EP2195140B1 - Polishing machine for lenses and method for polishing a lens using a machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

A polishing machine for lenses with at least one first polishing spindle having a polishing axis (K) and a tool holder disposed on the first polishing spindle for a first polishing disc designed as a tool, further comprising at least one first workpiece spindle having a rotary axis (C) and a workpiece holder disposed on the first workpiece spindle for a lens, wherein the workpiece holder and the tool holder are disposed so as to be movable in translation in the direction of a telescoping axis (Z) disposed parallel to the polishing axis (K) and in the direction of a translation axis (X) disposed at right angles to the rotary axis (C). The polishing machine further has at least one first tool changer for changing the tool and a working chamber formed of at least one wall spatially limiting a spray of polishing medium during processing, wherein at least the workpiece holder and the tool holder are disposed within the working chamber, wherein the first tool changer is disposed at least partially within the working chamber during operation.

Description

The invention relates to a polishing machine for lenses, comprising at least a first polishing spindle with a polishing axis K and arranged on the polishing spindle tool holder for a trained as a tool first polishing plate, further comprising at least a first workpiece spindle with a rotation axis C and arranged on the workpiece spindle Workpiece holder, wherein the first workpiece spindle has a parallel to the polishing spindle alignable rotation axis C, wherein the workpiece holder and the tool holder in the direction of a parallel to the polishing axis K arranged telescopic axis Z and in the direction of a right angle to the axis of rotation C arranged translation axis X are arranged relative to each other translationally movable, further comprising at least a first tool changer for changing the tool, further comprising a work space formed from at least one wall, which during the processing of a splashing vo n polishing material spatially limited, wherein at least the workpiece holder and the tool holder are arranged or positioned within the working space, and to a method for polishing a lens with a processing machine for lenses. The polishing plate is smaller than the lens because it is a zonal tool used to polish partial surfaces of the lens.

It is already a processing machine for lenses from the DE 10 2004 021 721 B3 known. The processing machine has two workpiece spindles and two workpiece changers, wherein the respective workpiece spindle has an axis of rotation and a pivot axis arranged at right angles to the axis of rotation. In addition, two polishing units, each with a polishing plate are provided, each having a bellows. The bellows has at the upper end an opening for receiving the respective workpiece spindle, the bellows sealingly sealing after immersion of the workpiece spindle or the workpiece drive in the polishing unit with the bellows. The respective bellows is open at the bottom, so that the polishing suspension can flow away.

By means of this sealing closure, the working space of the processing or polishing machine is limited within the meaning of the definition of working space according to the invention.

The tool changer is arranged outside of the working space in the part of the processing machine, which is sealed or sealed against the working space.

The foreclosure of the working space described above compared to the rest of the machine is particularly important in polishing machines of imminent importance, since the polishing emulsion after drying forms a very hard and solid coating that damages the soiled gear members with lack of sealing. Therefore, the part of the machine accessible to the emulsion is kept to a minimum in space.

The DE 100 29 967 A1 describes a device for machining optical components. The device has two side walls within which there is a gap extends, which forms a processing area. Furthermore, a tool changer is provided, which is arranged outside the processing area. The tool changer is moved to the machining area for tool change and the tool spindle to the tool changer. In any case, machining means turning and milling and possibly also grinding. For any of the above-mentioned machining operations, the use of a polishing agent or a polishing emulsion is possible or even useful, because all joint parts that are wetted with the polishing agent, caking with time. When machining coolant is supplied at best, which also serves to remove the removed material. Coolant has no setting properties.

The DE 101 06 659 A1 describes a lens polishing machine. For the purpose of limiting the working space, a hood is provided which ensures an overlapping partitioning of the working space. The hood is open at the bottom, so that the polishing agent can flow down into a common pan for both hoods. It is further described that for the purpose of tool change the gripper bar is arranged obliquely displaceable in the region of an opening of the tub and from below through the open bottom of the hood into the working space thus formed hineinverschiebbar. The tool changer is moved into the working space sealed off by the hood and is positioned outside of it during operation of the polishing machine. This is basically done so that the tool changer is not contaminated by polishing slurry.

The invention is based on the object, a polishing machine for lenses and a method for polishing lenses such form and arrange that a faster and more efficient tool and workpiece replacement is guaranteed despite the use of different tools.

