resistance without sacrificing low viscosity.
  • the corrosion inhibitors may be present in the amount of about 0 or about 0.005 to about 7, and more specifically from about 0.1 to about 5 (e.g., from about 2 to about 4) parts by weight of the additive component.
  • Examples of corrosion inhibiting agents which may be used include those disclosed in EP Patent No. 0750033 (filed June 20, 1996), such as amines capable especially of neutralizing the boric ester, an amine containing at least one alkyl radical, especially from C1 to C7, or a cyclane radical, especially from C5 to C7, or, again, an alkoxy radical especially from C1 to C6; an ethoxylated amines such as di-n-butylamine, tri-n-butylamine, diisopropanolamine of general formula: HN(CH 2 CHOHCH 3 )2, monocyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, 2-amino-1- ethanol, diethanolamine of general formula: HN (CH 2 -CH 2 OH) 2 , monomethanolmonopropylamine of general formula: HN(CH 2 OH)(CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ) or diisopropylamine;an N-acyl derivative of s
  • R 3 is linear or branched radical having at least one ether functional group and no alcohol functional group
  • R is a methyl radical or a hydrogen atom
  • p is an integer from 1 to 3
  • q is an integer from 0 to 2.
  • the ether-amine used must contain a radical R 3 which is a linear or branched radical having at least one ether functional group and no alcohol functional group. Radical R 3 is not cyclic.
  • R 3 may have the following formula: R 1 -O-R 2 - in which R 1 is a linear or branched alkyl radical preferably having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms and R 2 is a linear or branched alkylene radical preferably having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • the ether-amine comprises at least one and preferably at least 2 units derived from an epoxide.
  • p+q may range from 1 to 3.
  • the ether-amine is generally obtained by reacting a starting ether-amine, with an epoxide such as, for example, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or a mixture of the two.
  • the starting ether-amine can have the following general formula (A): R 1 -O-R 2 -NH 2 in which R 1 and R 2 have the same meaning as above.
  • the ether-amine obtained advantageously contains the amines having the following formula (B):
  • R 1 , R 2 , R, p and q have the same meaning as above (i.e., as for formula (A) above).
  • a mixture of ether-amines having the formula (B) is obtained. It is desirable to obtain essentially the which R 1 , R 2 , R, p and q have the same meaning as above.
  • An example of a suitable ether-amine is 2,2'-[3(methoxypropyl)imino]bisethanol amine.
  • Examples of classes of corrosion inhibitors that may be used in the functional fluid compositions of the present invention include fatty acids such as lauric, palmitic, stearic or oleic acids, esters of phosphorus or phosphoric acid with aliphatic alcohols, phosphates or phosphites such as ethyl phosphate, dimethyl phosphate, isopropyl phosphate, butyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite and diisopropyl phosphite, alkenyl anhydride such as dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (DEHPA), propanediamine and xylene component (e.g., Dupont Metal Deactivator comprising N, N' disalicylidene-1 ,2-propanediamine and xylene), poly(diethoxysiloxane) (e.g., PSI-
  • Patent No. 6,074,992 (e.g., column 2, line 65 to column 3, line 12) filed February 2, 1999 by Pierre Levesque and GB Patent No. British Patent No. 1 ,111 ,680 (e.g., page 1 , line 10 to page 2, line 8) filed Dec. 1 , 1965, by McPhail et. al., both hereby incorporated by reference).
  • Other amine compounds useful as corrosion inhibitors include alkyl amines such as di-n-butylamine and di-n-amylamine, cyclohexylamine and salts thereof.
  • Amine compounds which are particularly useful as corrosion inhibitors in the functional fluid compositions of the present invention include the alkanol amines, preferably those containing one to three alkanol groups with each alkanol group containing from one to six carbon atoms.
  • alkanol amines include mono-, di- and trimethanolamine, mono-, di- and triethanolamine, mono-, di- and tripropanolamine and mono-, di- and triisopropanolamine.
  • Examples of 1 ,2,4 triazoles and its derivatives include those listed in U.S. Patent No. 6,074,992 (column 2, line 65 to column 3, line 12) filed February 2, 1999 by Pierre Levesque, such as 1 ,2,4 triazole or its derivatives represented by the formula:
  • R and R' are the same or different and can be hydrogen, an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an amino group such as -NH, -NHR or -NR R', an acyl group such as - COR, or an aryl group such as benzene or toluene.
  • additional examples of 1 ,2,4 triazoles and its derivatives include those listed in GB Patent No. British Patent No. 1 ,111 ,680 (page 1, line 10 to page 2, line 8) filed Dec. 1 , 1965, by McPhail et. al.. such as 1 ,2,4-triazoles having the formula
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, acyl or aroyl, the symbol (R 4 ) meaning that the substituent R 4 is attached to any one of the nitrogen atoms comprising the triazole ring or is a labile substituent if R 4 is hydrogen.
