EP2189993B1 - Actionneur, système de soupape et procédé de fonctionnement associé - Google Patents

Actionneur, système de soupape et procédé de fonctionnement associé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2189993B1
EP2189993B1 EP09175582.7A EP09175582A EP2189993B1 EP 2189993 B1 EP2189993 B1 EP 2189993B1 EP 09175582 A EP09175582 A EP 09175582A EP 2189993 B1 EP2189993 B1 EP 2189993B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
sensor
electromagnet
setting device
stator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09175582.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2189993A3 (fr
EP2189993A2 (fr
Inventor
Jens Baumbach
René Dingelstadt
Alfred ELSÄSSER
Patric Genieser
Georg Kaltwasser
Martin Helmis
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Mahle International GmbH
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Mahle International GmbH
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102008058525A external-priority patent/DE102008058525A1/de
Priority claimed from DE102008059449A external-priority patent/DE102008059449A1/de
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Publication of EP2189993A2 publication Critical patent/EP2189993A2/fr
Publication of EP2189993A3 publication Critical patent/EP2189993A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2189993B1 publication Critical patent/EP2189993B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/14—Pivoting armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1844—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1844—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H01F2007/1866—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits with regulation loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F2007/1894—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings minimizing impact energy on closure of magnetic circuit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an adjusting device for adjusting an actuator between two end positions, in particular for controlling a gas flow in an internal combustion engine.
  • the invention also relates to a valve device equipped with such an adjusting device. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating such a control device.
  • fast switching valves can be used.
  • a fast-switching valve can be arranged upstream of an inlet valve in a fresh gas line which feeds fresh gas to a single cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
  • pressure waves can be generated in the respective fresh gas line, with the aid of which the loading of the respective cylinder can be improved.
  • quick-switching valves other applications are also known.
  • they can be used to control an exhaust gas recirculation rate.
  • the respective fast-switching valve may be arranged for example in an exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine, downstream of a removal point for recirculating exhaust gas.
  • Short-term, cycled closing of the valve pressure pulses can be used in the exhaust pipe to promote the return of exhaust gas.
  • extremely short switching times for the switching of a closed state associated end position and an open state associated end position are required.
  • the switching times of such fast-switching valves are in the range of switching times of gas exchange valves of the internal combustion engine.
  • a fast-switching valve may at least during an opening phase of an intake valve open and close once. The switching times can be less than 10 ms and in particular in the range between 2 ms and 5 ms.
  • such a valve may be arranged in a common fresh gas line, from which the fresh gas is divided into several cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
  • the valve may be arranged upstream or downstream of a discharge point for recirculating exhaust gas in this common fresh gas line.
  • pressure waves can arise in the fresh gas stream which can be intensified and even generated by means of the fresh gas side, fast-switching valve.
  • the pressure at the point of introduction can be influenced, which can be used to control the exhaust gas recirculation rate.
  • Such a quick-switching valve requires a corresponding, fast-switching actuator (actuator) for actuating the valve or generally for adjusting an actuator between two end positions.
  • actuator actuating actuator
  • an adjusting device comprises, for example, an armature which is pivotably mounted about a pivot axis between two end positions in a stator and which is rotatably connected to the respective actuator, in particular with the valve member or connectable.
  • the adjusting device comprises at least one arranged on or in the stator electromagnet, with the aid of electromagnetic attraction forces can be generated selectively.
  • at least one first stator-side contact surface is provided, against which a first contact surface of the armature rests in the first end position of the armature.
  • At least one second stator-side contact surface is provided, against which a second contact surface of the armature rests in the second end position of the armature.
  • a restoring device may also be provided, which biases the armature in a rest position lying between the end positions, for example in the form of a torsion spring.
  • Such adjusting device is for example from the DE 101 40 706 A1 known.
  • the respective electromagnet serves to hold the armature in the respective end positions on the respective contact surface, which forms a stop defining the end position.
  • the armature can be drive-coupled via a shaft with the respective actuator, in particular with a valve member of a fast-switching valve.
  • the end positions of the armature can therefore be assigned to the open state and the closed state of the valve member.
  • the restoring device which is preferably a spring device, in particular a torsion spring, is tensioned.
  • the restoring force of the spring device drives the armature in the direction of the rest position.
  • the stored in the spring device potential energy is converted into kinetic energy of the armature.
  • the anchor is accelerated.
  • the potential energy of the restoring device is completely converted into kinetic energy of the armature. Accordingly, the armature moves further in the direction of the other end position.
  • the kinetic energy of the armature is converted back into potential energy of the restoring device, whereby the armature is braked.
  • the respective electromagnet assigned to the catching contact surface In order to be able to catch the anchor at the stop assigned to the other end position, that is to say at the other contact surface, the respective electromagnet assigned to the catching contact surface must be energized in time.
  • the energy conversion losses such as heat
  • the anchor should not bounce on the catching stop.
  • the impact velocity of the armature should be as small as possible to the catching stop to keep the wear and noise low.
  • the control or regulation of the respective electromagnet is extremely complex, since contradictory Requirements must be realized.
  • the time periods available for the control process are extremely short, which makes said processes even more difficult.