The object is achieved according to the invention in that the first tool changer is at least partially disposed or positioned within the working space during operation of the polishing machine. Due to the working space, the spraying of polishing agent is spatially limited. Accordingly, the at least partially located in the working space tool changer is wetted during processing with polishing agent. With the arrangement of the tool changer within the working space of this, as well as the extent stationary tool spindle, is freely accessible to the user. Notwithstanding the known limitation of the working space to the immediate area around the workpiece and the tool around the working space according to the invention is further designed. This refinement allows the arrangement of the tool changer within the working space, so that both the workpiece spindle with the workpiece and the polishing spindle and the tool changer can be easily operated manually in the workspace directly. In the polishing machine known in the prior art, the polishing spindle and the tool are only mechanically accessible via an additional tool changer. Since the tool spindle is arranged stationary, all necessary for the tool change essential transport axes are on the side of the tool changer. These transport axes are the type and number reduced to a minimum, so that on the one hand, the structure of the tool changer and on the other hand, a partition against polishing are easily possible.

The object is also achieved by the inventive method, namely that a polishing plate G manually in the Polishing spindle is used, the lens is rough zonal polished over the polishing spindle by means of the polishing plate G, the polishing plate G is removed by means of the tool changer from the polishing spindle, a polishing plate F used by the tool changer in the polishing spindle and the lens on the polishing spindle by means of the polishing plate F finely zonal polished. The transport movement for the tool change is carried out by the tool changer. The polishing spindle remains stationary and completed for the tool change only a supporting axial movement in the direction of a telescopic axis Z.

According to the invention, at least one polishing plate, the polishing plate G, is manually changed or used for coarse processing. The selection of the polishing plate G takes place according to the type and shape of the lens to be polished. The to be used after rough polishing polishing plate F for finishing is automatically changed according to the invention. While the polishing plate G for rough machining the shape of the lens to be polished is selected, the polishing plate F for fine polishing processing for a plurality of lenses of different shape remains in the machine. The individual exchange of the polishing plate thus takes place only for the polishing plate G for rough machining.

This can also be advantageous in that the first tool changer has a holding part with a left tool gripper, wherein the left tool gripper is also arranged or positioned at least partially within the working space during operation, and that the holding part has at least one further right tool gripper, which also is disposed or positioned at least partially within the working space during operation. Of the Tool changer is arranged including its holding part and the two tool gripper within the working space so that it is easily and quickly accessible manually immediately after completion of the polishing process or before the start of the polishing process. Depending on the type of training of the tool changer this is not only partially, but completely arranged within the working space. In the case of the inventively embodied partial arrangement of the tool changer within the working space, drive motors or drive transmission elements for the tool changer or for the holding part are preferably arranged outside the working space and extend via corresponding sealing means into the working space to the holding part or tool gripper.

Furthermore, it may be advantageous that the first tool changer has a pivot axis S arranged parallel to the polishing axis K and the tool changer with the tool gripper or at least the tool gripper around the pivot axis S at an angle β1 at least between a parking position PP and a position PW1 in the region of Tool holder is pivotable. The pivot axis S for itself represents a simple machine axis, via which the tool gripper can be pivoted by the angle β1.

It may also be advantageous that the tool changer with the tool gripper about the pivot axis S is preferably pivotable in the opposite direction by an angle β2 between the parking position PP and a position PW2 in the region of the tool holder. The tool gripper is constructed symmetrically and can be pivoted counterclockwise in addition to the aforementioned pivoting by the angle β1 in the clockwise direction by the angle β2, so that by means of a tool-changeless Both tools for tool holder or can be transported away from the tool holder in a simple way. The transport movement of the tool gripper is limited to a minimum, because it takes place substantially only about the pivot axis S, so that the respective holding part can be positioned. There are also only two holding parts provided. The transport movement is supplemented only by an axial stroke movement in the direction of a lifting axis W. Thus, the tool gripper can be arranged within the working space, without an excessive expansion of the working space would be necessary.

It can be advantageously provided that the first tool changer has a parallel to the pivot axis S or parallel to the polishing axis K arranged lifting axis W and at least the holding part with the tool gripper at least between a polishing pad receiving position PA and the polishing plate from the tool holder releasing position PF in Direction of the lifting axis W is movable. By means of the lifting axis W, which is superimposed on the pivot axis S, the polishing plate can be easily placed on the polishing receptacle or removed from the tool receptacle. This lifting movement is usually a vertical lifting or lowering movement. For this purpose, the tool gripper engages in a circumferential groove provided on the polishing plate so that it is positively connected to the polishing plate with respect to the lifting movement and can remove and place the polishing plate counter to a latching force between the polishing plate and the tool holder.