  • the formula recited above embraces, for example, not only 3-substituted- and 3,5-substituted-1 ,2,4-triazoles, for example 3-amino-1 ,2,4-triazole, 3-amino-5-heptyl-1 ,2,4-triazole, but also acylated and aroylated-1 ,2,4-triazoles which may be
  • the additive components may also advantageously contain, in addition to one or more corrosion inhibitors, other additive compounds such as antifoaming agents, pH stabilizers, antioxidants and the like, all well known to the skilled formulator for enhancing the performance of the functional fluid composition.
  • other additive compounds such as antifoaming agents, pH stabilizers, antioxidants and the like, all well known to the skilled formulator for enhancing the performance of the functional fluid composition.
  • the functional fluids of the present invention may include from about 0 or 0.10 parts by weight to about 30 parts by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of a diluent or a lubricant such as, for example, polyethylene oxides, polypropylene oxides, polyglycols (e.g.
  • One preferred lubricant such as a polyalkylene glycol monobutyl ether is present in the amount from about 10 to about 30, and more preferably in an amount of about 15 to about 25 parts by weight of the functional composition.
  • polyalkylene glycol monobutyl ether which contains two different alkylene glycol repeat units, oxyethylene and oxypropylene, at about equal weights and n is at least four
  • UCONTM 50-HB-260 commercially available from The Dow Company.
  • the functional fluids of the present invention may meets the needs in the art for high performance functional fluids having high lubricity to reduce or eliminate brake noise, while improving the life of the brake.
  • the functional fluids of the present invention include brake fluids that meet all of the requirements for DOT 3 and DOT 4 fluids given in Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards 116, having high boiling points (e.g.
  • novel functional fluids of the present invention may meet all of the requirements for DOT 3 and DOT 4 fluids given in Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards 116 and have improved lubricity (e.g., antiwear).
  • Fluid compositions of the present invention have an ERBP of at least about 205 0 C, preferably at least about 225 0 C, more preferably at least about 240 0 C, and most preferably at least about 245 0 C.
  • the low temperature viscosity at -40 0 C of the fluid composition is preferably less than 1500 centistokes (cSt), preferably less than about 1200 or about 1100 centistokes (cSt), more preferably less that about 1000 cSt or about 900 cSt, and possibly less than about 850 cSt.
  • D500 is a polyethylene- propylene glycol monomethyl ether having an average molecular weight of about 500 having n of at least 4
  • pusher is a mixture of polyethylene glycols having n of at least 4
  • PSI-021 is a poly(diethoxysiloxane) available from Gelest Inc. (Morrisville, PA, USA)
  • Butyl CarbitolTM solvent is a diethylene glycol monobutyl ether available from The Dow Chemical Co. (USA).
  • Intermediate 1 contains about 45 wt.% Butyl CarbitolTM Solvent, about 12.5% monoethylene glycol, about 9.4 wt.% Agerite Resin D, about 1.25 wt.% sodium nitrate, about 0.65 wt.% benzotriazole, and about 31.2 wt.% butyl diethanolamine.
  • Intermediate 2 contains about 88 wt.% propylene glycol and about 12 wt.% sodium borate (e.g., Borax 5 MoI).
  • the functional fluids of Table 2 which include a commercial DOT 3 brake fluid (Comparative Example 1) and newly developed functional fluids (Examples 1-3), are evaluated for lubricity.
  • Example 3 The lubricity properties of these fluids are shown in Table 3.
  • Table 3 illustrates that Comparative Example 1 has a relatively large scar width and a relatively high average tooth count, indicating low lubricity, while the newly developed fluids (Examples 1-3) have higher lubricity than Comparative Example 1 , with Example 1 having the highest lubricity (lowest scar width). Example 1 also has the lowest average tooth count.
  • Table 2 Table 3:
  • Lubricity (e.g., antiwear) of functional fluids may be determined using the Falex Pin & Vee Block Test Machine according to a modified ASTM D 2670.
  • lubricity is evaluated for compositions of the present invention. For the purposes of this evaluation, a load of 100 Ib is applied and maintained for a break in time of 1 minute. The load is increased and maintained at 200 Ib for a remaining test duration of 30 minutes. Thereafter, wear is determined and recorded as the measured width of the Vee Block scaring, (e.g., average scar width), the number of teeth of the ratchet mechanism advanced to maintain a constant load during a prescribed test time interval, (e.g., average tooth count), or both.
  • the measured width of the Vee Block scaring e.g., average scar width
  • the number of teeth of the ratchet mechanism advanced to maintain a constant load during a prescribed test time interval e.g., average tooth count
  • the functional fluid of the present invention will impart improved lubricity for a fluid power system as determined from an average scar width according to modified ASTM D 2670 (100 pounds break-in for 1 minute, 200 pounds load for 30 minutes), an average tooth count according to modified ASTM D 2670 (100 Ib break-in for 1 min, 200 Ib load for 30 mins), or both.
