EP2183116B1 - Farbige sicherheitsdokumentindividualisierung - Google Patents

Farbige sicherheitsdokumentindividualisierung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2183116B1
EP2183116B1 EP08785547.4A EP08785547A EP2183116B1 EP 2183116 B1 EP2183116 B1 EP 2183116B1 EP 08785547 A EP08785547 A EP 08785547A EP 2183116 B1 EP2183116 B1 EP 2183116B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nanoparticles
energy
starting materials
laser
document
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP08785547.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2183116A1 (de
Inventor
Malte Pflughoefft
Oliver Muth
Andreas Hoppe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bundesdruckerei GmbH
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Bundesdruckerei GmbH
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Priority to PL08785547T priority Critical patent/PL2183116T3/pl
Publication of EP2183116A1 publication Critical patent/EP2183116A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2183116B1 publication Critical patent/EP2183116B1/de
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41MPRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/267Marking of plastic artifacts, e.g. with laser
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41MPRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14Security printing
    • B41M3/142Security printing using chemical colour-formers or chemical reactions, e.g. leuco-dye/acid, photochromes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for colored individualization of security documents that comprise a document body, as well as security documents for color customization with a document body and a method for the production thereof.
  • Security documents are documents that are protected against counterfeiting, falsification and / or duplication with the help of security elements.
  • Security documents thus include, for example, identity cards, passports, ID cards, access control cards, tax stamps, tickets, driver's licenses, motor vehicle papers, banknotes, checks, postage stamps, credit cards, any smart cards and adhesive labels (for example for product security).
  • Such security documents which are also sometimes referred to as value documents, typically comprise a substrate, a printing layer and optionally a transparent cover layer.
  • a substrate is a support structure to which the print layer is applied with information, images, patterns, and the like. Suitable materials for a substrate are all customary materials based on paper and / or plastic in question.
  • Many modern security documents comprise a document body comprising at least one, preferably a plurality of, most preferably only a plurality of interconnected layers made of plastics.
  • This document body has one or more security elements.
  • One type of security element is individualizing information introduced into such a card body, such as a serial number, a card number, personal data, for example name and / or date of birth, biometric data, for example pictures (passport pictures), size and / or eye color, etc . may include.
  • molding compositions based on semi-crystalline engineering thermoplastics known that result in laser-markable moldings with increased marking quality.
  • the molding compositions are characterized in that micro- or nanoparticles of light-sensitive compounds with a plurality of cations and / or nanoprimary particles of light-sensitizing oxides and optionally other customary additives are present in a polymer matrix.
  • the molding compounds have a light, usually white or light gray color, which is blacked by laser irradiation.
  • Highly transparent laser-markable and laser-weldable plastic materials are known. Described are highly transparent plastic materials which are laser-markable and / or laser-weldable by a content of nanoscale laser-sensitive metal oxides.
  • the plastic materials which are present as shaped bodies, semi-finished products, molding compositions or coatings contain in particular metal oxides with particle sizes of 5 to 100 nm and a content of 0.0001 to 0.1 wt .-%.
  • Typical metal oxides are nanoscale indium tin oxide or antimony tin oxide. These materials can be used in particular for the production of laser-markable production goods.
  • the metal oxides are provided to promote absorption of laser light in the plastic to melt it or to cause a color change of the plastic.
  • a method for applying colored information to an object wherein the article has at least in a near-surface layer at least two different coloring particles which change the color of this layer under the influence of laser radiation, wherein the laser radiation is used with at least two different wavelengths, to change the color of this layer, and the application of laser radiation to the object in the vector and / or raster method via a Zweikoordinatenstrahlablenk Skerie and a focusing device for focusing the laser radiation is applied to the layer of the object.
  • absorbing color pigments are bleached by the different wavelengths in different wavelength ranges in order to change a color impression.
  • a method for generating information in a carrier body in which a simple long-term stable information against light and moisture is to be generated in the carrier body by simple means. These are for a number of in the carrier body Stored starting materials in a localized portion of the support body by laser irradiation set those reaction conditions that cause these starting materials to a synthesis reaction.
  • complex reaction processes are selected, which can only be specifically triggered by laser irradiation and not by sunlight to synthesize colored substances.
  • a colored substance here is a substance that is colored regardless of its size and shape. In this way, different colored substances can be synthesized.
  • Another problem is to perform the color-forming reactions spatially resolved and without quenching to achieve a clear color.