Of particular importance it may be for the present invention that the tool holder is tiltably mounted on the first polishing spindle via a ball joint in the region of a tilt angle α and the tool holder on the Teleskopachse Z at least between a Verkippbewegung to the Verkippwinkel α-releasing and the polishing process ensuring position PO and the tilting movement to the Verkippwinkel α at least partially limiting position PB is movable. The bearing via the ball joint ensures the required relative to the polishing relative movement between the polishing plate and the workpiece or lens surface. For changing the polishing plate, however, a largely fixed position of the polishing plate is necessary. The inventive position PB ensures a sufficient restriction of the tilt angle, so that the polishing plate on the tool gripper or the holding part is automatically accessible or einharkbar. The tilting movement of the polishing plate around the ball joint brings vertical motion components of the polishing plate with it. In the position PB according to the invention these vertical motion components are no longer present due to the retracting telescopic movement of the lifting axis, so that as a result the tilt angle α is correspondingly limited.

In connection with the design and arrangement according to the invention may be advantageous that in the position PB of the tool holder the ball joint with respect to the tilt angle α is limited at least to a tilt angle or angle of maximum 5 ° or 10 °. The inventive reduction of the tilt angle ensures the intervention of the tool changer or the respective tool gripper in the designated groove of the polishing plate.

It can also be advantageous that the polishing spindle has a rotatably driven, in a housing about the polishing axis K rotatably mounted sleeve and the tool holder is coupled via a bellows with the sleeve at least rotationally elastic, wherein the tool holder in the position PB indirectly via the bellows against the sleeve and / or the housing can be applied in such a way that the tilt angle α and the tilting movement is at least partially limited or limited. The arranged on the sleeve bellows, which connects the quill with the polishing plate is used according to the invention as an abutment element for the polishing plate in order to restrict its freedom regarding the Verkippwinkel α. In the position PB, the quill is retracted, so that the bellows is correspondingly contracted or compressed and so far has only a very low elasticity. The quill or the bellows with the above-described reduced elasticity forms the stop or contact element for the tool holder, so that it is limited in terms of the tilt angle α in the freedom of movement to the aforementioned size. The remaining freedom of movement of the remaining tilt angle is ensured by the remaining elasticity of the bellows. This thus forms an elastic return element for the tool holder with respect to the remaining tilt angle α. The quill forms, so to speak, the fixed final deflection, which limits the remaining tilt angle α.

In addition, it may be advantageous for the workpiece spindle to be mounted so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis B arranged at a right angle to the axis of rotation C. The pivoting about the pivot axis B brings a superimposed pivoting movement to the tilting movement of the polishing plate on the ball joint with it. Depending on the size of the ball joint-side tilting movement of the polishing plate, the workpiece spindle-side pivot axis B is additionally provided.

In addition, it may be advantageous that at least a second workpiece spindle and a second polishing spindle in the same design and arrangement as the first workpiece spindle and the polishing spindle are arranged in the working space. Furthermore, it may be advantageous for the second workpiece spindle and the second polishing spindle to be arranged offset in the direction of the translation axis X relative to the first workpiece spindle and the first polishing spindle. By using a second pair of spindles, the lenses can be machined in pairs. It may be advantageous that a second tool changer is provided which is associated with the second polishing spindle.

Finally, it may be advantageous that the working space is limited by a bottom wall, a plurality of side walls and a ceiling, wherein the workpiece spindle at least partially through a wall or an opening in the wall and / or through the ceiling or an opening in the Ceiling extends into the workroom. When the working space is cylindrical or oval, the side walls merge into a cylinder wall. The same applies in the case of the spherical or partially spherical design for the ceiling and / or the bottom wall. The workpiece spindle according to the invention does not extend completely into the working space, so that the sealing measures necessary for sealing off the spindle and, in particular, the spindle drives are limited in order to prevent contamination by polishing agents. The same applies to the respective polishing spindle and the respective tool changer. At least the motor drives for the polishing spindles are arranged outside of the working space, so that they do not have to be individually or separately sealed against polishing agent.

It can also be advantageous for this purpose that a flexibly formed sealing sleeve is provided on the workpiece spindle and the sealing sleeve on the wall and / or the ceiling connected. During the polishing process a proportional rotational relative movement between the workpiece spindle and the polishing spindle is necessary. This results in a rotational relative movement between the workpiece spindle and the fixed walls or the ceiling of the working space fixed. On the one hand the previously described relative movement and the other hand, the tightness of the working space is ensured in the region of the passage for the workpiece spindle, a sealing sleeve according to the invention is preferably provided of elastic material such as rubber.

