EP2195232B1 - Anlage zur übertragung einer flüssigkeit zwischen einem tanker und einer fest installierten struktur - Google Patents

Anlage zur übertragung einer flüssigkeit zwischen einem tanker und einer fest installierten struktur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2195232B1
EP2195232B1 EP20080834750 EP08834750A EP2195232B1 EP 2195232 B1 EP2195232 B1 EP 2195232B1 EP 20080834750 EP20080834750 EP 20080834750 EP 08834750 A EP08834750 A EP 08834750A EP 2195232 B1 EP2195232 B1 EP 2195232B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vessel
installation
carrier structure
fluid
water
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Not-in-force
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EP20080834750
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2195232A2 (de
Inventor
Jean-Pascal Biaggi
Virginie Lehning
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Technip Energies France SAS
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Technip France SAS
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Publication of EP2195232A2 publication Critical patent/EP2195232A2/de
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Publication of EP2195232B1 publication Critical patent/EP2195232B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
    • B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/3802—With vehicle guide or support, e.g., service station

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a facility for transferring a fluid between a transport vessel and a fluid reservoir on a fixed structure according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the present invention is particularly applicable to the transfer of liquid hydrocarbons such as liquefied gases such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) between a transport vessel and a fixed structure.
  • This fixed structure is, for example, a liquefaction unit or a regasification terminal during the loading of the vessel, or a fluid reservoir during unloading.
  • ship loading and unloading stations comprising a fluid transfer platform fixed on the seabed by a fixing structure placed on the bottom of the sea called “jacket ".
  • the platform supports articulated fluid transfer arms for connection to ship transom systems known as "manifolds" on the ship.
  • Known loading stations further include a set of dolphins (commonly referred to as "dolphins”) to absorb the ship's docking energy and moor it after docking.
  • the dolphins are also set on the seabed by rigid metal piles.
  • the fluid transfer platform is connected to a reservoir located on the coast or on a fixed platform at sea by a flexible pipe or a partially or totally immersed pipeline.
  • This type of transfer station requires a sufficient depth of water for the ship's draft. Nevertheless, when the ship is moored to the dolphins, it is not free to orient itself to the elements. In addition, without adequate protection against swells generally provided by a dyke, the relative movements between the ship and the loading station are very significant. The forces applied on the mooring lines between the vessel and the dolphins are therefore important, which implies that the transfer station must be placed in a sheltered site.
  • the semi-submersible assemblies are placed away from the loading platform, on either side of it for the respective mooring of the front and the rear of the ship.
  • These bearing structures are massive since they include pillars about 10 meters in diameter and uprights having a very large water contact surface with respect to the overall volume of the structure.
  • the load-bearing structures when connected to the ship by the mooring lines have a significant inertia, so that the assembly constituted by the structure and the ship absorb the swell in short time.
  • the support structure being dynamically heavy, it can have a significant inertia compared to the inertia of the ship which is docked to him considering the high mass the water which the weight, and the surface of high contact with the expanse of water in which it floats. Significant constraints therefore continue to apply on the mooring lines between the ship and the supporting structures.
  • the load-bearing structures allow, by their weight, to absorb the swell in the small time, they remain nevertheless, by their large surface of contact with the water, very sensitive to the waves or the swell on the water body in very bad weather, especially when the swell is greater than six meters.
  • the anchor lines of the load-bearing structures must be oversized to withstand the swell in case of heavy weather.
  • US 2005/0145154 describes a docking installation of a floating vessel comprising a perforated structure.
  • An object of the invention is to obtain a transfer facility that can be used easily away from the coast by limiting the dynamic forces due to docking, mooring constraints between the ship and the supporting structure, and which can nevertheless withstand waves of very high heights under extreme conditions.
  • the subject of the invention is an installation according to claim 1.
  • the plant according to the invention may comprise one or more of the features of the dependent claims 2 to 11.
  • the invention further relates to a transport assembly according to claim 12.
  • the transport assembly may include one or more of the features of claims 13 and 14.
  • the invention also relates to a transfer method according to claim 15.
  • the terms “longitudinal” and “transverse” refer to the elongated direction of a ship or a supporting structure.
  • the terms “upstream” and “downstream” refer to the direction of flow of a fluid during the unloading of this fluid from the vessel to the transfer facility.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrate a first set 10 of liquid hydrocarbon transport according to the invention.
