EP2182179B1 - Thermoelektrisches Energiespeichersystem und Verfahren zur Speicherung von thermoelektrischer Energie - Google Patents

Thermoelektrisches Energiespeichersystem und Verfahren zur Speicherung von thermoelektrischer Energie Download PDF

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EP2182179B1
EP2182179B1 EP08160520A EP08160520A EP2182179B1 EP 2182179 B1 EP2182179 B1 EP 2182179B1 EP 08160520 A EP08160520 A EP 08160520A EP 08160520 A EP08160520 A EP 08160520A EP 2182179 B1 EP2182179 B1 EP 2182179B1
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Prior art keywords
thermal storage
working fluid
storage medium
heat
hot
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EP08160520A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2182179A1 (de
Inventor
Christian Ohler
Mehmet Mercangoez
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ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
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ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
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Priority to DE602008005898T priority Critical patent/DE602008005898D1/de
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority to ES08160520T priority patent/ES2363455T3/es
Priority to EP08160520A priority patent/EP2182179B1/de
Priority to AT08160520T priority patent/ATE503915T1/de
Priority to PL08160520T priority patent/PL2182179T3/pl
Priority to DK08160520.6T priority patent/DK2182179T3/da
Priority to CN200980128185.1A priority patent/CN102099551B/zh
Priority to RU2011105632/06A priority patent/RU2476686C2/ru
Priority to PCT/EP2009/058475 priority patent/WO2010006942A2/en
Publication of EP2182179A1 publication Critical patent/EP2182179A1/de
Priority to US13/005,249 priority patent/US20110100611A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/02—Use of accumulators and specific engine types; Control thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/12—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having two or more accumulators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the storage of electric energy. It relates in particular to a system and method for storing electric energy in the form of thermal energy in thermal energy storage.
  • Base load generators such as nuclear power plants and generators with stochastic, intermittent energy sources such as wind turbines and solar panels, generate excess electrical power during times of low power demand.
  • Large-scale electrical energy storage systems are a means of diverting this excess energy to times of peak demand and balance the overall electricity generation and consumption.
  • thermoelectric energy storage TEES
  • a TEES converts excess electricity to heat, stores the heat, and converts the heat back to electricity, when necessary.
  • Such an energy storage system is robust, compact, site independent and is suited to the storage of electrical energy in large amounts.
  • Thermal energy can be stored in the form of sensible heat via a change in temperature or in the form of latent heat via a change of phase or a combination of both.
  • the storage medium for the sensible heat can be a solid, liquid, or a gas.
  • the storage medium for the latent heat occurs via a change of phase and can involve any of these phases or a combination of them in series or in parallel.
  • thermoelectric energy storage is limited for various reasons rooted in the second law of thermodynamics. Firstly, the conversion of heat to mechanical work is limited to the Carnot efficiency. Secondly, the coefficient of performance of any heat pump declines with increased temperature difference between input level and output level. Thirdly, any heat flow from a working fluid to a thermal storage and vice versa requires a temperature difference in order to happen. This fact inevitably degrades the temperature level and thus the capability of the heat to do work.
  • a heat pump requires work to move thermal energy from a cold source to a warmer heat sink. Since the amount of energy deposited at the hot side is greater than the work required by an amount equal to the energy taken from the cold side, a heat pump will "multiply" the heat as compared to resistive heat generation.
  • the ratio of heat output to work input is called coefficient of performance, and it is a value larger than one. In this way, the use of a heat pump will increase the round-trip efficiency of a thermoelectric energy storage system.
  • the round-trip efficiency is the amount of electricity provided from the storage divided by the amount of electricity provided to the storage.
  • US Patent 4089744 discloses a method of thermal energy storage by means of reversible heat pumping. Excess electrical output is stored in the form of sensible heat by using it to raise the temperature level of a heat storage fluid. In this scheme, the source of low level heat is stored hot water, which also serves as the working fluid in the heat pump and the turbine cycles.
  • a thermodynamic analysis such as the type of analysis shown in Figure 6 , shows that the efficiency of schemes equivalent to that of US 4089744 is limited to about 50%.
  • thermoelectric energy storage having a round-trip efficiency of, preferably, greater than 55%.
  • thermoelectric energy storage system for converting electrical energy into thermal energy to be stored and converted back to electrical energy with an improved round-trip efficiency.
  • This objective is achieved by a thermoelectric energy storage system according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 7. Preferred embodiments are evident from the dependent claims.