Moreover, it may be advantageous that a guideway is provided, over which at least a part of the wall and / or the ceiling is guided relative to the polishing axis K in a direction perpendicular to the polishing axis K slidably. So that larger travel paths of the workpiece spindle relative to the work space or to its wall or ceiling can be ensured, a part of the ceiling or wall is slidably disposed on the guideway according to the invention. In a translational movement of the workpiece spindle or a pivoting movement with translational component of the corresponding part of the ceiling or wall along the guide track is carried, so that the remaining for the sealing sleeve motion component is significantly reduced. Thus, the longevity of the sealing sleeve is guaranteed due to the many movement cycles.

In addition, it may be advantageous that the wall and / or the ceiling is at least partially flexible or elastic. In addition to a displaceable arrangement of the ceiling or wall in the region of the workpiece spindle, this can also be correspondingly flexible in the form of a bellows or also complementary elastic, so that the relative movement between the workpiece spindle and the corresponding part of the ceiling or wall is ensured.

According to the inventive method, it may be provided that the polishing plate F is removed from the polishing spindle by means of the tool changer and the polishing plate G is inserted into the polishing spindle by means of the tool changer.

The method according to the invention can further provide that the polishing plate G arranged in the polishing spindle is manually changed for the next lens to be polished, and then the lens is polished according to the invention.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Poliermaschine;

Figur 2

eine perspektivische Darstellung der Poliermaschine mit Arbeitsraum;

Figur 3a

eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Polierspindel und des Werkzeugwechslers;

Figur 3b

eine skizzierte Darstellung der beiden Positionen des Werkstückwechslers;

Figur 4a

eine Darstellung gemäß Figur 3a in der anderen Position des Werkzeugwechslers;

Figur 4b

die skizzierte Darstellung der beiden Positionen des Werkzeugwechslers;

Figur 5a

die skizzierte Darstellung der Polierspindel mit der Werkzeugaufnahme und dem Polierteller in der Position PO;

Figur 5b

die skizzierte Darstellung nach Figur 5a mit der Werkzeugaufnahme in der Position PB;

Figur 6

die skizzierte Darstellung der Polierspindel mit dem Werkzeugwechsler in seinen Positionen PF und PA.

Further advantages and details of the invention are explained in the patent claims and in the description and illustrated in the figures. Show it:

FIG. 1

a perspective view of a polishing machine;

FIG. 2

a perspective view of the polishing machine with working space;

FIG. 3a

a perspective view of a polishing spindle and the tool changer;

FIG. 3b

a sketched representation of the two positions of the workpiece changer;

FIG. 4a

a representation according to FIG. 3a in the other position of the tool changer;

FIG. 4b

the sketched representation of the two positions of the tool changer;

FIG. 5a

the outline of the polishing spindle with the tool holder and the polishing plate in the position PO;

FIG. 5b

the outlined representation after FIG. 5a with the tool holder in the position PB;

FIG. 6

the sketched representation of the polishing spindle with the tool changer in its positions PF and PA.

An in FIG. 1 shown polishing machine 1 has two workpiece spindles 2, 2 ', which at its respective lower end face a workpiece holder 2.1, 2.1', which is about a rotational axis C, C 'driven to rotate. At the respective polishing spindle 2, 2 ', a workpiece or a lens 7, 7' is arranged above the workpiece holder 2.1, 2.1 '. The respective workpiece spindle 2, 2 ', opposite to the workpiece holder 2.1, 2.1', has a drive wheel 2.2, 2.2 ', which can be connected to a respective drive motor 2.3, 2.3' via traction means (not shown). The respective spindle 2, 2 'and the respective motor 2.3, 2.3' are coupled via a spindle frame 2.4, 2.4 'or fixedly arranged on this. The respective spindle frame 2.4, 2.4 'is pivotally mounted about a pivot bearing 2.5 about a pivot axis B on a carriage 1.1 of the polishing machine 1. The carriage 1.1 is translationally movable to the right and left in the direction of a translation axis X extending at right angles to the pivot axis B. The carriage 1.1 sits on a base 1.2 of the polishing machine. 1

In addition, two polishing spindles 3, 3 'with the associated motors 3.8, 3.8' and two tool changer 4, 4 'are provided. Both the polishing spindles 3, 3 'and their motors 3.8, 3.8 'and the two tool changers 4, 4' are arranged on the base 1.2 of the polishing machine 1.