  • the invention is therefore based on the technical problem of providing a method and a device as well as a document body of a security document and a method for its production, with which it is possible to carry out a colored individualization, preferably after a production of the document body itself, in a simple manner ,
  • nanoparticles whose interaction with electromagnetic radiation, ie also with light in the visible wavelength range, depends on quantum mechanical effects which are influenced by their shape and / or a local concentration of the nanoparticles.
  • a method for colored individualization of security documents comprising a document body are held in the starting materials, which are locally stimulated by a localized targeted energy input to create or change nanoparticles that produce a color impression, wherein a shape and / or a concentration of the nanoparticles locally in the document body is dependent on the energy input and wherein the color impression the nanoparticles is dependent on their shape and / or local concentration, proposed in which locally targeted energy is introduced at a point at which a colored color impression is to be brought about in the document body in order to store an individualizing information about the color impression caused.
  • a security document which includes a personalized color document body, created in the interior of the document body starting materials are provided, which are targeted by means of a localized energy input targeted for the formation of nanoparticles of different shapes and / or different concentration, the shape and / or concentration is dependent on the energy input and wherein a color impression of the nanoparticles is dependent on their shape and / or their concentration.
  • An apparatus for individualizing a said security document with a security document body comprises a document body receptacle for receiving the article body, an energy source for locally introducing the energy input into the document body in order to selectively change the color impression so that an individualizing information is stored in the document body by the color impression effected ,
  • a security document with a document body that can be personalized in color is created by incorporating the starting materials into the document body during production.
  • the starting materials for example by printing, can be introduced between two layers before lamination.
  • the shape of the nanoparticles is understood to be their size and, on the other hand, their geometric shape.
  • Nanoparticles of semiconductor materials which have a band gap of preferably less than 2 electron volts in the bulk material often exhibit a so-called size quantization effect when a particle size is varied to ever smaller nanoparticles in the range of a few nanometers or less.
  • the band gap energy is dependent on the size, ie the shape, of the nanoparticles. With the bandgap energy, in turn, the absorption behavior is electromagnetic Radiation linked.
  • changing the band gap energy also changes a color of the nanoparticle, ie the color impression obtained when viewing the nanoparticle.
  • the color impression ie their absorption behavior
  • the color impression is influenced mainly by their surface shape.
  • surface plasmons are excited. These are critically dependent on a form of nanoparticles.
  • color impression is thus meant primarily an absorption behavior of the nanoparticle.
  • the color impression also depends, of course, on the number of nanoparticles present in a volume or surface, since the number of particles affects the total absorption in the volume or on the surface. However, this does not change the course of the absorption spectrum, but only the absorption efficiency. When talking about a change in the color impression in the context of the invention, such is not meant to be due to an increased / decreased absolute absorption.
  • the starting materials are introduced into the document body in such a way that it prevents the systems from forming such color-producing nanoparticles at normal ambient temperatures.
  • minute nanoparticles which are not stabilized by embedding in a matrix, a chemical solution, or the like, tend to coalesce into larger nanoparticles.
  • a total surface energy of the nanoparticles involved is reduced. Such a process is prevented by the embedding in the document body at ambient temperature and runs only where the document body is locally heated by the energy input.
  • the energy is introduced by means of one or more lasers.
  • Lasers offer the advantage that their light can be focused well, so that energy can be supplied to the focus in a targeted manner. With a suitable choice of the laser wavelength, it is possible, depending on the material from which the document body is made, to make a colored individualization inside the document body and not only on a surface.
  • the energy input by means of one or more lasers offers the advantage that the laser intensity and / or the laser frequency can be modulated in order to control the energy input and, via this, the formation process of the nanoparticles producing a desired color impression.
  • the starting materials comprise nanoparticles whose bank-gap energy is greater than that due to the size-quantization effect Photon energy of visible light is.
  • These nanoparticles of the starting materials can be caused by a targeted introduction of energy into the document body to grow together to form larger nanoparticles and thus change their absorption spectrum and thus their color and the color impression due to the size quantization effect.
  • the starting materials are preferably incorporated into a matrix. This is preferably designed so that the constituents of the starting materials can only move in the matrix when energy is introduced into the matrix and this is heated thereby.
  • the matrix consists of a polycarbonate, in particular bisphenol A polycarbonate.
  • Polycarboconates are particularly suitable because they are transparent to electromagnetic radiation in the visible wavelength range. Nevertheless, by means of a laser so high radiation energy densities can be generated that the polycarbonate material can be heated locally targeted.