  • This assembly 10 applies to the transport and transfer of liquefied hydrocarbons, especially liquefied gas, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), or any other type of liquefied gas.
  • liquefied gas such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), or any other type of liquefied gas.
  • the transport assembly comprises a transport vessel 12, floating on a body of water 14, a fluid transfer installation 16 disposed in the body of water 14 to receive the ship 12, and a fixed or terminal structure 18 located on the coast away from the transfer facility 16 to receive the fluid discharged by the transfer facility 16, or to produce or store the fluid to be loaded on the ship 12 by the transfer facility 16 .
  • the transport assembly 10 is entirely reversible, that is to say that the transfer installation 16 can be used either to load the vessel 12 with a fluid stored or produced in the the terminal 18, either conversely, discharge a fluid contained in the ship 12 and convey it to the terminal 18. Only the latter case will be described by way of example in all that follows.
  • the body of water 14 is an expanse of salt water such as a sea or an ocean, or an expanse of fresh water such as a lake.
  • the body of water rests on a solid bottom 20.
  • the installation 16 is advantageously mounted in a body of water 14 with a depth of between 25 meters and 70 meters, although greater depths, notably up to 150 meters can be considered.
  • the transport vessel 12 comprises a floating hull 22 delimiting a lateral mooring edge 24, and at least one liquefied fluid storage tank 26 disposed in the hull 22.
  • the ship 12 further comprises, along its mooring edge 24, mooring lines 28 fixed respectively at the front, at the rear and in the median part of the ship 12. These lines comprise in particular a point located at the bow of the ship 12, a point located at the stern of the ship 12 and cross lines in the central part of the ship.
  • the reservoir 26 comprises a plurality of manifolds 30 which open transversely with respect to the vessel 12, substantially in the middle part of the vessel 12.
  • Each manifold 30 is provided at its outer end with a connection flange and advantageously with a removable connection piece 32 adapted to protrude beyond the side edge 24 for the connection of a fluid transfer line.
  • connection flange and advantageously with a removable connection piece 32 adapted to protrude beyond the side edge 24 for the connection of a fluid transfer line.
  • the terminal 18 is disposed for example on the coast, or at sea, away from the transfer facility 16.
  • the terminal 18 comprises liquefied hydrocarbon storage tanks. These tanks are located for example at the output of a liquefied hydrocarbon production plant equipped with a liquefaction train, in the case where the transfer facility 16 is used to charge fluid into the ship 12.
  • the terminal 18 is connected to the transfer installation 16 via a cryogenic conduit 34 immersed in the body of water 14 and connected to at least one fluid reservoir of the terminal 18.
  • the conduit 34 is for example the "Pipe-in-Pipe” type, marketed by Flexi France under the trade name C-PIP (Cryogenic Pipe in Pipe).
  • C-PIP Crystalogenic Pipe in Pipe
  • the transfer facility 16 includes a fixed platform 40 for connecting the cryogenic conduit 34, and a floating dock 42 for receiving and docking the vessel 12 at the facility 16.
  • the platform 40 comprises a support 44 situated above the surface of the body of water 14, the pillars 46 for fixing the support 44 to the bottom of the body of water 14, and a connection assembly 48 to the cryogenic conduit 34 carried by the support 44.
  • the pillars 46 are for example made in the form of parallel members interconnected by a lattice of metal beams, or are made by tubular boxes. They are fixed at their lower end on the bottom 20 of the body of water on which they rest, and at their upper end, under the support 44. Thus, the platform 40 remains substantially immobile vertically whatever the conditions of agitation of the body of water 14.
  • connection assembly 48 receives an upstream end of the cryogenic duct 34.
  • the floating dock 42 comprises a perforated bearing structure 60, mooring fixing studs 28 on the structure 60, docking fenders 63, and flexible anchoring lines 64 of the carrying structure 60 on the bottom 20 of the expanse of water 14.
  • the transfer facility 16 further includes a fluid transfer assembly 65 between the vessel 12 and the connection assembly 48, for hydraulically connecting the manifolds 30 of the reservoir 14 to the connection assembly 48.
  • the carrier structure 60 comprises a light perforated lattice 66 defining interior spaces 68 for circulating water of large volume, so that the carrier structure 60 is substantially transparent to the agitation of the body of water 14 and especially to the swell.
  • the structure 60 and its mesh 66 are of elongate shape along an axis YY 'substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis XX' of the ship 12 when the ship 12 is docked on the platform 42.