  • the boundary conditions of the adjusting device may change during operation, in particular in conjunction with an internal combustion engine.
  • the temperature of the adjusting device may change.
  • the restoring device can have a temperature-dependent characteristic, resulting in the temperature-dependent restoring forces and thus temperature-dependent armature speeds.
  • the flow resistance, against which the respective valve member must be moved by means of the armature may vary. Thus, varying actuating forces must be realizable by the adjusting device.
  • the knowledge of which of the two end positions the armature currently occupies is of increased importance in order to be able to correctly perform the control or regulation of the catching electromagnet when changing the end positions.
  • the present invention is concerned with the problem of providing for an adjusting device of the type mentioned above or for a valve device equipped therewith or for an associated operating method an improved embodiment, which is characterized in particular by the fact that it controls the power supply of the respective electromagnet simplified, in particular by providing the knowledge of the current anchor position with increased reliability or more precisely.
  • the invention is based on the general idea of integrating a sensor system into the adjusting device, with the aid of which at least one parameter of a magnetic field can be measured during operation of the adjusting device, this magnetic field being generated by the at least one electromagnet of the adjusting device and at least by this magnetic field such a parameter is measured, which depends on the armature movement or on the armature position.
  • the actuator is equipped with additional sensors that allow a direct measurement of the magnetic field change due to the armature movement.
  • the sensor technology thus works without contact. Since the separate sensor does not have to rely on the induction voltage of the coil of the electromagnet, reduces the computational effort and can lead to increased accuracy of the orientation of the anchor. In addition, there is no interference with the impressed current to the electromagnet.
  • a control device can identify, for example, the actual end position of the armature that the armature currently occupies or in which the armature currently pivots. This makes it possible to dispense with a counter, whereby computing power of a processor of the control device is released.
  • control means evaluate the detected by means of the sensor measurement signals so that thus the desired control of the current and / or voltage supply of the at least one electromagnet is feasible. Since in the here presented adjusting device, the armature position does not have to be determined consuming on the basis of the induction voltage of the coil of the electromagnet, here is the processor of the controller more computing power available. At the same time eliminates the inertia of the coil of the electromagnet, so that the position of the armature can be determined with increased accuracy. The regulation of the power supply of the (catching) electromagnet can be carried out more accurately.
  • the increased precision of the control can be used to reduce the power consumption of the actuator and to improve the acoustics during operation, in particular to reduce noise.
  • it is provided to terminate the control of the current and / or voltage supply of the at least one electromagnet, which is dependent on the measurement signals of the sensor, after a predetermined control time in order subsequently to supply the at least one electromagnet with a constant voltage.
  • the respective sensor system can have at least one leakage flux sensor.
  • a leakage flux sensor can be realized in a particularly simple manner and, in particular, without significant structural change in the armature-stator configuration.
  • Such leakage flux sensors can preferably be used to identify the respective ones However, in principle, it is also possible to use the end position of the armature to determine the armature position between the end positions and thus to control the current of the respective electromagnet.
  • the sensor system may comprise at least one Nutzziersensor which provides significantly more accurate measurements, whereby the determination of the current armature position during the armature movement with increased accuracy is feasible.
  • a useful flow sensor is also suitable for identifying the current anchor end position.
  • Corresponding Fig. 1 comprises a valve device 1, with the aid of which a gas flow 2 can be influenced in a gas path 3, a valve member 4 and an adjusting device 5.
  • the valve member 4 is used to change a permeable cross section 6 of the gas path 3 and is for this purpose about a pivot axis 7 between two end positions pivotally adjustable arranged.
  • the adjusting device 5 serves to adjust the valve member 4 between the end positions.
  • a control device 8 is provided which, via at least one control line 9 with at least one electromagnet 10 of Adjusting device 5 is connected.
  • the control device 8 is coupled via at least one signal line 11 to a sensor 12 of the adjusting device 5.
  • the control device 8 can control the electromagnets 10 as a function of measuring signals of the sensor system 12.
  • at least one knock sensor 98 is provided, which can be connected to the control device 8 in a suitable manner, in particular via a further signal line 11.
  • the respective knock sensor 98 serves for the detection of knocking noises and for this purpose can be arranged in particular on the adjusting device 5. Since the knocking noise propagate relatively far as structure-borne noise, the knock sensor 98 can also be arranged at a different location.
  • the knock sensor 98 may be such a knock sensor 98, which in any case may be present in an internal combustion engine, in particular in a diesel engine, for monitoring the combustion processes.
  • Fig. 2 and 5 comprises such an adjusting device 5, by means of which an actuator, for example the valve member 4, is pivotable between two end positions, an armature 13 which is non-rotatably connected in the respective application with the respective actuator 4.
  • the armature 13 is pivotally mounted about the pivot axis 7 between two end positions in a stator 14 of the adjusting device 5.
  • a rest state is shown, in which the armature 13 occupies a rest position or neutral position, which, in particular in the middle, lies between the two end positions.
  • the adjusting device 5 has - as already to Fig. 1 mentions - at least one electromagnet 10, with the aid of electromagnetic attraction forces can be generated.