The polishing spindle 3, 3 'is stationary or stationary and has at its upper end a tool holder 3.1, 3.1', which is adjustable via a telescopic axis Z in the vertical direction parallel to the respective axis of rotation C, C 'of the workpiece spindle 2, 2' , Furthermore, the respective polishing spindle 3, 3 'on a polishing axis K, K', around which the tool holder 3.1, 3.1 'is rotatable. At the tool holder 3.1, 3.1 'opposite side, a drive wheel 3.9, 3.9' is provided, which is connectable via a not shown traction means with the motor 3.8, 3.8 '.

The tool holder 3.1, 3.1 'is a reciprocating piston or piston 3.7a and a bellows 3.6, 3.6' with a Polierpinole 3.4, 3.4 'according to FIG. 5 connected. The bellows 3.6, 3.6 'represents the articulated and torsionally elastic connection between the sleeve 3.4 and the tool holder 3.1, 3.1'.

The respective tool changer 4, 4 'in each case has a lifting axis W, W' and a pivot axis S, S '. At the upper end face, the tool changer 4, 4 'has a holding part 4.3, 4.3', which has a left and a right tool gripper 4.1, 4.2. The holding part 4.3, 4.3 'is about the pivot axis S in both clockwise and counterclockwise according to FIG. 3b and FIG. 4 pivotable. In addition, the holding part 4.3, 4.3 'on the lifting axis W in the vertical direction relative to the polishing spindle 3, 3' and relative to the workpiece holder 3.1, 3.1 'adjustable.

In FIG. 2 is the essential part of a working space 5 and the working space 5 forming side walls 5.2 - 5.5 as well a bottom wall 5.1 and a ceiling 5.6 shown. The front side wall 5.5 has an access opening 5.8, which can be closed by an inwardly pivotable flap 5.9. The ceiling 5.6 or the ceiling element is displaceable within a guideway 5.7 to the right and left, so that the ceiling 5.6 can translate with a translational transverse displacement of the respective spindle 3.3 'according to the degree of freedom within the guideway also to the right and left translationally. The respective spindle 3, 3 'is sealingly connected to the ceiling element 5.6 via a flexible sealing sleeve 6, 6'. The sealing sleeve 6, 6 'is designed to be elastic or flexible, so that the respective spindle 3, 3' relative to the ceiling element 5.6 can in particular perform pivoting movements, ie rotational movement components. The guideway 5.7 is straight in the area above the working space 5 and extends at both ends of the working space 5 in the region of the respective side wall 5.2, 5.3 arcuate upward, so that with a displacement of the ceiling element 5.6 to the right or left movement of a respective end face 5.6 'of the ceiling element 5.6 up or down within approximately vertically arranged end portions 5.7' of the guideway 5.7 is carried out. The working space 5 has within the bottom wall 5.1 on a drain for polishing agent, not shown. Within the working space 5 polishing agent is sprayed during processing.

In FIG. 3a the polishing spindle 3 and the first tool changer 4 are shown with the holding part 4.3 in the position PW1, PA. The tool changer 4 has a pivoting device 4.5, 4.5 'in the manner of a pivot spindle with a limited pivoting angle, at the upper end of a bellows 4.4 is provided, which is in operative connection with a pivot shaft 4.6. The pivot shaft 4.6 is at the pivot axis S between a parking position PP and the two positions PW1, PW2 on the tool pivotally and in the direction of the lifting axis W between the receiving position PA and the released position PF translationally vertically displaceable. About the pivot shaft 4.6 is the holding part 4.3 with the left tool gripper 4.1 directly with a polishing plate 3.2, which is located on the tool holder 3.1 of the polishing spindle 3, in engagement. The holding part 4.3 is in the change position PW1, ie the first change position on the polishing spindle 3 and at the same time in the position PA, ie in the lower position for receiving a polishing plate 3.3. Correspondingly, the tool holder 3.1 is in its lower position relative to a telescopic axis Z, the pivoting movement of the tool holder 3.1 blocking position PB.

Starting from the illustrated position PA in FIG. 3a raises the holding part 4.3 as shown in FIG FIG. 6 the polishing plate 3.3 by means of the engaged tool gripper 4.1 and thus solves this from the tool holder 3.1. Starting from this position PF, PW1, the holding part 4.3 then pivots about the pivot axis S into the parking position PP according to FIG FIG. 1 ,

FIG. 3b shows the position after FIG. 3a as a schematic diagram in the top view..The holding part 4.3 pivots between the change position PW1 of the left tool gripper 4.1 in the area of the polishing spindle 3 by the angle β1 in the parking position PP as shown in dashed lines and also in FIG. 1 to see. The left tool gripper 4.1 has an outer retaining lug 4.1 a, which is elastically deformable relative to the holding part 4.3, so that when pivoting the tool gripper 4.1 an elastic or biased gripping of the polishing plate 3.2 is guaranteed. The same applies to the right tool gripper 4.2.