  • the mesh 66 has a substantially constant horizontal section over its entire height.
  • the horizontal section is of polygonal outline.
  • the height of the mesh 66 is moreover substantially constant.
  • the mesh 66 comprises a plurality of vertical beams 70, a plurality of horizontal uprights 72 connecting the beams 70 to define elementary meshes 73 parallelepipeds and a plurality of oblique crosspieces 74 each connecting a beam 70 to a post 72 through a mesh 73.
  • the beams 70, the uprights 72 and the sleepers 74 are all made of hollow metal tubes assembled together. These tubes have a small maximum diameter, so that the perimeter of the carrier structure 60, projected in a horizontal plane is greater than at least 50 times the maximum diameter of the tubes forming the beams 70, the uprights 72 and the cross members 74.
  • the cavities delimited within the hollow tubes are separated from the water circulation spaces 68 by the sealed walls forming the tubes.
  • the carrier structure 60 floats spontaneously away from the bottom when immersed in the body of water 14, having at least one upper region of non-zero height which protrudes above the surface of the body. water body 14.
  • the beams 70 have a larger diameter than the cross-members 74, which cross-members 74 have a larger diameter than the uprights 72.
  • the beams 70 are distributed along the contour of the carrier structure 60 and along the central axis YY 'within the carrier structure 60.
  • the diameter of the beams 70 is of the order of 2 m (about 80 inches) , and between 1 m and 4 m and their height, which defines the constant height of the structure 60 is of the order of 24 m and between 15 m and 30 m.
  • the posts 72 connect the beams 70 perpendicularly to the axis of the structure 60. They have a diameter of the order of 0.6 m (24 inches) and between 0.3 m and 0.9 m.
  • the sleepers 74 have a diameter between 0.6 m and 0.9 m (between 30 and 50 inches).
  • the weight of the structure is generally of the order of 3200 tons to be less than 5% of the maximum weight of the ship 12.
  • the trellis 66 of the structure 60 thus defines, according to its outer envelope, an upstream vertical surface 80 for docking the ship, a downstream vertical surface 82, opposite to the upstream surface 80 and extending facing the platform 40, a horizontal upper surface 84 for supporting the transfer assembly 65, and a lower surface 86 extending facing the bottom 20 of the body of water, away from this bottom 20.
  • the platform 40 extends facing a median portion of the opposite surface 82, away from it.
  • the distance between the surface 82 of the platform 40 is between 15 m and 30 m.
  • the structure 60 further defines two substantially transverse vertical end surfaces 88, 90 connecting the upstream and downstream surfaces 80, 82 to the longitudinal ends of the supporting structure 60.
  • the structure 60 thus defines, within the envelope between the surfaces 80 to 90, an overall volume which is the sum of the volume of the tubes forming the lattice 60 and the volume of the internal spaces 68 delimited between the tubes.
  • the interior spaces 68 are defined between the tubes forming the lattice 66. They open out from the supporting structure 60 through the surfaces 80 to 90 to allow the circulation of water through the structure 60, making the structure 60 transparent to the swell.
  • the ratio of the volume occupied by the interior spaces 68 to the sum of the volume of the interior spaces 68 and the volume occupied by the tubes forming the trellis 66 is greater than 0.9 .
  • this ratio is between 0.95 and 0.99.
  • the carrier structure 60 is highly perforated, so that it offers locally in all points of the structure 60, a small surface in contact with the water per unit volume, and a large space for the circulation of water through the structure.
  • the structure 60 When the structure 60 is disposed in the body of water 14, it floats in the body of water 14 by being immersed substantially at mid-height.
  • the upper surface 84 is thus disposed above the surface of the body of water.
  • the fastening pads 62 of the mooring lines 28 are arranged on the upper surface 84, along the vertical docking surface 80. They are distributed at the front, at the rear and in the middle of the structure 60.
  • the anchor lines 64 are distributed around the structure 60 to limit its movement in a horizontal plane.
  • the floating dock 42 comprises two pairs of anchor lines 64 extending outwardly of the structure 60, in opposite axial directions, each pair extending from the vertical docking surface 80 and the the opposite vertical surface 82.
  • Each line 64 comprises an anchoring means 92, fixed in the bottom 20 of the body of water 14, and a joint link 94 connecting the anchoring means 92 to a tube of the mesh 66.
  • the composite link 94 comprises a combination of a chain and a cable forming a catenary.