  • electromagnets 10 are provided, which act in parallel and, for example, can be arranged distributed uniformly with respect to the pivot axis 7 in the circumferential direction.
  • the respective Electromagnet 10 is arranged in the stator 14 and each includes a working coil 15 which engages around a core 16.
  • the respective core 16 is already a component of the stator 14 here.
  • the stator 14 furthermore comprises a yoke 17, which connects the individual cores 16 to one another. At the same time, the yoke 17 forms a support for the working coils 15.
  • Each electromagnet 10 is assigned a first stator-side contact surface 18 and a second stator-side contact surface 19.
  • the two contact surfaces 18, 19 are in this case formed on the core 16 of the respective electromagnet 10, that is to say on the stator 14.
  • the armature 13 has a first contact surface 20 and a second contact surface 21 for each electromagnet 10. In the first end position of the armature 13, it rests with its first contact surface 20 against the first contact surface 18. In the second end position of the armature 13, it rests with its second contact surface 21 against the second contact surface 19.
  • four first contact surfaces 18 and four second contact surfaces 19 are provided, which cooperate with armature-side four first contact surfaces 20 and four second contact surfaces 21. It is clear that in another construction, a different number of electromagnets 10, contact surfaces 18, 19 and contact surfaces 20, 21 may be provided.
  • the respective adjusting device 5 has a restoring device, not shown here, which is configured such that it biases the armature 13 from each of the two end positions into an intermediate neutral position or rest position.
  • the restoring device is a spring device which, when the armature 13 is moved out of its rest position, is tensioned in order to store kinetic energy.
  • this may be a torsion spring, for example, in an in Fig. 1 shown designed as a hollow shaft shaft 50 which connects the armature 13 with the actuator 4.
  • the sensor 12 is designed such that at least one parameter of a magnetic field generated by the respective electromagnet 10 can be measured during the operation of the adjusting device 5.
  • the sensor 12 measures one of the movement or dependent on the position of the armature 13 parameters. For example, the magnetic flux or the magnetic flux change or the rate of change of the magnetic flux is detected.
  • the measuring signals can be used by the control device 8 to identify the actual end position of the armature 13. Additionally or alternatively, the measurement signals can be used by the control device 8 to carry out a regulation of the current or voltage supply of the at least one electromagnet 10.
  • the sensor system 12 may have at least one leakage flux sensor 22.
  • two such leakage flux sensors 22 are shown.
  • a single leakage flux sensor 22 may be sufficient.
  • the respective leakage flux sensor 22 is arranged in the region of one of the contact surfaces 18 or 19 on the stator 14.
  • the stray flux sensor 22 in one of the electromagnets 10 is arranged in the region of the first contact surface 18, while the other stray flux sensor 22 is arranged in the region of the second contact surface 19.
  • the respective leakage flux sensor 22 is positioned with respect to the pivot axis 7 of the armature 13 axially offset from the respective contact surface 18 and 19 respectively.
  • the respective leakage flux sensor 22 has a yoke body 23 and a measuring coil 24.
  • a common yoke body 23 is provided for both leakage flux sensors 22, which is essentially configured in an E-shaped manner.
  • the respective leakage flux sensor 22 is attached to a carrier 25.
  • the carrier 25 is attached to the stator 14.
  • the carrier 25 also extends in the form of a yoke around the one electromagnet 10 and thereby enables a positioning of the sensor 12 in the stray flux of the two contact surfaces 18, 19 which are formed on the core 16 of this electromagnet 10. It is likewise possible to structurally integrate the stray flux sensors 22 into the electromagnet 10.
  • the stray flux sensors 22 can be structurally integrated into the working coil 15 of this electromagnet 10 or into a coil housing 26, which also carries the working coil 15.
  • the two leakage flux sensors 22 are assigned to the same electromagnet 10.
  • an embodiment is also possible in which the two leakage flux sensors 22 are assigned to different electromagnets 10.
  • An embodiment with more than two leakage flux sensors 22 is also conceivable.
  • the structural integration of the stray flux sensors 22 is comparatively easy to construct, since in particular no change of the stator 14 has to be performed.
  • the sensor system 12 may have at least one useful flow sensor 27.
  • two such Nutzziersensoren 27 are provided.
  • the respective Nutzziersensor 27 is assigned in each case one of the contact surfaces 18, 19 and accordingly arranged in the region of the respective contact surface 18, 19 on the stator 14.
  • the respective Nutz methodsensor 27 with respect to the pivot axis 7 in the same axial section as the respective contact surface 18, 19.
  • the respective Nutz bathsensor 27 has a measuring coil 28, which encloses the associated contact surface 18, 19.
  • two Nutz bathen 27 are provided, the measuring coils 28 each one of the contact surfaces 18, 19 enclose.
  • the Nutz rawsensor 27 has a measuring coil 28, which encloses both contact surfaces 18, 19 and in particular the core 16.
  • the change can be detected, which results in the magnetic flux through the respective contact surface 18, 19 due to the armature movement. If the measuring coil 28 is assigned to only one of the contact surfaces 18, 19, the end position in which the armature is located can be identified. However, two Nutzmannsensoren 27 are preferred, with the help of both the armature movement and the anchor end positions are detectable.