  • thermoelectric energy storage system which comprises a hot storage unit which is in connection with a heat exchanger and contains a thermal storage medium, a working fluid circuit for circulating a working fluid through the heat exchanger for heat transfer with the thermal storage medium, and wherein the temperature difference between the working fluid and the thermal storage medium in the hot storage unit is minimized during heat transfer.
  • thermodynamic machine When the thermoelectric energy storage system is in a charging (or “heat pump”) cycle, the thermodynamic machine includes a turbine, and when the thermoelectric energy storage system is in a discharging (or “turbine”) cycle, the thermodynamic machine includes a compressor.
  • the hot storage unit comprises at least two hot storage units, each hot storage unit is in connection with a heat exchanger and contains a thermal storage medium.
  • the heat exchanger or heat exchangers are common to both the charging and discharging cycles. However, it is also possible that there are separate heat exchangers for the charging and discharging cycles. Two or more heat exchangers utilized in series are preferably connected hydraulically.
  • the thermal storage medium may be a liquid and a flow rate of the thermal storage medium may be modified such that the temperature difference between the working fluid and the thermal storage medium in each hot storage unit is minimized during heat transfer.
  • the thermal storage medium of the present invention may be a solid or a liquid.
  • the particular embodiment illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying description shows a version wherein the thermal storage medium is a liquid.
  • a single working fluid circuit containing a single type of working fluid is utilized for both the charging and discharging cycles.
  • each separate working fluid circuit may contain a different type of working fluid.
  • the temperature of the thermal storage medium at entry and exit points of each connected heat exchanger is modified such that the temperature difference between the working fluid and the thermal storage medium in each hot storage unit is minimized during heat transfer.
  • At least one of the hot storage units may contain a different type of thermal storage medium such that the temperature difference between the working fluid and the thermal storage medium in each hot storage unit is minimized during heat transfer.
  • the hot storage unit or units comprise a thermal storage medium for sensible heat storage and a phase change storage medium for latent heat storage, which are arranged such that the temperature difference between the working fluid and the thermal storage medium in each heat exchanger unit is minimized during heat transfer.
  • the temperature difference between the working fluid and the thermal storage medium in each hot storage unit is less than 50°C during heat transfer.
  • thermoelectric energy storage system comprising charging a hot storage unit by providing heat via a heat exchanger to a thermal storage medium by compressing a working fluid, discharging the hot storage unit by expanding the working fluid heated via the heat exchanger from the thermal storage medium through a thermodynamic machine, and modifying the thermal storage media parameters to ensure the temperature difference between the working fluid and the thermal storage medium is minimized during charging and discharging.
  • the step of modifying the thermal storage media parameters comprises modifying the flow rate of the thermal storage medium.
  • the step of modifying the thermal storage media parameters may comprise modifying the initial temperature and final temperature of the thermal storage medium.
  • the step of modifying the thermal storage media parameters comprises modifying the type of thermal storage medium.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a schematic diagram of a TEES system 10 in accordance with the present invention which comprises a hot storage 12 and a cold storage 14 which are coupled to each other by means of a heat pump cycle system 16 and a turbine cycle system 18.
  • the hot storage 12 contains a thermal storage medium
  • the cold storage 14 is a heat sink
  • both the heat pump cycle and the turbine cycle contain a working fluid.
  • the heat pump cycle system 16 comprises, in the flow direction of the working fluid, an evaporator 20, a compressor train 22, a heat exchanger 24, and an expansion valve 26.
  • the turbine cycle system 18 comprises, in the flow direction of the working fluid, a feed pump 28, a heat exchanger 30, a turbine 32, and a condenser 34.
  • the heat exchangers 24, 30 in both the heat pump cycle system and the turbine cycle system are located to exchange heat with the hot storage 12.
  • the evaporator 20 and the condenser 34 in the heat pump cycle system 16 and the turbine cycle system 18 respectively, are located to exchange heat with the cold storage 14.
  • the cold storage 14 is a heat reservoir at any temperature lower than the hot storage temperature.
  • the cold storage temperature may be higher or lower the ambient temperature.
  • the cold storage may be another heat sink such as cooling water or air from the ambient.
  • the turbine and compressor train may be thermodynamic machines based on positive displacement such as reciprocating or rotary expanders or compressors.
  • the compressor train 22 may comprise one or several individual compressors with possible intercooling (not shown).
  • the turbine 32 may comprise one or several individual turbines with possible reheating (not shown).