FIG. 4a corresponds to that extent FIG. 3a , wherein the holding part 4.3 is in the change position PW2, so that the right-hand tool gripper 4.2 is positioned directly on the polishing spindle 3 in the receiving position PA. The right-hand tool gripper 4.2 engages the polishing plate 3.2 or engages behind it with a retaining nose 4.2a.

For the axial lifting of the respective polishing plate 3.3, the respective tool gripper 4.1 has an edge 4.1b which comes into abutment in a holding groove 3.3a of the respective polishing plate 3.3, so that in relation to the axial lifting or lifting movement a positive connection between the respective Tool gripper 4.1 or its retaining lug 4.1a and the polishing plate 3.3 or its retaining groove 3.3a results.

FIG. 5a the polishing spindle 3 is shown in section with a ball joint 3. 7, which is movable over the sleeve 3,4 along the telescopic axis Z and about the polishing axis K, as a schematic diagram. On the ball joint 3.7, the tool holder 3.1 is articulated. The torsionally elastic connection between the sleeve 3.4 and the tool holder 3.1 is ensured by the bellows 3.6. On the tool holder 3.1, the polishing plate 3.3 is clipped on corresponding latching elements 3.1a of the tool holder 3.1 from above. The tool holder 3.1 with the polishing plate 3.3 is as shown by dashed lines within the Verkippwinkels α on the ball joint 3.7 freely tilt or swivel.

The ball joint 3.7 is arranged on the end face of a reciprocating piston or piston 3.7a, wherein the piston 3.7a within the sleeve 3.4 in the direction of the telescopic axis Z is axially adjustable. This axial adjustment is a Rotational movement of the sleeve 3.4 superimposed within a housing 3.5. For this purpose, the sleeve 3.4 is rotatably mounted via bearings 3.5a within the housing 3.5. The sleeve 3.4 is sealed by a housing part 3.4a frontally. For this purpose, the housing part 3.4a has a circumferential sealing element 3.4b.

According to FIG. 5b are the piston 3.7a and the ball joint 3.7 and the tool holder 3.1 in the tilt angle α blocking position PB. The bellows 3.6 is contracted so that its elasticity is greatly reduced. Since the tool holder 3.1 is connected directly to the bellows 3.6 sealing and torsionally elastic, the freedom of movement of the tool holder 3.1 with respect to the ball joint 3.7 and the tilt angle α is limited by the now contracted and so far still limited elastic bellows 3.6 to a minimum. The bellows 3.6 forms due to its reduced elasticity an elastic return element with respect to the neutral or horizontal position of the tool holder 3.1 or the Verkippwinkels α, while the sleeve 3.4 forms the end rash.

According to FIG. 6 In addition to the polishing spindle 3, the tool changer 4 is shown as a schematic diagram. In this case, the holding part 4.3 is located in the position PA that receives the polishing plate 3.3 from the tool holder 3.1, ie moves vertically downwards in one direction. The tool gripper 4.1 stands in this case via its retaining lug 4.1a and the edge 4.1b FIG. 4a with the polishing plate 3.3 and its retaining groove 3.3a in engagement.

The tool changer 4 has the pivot shaft 4.6, about the bearing 4.7a within a housing 4.7 to the Swivel axis S is rotatably mounted. Within the pivot shaft 4.6 is a reciprocating piston or piston 4.8 in the direction of the lifting axis W translationally displaceable and rotationally fixed. The lifting movement of the holding part 4.3 between the polishing pad 3.3 of the polishing spindle 3 receiving position PA and the polishing plate 3.3 releasing position PF (shown in phantom) takes place via the piston 4.8. The pivoting movement between the parking position PP and the respective change position PW1, PW2 according to Figure 3b and FIG. 4b takes place through the pivot shaft 4.6. The piston 4.8 and the pivot shaft 4.6 are closed by a bellows 4.9 to the pivot shaft 4.6 toward sealing. The engagement or the Einharkbewegung of the tool gripper 4.1 in the retaining groove 3.3a by means of the retaining lug 4.1a carried by the pivotal movement of the pivot shaft 4.6 from the position PP in the position PW1 or PW2 about the pivot axis S.