  • the composite link 94 has, at rest, a relaxed form in J. It is likely to stretch linearly during a displacement of the supporting structure 60, in particular during the docking of the ship along the surface 80.
  • the carrier structure 60 is displaceable locally horizontally on a limited stroke around a central rest position.
  • This race is for example between 15 m and 30 m from the perimeter of the structure 60 in its rest position.
  • the tusks 63 are fixed on the mesh 66 along the vertical docking surface 80. They are intended to be interposed between the lateral edge 24 of the ship 12 and the supporting structure 60, when the ship is moored on the structure 60.
  • the structure 60 comprises two parallel sets of tusks 63 placed at different heights on the surface 80.
  • the structure 60 comprises, for example, a first series of horizontal defenses 63 and a second series of vertical defenses 63.
  • the fluid transfer assembly 65 is mounted on the upper surface 84 of the carrier structure 60. It comprises, from upstream to downstream, a ship connection station 100 located in the vicinity of the docking surface 80, and a station 102 for connection to the platform, located in the vicinity of the opposite surface 82.
  • the ship connection station 100 comprises upstream flexible connecting pipes 104 to the ship, a fixed gantry 106 for supporting the lines 104 and a mobile gantry 108 for moving the lines 104 to the ship 12.
  • the pipes 104 are formed by transport hoses, flexible over substantially their entire length.
  • Each duct 104 extends between a fixed end secured to the fixed gantry 108 and a movable free end 110 provided with a connecting piece to a connector 32, and an emergency disconnect valve.
  • the upstream flexible pipes 104 are hydraulically connected to the connection station 102 through the fixed gantry 106.
  • the mobile gantry 108 is movable relative to the fixed gantry 106 to the outside of the ship between a retracted position on the upper surface 84, and a laterally projecting position outside the upper surface 84.
  • the gantry 108 is provided, for each pipe 104, with a winch 112 for suspending the free end 110 of the flexible pipe 104.
  • the pipe 104 then extends in a chain between its fixed end and its free end 110 in a vertical plane substantially perpendicular to the axis YY '.
  • the pipe 104 is thus movable in this plane between a recessed position, in which the free end 110 extends facing the upper surface 84, and a connection position to the ship 12, in which the free end 110 makes protruding away from the surface 84 beyond the surface 80 opposite the body of water 14.
  • the station 102 includes a manifold 120 attached to the upper surface 84, and downstream flexible pipes 122 connecting the manifold 120 to the connection assembly 48 on the platform 40.
  • the collector 120 is hydraulically connected upstream to the upstream flexible pipes 104, and downstream to the downstream flexible pipes 122.
  • the downstream flexible pipes 122 are flexible over substantially their entire length. They are hanged in a chain between the connection assembly 48 and the collector 120, opposite the intermediate space 124 which is exposed downwards, extending above the water body 14 between the floating dock 42 and the fixed platform 40. They extend in a vertical plane substantially perpendicular to the axis YY ', substantially in the extension of the upstream flexible pipes 104.
  • Each duct 122 is provided with an emergency disconnection device 126 disposed opposite the space 124 to separate the duct 122 into an integral upstream section of the platform 42 and free with respect to the platform 40, and an integral downstream section. platform 40 and free from dock 42.
  • the transfer assembly 65 located on the carrier structure 60, and the connection assembly 48 located on the fixed platform thus form, when connected together, a fluid conveying device between the vessel 12 and the conduit of transport 34.
  • the floating dock 42 is maintained anchored in the bottom 20 of the body of water 14 via the anchor lines 64.
  • the fixed platform 40 s then extends opposite the opposite vertical surface 82 of the supporting structure 60, substantially in the middle of this surface 82.
  • the downstream flexible pipes 122 hydraulically connect the connection station 102 on the supporting structure 60 to the connection assembly 48 on the platform 40.
  • the mobile gantry 108 is placed in its retracted position to maintain the free ends 110 of the upstream flexible pipes 104 opposite the upper surface 84.
  • the mesh 66 of the supporting structure 60 is light and very perforated, so it is insensitive to the agitation of the body of water 14 at the surface or depth resulting from the swell or currents.
  • the water of the expanse 14 thus circulates almost freely through the interior spaces 68.
  • the floating dock 42 is therefore able to withstand extreme difficult conditions, in particular a swell with a vertical amplitude greater than 6 meters.