  • the evaporator 20, the condenser 34, the feed pump 28 and the expansion valve 26 may comprise one or multiple units.
  • the working fluid flows around the TEES system 10 in the following manner.
  • the working fluid in the compressor 22 is initially in vapour form and surplus electrical energy is utilized to compress and heat the working fluid.
  • the working fluid is fed through the heat exchanger 24 where the working fluid discards heat into the hot storage medium.
  • the compressed working fluid exits the heat exchanger and enters the expansion valve 26.
  • the working fluid is expanded to the lower pressure of the evaporator.
  • the working fluid flows from the expansion valve into the evaporator 20 where the working fluid is heated to evaporation. This is realized using available heat from the cold storage.
  • working fluid is condensed by exchanging heat with the cold storage 14.
  • the condensed working fluid exits the condenser via the outlet and is pumped into the heat exchanger 30 at the hot storage via the feed pump 28.
  • the working fluid is heated, evaporated, and overheated from the stored heat from the hot storage medium.
  • the working fluid exits the heat exchanger 30 and enters the turbine 32 where the working fluid is expanded thereby causing the turbine to generate electrical energy.
  • the expansion valve 26, the evaporator 20, and the compressor 22 are in operation during a period of charging, or the "heat pump cycle”.
  • the turbine 32, the condenser 34 and the feed pump 28 are in operation during a period of discharging or the "turbine cycle”.
  • the hot storage 12 is in operation at all times; during charging, storage, and discharging.
  • the solid-line cycle shown in Figure 2 represents the heat pump cycle that is charging the hot storage and the heat pump cycle follows a counter-clockwise direction as indicated by the arrows.
  • the working fluid is assumed to be water for this exemplary embodiment.
  • the heat pump cycle starts in the evaporator at point A where steam is evaporated to form vapor using heat from the cold storage (transition A ⁇ B1 in Figure 2 ).
  • the vapor is compressed utilising electrical energy in two stages from point B1 to C1 and B2 to C2. Where compression occurs in two stages this is a consequence of the compressor train comprising two individual units. In between these two compression stages, the working fluid is cooled from point C1 to B2.
  • the hot, compressed, overheated vapor exits the compression train at point C2 where it is cooled down to the saturation temperature at D1, condensed at D2, and further cooled down to point D3.
  • This cooling down and condensation is realized by transferring the heat from the working fluid into the hot storage thereby storing the heat energy.
  • the cooled working fluid is returned to its initial low pressure state at point A via the expansion valve.
  • the dotted-line cycle shown in Figure 2 represents the Rankine turbine cycle that is discharging the hot storage and the cycle follows a clockwise direction as indicated by the arrows.
  • the Rankine turbine cycle starts at point E, where the pump is utilized to pump the working fluid in its liquid state from point E to F1.
  • the working fluid receives the heat from the thermal storage medium.
  • the heat is transferred from the thermal storage medium to the working fluid causing the working fluid to heat up at F2, to boil at F3, and attain a certain degree of superheat at G.
  • the superheated working fluid vapor at point G is expanded down to point H in a mechanical device such as a turbine to generate electricity.
  • the working fluid enters the condenser where it is condensed to its initial state at point E by exchanging heat with the cold storage.
  • the roundtrip efficiency of the complete energy storage process is calculated in the following manner; the work provided by the turbine expansion divided by the work used in the heat pump compressor: -(h G -h H )/(h C2 -h B2 +h C1 -h B1 ), where the letter h denotes the enthalpy of the corresponding point.
  • the roundtrip efficiency is 50.8%. It is not possible from the enthalpy-pressure diagram alone to judge if this is a particularly efficient TEES system, or how it could be improved in efficiency.
  • the heat exchanger 24 in the heat pump cycle components 16 and the heat exchanger 30 in the turbine cycle components 18 may comprise several individual heat exchangers arranged in series, as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 , respectively.
  • FIG. 3 depicts a simplified schematic diagram of the heat pump cycle components 16 in a thermoelectric energy storage system 10 of the present invention.
  • three individual hot storage units x, y, z are arranged in series.
  • Each hot storage unit x, y, z comprises a heat exchanger 36, 38, 40 in connection with a storage tank pair 42, 44, 46.
  • Each storage tank pair comprises a cold tank and a hot tank wherein the flow of the thermal storage medium is from the cold tank to the hot tank via the associated heat exchanger.
  • the three hot storage units in Figure 3 are denoted x, y and z from left to right in the diagram.