The quill 3.4 of the polishing spindle 3 is sealingly closed over the housing part 3.4a relative to the polishing spindle 3.5. The same applies to the pivot shaft 4.6 of the tool changer 4. This is sealed via a housing part 4.6a relative to the changer housing 4.7. For this purpose, the housing part 4.6a has a circumferential sealing element 4.6b.

The axial movement of the polishing spindle 3 in the direction of the telescopic axis Z is effected by the piston 3.7a, while the rotational movement takes place through the sleeve 3.4.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

polisher

1.1

carriage

1.2

Base

2

first workpiece spindle

2 '

second workpiece spindle

2.1

Workpiece holder

2.1 '

Workpiece holder

2.2

drive wheel

2.2 '

drive wheel

2.3

engine

2.3 '

engine

2.4

spindle frame

2.4 '

spindle frame

2.5

pivot bearing

3

first polishing spindle

3 '

second polishing spindle

3.1

tool holder

3.1 '

tool holder

3.1a

locking element

3.2

Polishing plate, polishing plate G

3.3

Polishing plate, polishing plate F

3.3a

retaining groove

3.4

Pinole

3.4 '

Pinole

3.4a

housing part

3.4b

sealing element

3.5

casing

3.5a

camp

3.6

bellow

3.6 '

bellow

3.7

ball joint

3.7a

Piston, reciprocating piston

3.8

engine

3.8 '

engine

3.9

drive wheel

3.9 '

drive wheel

4

first tool changer

4 '

second tool changer

4.1

left tool gripper

4.1 '

left tool gripper

4.1a

retaining nose

4.1b

edge

4.2

right tool gripper

4.2a

retaining nose

4.3

holding part

4.3 '

holding part

4.4

bellows

4.5

Pivot means

4.5 '

Pivot means

4.6

pivot shaft

4.6a

housing part

4.6b

sealing element

4.7

casing

4.7a

camp

4.8

Piston, reciprocating piston

4.9

bellows

5

working space

5.1

bottom wall

5.2

Side wall

5.3

Side wall

5.4

Side wall

5.5

Side wall

5.6

Ceiling, ceiling element, wall

5.6 '

Ceiling, ceiling element, wall

5.7

guideway

5.7 '

guideway

5.8

access opening

5.9

flap

6

sealing sleeve

6 '

sealing sleeve

7

Workpiece, lens

7 '

Workpiece, lens

B

swivel axis

C

axis of rotation

C '

axis of rotation

K

polishing axis

K '

polishing axis

PA

position

PB

position

PF

position

PO

position

PP

parking position

PW1

change position

PW2

change position

S

swivel axis

S '

swivel axis

W

lifting axis

W '

lifting axis

X

translation axis

Z

telescopic axis

Z '

telescopic axis

α

skew angle

β1

angle

β2

angle

Claims (17)