  • the functional fluid may exhibit an average scar width of at least about 0.05, more specifically at least about 0.1 mm.
  • the functional fluid also will exhibit an average scar width less than about 0.45, specifically less than about 0.35, and more specifically less than about 0.3 mm.
  • the average scar width may range from about 0.05 to about 0.45, more specifically from about 0.1 to about 0.3 mm.
  • the functional fluid may exhibit an average tooth count of less than about 15, and more specifically less than about 8.
  • a polyethylene- propylene glycol monoalkyl ether e.g., a polyethylene-propylene glycol monomethyl ether having an average molecular weight of about 500
  • D500 e.g., at a concentration from about 10 wt.% to about 30 wt.%, more preferably from about 17 wt.% to about 23 wt.% based on the total weight of the functional fluid
  • a monounsaturated fatty acid such as oleic acid (e.g., at a concentration from about 0.02 wt.% to about 0.5 wt.%, preferably from about 0.08 wt.% to about 0.15 wt.% based on the total weight of the functional fluid) or both
  • methoxy triglycol preferably at a concentration greater than about 25 wt.%, more preferably from about 40 wt.% to about 60 wt.% (and preferably in
  • Functional fluids of the present invention are well suited for use as a hydraulic fluid for numerous mechanical systems (e.g., hydraulic lifts, cranes, forklifts, bulldozers, hydraulic jacks, brake systems, combinations thereof, or the like).
  • the high lubricity as well as ERBP, WERBP, and low temperature viscosity of these fluid compositions are well-suited for brake systems in transportation vehicles (e.g., fixed and rotary wing aircraft, trains, automobiles in classes 1 to 8, or the like).
  • These braking systems include anti-lock braking systems (ABS), stability control systems, or combinations thereof.
  • ABS anti-lock braking systems
  • the present invention includes any of these systems which include the fluid compositions disclosed herein.
  • Traditional automotive brake systems include a depression mechanism operably connected to a master cylinder, a pneumatic or hydraulic booster, brake lines, and a braking mechanism.
  • a depression mechanism operably connected to a master cylinder, a pneumatic or hydraulic booster, brake lines, and a braking mechanism.
  • an operator presses the depression mechanism and the master cylinder applies a pressure to the brake fluid that is transmitted through the brake lines to the braking mechanism that at least partially resists the motion of the wheel or wheels.
  • Traditional brake systems require a booster pump to increase the pressure applied to the brake fluid to adequately operate the braking mechanism (e.g., to avoid a collision, when one or more wheels is slipping on a road surface, or combinations thereof) due to the high viscosity of traditional brake fluids.
  • Brake systems of the present invention may include low viscosity functional fluids described above, traditional higher viscosity brake fluids, or any combination thereof.
  • Preferred brake systems include brake fluids that consist essentially of the low viscosity functional fluids described above.
  • brake systems of the present invention may optionally include a booster pump (e.g. a pre-charge booster pump); however, the booster pump is preferably not included in the brake system as the use of the presently disclosed brake fluid may make the booster pump extraneous. Exclusion of the booster pump would represent a cost savings over systems where a booster pump was required.
  • a booster pump e.g. a pre-charge booster pump
  • weight concentrations of the above ingredients and the values of the properties listed may vary up to or greater than 5%, 10%, 25%, or 50% of the values listed.
  • a value of 10 may vary by 10%, which may result in a range of about 9 to about 11.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des fluides fonctionnels qui comprennent d'environ 50 parties en poids à environ 99 parties en poids d'un composant glycol et d'environ 0,3 parties en poids à environ 10 parties en poids d'un ou plusieurs additifs ayant une teneur en phosphate. Il est souhaitable que, dans un aspect de cette invention, la composition de fluides fonctionnels présente une largeur de cicatrice moyenne selon ASTM D 2670 (rodage de 100 lb pendant 1 minute, charge de 200 lb pendant 30 minutes) qui se trouve dans la plage d'environ 0,05 mm à environ 0,45 mm, un nombre de dents moyen selon ASTM D 2670 (rodage de 100 lb pendant 1 min, charge de 200 lb pendant 30 minutes) inférieur à environ 15, ou les deux.
EP08839304A 2007-10-15 2008-10-10 Composition de fluides fonctionnels destinée à améliorer la lubricité d'un système de freinage Withdrawn EP2205706A1 (fr)

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US97990107P 2007-10-15 2007-10-15
PCT/US2008/079498 WO2009052024A1 (fr) 2007-10-15 2008-10-10 Composition de fluides fonctionnels permettant d'améliorer la lubrification d'un système de freinage

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CN101827924A (zh) 2010-09-08
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US20090099048A1 (en) 2009-04-16
BRPI0821900A2 (pt) 2015-06-16

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