  • the heat exchangers are counterflow heat exchangers, and the working fluid of the cycle is water.
  • the heat pump cycle components 16 of Figure 3 perform essentially in a similar manner as heat pump cycle components 16 of the TEES system described in respect of Figures 1 and 2 .
  • the working fluid flows through the further two separate heat exchangers.
  • the initial and final temperatures of the working fluid as it passes through heat exchanger 40 are 510°C and 270°C
  • through heat exchanger 38 are 270°C and 270°C
  • through heat exchanger 36 are 270°C and 100°C.
  • an overall temperature drop of 410°C is achieved.
  • the characteristics of the working fluid (shown as a solid line) and thermal storage medium (shown as a dashed line) of each of the three heat exchangers 36, 38, 40 and associated storage tank pair 42, 44, 46 during charging are shown in Figure 5 in the enthalpy-temperature graphs a), b) and c), respectively.
  • the temperature of the thermal storage medium in each stage is increasing, whilst the temperature of the working fluid decreases only in stages a) and c).
  • FIG 4 depicts a simplified schematic diagram of the turbine cycle components 18 in a thermoelectric energy storage system 10 of the present invention.
  • the arrangement of three individual hot storage units x, y, z, arranged in series, are the same units shown in Figure 3 .
  • each storage tank pair 42, 44, 46 comprises a hot tank and a cold tank, however the flow of the thermal storage medium is from the hot tank to the cold tank via the heat exchanger.
  • the turbine cycle components 18 of Figure 4 perform essentially in a similar manner as turbine cycle components of the TEES system described in respect of Figures 1 and 2 .
  • the working fluid flows through the further two separate heat exchangers.
  • the initial and final temperatures of the working fluid as it passes through heat exchanger 36 are 80°C and 240°C
  • through heat exchanger 38 are 240°C and 240°C
  • through heat exchanger 40 are 240°C and 490°C.
  • an overall temperature increase of 410°C is achieved.
  • the working fluid conduit for the heat pump cycle is coupled to the hot storage units x, y, z.
  • the turbine pump cycle components 18 are in operation, then the working fluid conduit for the turbine cycle coupled to the hot storage units x, y, z, instead. In this way, the turbine cycle obtains thermal energy from the hot storage units that was deposited by the heat pump cycle.
  • the characteristics of the working fluid (shown as a solid line) and thermal storage medium (shown as a dashed line) of each of the three heat exchangers 36, 38, 40 and associated storage tank pairs 42, 44, 46 during discharging are shown in Figure 5 in the enthalpy-temperature graphs d), e) and f), respectively.
  • the temperature of the thermal storage medium in each stage is decreasing, whilst the temperature of the working fluid increases only in stages d) and f).
  • Figure 6 shows the isobars, ie. lines of constant pressure, from Figure 5 a) - f) on a single temperature-enthalpy graph for a particular system embodiment. Further, the capital letters used are consistent with Figure 2 . Thus, Figure 6 illustrates the heat transfer process at the three separate hot storage units x, y, z during the charging and discharging of the TEES system 10.
  • the solid line isobars C2 to D3 represent the heat pump cycle
  • the dotted line isobars F1 to G represent the Rankine turbine cycle
  • the dashed line isobars X1 to X2, Y1 to Y2, Z1 to Z2 represent the thermal storage media in the three hot storage units x, y, z, respectively.
  • the slope of these characteristic isobars is defined by the product of the massflow (kg/s) and heat capacity (J/kg/K) of each thermal storage medium relative to the massflow of the working fluid. This product is different for each of the three heat transfer subsections; heating/cooling of liquid water in hot storage unit x, boiling/condensation in hot storage unit y, and providing/extracting heat to the supersaturation region in hot storage unit z.
  • the temperature profiles are stationary in time due to the sensible heat storage in the thermal storage media.
  • the volume of thermal storage media in each heat exchanger remains constant, the volume of hot and cold thermal storage media stored in the hot and cold tanks changes. Also, the temperature distribution in the heat exchangers remains constant.
  • the present invention determines that the smaller the average temperature difference between the working fluid and the heat storage media during heat transfer, the greater the efficiency of the TEES system.
  • this feature is observed as a relatively closer positioning of the characteristic isobars of the charging and discharging cycles, as shown in Figure 7 .