  • the respective Nutzlsensor 27 is structurally integrated here in the core 16 of the electromagnet 10, whereby it is at the same time structurally integrated into the stator 14 in the here presented construction of the stator 14. Furthermore, it is basically possible to constructively integrate the useful flow sensor 27 or its measuring coil 28 into the working coil 10. Likewise, integration into the respective electromagnet 10 is generally conceivable.
  • the bobbin 26th have a complementary configured to the free core tip approach that receives the respective measuring coil 28.
  • the in the Fig. 2 and 5 presented different designs can be realized alternatively.
  • a cumulative realization is conceivable.
  • the current control for the electromagnets 10 can be realized, while using the at least one stray flux sensor 22, the end position detection or side detection of the armature 13 is performed.
  • the different sensors 22, 27 may be arranged on different electromagnets 10.
  • a parallel arrangement of multiple cores 16 is possible, for example, to improve the measurement by averaging and / or to create a redundancy.
  • the armature 13 is configured asymmetrically in order to be able to attract it from the neutral rest position by energizing the electromagnets 10 in a predetermined direction of rotation.
  • This asymmetry is realized here, for example, by means of a field line influencing 96, which here is assigned to the first contact surface 20 in each case.
  • By a special Anschwingprozedur it is achieved that the armature 13 passes from the rest position into the predetermined end position.
  • the useful flow sensor 27 assigned to the first contact surface 18 is positioned so that it takes into account this asymmetry.
  • a corresponding consideration can also be made with the stray flux sensors 22.
  • the actuator 5 is configured in preferred embodiments as a high-speed actuator 5, which is characterized in that it is for pivoting the armature 13 between the two end positions a switching time of less than 10 ms or preferably less than 5 ms is required.
  • Fig. 3 In the following, the side recognition of the armature position with the aid of leakage flux sensors in connection with a conventional current regulation for the electromagnets 10 will be described in more detail:
  • two time profiles are plotted for the induction voltages Us measurable on the measurement coils 24 of the two leakage flux sensors 22, namely firstly a profile 29 for the catching or applying side and a profile 30 for the emitting or releasing side.
  • the lower diagram there is a time course 31 for the rotational position of the armature 13 (indicated is the angle of rotation ⁇ ), a time course 32 of the voltage applied to the coils 15 of the electromagnets 10 and a time curve 33 of the coils 15 of the Electromagnets 10 flowing current i.
  • a holding current is chopped to hold the armature 13 in one of its end positions.
  • the command for switching the armature 13 takes place.
  • the current i is switched off.
  • a negative energization of the coils 15 of the electromagnets 10 is performed.
  • a maximum of the induction voltage U is expected.
  • phase 38 there is no energization.
  • a pure flight phase in which the armature 13 is driven by the restoring force of a corresponding restoring device.
  • energization takes place at an elevated voltage level in order to supply the electromagnet 10 with as much energy as possible in the shortest possible time.
  • the increased voltage is required to overcome the inertia of the coils 15 faster.
  • a capture current is chopped, at a reduced voltage level. The current is monitored here.
  • the supply of the catch current is interrupted if the current regulator can not maintain the level and the current increase drops below a certain value. This termination criterion in the lower diagram in the current profile 33 can be recognized by the fact that the current drops relatively sharply at the end of a rectilinear, essentially constant region.
  • the working coils 15 are switched to freewheel and the armature 13 strikes.
  • phase 42 an increased current level is temporarily impressed to avoid bouncing of the armature 13.
  • phase 34 in which the holding current is chopped, except that the armature is now in the other end position.
  • the measurement voltages of the two leakage flux sensors 22 are observed. It is expected within this observation time that the voltage at the adjacent side when applying the armature 13 rises sharply, while on the releasing side, a reverse voltage waveform is expected.
  • a decision criterion for the identification of the actual present end position for example, the rise of both voltage curves in a predetermined time window 43 can serve. Additionally or alternatively, a distance 44 can be used as the identification criterion, which the two courses 29, 30 have at most from each other. As a result, the end position reached by the armature 13 can be uniquely identified without having to run a counter for this purpose.
  • a fixed period 45 is registered, the for the phase 38 defines a predetermined period of time. This fixed pause time 45 may be based on empirical values and may in particular vary with an adaptive control.
  • Fig. 4 shows in the upper diagram a curve 46 of an induced voltage U s on the applying or catching side, while a curve 47 reproduces the induced voltage U s at the emitting or releasing side.
  • the two courses 46 and 47 come so close that a predetermined voltage gap is reached.
  • the history 47 of the releasing side reaches a minimum.
  • the graph shown below shows a curve 52 for the armature movement (indicated is the angle of rotation ⁇ ) and a profile 53 for the current i for supplying the electromagnets 10 or their working coils 15.
  • a position of the current waveform 53 is marked, in which to start a switching operation, the energization of the electromagnets 10 is turned off.
  • phase 55 indicated by a curly bracket on the abscissa of the lower diagram, the holding current is chopped, so that the armature 13 is held in one of the two end positions.