1. Polishing machine (1) for lenses (7, 7') having at least a first polishing spindle (3) with a polishing axis K and with a tool holding fixture (3.1) for a first polishing disk (3.2), said tool holding fixture (3.1) being arranged on the first polishing spindle (3) and said first polishing disk (3.2) being designed as a tool, said polishing machine (1) further having at least a first workpiece spindle (2) with an axis of rotation C and with a workpiece holder (2.1) for a lens (7, 7'), said workpiece holder (2.1) being arranged on the first workpiece spindle (2), wherein the workpiece holder (2.1) and the tool holding fixture (3.1) are arranged in such a manner that they are translatorily movable relative to each other along a telescope axis Z arranged parallel to the polishing axis K and along an axis of translation X arranged orthogonal to the axis of rotation C, said polishing machine (1) further having at least a first tool changer (4) for changing the tool, said polishing machine (1) further having a work area (5) made up of at least one wall (5.1 - 5.6), said work area (5) spatially restricting the squirting of polishing agent during machining, wherein at least the workpiece holder (2.1) and the tool holding fixture (3.1) are arranged within the work area (5), characterized in that the first tool changer (4) is at least partially arranged within the work area (5).
2. Polishing machine (1) according to claim 1,
   characterized in
   that the first tool changer (4) has a holding member (4.3) with a left tool gripper (4.1), wherein the left tool gripper (4.1) is at least partially arranged within the work area (5).
3. Polishing machine (1) according to claim 2,
   characterized in
   that the holding member (4.3) has at least a further right tool gripper (4.2) that is at least partially arranged within the work area (5).
4. Polishing machine (1) according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
   characterized in
   that the first tool changer (4) has a swiveling axis S arranged parallel to the polishing axis K and the tool changer (4) with the tool gripper (4.1) is swivelable about the swiveling axis S by an angle β1 at least between a parking position PP and a position PW1 and/or the tool changer (4) with the tool gripper (4.2) is swivelable about the swiveling axis S by an angle β2 between the parking position PP and a position PW2 in the region of the tool holding fixture (3.1).
5. Polishing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in
   that the first tool changer (4) has a stroke axis W arranged parallel to the swiveling axis S or parallel to the polishing axis K and is movable along the stroke axis W at least between a position PA for picking up the polishing disk (3.2) and a position PF for detaching the polishing disk (3.2) from the tool holding fixture (3.1).
6. Polishing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in
   that the tool holding fixture (3.1) is supported on the first polishing spindle (3) by means of a ball-and-socket joint (3.7) in such a manner that it is tiltable by a tilting angle α, and that the tool holding fixture (3.1) is movable along the telescope axis Z at least between a position PO that ensures the tilting motion by the tilting angle α as well as the polishing operation and a position PB that restricts the tilting motion by the tilting angle α at least partially.
7. Polishing machine (1) according to claim 6,
   characterized in
   that in the position PB of the tool holding fixture (3.1), the ball-and-socket joint (3.7) is at least limited to a maximum tilting angle of 5° or 10° concerning the tilting angle α.
8. Polishing machine (1) according to claim 6 or 7,
   characterized in
   that the first polishing spindle (3) has a rotatorily drivable center sleeve (3.4) that is supported in a housing (3.5) in such a manner that it is rotatable about the polishing axis K, and that the tool holding fixture (3.1) is coupled to the center sleeve (3.4) by means of expansion bellows (3.6), wherein the tool holding fixture (3.1), in the position PB, is supportable, indirectly by means of the expansion bellows (3.6) or directly, on the center sleeve (3.4) and/or on the housing (3.5) in such a manner that the tilting angle α is limited at least partially.
9. Polishing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in
   that the first workpiece spindle (2) is supported in such a manner that it is swivelable about a swiveling axis B arranged orthogonal to the axis of rotation C.
10. Polishing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in
    that at least a second workpiece spindle (2') and a second polishing spindle (3') are arranged within the work area (5), wherein they are designed and arranged in the same manner as the first workpiece spindle (2) and the first polishing spindle (3).
11. Polishing machine (1) according to claim 10,
    characterized in
    that with respect to the axis of translation X, the second workpiece spindle (2') and the second polishing spindle (3') are arranged in such a manner that they are offset from the first workpiece spindle (2) and the first polishing spindle (3).
12. Polishing machine (1) according to claim 10 or 11,
    characterized in
    that a second tool changer (4') associated to the second polishing spindle (3') is provided.
13. Polishing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in
    that the work area (5) is enclosed by the bottom wall (5.1), several side walls (5.2 - 5.5) and the upper wall (5.6), wherein the workpiece spindle (2, 2') extends into the work area (5) at least partially.
14. Polishing machine (1) according to claim 13,
    characterized in
    that a flexible sealing sleeve (6) is provided between the workpiece spindle (2, 2') and the wall (5.1 - 5.5) and/or the upper wall (5.6).
15. Method for polishing a lens (7, 7') by means of a machine tool (1) for lenses (7, 7') according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that

    a) a polishing disk G (3.2) is manually inserted into the polishing spindle (3, 3'),

    b) the lens (7, 7') is rough-polished by the polishing spindle (3, 3') by means of the polishing disk G (3.2),

    c) the polishing disk G (3.2) is removed from the polishing spindle (3, 3') by means of the tool changer (4, 4'),

    d) a polishing disk F (3.3) is inserted into the polishing spindle (3, 3') by means of the tool changer (4, 4'),

    e) the lens (7, 7') is fine-polished by the polishing spindle (3, 3') by means of the polishing disk F (3.3).
16. Method according to claim 15,
    characterized in that

    a) the polishing disk F (3.3) is removed from the polishing spindle (3, 3') by means of the tool changer (4, 4'), and

    b) the polishing disk G (3.2) is inserted into the polishing spindle (3, 3') by means of the tool changer (4, 4').
17. Method according to claim 16,
    characterized in that

    a) the polishing disk G (3.2) arranged in the polishing spindle (3, 3') is manually changed for the next lens (7, 7') to be polished,

    b) the lens (7, 7') is changed and after that

    c) the lens (7, 7') is rough-polished according to step b) of claim 15.

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