  • the present invention determines that the thermal storage media may be the same or a different fluid in each hot storage unit x, y and z. Further, the present invention determines that the thermal storage media may be at a different temperature in each hot storage unit x, y and z. Also, the flow-rate of the thermal storage media within each hot storage unit may differ. Specifically, in order to achieve an optimized roundtrip efficiency of the TEES system various combinations of the thermal storage media, the initial and final temperature of the thermal storage media and the thermal storage media flow-rates may be utilized.
  • the flow-rate of the thermal storage medium through heat exchanger 38 of hot storage unit y is increased by a factor of three in comparison with the scenario in Figure 6 .
  • the flow rate in heat exchanger 38, in Figure 6 was set to an arbitrary rate that was relatively larger than the flow rate in heat exchangers 36 and 40, but the flow rate was not optimized as in Figure 7 .
  • a decrease in average temperature differences between the thermal storage medium and the working fluid during heat transfer in heat exchanger 38 of hot storage unit y can be noted.
  • a resultant TEES system design has a higher saturation temperature in heat exchanger 38 in the turbine cycle than before (denoted as F2' and F3' in Figure 7 in comparison with F2 and F3 in Figure 6 ). This equates to a temperature of 230 °C in Figure 7 , in comparison with 200 °C in Figure 6 . Consequently, the roundtrip efficiency of the TEES system in the embodiment of Figure 7 is 61.1% in comparison to an efficiency of 50.8% in Figure 2 .
  • the present invention requires the temperature difference between the working fluid of the heat pump cycle and the heat storage media, as well as the temperature difference between the working fluid of the turbine cycle and the heat storage media to be relatively small (for example, smaller than 50 °C on average). This is achieved through modification of certain TEES parameters as specified above.
  • the three thermal storage media are fluids.
  • these may be three different liquid sensible heat storage media such as water, oil, or molten salts.
  • the heat exchangers are counterflow heat exchangers, having a minimal approach temperature 10 K (ie. the minimal temperature difference between the two fluids exchanging heat is 10 K) and the expansion device is preferably a thermostatic expansion valve.
  • the heat at the boiling/condensation heat exchanger 38 is transferred to the latent heat of a phase transition of a storage medium enabling an even closer match of the temperature profiles in the boiling/condensation region.
  • a preferred embodiment uses steam as the working fluid for both the heat pump cycle and the turbine cycle.
  • evaporator and condenser instead use heat from the ambient as an (infinitely large) reservoir for the cold side of the heat pump cycle and the turbine cycle.
  • the cold storage of Figure 1 which is a second heat storage reservoir, has latent heat storage at temperatures around 100 °C at the cold side of the heat pump cycle and the turbine cycle. Because of the temperature dependence of the saturation pressure of working fluids such as water, such an additional heat storage reservoir may result in greater economy in respect of the compressor and the turbine. It is envisaged that this economy would more than compensate for the additional cost for this reservoir at moderately long storage times.
  • the hot storage can consist of:
  • thermodynamic machine capable of achieving both tasks.
  • the preferred working fluid for the instant invention is water; mainly due to the higher efficiencies of a water-based heat pump cycle and turbine cycle, and the amiable properties of water as a working fluid i.e. no global warming potential, no ozone depletion potential, no health hazards etc.
  • a commercial refrigerant can be chosen as the heat pump working fluid, or a second bottoming heat pump cycle can be cascaded with the water-based cycle to provide the heat of evaporation.

Claims (10)

  1. Thermoelektrisches Energiespeichersystem (10) zum Bereitstellen von thermischer Energie für eine thermodynamische Maschine zum Erzeugen von elektrischem Strom, wobei das System Folgendes umfasst:
    eine Heißspeichereinheit (12), die mit einem Wärmetauscher (24, 30) verbunden ist und ein thermisches Speichermedium enthält; und
    einen Arbeitsfluidkreislauf zum Umwälzen eines Arbeitsfluids durch den Wärmetauscher (24, 30), um einen Wärmeaustausch mit dem thermischen Speichermedium zu bewirken;
    wobei die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem Arbeitsfluid und dem thermischen Speichermedium an einem Eintritts- und einem Austrittspunkt des Wärmetauschers (24, 30) während des Wärmeaustausches weniger als 50°C beträgt.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Heißspeichereinheit mindestens zwei Heißspeichereinheiten (x, y, z) umfasst sowie jede Heißspeichereinheit mit einem Wärmetauscher (36, 38, 40) verbunden ist und ein thermisches Speichermedium enthält.