  • the power supply to the working coils 15 is turned off in accordance with the position 54.
  • the switching process begins.
  • a negative energization of the working coils 15 is performed during a phase 57.
  • phase 58 during which no energization of the electromagnets 10 takes place. It is here
  • This phase 58 ends at the point 48, ie when the distance between the two sensor voltages 46, 47 falls below a predetermined value.
  • phase 58 is terminated and the phase 59 begins in which comparatively much energy is supplied to the system. For this purpose, comparatively much power is supplied at an elevated voltage level. Accordingly, the current waveform 53 in the phase 59 has a relatively steep rise.
  • This phase 59 is also monitored with the leakage flux sensors 22. As soon as in one of the sensors 22, usually at the same time in both sensors 22, the profile 46, 47 of the sensor voltages reaches its maximum, which is the case at position 49, the phase 59 is terminated and a phase 60 begins. During this phase 60, a constant sensor voltage for the profile 46 of the stray side leakage flux sensor 22 is adjusted at a reduced voltage level for the energization of the working coils 15.
  • the value of the abscissa axis is adjusted, which may be zero.
  • This phase 60 is terminated when the measured voltage in the path 47 of the releasing side reaches the minimum 51.
  • This minimum 51 is present when the armature 13 reaches the other end position.
  • the increased current level is again impressed, with the aid of which a bouncing of the armature 13 can be avoided.
  • the supply of the holding current so that again the phase 55 is present.
  • the entire energization of the electromagnets 10 can thus be regulated as a function of the courses 46, 47 of the induced voltage U S at the two leakage flux sensors 22. From these curves 46, 47, the switching times can be read out, to which the phases 58, 59 and 60 end or the phases 59, 60 and 61 begin.
  • Fig. 6 the upper diagram again shows several time courses. Specifically, there are a profile 62 for the application side flow sensor 27 at the beginning of a switching process, a curve 63 of the voltage of the useful flow sensor 27 on the application side in a later region of a switching process, a history 64 of the emitting side flow sensor 27 at the beginning of the switching operation and a history 65 of the releasing side toward the end of the switching operation. Distinct locations are a position 66 at which a parameter determined with the catcher's useful flow sensor 27 reaches a predetermined threshold. Furthermore, a position 67 is marked which represents a minimum in the path 65 of the issuing side.
  • phase 71, 72, 73 are fixed in terms of their length, which in Fig. 6 is indicated by a period 74.
  • This period of time 74 has been determined for example on the basis of experiments. However, it can also be adapted during operation of the adjusting device 5. After expiration of the given Period 74 thus ends the phase 73 and the phase 75 begins.
  • phase 75 At the beginning of phase 75 there is a strong energization of the working coils 15 at an elevated voltage level.
  • this phase 75 begins an integration of the sensor signals at least on the catching side. By integrating the voltage values, the magnetic flux can be determined.
  • Phase 75 ends when location 66 is reached, that is, when a predetermined flow value (threshold) is reached.
  • the electromagnets 10 can be energized so that, for example, a constant flux change on the catching side is adjusted.
  • a constant flux change on the catching side is adjusted.
  • a rectilinear section with low slope recognizable corresponds to a constant flow change.
  • a linearly decreasing or linearly increasing flux change can be adjusted;
  • a parabolic or exponential course for the flow change is conceivable.
  • the course of the flow namely the induced voltage U s at the emitting side according to the course 65 is observed.
  • phase 76 The end of this phase 76 is at the impact of the armature 13 on the contact surfaces 18 and 19, respectively. This is recognized in the example in that the voltage profile 65 at the emitting Nutzziersensor 27 reaches its minimum 67. Once this minimum 67 is present, the phase 76 is terminated and a phase 77 is started in which an increased current level is impressed to avoid bouncing of the armature 13. Subsequently, there is again the phase 70, in which the holding current is chopped. The armature 13 is now in the other end position.
  • Fig. 7 a second alternative for controlling the energization of the electromagnets 10 in the in Fig. 5 shown embodiment of the adjusting device 5 using the Nutz Kunststoffsoren 27 explained in more detail:
  • a plurality of time profiles are again entered, namely a profile 79 of the voltage measured by the catching useful flow sensor 27 at the beginning of a switching process.
  • a graph 80 shows the voltage measured at the beginning of a switching process at the emitting flow sensor 27.
  • a curve 81 indicates the voltage measured at the catching Nutzschsensor 27 voltage towards the end of the switching operation again.
  • a curve 82 shows the voltage curve at the emitting Nutz rawsensor 27 for the end of the switching process again.
  • a predetermined flow value is reached on the accepting side.
  • At position 84 is a minimum in the voltage curve 82 of the donor side.
  • a curly brace indicated phase 87 a holding current is chopped to the armature 13 in the one end position hold.
  • the command for switching the armature 13 from one end position to the other end position takes place. For this purpose, the energization of the working coils 15 is turned off.
  • phase 89 there is again a negative energization of the working coils 15, in order to avoid sticking of the armature 13 or to release the armature 13 from the contact surfaces 18 and 19, respectively, against such adhesion.
  • a free flight phase 90 in which no energization of the electromagnets 10 takes place.