  • the starting materials contain activator material which has a good laser absorption.
  • the activator material can be introduced in concentrations that do not adversely affect a transparency impression of the document body and yet significantly increase a locally targeted absorption of laser light.
  • a laser wavelength can be adjusted to achieve good absorption in an activator material.
  • the activator material comprises zinc oxide ZnO.
  • other substances such as carbon black or Iriodin ®.
  • the starting materials additionally or alternatively precursor for the formation of nanoparticles whose absorption behavior of their shape and / or their local concentration depends. This means that their color impression depends on their shape and / or their local concentration.
  • precursors therefore, such substances are present in the starting materials which form nanoparticles by a chemical reaction when energy is introduced into the document body and / or cause growth of already present smallest nanoparticles.
  • the local temperature can thus be varied over time by means of a targeted energy supply and a process control can be achieved by way of this, so that an optimum desired color impression, ie a desired color, can be set.
  • a particularly suitable substance II-VI semiconductor nanoparticles have been found.
  • other suitable systems or substances for example cadmium phosphide Cd 3 P 2 , etc. are also known.
  • all substances can be used which exhibit a shape-dependent absorption behavior in the visible wavelength range, in particular a size, shape and / or concentration-dependent absorption behavior (again meaning a change in the absorption spectrum (whose wavelength-dependent profile) as a function of the concentration).
  • the II-VI semiconductor nanoparticles found to be particularly suitable usually have a large size quantization effect.
  • the preferred materials include, for example, cadmium or mercury sulfide, cadmium or mercury selenide, cadmium or mercury telluride and ternary or quaternary compounds of the aforementioned elements.
  • the starting materials may comprise, for example, cadmium acetate and / or mercuric acetate and thioacetamide, from which cadmium sulfide or mercury sulfide forms upon energy input.
  • the starting materials comprise form-quantisable nanoparticles which change their shape as a function of the energy input, the color impression of which depends on the mold.
  • Form-quantisable nanoparticles may, for example, consist of gold and / or silver and / or alloys thereof.
  • the starting materials may comprise, for example, gold rod-shaped nanoparticles.
  • starting materials comprise precursors of substances which form colloidal nanoparticles whose color impression depends on a local concentration of the colloidal nanoparticles.
  • the starting materials may contain zinc oxide (ZnO) and gold or silver salts. In laser irradiation, the ZnO acts as an electron supplier to reduce gold or silver. This can be a growth of nano-colloids of gold and / or silver are excited.
  • the introduction of the energy is carried out so that a chemical degeneration, in particular a depolymerization, pyrolysis or carbonization, of the material of the document body is omitted.
  • optical sensors which monitor a color impression.
  • the energy supply is then controlled as a function of the monitored color impression.
  • the energy is localized at several points in a targeted manner introduced into the document body to bring about a color impression at the plurality of locations due to the shape and / or concentration of the nanoparticles, wherein the plurality of locations provide a pattern containing the individualizing information.
  • different color impressions are caused by the energy input at the different points. This means that the energy input takes place differently at the different locations.
  • FIG. 1 For three different particle sizes a, b, c, box potentials for the conduction band 1 a, 1 b, 1 c and corresponding box potentials for the valence band 2 a, 2 b, 2 c are shown.
  • a width 3a, 3b, 3c of the individual box potentials 1a, 2a, 1b, 2b, 1c, 2c is dependent on a particle size in the box model in each case. The larger the particle, the wider the corresponding box potentials.
  • the particle a is the smallest particle and c the largest particle.
  • the energetically lowest results taking into account quantum mechanics Energy levels 4a-4c of the conduction band and the highest energy states 5a-5c of the valence band, resulting for the different large particles ac different energy difference 6a-6c, each of which can be associated with a band gap energy.
  • the energy difference 6a-6c decreases with increasing particle size. The larger the bandgap of a particle, the higher the energy must be the radiation that is absorbed by this particle.
  • the band gap in the solid is 0.55 eV.
  • the material no longer appears black, but brown.
  • the color changes to red, orange and yellow until the material appears white at about 1.5 nm and has a bandgap of about 4 eV.
  • the energetic profile of the conduction band 15 and the valence band 16 is in each case schematically plotted against the particle size.
  • the bandgap energy 17 is large, for example in the region of 4 eV. Particles of this size appear white.
  • the bandgap energy 17 decreases and the color changes from yellow to orange, red to brown and finally black.