  • the ship 12 approaches the floating dock 42 with a view to its docking, as visible on the Figure 1 .
  • the lateral edge 24 of the ship is brought opposite the vertical docking surface 80 by aligning the axis X-X 'of the ship 12 parallel to the axis YY' of the supporting structure 60.
  • the carrying structure 60 is anchored in the bottom 20 of the body of water by flexible lines 64, it is likely to move slightly from its rest position to the fixed platform 40 during the docking of the ship, by tension flexible lines 64 fixed on the docking surface 80. This allows the ship 12 to dock with a speed of between 0.3 m / s and 1 m / s without causing damage to the transfer installation 16, while by allowing damping of the docking shock.
  • the ship 12 is then secured to the carrier structure 60 and moves together with it under the effect of the agitation of the body of water.
  • the carrier structure 60 has a negligible mass compared to that of the ship 12, and a low local interaction with the water circulating in the interior spaces 68, it has a very low inertia compared to that of the ship 12, which which strongly limits the tensions exerted on the mooring lines 28 and the fixing studs 62.
  • the ship 12 is kept substantially fixed in position relative to the platform 40 by means of the supporting structure 60 and anchor lines 64.
  • the flexible anchoring lines 64 take just the forces due to the movement local ship 12, the inertia of the carrier structure 60 being negligible. Lines 64 do not therefore need to be dimensioned for considerable effort.
  • the removable connectors 32 are attached to the free end of the manifolds 30 to protrude beyond the side edge 24 of the vessel to the supporting structure 60.
  • the mobile gantry 108 is then moved from its retracted position to its extended position to bring the free end 110 of each upstream flexible pipe 104 into contact with a connector 32 to connect them.
  • a continuous passage of fluid circulation is then achieved. This passage extends from upstream to downstream, successively in the manifold 30 and the coupling 32, in the upstream flexible pipe 104, in the gantry 106, in the manifold 120, in the downstream flexible pipe 122, in the assembly of connection 48, then in the cryogenic conduit 34.
  • the liquefied fluid contained in the reservoir 26 is then discharged through this circulation passage, from the vessel 12, through the transfer assembly 65 located on the floating dock 42, through the connection assembly 38 on the platform 40 , and through the conduit 34, to the terminal 18.
  • the emergency disconnection valves on the upstream flexible pipe 104 or on the downstream flexible pipe 122 are disconnectable, which avoids accidentally discharging fluid on the vessel 12, on the floating dock 42, or on the platform 40.
  • the second transport assembly 140 according to the invention differs from the first set 10 by the arrangement of the transfer installation 16.
  • the fixed platform 40 is placed in the axial extension of the floating dock 42, facing an end surface 90 of this dock.
  • the downstream flexible pipes 122 are therefore parallel to the axis YY 'of the platform 42, perpendicular to the axis of the upstream flexible pipes 104.
  • the operation of the assembly 140 is moreover analogous to that of the assembly 10.
  • the third transport assembly 150 differs from the first set in that the transfer facility 16 is devoid of a fixed platform 40.
  • the transport duct 34 comprises a substantially rigid section 152 immersed, and a rising flexible section 156.
  • the submerged section 152 connects the terminal 18 to the coast at a point 154 on the bottom 20 located in the vicinity of the carrier structure 60.
  • the flexible section 156 is fixed on the structure 60 at its upstream connecting end 59. It has an S-shaped configuration.
  • the supporting structure 60 carries the connection assembly 48 which is connected to the connecting end 59.
  • the fourth transport assembly 160 differs from the third assembly 150 in that the rigid section 152 of the transport duct 34 is connected to a reservoir 162 situated on a platform 164 situated at sea and fixed on the seabed by pillars 166.