  • a fixed time period 91 is predetermined, which can be determined from experiments and which is particularly adaptable during operation of the adjusting device 5.
  • phase 92 begins.
  • the energization of the working coils 15 is controlled so that the catching Nutzpoundsensor 27 sets a constant curve 81.
  • the energization of the working coils 15 takes place at an elevated voltage level. In order to reduce the flow change again somewhat, the energization of the working coils 15 takes place at a reduced voltage level. In this way, the constant course of the flux change can be adjusted.
  • the flow is integrated until a predetermined maximum value is reached. This threshold is reached at position 83. It terminates the energization by switching between different levels of voltage.
  • the phase 93 starts energizing, in which, to increase the flux change, energization is carried out at the lower voltage level, and in order to reduce the flux change, the energization is switched off, ie the voltage is reduced to zero.
  • phase 93 is terminated as soon as the flow on the releasing side rises again, that is, as soon as the curve 82 reaches its minimum 84. This is the case when the armature 13 at the other end position against the stop running.
  • phase 94 a current level is again impressed into the working coils 15 of the electromagnets 10, which avoids bouncing of the armature 13.
  • the holding current is applied again, so that again the phase 87 is present.
  • the detection or identification of the actual present end position is also here at the beginning of the switching operation by comparing the two voltage curves 79, 80 at the two Nutzmannsensoren 27.
  • the voltage at the emitting Nutz1sensor 27 drops more than at the catching Nutz1sensor 27.
  • Fig. 8 should be explained in more detail for a preferred embodiment, a further possible operating method for the adjusting device 5.
  • the regulation of the voltage or of the current at the respective electromagnet 10 is not carried out over the entire time duration of the respective switching operation as a function of the measured signals measured with the aid of the sensor system 12.
  • the control of the voltage and / or power supply of the respective electromagnet 10 takes place only during a predetermined control time 97.
  • This control period 97 begins at a time at which the armature 13 lifts off from the releasing end position, to which therefore begins its rotational movement.
  • the at least one electromagnet can during the release of the armature 13 or at the beginning of the rotational movement to the end of the current-free flight phase a significant time are detected, to which the start time of the following energization relates.
  • the pronounced minimum 100 can be evaluated in the course 99 of the sensor voltage on the releasing side, which defines the time at which the armature 13 dissolves.
  • the voltage-current regulation of the at least one electromagnet 10 takes place as a function of the measurement signals determined with the aid of the sensor system 12.
  • This regulation takes place, in particular, in a region 103 of the current profile 69 in which, after the free-flight phase, energy is introduced into the at least one electromagnet 10.
  • this regulation of the voltage and / or current supply of the at least one electromagnet 10 is terminated and a constant voltage is applied to the respective electromagnet 10.
  • the control time 97 is dimensioned such that the armature 13 at the end of the control period 97 has not yet reached the other end, ie the catching end position, but has already approached it relatively far.
  • the applied to the respective electromagnet 10 constant voltage is chosen so that it is sufficient for safe capture of the armature 13.
  • the time can be determined at which the armature 13 reaches the catching end position.
  • the voltage profile 101 of the catching side shows a maximum 102.
  • the control device 8 can evaluate measurement signals of the knock sensor 98.
  • the intensity of the knock signals thus determined correlates with the impact velocity of the armature 13.
  • the measurement signals of the sensor 12 can be evaluated on the catching side. In the course 101 of the sensor voltage of the catching side, the voltage increase at the end of the control time 97 to the maximum 102 correlates with the impact velocity of the armature 13. The steeper the voltage rise, the higher the impact velocity.
  • the control device 8 can now adapt an energy input into the at least one electromagnet 10 during the regulation time 97 as a function of the impact velocity of the armature 13.
  • This energy input corresponds to a surface 104 below the current curve 69 in the region 103 and is also referred to below as energy input 104.
  • the energy input 104 is increased during the control time 97 by a predetermined value, which may depend in particular on the distance of the determined impact velocity from the tolerance range, while this is increased by a predetermined value, in particular the distance of the determined Impact speed can depend on the tolerance range, is reduced, if the determined impact velocity is above the tolerance range.
  • the increase or decrease of the energy input 104 can be adjusted in a simple embodiment by lengthening or shortening the control time 97.
  • the adaptation of the energy input 104 is realized by a corresponding adaptation of the control time 97.