  3. System nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, bei dem das thermische Speichermedium eine Flüssigkeit ist und eine Durchflussrate des thermischen Speichermediums so modifiziert wird, dass die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem Arbeitsfluid und dem thermischen Speichermedium in jeder Heißspeichereinheit (x, y, z) während des Wärmeaustausches weniger als 50°C beträgt.
  4. System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei dem die Temperatur des thermischen Speichermediums an Eintritts- und Austrittspunkten eines jeden verbundenen Wärmetauschers (36, 38, 40) so modifiziert wird, dass die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem Arbeitsfluid und dem thermischen Speichermedium in jeder Heißspeichereinheit (x, y, z) während des Wärmeaustausches weniger als 50°C beträgt.
  5. System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei dem mindestens eine der Heißspeichereinheiten eine andere Art eines thermischen Speichermediums enthält, so dass die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem Arbeitsfluid und dem thermischen Speichermedium in jeder Heißspeichereinheit (x, y, z) während des Wärmeaustausches weniger als 50°C beträgt.
  6. System nach einem der vorstehend aufgeführten Ansprüche, bei dem die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem Arbeitsfluid und dem thermischen Speichermedium in jeder Heißspeichereinheit (x, y, z) während des Wärmeaustausches weniger als 50°C beträgt.
  7. Verfahren zum Speichern von thermoelektrischer Energie in einem thermoelektrischen Energiespeichersystem, wobei das Verfahren Folgendes umfasst:
    Beaufschlagen einer Heißspeichereinheit (12, x, y, z) durch über einen Wärmetauscher (24, 30, 36, 38, 40) erfolgendes Bereitstellen von Wärme für ein thermisches Speichermedium durch Verdichten eines Arbeitsfluids;
    Abführen des Speichermediums aus der Heißspeichereinheit (12, x, y, z) durch Entspannen des über den Wärmetauscher erwärmten Arbeitsfluids durch eine thermodynamische Maschine (32); und
    Modifizieren der thermischen Speichermedienparameter, um sicherzustellen, dass die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem Arbeitsfluid und dem thermischen Speichermedium an einem Eintritts- und einem Austrittspunkt des Wärmetauschers während des Beaufschlagens und Abführens weniger als 50°C beträgt.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, bei dem der Schritt des Modifizierens der thermischen Speichermedienparameter das Modifizieren der Durchflussrate des thermischen Speichermediums umfasst.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder Anspruch 8, bei dem der Schritt des Modifizierens der thermischen Speichermedienparameter das Modifizieren der Anfangstemperatur und der Endtemperatur des thermischen Speichermediums umfasst.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, bei dem der Schritt des Modifizierens der thermischen Speichermedienparameter das Modifizieren der Art des thermischen Speichermediums umfasst.
EP08160520A 2008-07-16 2008-07-16 Thermoelektrisches Energiespeichersystem und Verfahren zur Speicherung von thermoelektrischer Energie Active EP2182179B1 (de)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES08160520T ES2363455T3 (es) 2008-07-16 2008-07-16 Sistema de almacenamiento de nergía termoeléctrica y método de almacenamiento de energía termoeléctrica.
EP08160520A EP2182179B1 (de) 2008-07-16 2008-07-16 Thermoelektrisches Energiespeichersystem und Verfahren zur Speicherung von thermoelektrischer Energie
AT08160520T ATE503915T1 (de) 2008-07-16 2008-07-16 Thermoelektrisches energiespeichersystem und verfahren zur speicherung von thermoelektrischer energie
PL08160520T PL2182179T3 (pl) 2008-07-16 2008-07-16 Układ do magazynowania energii termoelektrycznej i sposób magazynowania energii termoelektrycznej
DK08160520.6T DK2182179T3 (da) 2008-07-16 2008-07-16 Termoelektrisk energioplagringssystem samt fremgangsmåde til oplagring af termoelektrisk energi
DE602008005898T DE602008005898D1 (de) 2008-07-16 2008-07-16 Thermoelektrisches Energiespeichersystem und Verfahren zur Speicherung von thermoelektrischer Energie
CN200980128185.1A CN102099551B (zh) 2008-07-16 2009-07-06 热电能量存储系统和用于储存热电能量的方法
RU2011105632/06A RU2476686C2 (ru) 2008-07-16 2009-07-06 Система аккумулирования термоэлектрической энергии и способ аккумулирования термоэлектрической энергии
PCT/EP2009/058475 WO2010006942A2 (en) 2008-07-16 2009-07-06 Thermoelectric energy storage system and method for storing thermoelectric energy
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US20110100611A1 (en) 2011-05-05
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