  • a nanoparticle 21 is shown, the aspect ratio, a ratio of a length 22 to a width 23, decreases.
  • a rod-shaped nanoparticle, a nanoparticle with a high aspect ratio is used as a starting material, for example, in one of polycarbonate embedded matrix embedded.
  • the nanoparticle is given the opportunity to change its shape.
  • a reduction of the aspect ratio leads to a reduction of the surface and thus a surface energy, so that this conversion of the originally rod-shaped nanoparticle 21 is prevented only by the matrix. Only when the matrix and the nanoparticle warm up is the nanoparticle given the opportunity to change its shape to a spherical shape.
  • the volume of the nanoparticle remains unchanged.
  • the aspect ratio changes its absorption behavior also changes from the infrared to the visible.
  • a device 41 for laser personalization of a security document 42 is shown schematically, which comprises a color customizable document body 43.
  • the document body 43 is preferably a composite formed of multiple layers 44 by lamination. These layers 44 are preferably formed from one or more thermoplastic materials. Single layers or all layers may be printed before laminating. Furthermore, microchips or other security elements may be incorporated in single or multiple layers. At least one layer, preferably several layers, are formed in such a way that starting materials for forming size-scalable nanoparticles are incorporated in them. The nanoparticles can also be introduced by printing between two layers, for example.
  • a layer is for example made of bisphenol A polycarbonate. This material provides a matrix for the starting materials.
  • smallest nanoparticles of substances are embedded whose bandgap energy is above the energy of photons of visible light.
  • precursors for example cadmium acetate and thioacetamide, may be embedded in the matrix.
  • zinc oxide ZnO is incorporated into the matrix as activator material.
  • the document body is held in a document body receptacle 55.
  • the device 41 comprises a laser 45 as the energy source.
  • This laser 45 generates electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible and / or ultraviolet spectral range.
  • the laser 45 may be selected from the list "YAG: Nd (fundamental or frequency multiplied: 1064 nm, 532 nm, 355 nm, 266 nm), excimer laser (F 2 157 nm, Xe 172 nm), exciplex laser (ArF 193 nm, KrF 248 nm, XeBr 282 nm, XeCl 308 nm, XeF 351 nm), titanium sapphire laser, CO 2 laser (10.6 ⁇ m) or diode laser ".
  • This laser radiation 46 is focused with an imaging optics 47 localized in a region of the layers 44, in which the starting materials are incorporated.
  • the laser radiation 46 is preferably absorbed by an activator material, for example zinc oxide (ZnO).
  • ZnO zinc oxide
  • hot spot zinc oxide
  • different numbers of nanoparticles form. The higher the laser intensity, ie the higher the temperature of the matrix increases locally, the more nanoparticles are created. If a lower temperature is selected, less or no nanoparticles are created. However, growth of existing nanoparticles continues. In this case, the size of the nanoparticles 49 changes. Depending on the size, a color impression changes.
  • irradiation of the activator material results in the formation of electron-hole pairs, thereby reducing, for example, metal salt ions, particularly silver (Ag + ) and gold (Au 3+ ), to the corresponding metals and form nanoparticles.
  • metal salt ions particularly silver (Ag + ) and gold (Au 3+ )
  • an optical sensor 50 which is formed for example as a color CCD camera, the optical impression is monitored.
  • the document body 43 it may be necessary for the document body 43 to be illuminated with a light source 51.
  • the signals detected by means of the optical sensor 50 are evaluated by a control device 52 which controls an energy input via the energy source 41 designed as a laser 45.
  • the energy source 41 may further include a modulator 54 through which the frequency and / or amplitude of the laser is modulated to control the energy input into the document body 43.
  • the modulator may be integrated into the laser 45 in other embodiments.
  • the energy source may also include multiple lasers that emit light of different wavelengths. This makes it possible to optimally excite different activator materials.
  • provision can be made for nanoparticles to be created to change the color impression in a plurality of different layers of the document body. If the laser radiation is focused simultaneously or with a time delay at different locations in the document body in order to selectively introduce locally targeted energy and to create nanoparticles that produce an optical color impression in the visible spectral range, a colored pattern can be generated in the document body, which is an individualizing information, for example a name, a passport photo, etc. represents.
  • the document body itself is a complete security document or document of value. In other embodiments, the document body is incorporated, for example, in a passport book.