  • the frequency during chopping the voltage during the voltage or current control of the at least one electromagnet 10 and / or the slope of the current increase and / or the amount of voltage during the voltage or current control can be varied.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif de réglage pour régler un organe de réglage (4) entre deux positions finales, en particulier pour commander un flux de gaz dans un moteur à combustion interne,
    - avec un induit (13), qui est logé de manière à pouvoir être réglé en pivotement autour d'un axe de pivotement (7) entre deux positions finales dans un stator (14) et qui est ou peut être relié à l'organe de réglage (4) de manière solidaire en rotation,
    - avec un dispositif de rappel pour précontraindre l'induit (13) dans une position neutre située entre les positions finales,
    - avec au moins un électroaimant (10) agencé sur ou dans le stator (14) et destiné à produire des forces d'attraction électromagnétiques,
    - avec au moins une première surface d'appui (18) côté statorique, contre laquelle une première surface de contact (20) de l'induit (13) s'appuie dans la première position finale de l'induit (13),
    - avec au moins une deuxième surface d'appui (19) côté statorique, contre laquelle une deuxième surface de contact (21) de l'induit (13) s'appuie dans la deuxième position finale de l'induit (13),
    - avec un système capteur (12) pour mesurer au moins un paramètre, dépendant du mouvement d'induit et/ou de la position d'induit, d'un champ magnétique produit par l'au moins un électroaimant (10) pendant le fonctionnement du dispositif de réglage (5),
    - dans lequel il est prévu un dispositif de commande (8) qui est destiné à actionner l'au moins un électroaimant (10) et qui est couplé au système capteur (12) en vue de l'évaluation des signaux de mesure et qui est réalisé de telle sorte qu'il met en oeuvre avec les signaux de mesure du système capteur (12) une régulation de l'alimentation en courant et/ou en tension de l'au moins un électroaimant (10) lors d'une opération de commutation lors de laquelle l'induit (13) se déplace d'une position finale dite de fourniture à une autre position finale dite d'interception,
    caractérisé
    - en ce que le dispositif de commande (8) est réalisé de telle sorte que, lors d'une opération de commutation, il met fin à la régulation, effectuée à l'aide des signaux de mesure du système capteur (12), de l'alimentation en courant et/ou en tension de l'au moins un électroaimant (10) après un temps de régulation prédéterminé (97) et, à la place, il applique une tension constante à l'au moins un électroaimant (10),
    - et en ce que le temps de régulation (97) est dimensionné de telle sorte que l'induit (13) n'a pas encore atteint la position d'interception à la fin du temps de régulation (97).
  2. Dispositif de réglage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un dispositif de commande (8) qui est destiné à actionner l'au moins un électroaimant (10) et qui est couplé au système capteur (12) en vue de l'évaluation des signaux de mesure et qui est réalisé de telle sorte qu'il identifie avec les signaux de mesure du système capteur (12) la position finale réelle de l'induit (13), position que prend actuellement l'induit (13) ou dans laquelle pivote actuellement l'induit (13) ou hors de laquelle pivote actuellement l'induit (13).
  3. Dispositif de réglage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé
    - en ce que le dispositif de commande (8) détermine à l'aide des signaux de mesure du système capteur (12) pendant la phase de la tension constante au niveau d'au moins un électroaimant (10) une grandeur corrélée avec une vitesse d'impact de l'induit (13) et adapte en fonction de cela une valeur d'énergie (104) pour la prochaine opération de commutation,
    - dans lequel il peut être prévu en option que le dispositif de commande (8) est couplé à un capteur de cliquetis (98) et adapte en fonction de signaux de mesure du capteur de cliquetis (98) une valeur d'énergie (104) pour la prochaine opération de commutation.
  4. Dispositif de réglage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le système capteur (12) comporte au moins un capteur de flux de dispersion (22) qui est agencé dans la zone d'au moins l'une des surfaces d'appui (18, 19) au niveau du stator (14).
  5. Dispositif de réglage selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé
    - en ce que le capteur de flux de dispersion (22) est agencé par rapport à l'axe de pivotement (7) de l'induit (13) avec un décalage axial par rapport à la surface d'induit (18, 19) respective, et/ou
    - en ce que, dans le cas d'un stator (14) qui comporte plusieurs électroaimants (10), il est prévu plusieurs capteurs de flux de dispersion (22) qui sont associés à différents électroaimants (10).
  6. Dispositif de réglage selon au moins la revendication 4 ou 5,
    caractérisé
    - en ce que le système capteur (12) comporte exactement un capteur de flux de dispersion (22) qui comporte exactement une bobine de mesure (24) qui est associée à l'une des surfaces d'appui (18, 19) ou en ce que le système capteur (12) comporte deux capteurs de flux de dispersion (22) qui comportent chacun une bobine de mesure (24) qui est associée respectivement à l'une des surfaces d'appui (18, 19),
    - dans lequel il peut en particulier être prévu que le capteur de flux de dispersion (22) respectif comporte un corps de culasse (23) qui porte la bobine de mesure (24) respective
    et dans lequel il peut en particulier être prévu de réaliser le corps de culasse (23) en forme de U en présence d'une seule bobine de mesure (24) et un corps de culasse (23) commun, réalisé en forme de E, en présence de deux capteurs de flux de dispersion (22).
  7. Dispositif de réglage selon l'une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le capteur de flux de dispersion (22) respectif est fixé au niveau d'un support (25) qui est fixé quant à lui au stator (14) ou en ce que le capteur de flux de dispersion (23) respectif est intégré, du point de vue de la construction, dans l'électroaimant (10), en particulier dans une bobine de travail (15) de l'électroaimant (10).
  8. Dispositif de réglage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le système capteur (12) comporte au moins un capteur de flux utile (27) qui est agencé dans la zone d'au moins l'une des surfaces d'appui (18, 19) au niveau du stator (14).