  • the ratio of the volume of the interior spaces to the sum of the volume of the perforated lattice and the volume of the interior spaces is not specified and can be less than 0.9.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Anlage (16) zur Übertragung eines Fluids zwischen einem Transportschiff (12) und einem Fluid-Vorratsbehälter auf einer starren Struktur (18) der Bauart, die umfasst:
    - eine Leitung (34) für den Transport des Fluids zu der starren Struktur (18), die mindestens teilweise in eine Wasserfläche (14) eingetaucht ist;
    - eine Vorrichtung (65, 48) zur Beförderung von Fluid zwischen dem Schiff (12) und der Transportleitung (34), die an ein Anschlussende (59) der Transportleitung (34) angeschlossen ist, und
    - eine schwimmende Anlegestelle (42) des Schiffs (12), die sich in der Nähe des Anschlussendes (59) befindet und lokal in der Wasserfläche (14) bewegbar ist, wobei die schwimmende Anlegestelle (42) umfasst:
    • eine tragende Struktur (60), die dazu bestimmt ist, teilweise in die Wasserfläche (14) eingetaucht zu sein, wobei die tragende Struktur (60) ein durchbrochenes Gitternetz (66) umfasst, das Wasserzirkulations-Innenräume (68) begrenzt, die dazu bestimmt sind, in die Wasserfläche (14) zu münden,
    • elastische Leinen (64) zur Verankerung der Struktur auf dem Boden (20) der Wasserfläche (14),
    • Mittel (62) zur Befestigung der Vertäuleinen (28) des Schiffs an der tragenden Struktur (60),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis des Volumens der Innenräume (68) zur Summe des Volumens des durchbrochenen Gitternetzes (66) und des Volumens der Innenräume (68) größer als 0,9 ist.
  2. Anlage (16) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beförderungsvorrichtung (65, 48) eine Fluidübertragungsgruppe (65) umfasst, die auf dem durchbrochenen Gitternetz (66) montiert ist, wobei die Übertragungsgruppe (65) mindestens eine oberstromige flexible Fluidübertragungsleitung (104) umfasst, die dazu bestimmt ist, mit dem Schiff (12) verbunden zu sein.
  3. Anlage (16) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine starre Trägerplattform (40) umfasst, die mindestens einen am Boden der Wasserfläche (141) befestigten Pfeiler (46) umfasst, wobei die Beförderungsvorrichtung (65, 48) eine Verbindungsgruppe (48) zur Transportleitung (34) umfasst, die von der Trägerplattform (40) getragen wird, wobei das Anschlussende (59) der Transportleitung (34) mit der Anschlussgruppe (48) auf der Trägerplattform (40) verbunden ist.
  4. Anlage (16) nach Anspruch 3, herangezogen in Kombination mit Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Übertragungsgruppe (65) mindestens eine unterstromige flexible Fluidübertragungsleitung (122) umfasst, die dazu bestimmt ist, mit der Anschlussgruppe (48) auf der Trägerplattform (40) verbunden zu sein.
  5. Anlage (16) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trägerplattform (40) und die tragende Struktur (60) miteinander einen Zwischenraum (124) begrenzen, wobei die oder jede unterstromige flexible Leitung (122) mit Notfalllösemitteln (126) ausgestattet ist, die sich gegenüber dem Zwischenraum erstrecken.
  6. Anlage (16) nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die tragende Struktur (60) eine längliche Form gemäß einer Achse (Y-Y') aufweist, die eine seitliche Anlegefläche (80) des Schiffs begrenzt und eine gegenüberliegende seitliche Fläche (82), wobei sich die seitlichen Flächen (80, 82) zwischen zwei Enden der tragenden Struktur (60) erstrecken, wobei die Trägerplattform (40) gegenüber der gegenüberliegenden Fläche (82) zwischen den Enden oder in axialer Verlängerung der tragenden Struktur (60) gegenüber einem der Enden angeordnet ist.
  7. Anlage nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beförderungsvorrichtung (65, 48) eine Anschlussgruppe (48) an die Transportleitung (34) umfasst, die von der tragenden Struktur (60) getragen wird, wobei das Anschlussende (59) der Transportleitung (34) mit der Anschlussgruppe (48) auf der tragenden Struktur (60) verbunden ist.
  8. Anlage (16) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die oder jede oberstromige flexible Leitung (104) imstande ist, mindestens teilweise beabstandet von der tragenden Struktur (60) in Richtung Schiff (12) hervorzustehen, wobei die oder jede oberstromige flexible Leitung (104) mit Notfalllösemitteln ausgestattet ist.
  9. Anlage (16) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis des Volumens der Innenräume (68) zur Summe des Volumens des durchbrochenen Gitternetzes (66) und des Volumens der Innenräume (68) zwischen 0,95 und 0,99 inklusive ist.
  10. Anlage (16) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das durchbrochene Gitternetz eine Vielzahl röhrenförmiger Balken (70, 72, 74) umfasst, die miteinander verbunden sind, wobei der Umfang der tragenden Struktur (60), als Abbild in horizontaler Ebene herangezogen, größer ist als mindestens fünfzig Mal der maximale Durchmesser der Balken (70, 72, 74).