  • the document body is a multi-layer laminated composite in which different layers include different starting materials and / or concentrations thereof. This can be caused in a simple manner in the different layers different color impressions by localized energy input. These can together result in a color pattern. Likewise, however, the layers may also comprise the same starting materials and / or concentrations thereof.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
EP08785547.4A 2007-08-10 2008-08-08 Farbige sicherheitsdokumentindividualisierung Active EP2183116B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08785547T PL2183116T3 (pl) 2007-08-10 2008-08-08 Barwna indywidualizacja zabezpieczonych dokumentów

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007037981A DE102007037981A1 (de) 2007-08-10 2007-08-10 Farbige Sicherheitsdokumentindividualisierung
PCT/EP2008/006695 WO2009021737A1 (de) 2007-08-10 2008-08-08 Farbige sicherheitsdokumentindividualisierung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2183116A1 EP2183116A1 (de) 2010-05-12
EP2183116B1 true EP2183116B1 (de) 2014-01-08

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08785547.4A Active EP2183116B1 (de) 2007-08-10 2008-08-08 Farbige sicherheitsdokumentindividualisierung

Country Status (8)

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EP (1) EP2183116B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN101772421B (pl)
DE (1) DE102007037981A1 (pl)
ES (1) ES2452295T3 (pl)
PL (1) PL2183116T3 (pl)
PT (1) PT2183116E (pl)
RU (1) RU2506167C2 (pl)
WO (1) WO2009021737A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012062505A1 (de) 2010-11-08 2012-05-18 U-Nica Technology Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung von farbbildern mit einem uv-laser auf pigmentierten substraten und dadurch hergestellte produkte
DE102012211767B4 (de) 2012-07-05 2014-03-13 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Sicherheitsdokumentenrohling für eine farbige Laserpersonalisierung, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitsdokuments mittels farbiger Laserpersonalisierung eines Sicherheitsdokumentenrohlings und Sicherheitsdokument.
DE102013218752B4 (de) 2013-09-18 2021-01-28 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Aktivierbares Wert- oder Sicherheitsprodukt, Verfahren zum Aktivieren und Verfahren zum Herstellen des Wert- oder Sicherheitsproduktes

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU597240B2 (en) * 1985-02-05 1990-05-31 Ciba-Geigy Ag Laser marking of pigmented systems
ES2281921T3 (es) 1998-07-20 2007-10-01 Maurer Electronics Gmbh Procedimiento para grabar imagenes mediante radiacion en una capa radiosensible, en especial para grabar con laser.
DE19955383A1 (de) 1999-10-29 2001-05-03 Orga Kartensysteme Gmbh Verfahren zum Aufbringen von farbigen Informationen auf einen Gegenstand
AU7771300A (en) * 1999-11-18 2001-05-30 Orga Kartensysteme Gmbh Method for applying coloured information on an object
DE10008851A1 (de) * 2000-02-25 2001-08-30 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung laserbeschriftbarer Datenträger und damit hergestellte Datenträger
DE10053264A1 (de) 2000-10-26 2002-05-08 Orga Kartensysteme Gmbh Verfahren zum Einschreiben von Daten auf/in Datenträger mittels Laserstrahlung und damit hergestellte Datenträger
DE10316034A1 (de) 2003-04-07 2004-12-30 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Information, Trägerkörper, in dem die Information erzeugt wird, sowie Verwendung eines derartigen Trägerkörpers
CN1902059A (zh) * 2003-12-16 2007-01-24 票据印刷澳大利亚有限公司 具有多色图像的安全制品
DE102004010504B4 (de) * 2004-03-04 2006-05-04 Degussa Ag Hochtransparente lasermarkierbare und laserschweißbare Kunststoffmaterialien, deren Verwendung und Herstellung sowie Verwendung von Metallmischoxiden und Verfahren zur Kennzeichnung von Produktionsgütern
DE102004050557B4 (de) 2004-10-15 2010-08-12 Ticona Gmbh Lasermarkierbare Formmassen und daraus erhältliche Produkte und Verfahren zur Lasermarkierung

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Publication number Publication date
CN101772421A (zh) 2010-07-07
CN101772421B (zh) 2013-02-06
RU2010108251A (ru) 2011-09-20
RU2506167C2 (ru) 2014-02-10
DE102007037981A1 (de) 2009-02-26
WO2009021737A1 (de) 2009-02-19
EP2183116A1 (de) 2010-05-12
PL2183116T3 (pl) 2014-06-30
ES2452295T3 (es) 2014-03-31
PT2183116E (pt) 2014-03-25

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