  9. Dispositif de réglage selon la revendication 8, caractérisé
    - en ce que le capteur de flux utile (27) et la surface d'appui (18, 19) respective sont agencés par rapport à l'axe de pivotement (7) de l'induit (13) dans le même tronçon axial, et/ou
    - en ce que le capteur de flux utile (27) comporte une bobine de mesure (28) qui entoure l'une des surfaces d'appui (18, 19) ou en ce que le capteur de flux utile (27) comporte une bobine de mesure (28) qui entoure les deux surfaces d'appui (18, 19) ou en ce qu'il est prévu deux capteurs de flux utile (27) dont les bobines de mesure (28) entourent chacune l'une des surfaces d'appui (18, 19).
  10. Dispositif de réglage selon la revendication 8 ou 9,
    caractérisé
    - en ce que le capteur de flux utile (27) est intégré, du point de vue de la construction, dans le stator (14) ou dans l'électroaimant (10), le capteur de flux utile (27) pouvant être intégré, du point de vue de la construction, dans un noyau (16) de l'électroaimant (10) ou dans une bobine de travail (15) de l'électroaimant (10), et/ou
    - en ce que, en présence d'un stator (14) qui comporte plusieurs électroaimants (10), il est prévu plusieurs capteurs de flux utile (27) qui sont associés à différents électroaimants (10).
  11. Dispositif de réglage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10,
    caractérisé
    - en ce qu'il est prévu, à chaque fois en quantités identiques, plusieurs électroaimants (10), plusieurs premières surfaces d'appui (18), plusieurs deuxièmes surfaces d'appui (19), plusieurs premières surfaces de contact (20) et plusieurs deuxièmes surfaces de contact (21), et/ou
    - en ce que le dispositif de réglage (5) est conçu comme un dispositif de réglage à grande vitesse (5) qui a besoin de moins de 10 ms ou de moins de 5 ms pour faire pivoter l'induit (13) d'une position finale à une autre position finale.
  12. Dispositif de soupape destiné à influencer un écoulement de gaz (2) dans un trajet de gaz (3), en particulier dans un moteur à combustion interne,
    - avec un organe de soupape (4) pour modifier une section transversale (6) du trajet de gaz (3), lequel organe de soupape est agencé réglable autour d'un axe de pivotement (7) entre deux positions finales,
    - avec un dispositif de réglage (5) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, dont l'induit (13) est relié à l'organe de soupape (4) de manière solidaire en rotation.
  13. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de réglage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11,
    - dans lequel, pendant une opération de commutation, pendant un temps de régulation (97), l'alimentation en courant et/ou en tension de l'au moins un électroaimant (10) est régulée en fonction de signaux de mesure du système capteur (12),
    - dans lequel, à l'expiration du temps de régulation (97), la régulation est achevée et, à la place, une tension constante est appliquée à l'au moins un électroaimant (10).
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisé en ce que la valeur d'énergie (104) dans l'au moins un électroaimant (10) est adaptée pour la prochaine opération de commutation en fonction de la vitesse d'impact de l'induit (13) qui est atteinte par l'induit (13) pendant l'opération de commutation actuelle.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14,
    caractérisé
    - en ce que la vitesse d'impact de l'induit (13) est déterminée en fonction de signaux de mesure du système capteur (12), ou
    - en ce que la vitesse d'impact de l'induit (13) est déterminée en fonction de signaux de mesure d'un capteur de cliquetis (98).
EP09175582.7A 2008-11-21 2009-11-10 Actionneur, système de soupape et procédé de fonctionnement associé Active EP2189993B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008058525A DE102008058525A1 (de) 2008-11-21 2008-11-21 Stellvorrichtung, Ventileinrichtung und Betriebsverfahren
DE102008059449A DE102008059449A1 (de) 2008-11-21 2008-11-28 Stellvorrichtung, Ventileinrichtung und Betriebsverfahren

Publications (3)

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EP2189993A2 EP2189993A2 (fr) 2010-05-26
EP2189993A3 EP2189993A3 (fr) 2012-05-30
EP2189993B1 true EP2189993B1 (fr) 2018-05-30

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Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3047488A1 (de) * 1980-12-17 1982-07-22 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Elektronische schaltungsanordnung fuer ein elektromagnetisches schaltgeraet
DE19945262A1 (de) * 1999-09-21 2001-04-19 Kendrion Neue Hahn Magnet Gmbh Bistabiler Drehmagnet und Verfahren zur Steuerung eines bistabilen Drehmagneten
DE10043805A1 (de) * 2000-09-06 2002-03-14 Daimler Chrysler Ag Vorrichtung mit einem elektromagnetischen Aktuator
DE10140706A1 (de) 2001-08-18 2003-02-27 Mahle Filtersysteme Gmbh Hochgeschwindigkeitsstelleinrichtung
EP1732088B1 (fr) * 2005-06-08 2013-08-14 Mahle International GmbH Actionneur électromagnétique
US7880410B2 (en) * 2007-03-21 2011-02-01 Saia-Burgess, Inc. Rotary, limited rotation bi-directional, direct current actuator

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
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EP2189993A2 (fr) 2010-05-26

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