  11. Anlage nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gitternetz einen über seine gesamte Höhe etwa konstanten horizontalen Querschnitt aufweist.
  12. Gruppe (10; 140) zum Transport eines Fluids, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie umfasst:
    - ein Schiff (12) für den Transport des Fluids, und
    - eine Anlage (16) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Schiff (12) an der schwimmenden Anlegestelle (42) mit Hilfe von Vertäuleinen (28) vertäut ist, die an Befestigungsmitteln der Vertäuleinen (62) befestigt sind, damit das Schiff (12) sich vertikal gemeinsam mit der schwimmenden Anlegestelle (42) bewegt.
  13. Gruppe (10; 140) nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gewicht der tragenden Struktur (60) kleiner als 5 % des Gewichts des Schiffs (12) ist.
  14. Gruppe (10; 140) nach einem der Ansprüche 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anlage (16) eine einzige schwimmende Anlegestelle (42) des Schiffs (12) umfasst, wobei das Schiff (12) ausschließlich an der einzigen schwimmenden Anlegestele (42) vertäut ist.
  15. Verfahren zur Übertragung eines Fluids in eine Transportgruppe (10; 140) nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    - Verschiebung des Schiffs (12) in Richtung der schwimmenden Anlegestelle (42), um es gegenüber einer Anlegefläche (80) der tragenden Struktur (60) anlegen zu lassen,
    - Platzierung von Vertäuleinen (28), um das Schiff (12) und die tragende Struktur (60) zu verbinden, wobei die tragende Struktur (60) dann vertikal gemeinsam mit dem Schiff verschiebbar ist,
    - hydraulische Verbindung zwischen einem von dem Schiff (12) getragenen Fluid-Vorratsbehälter (26) und dem Anschlussende der Transportleitung (34) über die Beförderungsvorrichtung (65, 48) durch oder über die schwimmende Anlegestelle (42),
    - Übertragung des Fluids zwischen dem Schiff (12) und der Leitung zum Transport des Fluids (34).
EP20080834750 2007-09-12 2008-09-05 Anlage zur übertragung einer flüssigkeit zwischen einem tanker und einer fest installierten struktur Not-in-force EP2195232B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0757527A FR2920753B1 (fr) 2007-09-12 2007-09-12 Installation de transfert d'un fluide entre un navire de transport et une structure fixe
PCT/FR2008/051586 WO2009044052A2 (fr) 2007-09-12 2008-09-05 Installation de transfert d'un fluide entre un navire de transport et une structure fixe

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EP2195232B1 true EP2195232B1 (de) 2012-02-15

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AU (1) AU2008306796B2 (de)
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ES (1) ES2380513T3 (de)
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FR2967990B1 (fr) * 2010-11-30 2014-11-28 Saipem Sa Support installe en mer equipe d'un dispositif de connexion et de vannes utile pour la purge de conduites flexibles
EP2789531B1 (de) * 2013-04-08 2016-03-16 IMPaC Offshore Engineering GmbH Schwimmende lng- und/oder lpg-produktions-, speicher- und verladeplattform
CN104554689B (zh) * 2015-02-03 2016-09-28 重庆燃气集团股份有限公司 一种向趸船供应天然气的方法
CN108290622B (zh) * 2015-12-30 2020-07-17 现代重工业株式会社 液化气体运输船
CN109854574A (zh) * 2017-11-30 2019-06-07 付景满 一种流体导流系统
WO2020095084A1 (en) * 2018-11-06 2020-05-14 Total Sa Floating fluid loading/offloading structure moored in a body of water, related installation, method and process
FR3095187B1 (fr) 2019-04-17 2022-08-12 Technip France Système de chargement et de déchargement de fluide, installation et procédé associés
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AU2008306796A1 (en) 2009-04-09
EP2195232A2 (de) 2010-06-16
ATE545577T1 (de) 2012-03-15
BRPI0816853A2 (pt) 2015-03-17
US8590472B2 (en) 2013-11-26
WO2009044052A3 (fr) 2009-11-05
FR2920753A1 (fr) 2009-03-13
WO2009044052A2 (fr) 2009-04-09
AU2008306796B2 (en) 2012-03-01
US20100300545A1 (en) 2010-12-02
FR2920753B1 (fr) 2010-11-19
ES2380513T3 (es) 2012-05-14

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